Speaking two languages can actually help reduce some effects of aging on the brain, a new study has found.
Researchers tested how long participants needed to _______ from one cognitive (认知) task to another, something that’s known to _______ longer for older adults, said lead researcher, Brain Gold, an expert at the University of Kentucky, “It has great effects these days because our population is _______ gradually,” Gold said. “Seniors are _______ longer, and that’s a good thing, but it’s only a good thing _______ a certain degree that their brains are _______.”
Gold’s team compared task-switching of younger and older _______, knowing they would find slower speeds in the _______ population because of previous studies. _______, they found that older adults who spoke two languages were able to switch mental gear (齿轮) ________ than those who didn’t.
First, Gold and his team ________ 30 people, who were either bilingual (双语的) ________ monolingual (单语的), to look at a series of colored shapes and ________ with the name of each shape by pushing a button. Then, they ________ the participants with a similar series of colored shapes and asked them to respond with what ________ the shapes were by pushing a button. The bilingual people had the ________ to respond faster to the shifting prompts (提示).
Researchers then gathered 80 more people for a second ________; 40 bilinguals and 40 monolinguals. This time, researchers used FMRI machines to ________ brain activity during the same shape-and color-identifying ________. Gold and his team found that bilingual people had different brain activity than their monolingual peers.
“Learning a second language in childhood was thought of as ________,” Gold said. “Actually, it’s beneficial.”
1.A. switch B. perform C. jump D. transport
2.A. hold B. spend C. last D. take
3.A. increasing B. aging C. growing D. exploding
4.A. surviving B. staying C. living D. expecting
5.A. with B. in C. at D. to
6.A. powerful B. healthy C. sensitive D. special
7.A. adults B. researchers C. leaders D. seniors
8.A. random B. ordinary C. older D. younger
9.A. Thus B. Otherwise C. Besides D. However
10.A. faster B. slower C. longer D. better
11.A. paid B. asked C. promised D. forced
12.A. yet B. nor C. or D. and
13.A. remember B. realize C. recall D. reply
14.A. presented B. rewarded C. assisted D. treated
15.A. forms B. types C. colors D. sizes
16.A. right B. ability C. opportunity D. determination
17.A. experiment B. conclusion C. lesson D. task
18.A. recognize B. improve C. make D. record
19.A. tools B. scores C. tasks D. games
20.A. useless B. reasonable C. simple D. interesting
高三英语完形填空困难题
Speaking two languages can actually help reduce some effects of aging on the brain, a new study has found.
Researchers tested how long participants needed to _______ from one cognitive (认知) task to another, something that’s known to _______ longer for older adults, said lead researcher, Brain Gold, an expert at the University of Kentucky, “It has great effects these days because our population is _______ gradually,” Gold said. “Seniors are _______ longer, and that’s a good thing, but it’s only a good thing _______ a certain degree that their brains are _______.”
Gold’s team compared task-switching of younger and older _______, knowing they would find slower speeds in the _______ population because of previous studies. _______, they found that older adults who spoke two languages were able to switch mental gear (齿轮) ________ than those who didn’t.
First, Gold and his team ________ 30 people, who were either bilingual (双语的) ________ monolingual (单语的), to look at a series of colored shapes and ________ with the name of each shape by pushing a button. Then, they ________ the participants with a similar series of colored shapes and asked them to respond with what ________ the shapes were by pushing a button. The bilingual people had the ________ to respond faster to the shifting prompts (提示).
Researchers then gathered 80 more people for a second ________; 40 bilinguals and 40 monolinguals. This time, researchers used FMRI machines to ________ brain activity during the same shape-and color-identifying ________. Gold and his team found that bilingual people had different brain activity than their monolingual peers.
“Learning a second language in childhood was thought of as ________,” Gold said. “Actually, it’s beneficial.”
1.A. switch B. perform C. jump D. transport
2.A. hold B. spend C. last D. take
3.A. increasing B. aging C. growing D. exploding
4.A. surviving B. staying C. living D. expecting
5.A. with B. in C. at D. to
6.A. powerful B. healthy C. sensitive D. special
7.A. adults B. researchers C. leaders D. seniors
8.A. random B. ordinary C. older D. younger
9.A. Thus B. Otherwise C. Besides D. However
10.A. faster B. slower C. longer D. better
11.A. paid B. asked C. promised D. forced
12.A. yet B. nor C. or D. and
13.A. remember B. realize C. recall D. reply
14.A. presented B. rewarded C. assisted D. treated
15.A. forms B. types C. colors D. sizes
16.A. right B. ability C. opportunity D. determination
17.A. experiment B. conclusion C. lesson D. task
18.A. recognize B. improve C. make D. record
19.A. tools B. scores C. tasks D. games
20.A. useless B. reasonable C. simple D. interesting
高三英语完形填空困难题查看答案及解析
E
Speaking two languages can actually help offset(抵消) some effects of aging on the brain, a new study has found,
Researchers tested how long it took participants to switch from one cognitive(认知的) task to another, something that-s known to take longer for older adults, said lead researcher, Brian Gold, a neuroscientist at the University of Kentucky.
Gold’s team compared task-switching speeds for younger and older adults, knowing they would find slower speeds in the older population because of previous studies. However, they found that older adults who spoke two languages were able to switch mental activities faster than those didn’t . The study only looked at life long bilinguals(会说两种语言的人) defined in study as people speaking a second language daily since they were at least 10 years old.
Gold and his team asked 30 people, either bilingual or monolingual(只僮一种语言 人) , to have a series of tests. They found that bilingual people were not only able to switch tasks faster they had different brain activity than their monolingual peers.
Kristina called bilingualism "a beautiful natural experiment”, because people grow up speaking two languages,and studies have shown that they get certain cognitive benefits from switching between languages and determining which to respond with based on what's going on around them.
Gold said he grew up in Montreal, where he spoke French at school and English at home, prompting relatives to question whether his French language immersion would somehow hinder his ability to learn English.
"Until very recently, learning a second language in childhood was thought of as dangerous," he said. "Actually, it's beneficial. "
1.What-s the main idea of the passage?
A. Researchers found that speaking two languages is important.
B. Researchers found that bilingual people respond slowly.
C. Researchers found that bilingual people can slow down the speed or aging on the brain and respond fast.
D. Researchers found that bilingual people are great.
2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Older bilinguals can-t respond faster in mind.
B. Older adults speaking a second language daily since they were at least 10 years old can respond faster than those who don't
C. Young bilinguals can respond faster in mind than those monolinguals.
D. Bilingual children respond slower in mind than those monolinguals.
3.Kristina called bilingualism "a beautif'ul natural experiment" because
A. people grow up, benefiting from speaking two languages
B. people speaking two languages are natural
C. people speaking two languages are beautiful
D. people speaking two languages like the experiment
4.We can learn from the last paragraph that learning a second language in childhood is________
A. dangerous to children
B. not beneficial to children
C.dangerous but beneficial to children
D. not dangerous but beneficial to children
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The preventive measures for forest fires include some preemptive(抢先)methods that can help reduce the risks of fires and control their severity and spread，and thus, maintain ecological balance and protect resources．Close monitoring of forest fires caused by natural factors can help prevent their spread to a large extent．To contain forest fires，fire departments usually use water and chemical fire retardants(抑制剂)that can be dropped from planes and helicopters．To control the spread of a wildfire．firefighters usually create a control line by removing all fuel from an area so that the fire cannot travel across it．
Controlled burns are often employed by government authorities to reduce fuel buildup，and clean up the fallen leaves，and thus，prevent the spread of forest fires to a vast area．Regular controlled burns can also help maintain biodiversity(生物多样性)，as the smoke and heat produced in the process can facilitate(促进)the growth of seeds of certain plant species．Apart from these，responsible human behavior can help reduce the number of forest fires to a great extent．In fact，we can reduce the number of wildfires dramatically by not leaving behind any source of fire in the forest.
Forest fires can affect climate and weather to a great extent，besides causing severe damage to valuable trees．Wildfires can increase the level of greenhouse gases(water vapor, carbon dioxide，etc)，and therefore increase pollution and global warming．However, they are also an important part of the ecosystem，and many plants depend on the heat and smoke generated by wildfires for their growth and reproduction．But large wildfires can cause extensive damage to the ecosystem，which again highlights the importance of effective control and prevention of forest fires·
1.What may be the best title for this passage?
A．Control and Prevention of Forest Fires
B．How to Keep Ecological Balance
C．Effects of Forest Fires
D．Methods of Fire Spread Control
2.Firefighters get rid of all fuel in all area in order to ____________．
A．keep close monitoring of forest fires
B．prevent the forest fire from occurring
C．protect the animals there
D．stop the wildfire from spreading
3.The government arranges some controlled burns to_______________．
A．burn the rubbish and keep the forest clean
B．help keep ecological balance of nature
C．reduce fuel buildup and limit forest fires spread
D．provide reasonable conditions for some plants’growth
4.A controlled forest fire may play a positive role because ________________.
A．a new forest will appear soon
B．it promotes the development of some seeds
C．nature keeps its balance only by wildfires
D．it makes the trees grow faster than before
5.The last paragraph tells us that _______________．
A．the greenhouse gases are caused mainly by wildfires
B．wildfires have both positive and negative effects
C．people should be aware of the necessity of wildfires
D．all the valuable trees disappear owing to wildfires
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The preventive measures for forest fires include some preemptive(抢先)methods that can help reduce the risks of fires and control their severity and spread, and thus, maintain ecological balance and protect resources. Close monitoring of forest fires caused by natural factors can help prevent their spread to a large extent. To contain forest fires, fire departments usually use water and chemical fire retardants(抑制剂) that can be dropped from planes and helicopters. To control the spread of a wildfire, firefighters usually create a control line by removing all fuel from an area so that the fire cannot travel across it.
Controlled burns are often employed by government authorities to reduce fuel buildup, and clean up the fallen leaves, and thus, prevent the spread of forest fires to a vast area. Regular controlled burns can also help maintain biodiversity(生物多样性), as the smoke and heat produced in the process can facilitate(促进) the growth of seeds of certain plant species. Apart from these, responsible human behavior can help reduce the number of forest fires to a great extent. In fact, we can reduce the number of wildfires dramatically by not leaving behind any source of fire in the forest.
Forest fires can affect climate and weather to a great extent, besides causing severe damage to valuable trees. Wildfires can increase the level of greenhouse gases(water vapor, carbon dioxide, etc), and therefore increase pollution and global warming. However, they are also an important part of the ecosystem, and many plants depend on the heat and smoke generated by wildfires for their growth and reproduction. But large wildfires can cause extensive damage to the ecosystem, which again highlights the importance of effective control and prevention of forest fires.
1.What may be the best title for this passage?
A.Control and Prevention of Forest Fires B.How to Keep Ecological Balance
C.Effects of Forest Fires D.Methods of Fire Spread Control
2.Firefighters get rid of all fuel in all area in order to ____________．
A.keep close monitoring of forest fires B.prevent the forest fire from occurring
C.protect the animals there D.stop the wildfire from spreading
3.The government arranges some controlled burns to_______________．
A.burn the rubbish and keep the forest clean
B.help keep ecological balance of nature
C.reduce fuel building up and limit forest fires spread.
D.provide reasonable conditions for some plants’ growth.
4.A controlled forest fire may play a positive role because ________________.
A.a new forest will appear soon.
B.it promotes the development of some seeds
C.nature keeps its balance only by wildfires.
D.it makes the trees grow faster than before.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Vitamin B could help reduce the effects of the dangerous type of air pollution, according to a new study published on Monday. In the first study of its kind, a team of international researchers looked into the damage caused by one of the pollutants that have the severest impact on health—PM2.5.
They found that Vitamin B supplement could effectively reduce the impact of the tiny particles （颗粒）on the human body, although they stressed that the research was in its early stages. According to the WHO, 92% of the world's people are living in places where the PM2.5 level goes beyond the recommended level. So it’s urgent to find a solution to the problem.
According to this study, published in the PNAS, 10 volunteers were initially exposed to clean air and given a placebo (安慰剂）to check their baseline responses. The group then kept on taking placebos tor tour weeks before being exposed to heavily polluted air from downtown Toronto, where an estimated 1,000 cars passed every hour. The bad air was delivered to the volunteers through an "oxygen type" face mask. The experiment was then repeated, with each volunteer taking a Vitamin B supplement daily, made up of 2.5mg of folic acid, 50mg of Vitamin B6, and l mg of Vitamin B12.
Vitamin B6 can be found in liver, chicken, nuts and other things, and Vitamin B12 in fish, meat, eggs, milk and some cereals. The researchers found that four weeks of Vitamin B supplements — the damage of PM2.5 effects by 28-76%. The results emphasized how prevention at an individual level could be used to fight against the damage of PM2.5, the researchers said.
1.What's the newly discovered effect of Vitamin B in Paragraph 1?
A. It can be used to replace other vitamins in our daily life.
B. It can help lower the air pollution level in the open air.
C. It can reduce the impact of PM2.5 on human bodies.
D. It can get rid of the pollutants remaining in our body.
2.What can be learned from the second paragraph?
A. Further study about the effect of Vitamin B needs to be done.
B. Vitamin B is the most important to human's health.
C. The tiny particles in the air are made up of PM2.5.
D. 92% of the world's people are affected by PM2.5.
3.How did researchers draw the new conclusion about Vitamin B?
A. By referring to a journal. B. By performing experiments.
C. By interviewing scientists. D. By comparing vitamins.
4.You may read the passage on a website about .
A. environment B. medicine
C. education D. health
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
— Stress can be extremely harmful to your health. Exercise, ______, can reduce its bad effects.
— I can’t agree more.
A. therefore B. meanwhile C. besides D. otherwise
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Listen to the two girls by the window. What language ____ ?
| A．did they speak | B．were they speaking |
| C．are they speaking | D．have they been speaking |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Listen to the two girls by the window. What language_________.
| A．did they speak | B．were they speaking |
| C．are they speaking | D．have they been speaking |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Listen to the two girls by the window．What language_________?
| A．did they speak | B．were they speaking |
| C．are they speaking | D．have they been speaking |
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
That tests can actually give measurement of the language skills of the students_______ by many teachers.
A. questioned B. are questioned
C. is questioned D. questioning
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析