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In the first year or so of Web business, most of the action has revolved around efforts to tap the consumer market. More recently, as the Web proved to be more than a fashion, companies have started to buy and sell products and services with one another. Such business-to-business sales make sense because business people typically know what product they are looking for.

However, many companies still hesitate to use the Web because of doubts about its reliability. “Businesses need to feel they can trust the pathway between them and the suppliers,” says senior analyst Blane Erwin of Forrester Research. Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online transactions only with established business partners who are given access to the company’s private Internet.

Another major shift in the model for Internet commerce concerns the technology available for marketing. Until recently, Internet marketing activities have focused on strategies to “pull” customers to sites. In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to “push” information directly onto consumers. Companies such as Virtual Vineyards are already starting to use similar technologies to push messages to customers about special sales, product offerings, or other events. But push technology has earned the contempt of many Web users. Online culture thinks highly of the notion that the information flowing onto the screen comes there by specific request. Once commercial promotion begins to fill the screen uninvited, the distinction between the Web and television fades. That’s a prospect that horrifies Net purists.

But it is nearly inevitable that companies on the Web will need to resort to past strategies to make money. A Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security will attract online customers. And the cost of computing power continues to free fall, which is a good sign for any enterprises setting up shop in silicon. People looking back 5 or 10 years from now may well wonder why so few companies took the online plunge.

1.All of the following statements are true EXCEPT that ________.

A. two major shifts in Internet commerce are mentioned in this passage

B. in some way, the Web acts as the pathway

C. “push” technology enjoys low reputation among Web users

D. many companies began to take the online plunge decades ago.

2.In the view of Net purist, ________.

A. there should be no marketing messages in online culture

B. money making should be given priority on the Web

C. the Web should be able to function as the television set

D. there should be no online commercial information without requests

3.The term “past strategies” (Line 1, Para. 4) refers to ________.

A. interactivity, hospitality and security   B. business-to-business sales

C. “push technology”   D. online marketing

4.The author’s tone of writing this passage is ________.

A. pessimistic   B. hopeful

C. disappointed   D. indifferent

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