Research shows that humans switch from selfis...

Research shows that humans switch from selfish to unselfish behaviors when they are watched. Do you?

A picture of a set of eyes on a computer screen can cause a change in the way people act. Even images of eyes on a charity donation, collection box encourage people to be unselfish, because people put more money in a collection box that has a picture of eyes on it than they do when a flower symbol is on the box.

Biology in Germany and Bettina Rockenbach of the University of Berlin,

the authors of a new study, found that people act better when they are being

watched because they feel they will be rewarded for good behaviour.

Their report also referred to other research showing that this response of

behaving well when watched is somehow coded into humans and

people respond this way unconsciously, or without realising it.

It is not just humans that act unselfishly when they are being watched.

A fish called the grooming fish cleans other fish. When other fish are

around, it is gentler. When no other fish are around, however, the grooming fish bites chunks from the fish it is supposed to be cleaning.

The researchers suggest that the best way to get people to behave in the correct way is to make them feel watched. This could be the reason for the success of a famous American army poster. On it was a picture of an elderly man staring fiercely and pointing, it appeared, to the person who was looking at the poster. Under the picture was the caption ‘I Want You’. It encouraged hundreds of thousands of young American men to join the army during the Second World War to fight the Germans and Japanese.

1. According to the report, why does a person behave better when he feels he is being watched?

A. He does not want to be shamed by others.

B. He needs to show he is a good person.

C. He desires others to like him more.

D. He feels he will receive some social reward.

2. The underlined word ‘coded’ (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to______.

A. hidden            B. programmed     C. forgotten         D. leaned

3. What is the text mainly about?

A. It describes changed behaviour when observed.

B. It details ways to control people's behaviour.

C. It tells how to make people work harder.

D. It discusses different advertising methods.

4. According to the text, which of the following statements is True?

A. People pretend to behave better when they are watched.

B. Fish bite other fish in a fish tank when they are alone.

C. People donate more money when they feel they are watched.

D. Soldiers fought better during World War II because of a poster.

5. Where would the study described in the text most likely be found?

A. In a newspaper.                     B. In a scientific journal.

C. In an advertising magazine.           D. In a science textbook.

高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

Research shows that humans switch from selfish to unselfish behaviour when they are watched. Do you?

A picture of a set of eyes on a computer screen can cause a change in the way people act. Even images of eyes on a charity donation, collection box encourage people to be unselfish, because people put more money in a collection box that has a picture of eyes on it than they do when a flower symbol is on the box.

Manfred Milinski from the Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology in Germany and Bettina Rockenbach of the University of Berlin, the authors of a new study, found that people act better when they are being watched because they feel they will be rewarded for good behaviour. Their report also referred to other research showing that this response of behaving well when watched is somehow coded into humans and people respond this way unconsciously, or without realizing it.

It is not just humans that act unselfishly when they are being watched. A fish called the grooming fish cleans other fish. When other fish are around, it is gentler. When no other fish are around, however, the grooming fish bites chunks from the fish it is supposed to be cleaning.

The researchers suggest that the best way to get people to behave in the correct way is to make them feel watched. This could be the reason for the success of a famous American army poster. On it was a picture of an elderly man staring fiercely and pointing, it appeared, to the person who was looking at the poster. Under the picture was the caption 'I Want You' It encouraged hundreds of thousands of young American men to join the army during the Second World War to fight the Germans and Japanese.

1.According to the report, why does a person behave better when he feels he is being watched?

A. He does not want to be shamed by others.

B. He needs to show he is a good person.

C. He desires others to like him more.

D. He feels he will receive some social reward.

2.What is the text mainly about?

A. It describes changed behaviour when observed.

B. It details ways to control people's behaviour.

C. It tells how to make people work harder.

D. It discusses different advertising methods.

3.Where would the study described in the text most likely be found?

A. In a newspaper.

B. In a scientific journal.

C. In an advertising magazine.

D. In a science textbook.

高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

Research shows that humans ______ from selfish to unselfish behavior when they are watched.

A. tell　　　　　　　　　　 B. switch　　　　　　　 C. range　　　　　　　 D. distinguish

高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

The research from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows that food allergies ( 过 敏 ) in children have increased about 50 percent. Common symptoms　 of allergic responses include itchy mouth, throat tightening, and difficulties in breathing.

Food allergy is a medical condition of exposure to certain foods. It occurs when the immune system attacks the protein in food that in normal cases is harmless. According to reports, more than 170 foods cause allergic reactions. The major food allergens are in eggs, milk, peanuts, wheat, soy, fish, tree nuts, and crustacean shellfish.

There are several reasons behind the rise in food allergies. The food being produced these days is high in sugar, unhealthy fats, genetically modifies and some food farms have　 pesticides ( 农 药 ) and other food have been injected drugs. All this can have a negative impact on our microbiome (微生物群), which is the basis of good health and immunity.

In a study comparing two children, a 15-year-old who lived in urban Italy and a 14-year-old child from rural Africa, it clearly showed a significant difference in the diversity of bacteria in their guts. The reason lies in their diet. The child from rural Africa has his diet low　 in fat and rich in plant-based foods which are grown and harvested locally by villagers. In contrast, the Italian kid’s diet was rich in animal protein, sugar then low in fiber. Ultimately, the microbiome of the kid from Italy was less than that of the kid from Africa.

Besides, the so-called ‘hygiene hypothesis’ suggests that decreased exposure to microbes in early life can lead to an increased chance of allergies in later life, because of individuals not having built up immunity at a young age.

Yet another reason for the explosion in allergies may be environmental changes. The environment has seen a rise in temperature and is estimated that in the coming decades the temperature could rise even further by 10 degrees. As a result of this warm climate, the growing seasons will be longer, increasing allergen count thus making allergies even worse. According to scientists, climate change is a contributing factor that needs immediate attention.

Dr. R. Sharon, researcher of Allergy and Asthma Research Centre at Stanford University, believes the cause of allergies will ultimately come down to a combination of many factors.

Food allergies have no cure but can be managed by avoiding food that brings the　 reactions. Scientists are studying food allergies medical methods for general use. They are all trying to actively understand a certain part of the puzzle when it comes to allergies.

1.What can we learn from the passage?

A.Scientists have found an effective method to solve food allergies.

B.There could be many reasons that combine to lead to food allergies.

C.Environmental changes are the most important reason for food allergies.

D.To decrease children’s allergies, we should make them eat less every day.

2.In paragraph 4, the two children are mentioned to show that

A.pesticides have bad effects on people’s food

B.a person’s daily diet can affect his microbiome

C.food allergies have no cure but can be avoided

D.climate　 change is another factor for food allergies

3.What is the main purpose of this passage?

A.To explain the causes of food allergies.

B.To stress the influences of food allergies.

C.To introduce the solutions to food allergies.

D.To tell people the symptoms of food allergies.

4.What’s the author’s attitude to the treatment of food allergies?

A.Indifferent. B.Positive.

C.Doubtful. D.Critical.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Research shows that though students benefit from having parents involved at school, _____ happens at home matters much more.

A．which            B．what             C．that              D．whether

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Many research groups are testing “ink” made from silk proteins to print human tissues, even organs. The process is a less costly alternative to conventional 3-D printing with collagen, a key protein mainly existing in the mammal’s (哺乳动物) cells. Researchers in Assam, a state in India, are investigating using local silkworm species for the task—they recently submitted a patent for bioinks using a combination of proteins obtained from local silkworms. The scientists have woven them into tissue structures ranging from ears to heart.

Silk is a natural substance which is strong and completely biodegradable (可生物降解的), well suited for applications in tissue engineering. For instance, to bio-print an ear, researchers dissolve silk fibers. They carefully mix the sticky liquid with a patient’s stem cells, then build structures layer by layer with a 3-D printer. Finally, the cells grow and replace the silken proteins and finally change into a natural substance in human body.

Compared with common—used chemicals as adhesive (黏合剂), wild silk is also perfect to cross-link silky tissues, which helps to maintain a 3-D structure. Also, the wild silk has spots that cells naturally attach to, which allows cells to stick to the silk structure rapidly. “These silks are ideal candidates for bioinks because they can be combined to build strong human tissues” says Mandal, the lab’s lead investigator. “This is important, for example, when making bones,” he add.

“Obtaining and purifying collagen from animal remains is complex and expensive.” says David Kaplan, an expert in biomedical engineering, when asked about the advantages. Compared with collagen, silks have an immense advantage in terms of supply and processing. Local sourcing is also a clear plus in their use in India.”

Mandal and his colleagues have already created original structures, including bone and soft tissues of the heart and liver. Reconstructing a human knee complex tissue at the ends of a bone will be next.

1.What does the underlined word “bioinks” refer to?

A.Silk proteins. B.Collagens.

C.Certain chemical. D.Tissues.

2.What will a patient eventually get after an ear-bioprinting?

A.An artificial ear. B.A silken ear.

C.A real ear. D.An original ear.

3.What are the advantages of silk proteins over collagen according to David Kaplan?

A.They are biodegradable and strong.

B.They are inexpensive and uncomplicated.

C.They are harmless and attachable.

D.They are pure and available.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.Final Solution—Wild Worms for Medical Treatment.

B.Silky Tissue—Worm Proteins Ready for 3-D Bioprinting.

C.Bioink—Cheap Alternative for Conventional Operations.

D.Protein—Key to Repairing Human Organs.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

They showed me a medicine that was scientifically ______ from human hair and used in helping their growth.

高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

Mr. Smith found that gas         from the pipe when he came back because we forgot to switch off. But at last we were lucky to escape           .

高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

Meyer and his team were the first ______ how the disease spreads from animals to humans.

A．showing B．show

C．to show D．shown

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Kids are far better than adults at learning how to speak multiple languages. Research now shows that very young infants might have some of the best language skills of all．

A new study suggests that babies between 4 and 6 months old can tell the difference between two languages just by looking at the speaker's face．They don't need to hear word．Sometimes between 6-8 months of age, babies raised in homes where just one language is spoken lose this ability．Babies from bilingual(双语的) homes, on the other hand, keep the face-reading ability until they're at least 8 months old．

Researchers in Canada studied 36 babies from English-speaking families．Twelve of the babies were 4 months old,12 were 6 months old, and the rest were 8 months old．Each baby sat on his or her mother's lap and watched video clips(电影片断) of a woman talking．The woman was fluent in both English and French．In some clips, she read from a storybook in English．In other clips, she read in French．In all of the videos there was no sound．

1.What is mainly discussed in the passage ?

A．Language teaching．

B．Language learning

C．Babies and language learning

D．Parents and language teaching

2.What do the underlined word in the second paragraph refer to ?

A．Two or more．    B．Foreign.         C．difficult.       D．At least one.

3.We can know from the passage that________.

A．all the babies in the study are of the same age．

B．the babies could hear the woman's voice while watching the videos．

C．the stories the woman read were written in either French or German．

D．it's still unknown how babies could tell the difference between languages．

4.Why did the 8-month-old pay no attention when the language was changed ?

A．They had lost the ability to distinguish different languages．

B．They were too tired to open their eyes and fell asleep．

C．They couldn't hear what the speaker was talking about．

D．They had lost the interest in bilingual speakers．

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析