Twenty minutes of exercise may help kids with...

Twenty minutes of exercise may help kids with ADHD(小儿多动症) settle in to read or solve a math problem, a new research suggests.

The small study, of 40 8～10 year-olds, looked only at the short-term effects of a single period time of exercise. But researchers warn that they are not saying exercise is the answer to ADHD.

But it seems that exercise may at least do no harm to kids' ability to focus, they say. And further studies should look into whether it's a good choice for managing some children's ADHD.

“This is only a first study,” said lead researcher Matthew B. Pontifex, of Michigan State University in East Lansing.

“We need to learn how long the effects last, and how exercise might combine with or compare to traditional ADHD treatments” like stimulant medications(刺激性药物), Pontifex explained.

He noted that there's been a lot of research into older adults. But little is known about kids, even though some parents, teachers and doctors have advocated exercise for helping children with ADHD.

So for their study, Pontifex and his colleagues found 20 children with diagnosed(诊断) or suspected ADHD, and 20 ADHD-free kids of the same age and family-income level.

All of the children took a standard test of their ability to ignore distractions(注意力分散) and stay focused on a simple task at hand - the main ability” that troubles kids with ADHD, Pontifex noted. The kids also took standard tests of reading, spelling and math skills.

Each child took the tests after either 20 minutes of treadmill(跑步机) exercise or 20 minutes of quiet reading (on separate days). Overall, the study found, both groups of children performed better after exercise than after reading.

On the test of focusing ability, the ADHD group was correct on about 80 percent of responses after reading, versus(相对于) about 84 percent after exercise. Kids without ADHD performed better -reaching about a 90 percent correct rate after exercise.

Similarly, both groups of kids scored higher on their reading and math tests after exercise, versus post-reading.

1.What does the new research suggest?

A.Exercising will make kids with ADHD stronger.

B.Exercising will help kids with ADHD focus better.

C.Exercising will help make math problems easier.

D.Exercising will help kids read more quickly.

2.What is the problem about the research into kids?

A.There is too much research into the older adults.

B.The research about the ADHD is enough.

C.The research about kids with ADHD is limited.

D.Exercise is not combined with traditional treatment.

3.Why did Pontifex’s team need 20 ADHD –free kids during the research?

A.They need to compare their performance with that of kids with ADHD.

B.They need them to do some reading and math problems after school.

C.They need them to take a standard test of their ability to ignore distractions.

D.They need them to take standard tests of reading, spelling and math skills.

4.What happened to the kids after exercising?

A.Kids with ADHD performed better than kids without ADHD in reading.

B.Kids without ADHD performed the same before and after exercising.

C.Both groups scored higher on their reading and math tests after reading.

D.Both kids with ADHD and without ADHD performed better after exercise.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

“We see lots of adults being diagnosed as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (多动症) around age 38,” says Timothy Widens, MD, an professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. “That’s right around the time people start doing more-tasks, juggling jobs, families, a home, and other personal duties，” he says.

But not everyone who slacks on work or forgets appointments has ADHD; there are plenty of other reasons you may be losing attentions. Here are five things that could be sucking your attention span dry.

1. Technology overload

Your computer, cell phone, and iPod all compete for your attention—no wonder you're distracted(心烦意乱)! To a certain point, your brain can act as secretary, keeping you organized and helping with time management. But the more tasks you try to do, the harder it is for you to stay focused on any single task, research shows. Learning basic organizational skills, like writing down responsibilities and maintaining a day planner, can help reduce these problems. So take a break from constant television, Internet, and email floods

2. Lack of sleep

If you’re missing out on enough shut-eye—most likely seven to eight hours a night—you’re probably easy-angry, dealing with mind fog, and have difficulty addressing daily tasks. That’s a normal reaction, says Dr. Widens.

3. Poor job satisfaction

Sure, everyone’s unhappy at work from time to time—maybe your customer presentation failed or your boss gave you a poor performance review. And if a disorganized working environment or a boring project make it difficult to focus, that's completely normal. But if you find that you often can't complete projects，you probably need medical attention, or a new job.

4. Too much stress

Stress takes side affects on concentration. Researchers at the University of Madison found that the relaxation technique can add to your ability to focus on your mind. Another study, from researchers at UCLA, suggests that in adults with ADHD, meditation improves attention and eases symptoms of anxiety and depression.

5. Too little exercise

Mounting evidence suggests that regular exercise can keep your mind sharp and increase learning and memory ability. It’s even more important in adults with ADHD. ” My patients who exercise all report that they see improvement in attention,” says Dr. Widens. Working up a sweat can also help you burn off the extra energy that causes you to feel uncomfortable, and it can help you sleep better at night.

Hopefully after you understand these helpful methods, you become more attentive on what you are doing.

高二英语填空题中等难度题查看答案及解析

the students are doing their maths exercises with the help of the teacher.

A. Three score of             B. Three scores

C. Score of                  D. Scores

高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

How parents can help with cyberbullying（网络欺凌）?

43% of kids have been bullied online. One in four has had it happen more than once.70% of students reported seeing frequent bullying online. Many studies suggest that cyberbullying has become a serious problem worldwide and makes many kids suffer. 1..

Let teachers know about the situation. Many schools have protocols（协议）for responding to cyberbullying. Before reporting the problem, let your children know what you want to do so that you can make a plan that makes you both feel comfortable.

Encourage your children not to respond to cyberbullying, because doing so just fuels the fire and makes the situation worse. 2.. Instead, you should keep the threatening messages, pictures, and texts, which can be used as evidence for the bully’s parents, schools, or even the police.

Limit your kids’ access to the Internet. Though hurtful, many kids who are bullied can’t resist the temptation（诱惑）to check websites or phones to see if there are new messages. 3.. Many websites and smartphones include parental control options that allow parents to control kids’ online life.

4.. Follow your children on social media sites, but do not make comments or post anything on your children’s whereabouts online. 5.. And also tell them why it’s a bad idea to share it online.

A. Know your kids’ online world.

B. But that doesn’t mean you can do nothing.

C. Remind your kids of the seriousness of cyberbullying.

D. Make sure your kids figure out what to do about it.

E. Talk to them about the importance of private information.

F. So if you know how to deal with it, things will get much better.

G. Keep the computer in a public place and set limits on the use of cell phones.

高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

__________ the students are doing their maths exercises with the help of the teacher.

高二英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

Teenagers who check social media for several hours a day are at the risk ofdeveloping ADHD (多动症), a study has concluded.

The research team, from the University of Southern California, tracked 2,600teenagers aged 15 and 16. They asked them how many times they checked theirphones and other digital devices for various reasons, and then monitored them for symptoms of ADHD. After two years, those who had checked their phones the mostoften were twice as likely as those who checked the least often to show signs ofADHD.

Writing in the JAMA medical journal, the scientists said, “Modern mediadevices immediately inform users when new text messages, social media postings, or videogame play invitations arrive. Exposure to such information may drawattention away from important tasks. Frequent distraction could interrupt thedevelopment of constant attention and organization skills.”

They believe constant access to instant entertainment also has an impact. Researcher Professor Adam Leventhal said all previous research had focused on the link between ADHD and televisions. “What’s new is that previous studies on thistopic were done many years ago, when social media, mobile phones, tablets andmobile apps didn’t exist. We can say with confidence that teens who are exposedto higher levels of digital media are significantly more likely to develop ADHDsymptoms in the future,” he said.

Leventhal believes the findings help fill a gap in understanding how newmobile media devices and seemingly limitless content pose a mental health risk forchildren. And the findings serve as a warning.

British scientists welcomed the findings. But Professor Andy Przybylski of theOxford Internet Institute said, “The study relies on survey responses provided bythe students in question. It is not clear if teachers or parents would rate the childrensimilarly or if the self-reported measure of digital screen use is related with eitheractual behavior or higher quality survey items.”

1.How did the researchers conduct the study?

A.By monitoring 2,600 teenagers with ADHD.

B.By tracking the participants for two years.

C.By analyzing data from previous researches online.

D.By controlling different teens’ time spent on social media.

2.What does Leventhal think of the exposure to higher levels of digital media?

A.It will cause diverse ADHD symptoms.

B.It will create higher ADHD risks.

C.It will weaken teenagers’ confidence.

D.It will have a major influence on organization skills.

3.What does Professor Andy Przybylski think of the study?

A.It provides a better understanding of the media.

B.It should have focused on parents’ responses.

C.Its findings are not reliable enough.

D.It’s a breakthrough in this field.

4.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A.The use of digital media is on the rise

B.Teens are increasingly exposed to ADHD

C.Heavy use of social media may increase ADHD risks

D.Teens’ exposure to modern media calls more attention

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

If you want to talk with the manager, you have to wait for 　　　　 twenty minutes.

A. another　　　　 　 B. other

C. others　　　　　　 D. the other

高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Kendall Ciesemier is the founder of charity Kids Caring 4 Kids, an organization she created after seeing a show on the difficult situation of AIDS orphans (孤儿) in Africa. Ciesemier was inspired to try to change the lives of those affected by AIDS and to encourage other children to do the same. She tells us of the power her personal story has in showing others they too can make a difference.

You saw Oprah’s show on AIDS orphans when you were 11 — do you remember how you felt?

When I saw the show I was shocked. I had never heard of AIDS before and was concerned that kids were growing up without parents and no one had troubled to ask for my help.

I wanted to create a place for kids to get involved and a place where their small contributions would be valued and celebrated. I also felt that I needed to take immediate action myself. I found an orphan sponsorship (赞助) program online and an eight-year-old girl from Mauritania who needed my help. I started there and Kids Caring 4 Kids grew from that experience.

How has your own illness inspired you to help others?

Growing up with a rare liver (肝脏) disease made me feel different, which I think attracted me to others who were different and those struggling with something. I knew how I felt and I wanted to help reduce that feeling in someone else. I always wanted to support people. Growing up with an illness gave me empathy (移情) for others.

How does your own story inspire others?

My own personal story is evidence that people can give from anywhere. I started Kids Caring 4 Kids from a hospital room. I started by helping one person and it snowballed from there. When I share my story, I think that’s what affects people the most — the fact that I started all of this during a time of personal struggle and weakness. If I could do that, then they can do something too.

1.According to the text, Kendall Ciesemier.

A. hosted a show on the situation in Africa

B. was affected by AIDS and a liver disease

C. made an effort to help African AIDS orphans

D. earned lots of money from Kids Caring 4 Kids

2.What made Ciesemier create Kids Caring 4 Kids?

A. Her experience in Africa.

B. Living with a liver disease.

C. Watching Oprah’s show on AIDS orphans.

D. Her work with an orphan sponsorship program.

3.Ciesemier’s own illness .

A. caused her to lose some close friends

B. made her discouraged and less enthusiastic

C. kept her away from those who were different

D. helped her easily understand other patients’ feelings

高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

Exercise may help to safeguard the mind against depression(沮丧) through previously unknown effects on working muscles, according to a new study involving mice.

Mental health experts have long been aware that even mild, repeated stress can contribute to the development of depression and other mood disorders in animals and people. Scientists have also known that exercise seems to cushion against depression. But precisely how exercise, a physical activity can reduce someone’s risk for depression, a mood state, has been mysterious. So for the new study, researchers at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm studied the brains and behavior of mice in a complicated and novel fashion.

We can’t ask mice if they are feeling cheerful or in low spirits. Instead, researchers have pictured certain behaviors that indicate depression in mice. If animals lose weight, stop seeking out a sugar solution when it’s available — because, probably, they no longer experience normal pleasures — or give up trying to escape from the cold-water zone just freeze in place, they are categorized as depressed. And in the new experiment, after five weeks of frequent but low-level stress, such as being lightly shocked, mice displayed exactly those behaviors. They became depressed.

The scientists could then have tested whether exercise blunts (延缓) the risk of developing depression after stress by having mice run first. But, frankly, from earlier research, they wanted to know how, so they bred pre-exercised mice. A wealth of earlier research by these scientists and others had shown that aerobic exercise, in both mice and people, increases the production within muscles of an enzyme (酶) called PGC-1alpha. The Karolinska scientists suspected（怀疑） that this enzyme somehow creates conditions within the body that protect the brain against depression. Then, the scientists exposed the animals, which without exercising, were in high levels of PGC-1alpha to five weeks of mild stress. The mice responded with slight symptoms of worry. But they did not develop depression. They continued to seek out sugar and fought to get out of the cold-water zone. Their high levels of PGC-1alpha appeared to make them depression-resistant（抵抗的）. Finally, to ensure that these findings are relevant to people, the researchers had a group of adult volunteers complete three weeks of frequent endurance training, consisting of 40 to 50 minutes of moderate cycling or jogging. The scientists conducted muscle biopsies (活体检查) before and after the program and found that by the end of the three weeks, the volunteers’ muscle cells contained substantially more PGC-1alpha than at the study’s start.

The finding of these results, in the simplest terms, is that “you reduce the risk of getting depression when you exercise,” said Maria Lindskog, a researcher at the Karolinska Institute.

1.The researchers at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm conducted the new study hoping to know ________.

A. if exercise cushions against depression

B. what can lead to depression in animals and people

C. if stress can contribute to the development of depression

D. how exercise contributes to reducing someone’s risk for depression

2.We can infer from the new experiment conducted by researchers at the Karolinska Institute that mice are depressed except when ________.

A. they attempt to escape from the cold-water zone

B. they stop searching for the sugar water

C. they stand still in place

D. they can’t experience normal pleasures any longer

3.Researchers asked a group of adult volunteers to complete three weeks of frequent endurance training in order to ________.

A. know if exercise can help to safeguard the mind against depression

B. know if they can endure 40 to 50 minutes of moderate cycling or jogging

C. ensure they can lose weight after moderate cycling or jogging

D. confirm the findings above are also relevant to people

4.It can be concluded from the passage that ________.

A. the mice with high levels of PGC-1alpha are easier to develop depression

B. athletes are more likely to develop depression than ordinary people

C. the enzyme called PGC-1alpha helps to reduce depression

D. in the past mental health specialists didn’t know exercise could help reduce depression

高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

Exercise may help to safeguard the mind against depression through previously unknown effects on working muscles, according to a new study involving mice.

Mental health experts have long been aware that even mild, repeated stress can contribute to the development of depression and other mood disorders in animals and people. Scientists have also known that exercise seems to cushion against depression. But precisely how exercise, a physical activity can lessen someone’s risk for depression, a mood state, has been mysterious. So for the new study, researchers at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm studied the brains and behavior of mice in a complicated and novel fashion.

We can’t ask mice if they are feeling cheerful or in low spirits. Instead, researchers have pictured certain behaviors that indicate depression in mice. If animals lose weight, stop seeking out a sugar solution when it’s available — because, probably, they no longer experience normal pleasures — or give up trying to escape from the cold-water zone just freeze in place, they are categorized as depressed. And in the new experiment, after five weeks of frequent but low-level stress, such as being lightly shocked, mice displayed exactly those behaviors. They became depressed.

The scientists could then have tested whether exercise blunts (延缓) the risk of developing depression after stress by having mice run first. But, frankly, from earlier research, they wanted to know how, so they bred pre-exercised mice. A wealth of earlier research by these scientists and others had shown that aerobic exercise, in both mice and people, increases the production within muscles of an enzyme (酶) called PGC-1alpha. The Karolinska scientists suspected that this enzyme somehow creates conditions within the body that protect the brain against depression. Then, the scientists exposed the animals, which without exercising, were in high levels of PGC-1alpha to five weeks of mild stress. The mice responded with slight symptoms of worry. But they did not develop depression. They continued to seek out sugar and fought to get out of the cold-water zone. Their high levels of PGC-1alpha appeared to make them depression-resistant. Finally, to ensure that these findings are relevant to people, the researchers had a group of adult volunteers complete three weeks of frequent endurance training, consisting of 40 to 50 minutes of moderate cycling or jogging. The scientists conducted muscle biopsies (活体检查) before and after the program and found that by the end of the three weeks, the volunteers’ muscle cells contained substantially more PGC-1alpha than at the study’s start. The finding of these results, in the simplest terms, is that “you reduce the risk of getting depression when you exercise,” said Maria Lindskog, a researcher at the Karolinska Institute.

1.The researchers at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm conducted the new study hoping to know______.

A. if exercise cushions against depression

B. what can lead to depression in animals and people

C. if stress can contribute to the development of depression

D. how exercise contributes to reducing someone’s risk for depression

2.We can infer from the new experiment conducted by researchers at the Karolinska Institute that mice are depressed except when ______.

A. they stand still in place

B. they stop searching for the sugar water

C. they attempt to escape from the cold-water zone

D. they can’t experience normal pleasures any longer

3.Researchers asked a group of adult volunteers to complete three weeks of frequent endurance training in order to ______.

A. know if exercise can help to safeguard the mind against depression

B. know if they can endure 40 to 50 minutes of moderate cycling or jogging

C. confirm the findings above are also relevant to people

D. ensure they can lose weight after moderate cycling or jogging

4.It can be concluded from the passage that______.

A. the enzyme called PGC-1alpha helps to ease depression

B. athletes are more likely to develop depression than ordinary people

C. the mice with high levels of PGC-1alpha are easier to develop depression

D. in the past mental health specialists didn’t know exercise could help reduce depression

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析