Tell a child they need to experience another ...

Tell a child they need to experience another painful medical procedure, and you’ll probably have a kid filled with fear and anxiety. Tell that same child they’ll have a chance to strike flying cheeseburgers in outer space while their doctor works on them, and they might feel a little different.

That night-and-day difference in how kids respond to the treatment of their doctors is the reason for Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford’s innovative use of virtual reality technology. Packard Children’s lets kids participate in experiences that can significantly reduce their anxiety — and even their pain.

This isn’t the first time Packard Children’s has introduced those innovative methods. In 2015, Thomas Caruso, M.D., the founder of Packard Children’s Childhood Anxiety Reduction through Innovation and Technology (CHARIOT) program, introduced the Bedside Entertainment and Relaxation Theater (BERT). The system projects videos on a large screen attached to patients’ gurneys(装有轮子的床) so they can watch movies and music videos all the way to the operating room. And in early 2017, CHARIOT launched an interactive video game called Sevo the Dragon, which projects on the BERT screen, so the tiniest patients have something fun to do while breathing medicine through a mask.

“Children shouldn’t grow up being afraid to go to the doctor to have a shot, but certain experiences can cause strong unreasonable fear that last into adulthood. Needle phobia(晕针) is a common example of that, and it is the primary reason adults avoid important immunizations(免疫) like flu shots.” Caruso told Stanford Medicine News Center.

VR distraction therapy is being used for kids at Packard Children’s as young as age 6 in specific areas like the emergency department, and the tool will be widely used in all of the Children’s Health’s surgery clinics by the end of 2020.

1.What is paragraph 1 mainly about?

A.Doctors’ favor of eating cheeseburgers.

B.Kids’ fear and anxiety towards doctors.

C.Doctors’ working on saving the children.

D.Kids’ different reactions to medical treatment.

2.What is the purpose of the CHARIOT program?

A.To ease the patients’ worries.

B.To introduce a new technology.

C.To help children to breathe medicine.

D.To show advertisements to the patients.

3.What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4?

A.A kind of flu. B.The fear of needle for no reason.

C.The immune system. D.A kind of medicine for children.

4.The VR therapy offers __________ experiences to the patients.

A.disappointing B.conventional

C.relaxing D.unreasonable

高三英语阅读选择简单题查看答案及解析

When my 8-month-old cries, I ask him if he’s hungry, or wet or just needs a hug.

“Babububuu,” he says.

What I need is a baby cry translator. That’s just what a team of researchers say they’ve developed.

“Experienced nurses or pediatricians (儿科医师) can identify why baby is crying because they have experience, says Lichuan Liu, a professor of electrical engineering at Northern Illinois University, who conducted the research.” We talked to them, and they mentioned that based on the cry’s’ sound there’re’ some clues (线索).”

So Liu set out to identify the features of cries that can help mark them as expressions of pain or discomfort. These features include differences in pitch (音高) and frequency. The team then developed an algorithm (算法) based on automatic speech recognition to detect and identify these features. This “cry language recognition algorithm” was trained on recordings of baby cries taken from a hospital. It uses compressed sensing, a process that reconstructs a signal based on incomplete data. It can identify a baby cry against a background of, say, adult speech or loud television sounds. By classifying different cry features, like pitch, the algorithm can suggest whether the cry is due to sickness or pain, and identify the degree of urgency.

The team had experienced pediatric care providers assess forty-eight baby cry recordings for probable cause of crying hunger, tiredness, etc. They then compared these to the algorithm’s assessments. The algorithm agreed with the humans 70% of the time. Generally, so-called “uncommon cry signals”—signs of pain or sickness—are high-pitched and very loud compared to ordinary crying.

Liu and her team continue to train the technology for greater accuracy. They also plan to add more features, like the ability to identify and classify movement and facial expressions. This could help give more detailed reading of baby’s emotional (情感的) and physical state. They also hope to begin human trials in the near future.

1.The author mentions the 8-month-old child to ________.

A.draw attention to baby cries B.prove baby cries are common

C.lead in a translator for baby cries D.show the use of cry translators

2.What inspired Lichuan Liu’s idea of doing the study?

A.Pediatric care workers’ words. B.The pediatricians’ strong requests.

C.Her own nursing experiences. D.Her doubts about the previous research.

3.What did the researchers do in the study?

A.They collected baby cries from big hospitals.

B.They got 48 baby cry recordings evaluated.

C.They created an automatic speech recognition.

D.They analyzed cry features with compressed sensing.

4.What can we know about Liu’s cry language recognition algorithm?

A.It has been widely used in daily life.

B.It’s mainly meant for hungry cry signals.

C.It has been proved effective on babies.

D.It’s only been tested on recorded cries now.

高三英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析

A walk through the galleries of Quebec's Montreal Museum of Fine Arts (MMFA) places individuals face-to-face with some 43,000 artworks ranging from Chinese ceramics (陶瓷制品) to Inuit sculpture.

While the visiting is an incredible cultural experience, a group of local physicians will soon be able to prescribe(开处方) museum visits as treatment for some illnesses.

Hélène Boyer, vice president of a Montreal-based medical association, explains that museum visits have been shown to increase levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter (神经传导物质) known as the "happy chemical" which helps to lift mood.

According to Boyer, the small increase in hormones(荷尔蒙)associated with enjoying an afternoon of art is similar to that offered by exercise, making museum prescriptions ideal for the elderly experiencing pain that prevents them from regularly joining in physical activity.

The museum visits are designed to improve traditional methods. As Bondil notes, spending time in a peaceful environment can provide a welcome distraction. "What is most important is this experience can help them escape from their own pain," she says. "When you enter the museum, you escape from the speed of our daily life."

"I am convinced that in the 21st century, culture will be what physical activity was for health in the 20th century," said Bondil. " Some people would do well to recall that just in the 19th century, sports were believed to do harm to the body. Just as doctors now prescribe exercise, they will be able to prescribe a visit to the MMFA."

1.What does Hélène Boyer think of museum visits?

A.They can cheer people up. B.They can reduce physical activity.

C.They can slow down our life pace. D.They can increase levels of art appreciation.

2.How do museum visits affect people?

A.Stop them concentrating on pain.

B.Stop them focusing on traditional methods.

C.Encourage them not to be absent-minded.

D.Encourage them to slow their steps while walking.

3.What does the last paragraph suggest?

A.Physical activities were popular in the 19th century.

B.Sports are considered to be harmful to the body.

C.Ideas of treating illnesses are changing over time.

D.Doctors prescribe museum visits regularly now.

4.What is the main idea of the text?

A.Museum visits are ideal for the elderly. B.Happy chemical helps to lift mood.

C.Peaceful environment helps escape pain. D.Cultural activities will promote health

高三英语阅读选择困难题查看答案及解析

After the surgery, Sun suffered intense pain, but insisted that he didn‟t need any medication. One evening, he found Law, his wife, crying on the balcony of their apartment in a rare outburst of frustration. “If you won‟t help yourself, no one else can,” she said.

Sun started a list “How to Help Myself”, and on it he wrote, “Keep communicating with the doctors, even if they are darker thoughts.” On Oct. 20th, a few days before his 33 birthday, Sun wrote in a Facebook post, “It‟s been hard to get along with having aggressive and incurable Grade 4 brain cancer; it‟s been hard not to get angry and sad about it; it‟s been frustrating that every pathology(病理)test after my surgery came back with the worst possible result; and it‟s been hard to accept that modern medicine isn‟t able to fix me.” At the same time, he wrote, “Every day I wake up not-dead is a gift.”

Sun and Law had other lists, detailing the things that they hoped to accomplish in life, which included a trip to Wimbledon; climbing Mt. Snowdon in Wales; and a range of musical aspirations(愿望)----from learning the Bach sonatas(奏鸣曲)and partitas(变奏曲)to performing the first violin part in a concert. Sun started working on Bach‟s six sonatas and partitas for unaccompanied violin, the most difficult parts, which George Enescu, a world-famous violinist, once described as the Himalayas for violinists. Sun practiced every day, even if he could manage only fifteen minutes between medical treatments. As he mastered each piece, he posted his performances on Facebook. He finished on November 12th, then turned to the even more difficult Paganini caprices(随想曲), which he had often listened to in a recording by Itzhak Perlman. “It‟s something I always wanted to play when I grew up, like wanting to be great baseball player,” he said.

1.Law cried on the balcony because .

A. she suffered great pain from the Grade 4 brain cancer

B. Sun refused to get medical treatment after the surgery

C. nobody else wanted to help them out of the situation

D. no money was left to pay for Sun‟s the medical treatment

2.Which of the following can best describe Sun‟s feeling when he wrote “Every day I wake up not-dead is a gift.”?

A. grateful　　 B. sad　　 C. frustrated　　 D. determined

3.The couple‟s list of things they hoped to accomplish in life included .

A. playing tennis in Wimbledon　　 B. cycling in Mt. Snowdon in Wales

C. learning Mozart‟s sonatas and partitas　　 D. playing the first violin part in a concert

4.In the last paragraph, Bach‟s six sonatas and partitas is compared to the Himalayas for violinist to stress.

A. its popularity among people　　 B. its value for learners

C. its difficulty when being learned　　 D. its importance in violists‟ eyes

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Nowadays more people are advised to arrange for insurance_____they need medical care.

A. in order                           B. in need

C. in case                            D. in hope

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

August 1990,Boston

Dear Maya Shao-ming,

To me,June 6,1990 is a special day.My long-awaited dream came true the minute your father cried,“A girl!” You are more than just a second child,more than just a girl to match our boy.You,little daughter,are the link to our female line,the legacy of another woman’s pain and sacrifice 31 years ago.

Let me tell you about your Chinese grandmother.Somewhere in Hong Kong,in the late fifties,a young waitress found herself pregnant(怀孕)by a cook,probably a co-worker at her restaurant.She carried the baby to term,suffered to give it birth,and kept the little girl for the first three months of her life.I like to think that my mother—your grandmother—loved me and fought to raise me on her own,but that the daily struggle was too hard.Worn down by the demands of the new baby and perhaps the constant threat of starvation,she made the painful decision to give away her girl so that both of us might have a chance for a better life.

More likely,I was dropped at the orphanage(孤儿院)steps or somewhere else.I will probably never know the truth.Having a baby in her unmarried state would have brought shame on the family in China,so she probably kept my existence a secret.Once I was out of her life,it was as if I had never been born.And so you and your brother and I are the missing leaves on a family tree.

Do they ever wonder if we exist?

Before I was two,I was adopted by an Anglo couple.Fed three square meals a day,I grew like a wild weed and grasped all the opportunities they had to offer—books,music,education,church life and community activities.In a family of blue-eyed blonds,though,I stood out like a sore thumb.Whether from jealousy or fear of someone who looked so different,my older brothers sometimes teased me about my unpleasing skin,or made fun of my clumsy walk.Moody and impatient,burdened by fears that none of us realized resulted from my early years of need,I was not an easy child to love.My mother and I conflicted countless times over the years,but gradually came to see one another as real human beings with faults and talents,and as women of strength in our own right.Lacking a mirror image in the mother who raised me,I had to seek my identity as a woman on my own.The Asian American community has helped me regain my double identity.

But part of me will always be missing:my beginnings,my personal history,all the delicate details that give a person her origin.Nevertheless,someone gave me a lucky name“Siu Wai”.“Siu”means“little”,and“Wai”means“clever”.Therefore,my baby name was“Clever little one.”Who chose those words?Who cared enough to note my arrival in the world?

I lost my Chinese name for 18 years.It was Americanized for convenience to“Sue”.But like an ill-fitting coat,it made me uncomfortable.I hated the name.But even more,I hated being Chinese.It took many years to become proud of my Asian origin and work up the courage to take back my birth-name.That,plus a little knowledge of classroom Cantonese is all the Chinese culture I have to offer you.Not white,certainly,but not really Asian,I try to pave the way between the two worlds and bridge the gap for you.Your name,“Shao-ming”,is very much like mine—“Shao”means“little”.And“ming”is“bright”,as in a shining sun or moon.Whose lives will you brighten,little Maya?Your past is more complete than mine,and each day I cradle you in your babyhood,generously giving you the loving care I lacked for my first two years.When I pat you,I comfort the lost baby inside me who still cries for her mother.

Sweet Maya,it doesn’t matter what you“become”later on.You have already fulfilled my wildest dreams.

I love you.

Mammy

1.Why is June 6,1990 a special day for Mommy?

A.Her dream of being a mother came true.

B.She found her origin from her Chinese mother.

C.She wrote the letter to her daughter.

D.Her female line was well linked.

2.How does Mommy feel about her being given away?

A.It is bitter and disappointing.

B.It is painful but understandable.

C.She feels sorry but sympathetic.

D.She feels hurt and angry.

3.What does“I stood out like a sore thumb”in Paragraph 5 mean?

A.I walked clumsily out of pains.

B.I was not easy to love due to jealousy.

C.I was impatient out of fear.

D.I looked different from others.

4.What can be inferred from Mommy’s Anglo family life?

A.She used to experience an identity crisis.

B.She fought against her American identity.

C.She forgot the pains of her early years.

D.She kept her love for Asia from childhood.

高三英语阅读选择困难题查看答案及解析

Being hospitalized can be a very annoying and painful experience for a child. _____ ,this is about to change thanks to a dad from North Carolina named Kevin Gatlin.

Gatlin was visiting a friend's child in the hospital when he _____thinking about how his own child would handle in _____circumstances. The inventive dad and his wife put their ____together to try and come up with a fun, interactive(互动的)way to keep children ____while they were being hospitalized.

After his wife _____that they often played board games and did homework on the largest piece of furniture in the home-the bed, Gatlin came up with the______of creating bed sheets with colorful board games and educational tables______on them. Fortunately he could______his mom and several teachers, to discuss the best amusing and educational games to include in the______. Two years later Playtime Edventures came to light.

“We put together bedsheets and slumber(睡袋) bags that______everything from Geography, Math, Science, Grammar, over-sized game boards...all on a three-piece set,”Gatlin explained to News West9.

With his______for kids as a driving force, Gatlin wants to see his bedsheets used in all______, It's certainly not about the______though. “You are a(n)_____and you have to make money. There're a lot of ups and downs-but when you notice a child using your______for what it's meant for, that's______,”he explains.

People are now ordering bedsheets online and_____them to hospitals. Then once the children are due to return home, hospitals often______them to bring their bedding with them to use while they continue______at home.

1.A.Hopefully B.Accidentally C.Thankfully D.Unexpectedly

2.A.enjoyed B.tried C.kept D.began

3.A.special B.similar C.familiar D.dangerous

4.A.hearts B.hands C.heads D.shoulders

5.A.amused B.peaceful C.patient D.touched

6.A.put down B.got across C.figured out D.pointed out

7.A.benefit B.principle C.idea D.skill

8.A.printed B.published C.pressed D.inserted

9.A.interview B.invite C.join D.consult

10.A.models B.designs C.styles D.patterns

11.A.store B.match C.cover D.inspect

12.A.love B.demand C.preparation D.sympathy

13.A.families B.camps C.theaters D.hospitals

14.A.regret B.profit C.reward D.struggle

15.A.adult B.inventor C.parent D.businessman

16.A.present B.instruction C.product D.service

17.A.priceless B.unique C.worthless D.different

18.A.attaching B.donating C.spraying D.recommending

19.A.allow B.request C.trouble D.persuade

20.A.studying B.recovering C.playing D.staying

高三英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

August 1990, Boston

Dear Maya Shao-ming,

To me, June 6, 1990 is a special day. My long-awaited dream came true the minute your father cried, “A girl!” You are more than just a second child, more than just a girl to match our boy. You, little daughter, are the link to our female line, the legacy of another woman’s pain and sacrifice 31 years ago.

Let me tell you about your Chinese grandmother. Somewhere in Hong Kong, in the late fifties, a young waitress found herself pregnant (怀孕) by a cook, probably a co-worker at her restaurant. She carried the baby to term, suffered to give it birth, and kept the little girl for the first three months of her life. I like to think that my mother—your grandmother—loved me and fought to raise me on her own, but that the daily struggle was too hard. Worn down by the demands of the new baby and perhaps the constant threat of starvation, she made the painful decision to give away her girl so that both of us might have a chance for a better life.

More likely, I was dropped at the orphanage (孤儿院) steps or somewhere else. I will probably never know the truth. Having a baby in her unmarried state would have brought shame on the family in China, so she probably kept my existence a secret. Once I was out of her life, it was as if I had never been born. And so you and your brother and I are the missing leaves on a family tree.

Do they ever wonder if we exist?

Before I was two, I was adopted by an Anglo couple. Fed three square meals a day, I grew like a wild weed and grasped all the opportunities they had to offer—books, music, education, church life and community activities. In a family of blue-eyed blonds, though, I stood out like a sore thumb. Whether from jealousy or fear of someone who looked so different, my older brothers sometimes teased me about my unpleasing skin, or made fun of my clumsy walk. Moody and impatient, burdened by fears that none of us realized resulted from my early years of need, I was not an easy child to love. My mother and I conflicted countless times over the years, but gradually came to see one another as real human beings with faults and talents, and as women of strength in our own right. Lacking a mirror image in the mother who raised me, I had to seek my identity as a woman on my own. The Asian American community has helped me regain my double identity.

But part of me will always be missing: my beginnings, my personal history, all the delicate details that give a person her origin. Nevertheless, someone gave me a lucky name “Siu Wai”. “Siu” means “little”, and “Wai” means “clever”. Therefore, my baby name was “Clever little one.” Who chose those words? Who cared enough to note my arrival in the world?

I lost my Chinese name for 18 years. It was Americanized for convenience to “Sue”. But like an ill-fitting coat, it made me uncomfortable. I hated the name. But even more, I hated being Chinese. It took many years to become proud of my Asian origin and work up the courage to take back my birth-name. That, plus a little knowledge of classroom Cantonese is all the Chinese culture I have to offer you. Not white, certainly, but not really Asian, I try to pave the way between the two worlds and bridge the gap for you. Your name, “Shao-ming”, is very much like mine—“Shao” means “little”. And “ming” is “bright”, as in a shining sun or moon. Whose lives will you brighten, little Maya? Your past is more complete than mine, and each day I cradle you in your babyhood, generously giving you the loving care I lacked for my first two years. When I pat you, I comfort the lost baby inside me who still cries for her mother.

Sweet Maya, it doesn’t matter what you “become” later on. You have already fulfilled my wildest dreams.

I love you.

Mammy

1.Why is June 6, 1990 a special day for Mommy?

A.Her dream of being a mother came true. B.She found her origin from her Chinese mother.

C.She wrote the letter to her daughter. D.Her female line was well linked.

2.How does Mommy feel about her being given away?

A.It is bitter and disappointing. B.It is painful but understandable.

C.She feels sorry but sympathetic. D.She feels hurt and angry.

3.What does “I stood out like a sore thumb” in Paragraph 5 mean?

A.I walked clumsily out of pains. B.I was not easy to love due to jealousy.

C.I was impatient out of fear. D.I looked different from others.

4.What can be inferred from Mommy’s Anglo family life?

A.She used to experience an identity crisis. B.She fought against her American identity.

C.She forgot the pains of her early years. D.She kept her love for Asia from childhood.

5.Why did Mommy name her daughter “Shao-ming”?

A.To match her own birth-name. B.To brighten the lives of the family.

C.To identify her with Chinese origin. D.To justify her pride in Chinese culture.

6.By “Your past is more complete than mine,” Mommy means______.

A.her past was completed earlier than Shao-ming’s

B.Shao-ming has got motherly care and a sense of roots

C.her mother didn’t comfort her the way she did Shao-ming

D.her past was spent brokenly, first in Asia, then in the US

高三英语阅读选择困难题查看答案及解析

Usually pilots need about a decade of experience _______ they can be promoted to captain.

A. after     B. before         C. then      D. when

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Animals are more like us than we ever imagined．They feel pain, they experience stress, they show affection, excitement and love．All these findings have been made by scientists in recent years---and such results are beginning to change how we view animals.

Strangely enough, some of this research was sponsored by fast food companies like McDonald’s and KFC．Pressured by animal rights groups , these companies felt they had to fund scientists researching the emotional and mental states of animals.

McDonald’s, for instance, funded studies on pig behavior at Purdue University, Indiana．This research found that pigs seek affection and easily become depressed if left alone or prevented from playing with each other．If they become depressed, they soon become physically ill．Because of this, and other similar studies, the European Union has banned the use of isolating pig stalls from 2010．In Germany, the government is encouraging pig farmers to give each pig 20 seconds of human contact a day, and to provide them with toys to prevent them from fighting

Other scientists have shown that animals think and behave like humans．Koko, the 300-pound gorilla at the Gorilla Foundation in Northern California, for instance, has been taught sign language．Koko can now understand several thousand English words, more than many humans who speak English as a second language．On human IQ tests, she scores between 70 and 95.

Before such experiments, humans thought language skills were absent from the animal kingdom．Other myths are also being overturned, like the belief that animals lack self-awareness．Studies have also shown that animals mourn their dead, and that they play for pleasure.

These striking similarities between animal and human behavior have led some to ask a question: “If you believe in evolution, how can’t you believe that animals have feelings that human  beings have?”

Until recently, scientists believed that animals behaved by instinct and that what appeared to be learned behavior was merely genetically-programmed activity．But as Koko the Gorilla shows, this is not the case．In fact, learning is passed from parent to offspring far more often than not in the animal kingdom.

So what implications does this knowledge have for humans? Because of this, should we ban hunting and animal testing? Should we close zoos? Such questions are being raised by many academics and politicians．Harvard and 25 other American law schools have introduced courses on animal rights．Germany meanwhile, recently guaranteed animal rights in its constitution---the first country to do so.

1.McDonald’s and KFC give money to support scientist to do research on animals, because_____

2.The research on pigs at Purdue University shows that______

3.Which of the following statements is NOT true?

4.Should we ban hunting and animal testing?

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析