阅读填空
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
Family structure is the core of any culture.A major function of the family is to socialize new members of a culture.As children are raised in a family setting,they learn to become members of the family as well as members of the larger culture.The family provides the model for all other relationships in society.Through the observations and modeling of the behavior of other family members,children learn about the family and society including the values of the culture.Family structure and their inherent relationships and obligations are a major source of cultural difference.
The family is the center of most traditional Asians' lives.Many people worry about their families' welfare,reputation,and honor.Asian families are often extended,including several generations related by blood or marriage living in the same home.An Asian person's misdeeds are not blamed just on the individual but also on the family—including the dead ancestors.
Traditional Chinese,among many other Asians,respect their elders and feel a deep sense of duty toward them.Children repay their parents' sacrifices by being successful and supporting them in old age.This is accepted as a natural part of life in China.In contrast,taking care of aged parents is often viewed as tremendous burden in the United States,where aging and family support are not honored highly.
The Vietnamese family consists of people currently alive as well as the spirits of the dead and of the asyet unborn.Any decisions or actions are done from family considerations,not individual desires.People's behavior is judged on whether it brings shame or pride to the family.Vietnamese children are trained to rely on their families,to honor elderly people,and to fear foreigners.Many Vietnamese think that their actions in this life will influence their status in the next life.
Fathers in traditional Japanese families are typically strict and distant.Japanese college students in one study said they would tell their fathers just about as much as they would tell a total stranger.The emotional and communication barrier between children and fathers in Japan appears very strong after children have reached a certain age.
Although there has been much talk about “family values”in the United States,the family is not a usual frame of reference for decisions in U.S.mainstream culture.Family connections are not so important to most people.Dropping the names of wealthy or famous people the family knows is done in the United States,but it is not viewed positively.More important is a person's own individual “track record” of personal achievement.
Thus,many cultural differences exist in family structures and values.In some cultures,the family is the center of life and the main frame of reference for decisions.In other cultures,the individuals,not the family,is primary.In some cultures,the family's reputation and honor depend on each person's actions;in other cultures,individuals can act without permanently affecting the family life.Some cultures value old people,while other cultures look down on them.
(Adaptedfrom R.L.Oxford & R.C.Scarcella,“A Few Family Structures and Values Around the Globe”)
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
阅读填空
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
Family structure is the core of any culture.A major function of the family is to socialize new members of a culture.As children are raised in a family setting,they learn to become members of the family as well as members of the larger culture.The family provides the model for all other relationships in society.Through the observations and modeling of the behavior of other family members,children learn about the family and society including the values of the culture.Family structure and their inherent relationships and obligations are a major source of cultural difference.
The family is the center of most traditional Asians' lives.Many people worry about their families' welfare,reputation,and honor.Asian families are often extended,including several generations related by blood or marriage living in the same home.An Asian person's misdeeds are not blamed just on the individual but also on the family—including the dead ancestors.
Traditional Chinese,among many other Asians,respect their elders and feel a deep sense of duty toward them.Children repay their parents' sacrifices by being successful and supporting them in old age.This is accepted as a natural part of life in China.In contrast,taking care of aged parents is often viewed as tremendous burden in the United States,where aging and family support are not honored highly.
The Vietnamese family consists of people currently alive as well as the spirits of the dead and of the asyet unborn.Any decisions or actions are done from family considerations,not individual desires.People's behavior is judged on whether it brings shame or pride to the family.Vietnamese children are trained to rely on their families,to honor elderly people,and to fear foreigners.Many Vietnamese think that their actions in this life will influence their status in the next life.
Fathers in traditional Japanese families are typically strict and distant.Japanese college students in one study said they would tell their fathers just about as much as they would tell a total stranger.The emotional and communication barrier between children and fathers in Japan appears very strong after children have reached a certain age.
Although there has been much talk about “family values”in the United States,the family is not a usual frame of reference for decisions in U.S.mainstream culture.Family connections are not so important to most people.Dropping the names of wealthy or famous people the family knows is done in the United States,but it is not viewed positively.More important is a person's own individual “track record” of personal achievement.
Thus,many cultural differences exist in family structures and values.In some cultures,the family is the center of life and the main frame of reference for decisions.In other cultures,the individuals,not the family,is primary.In some cultures,the family's reputation and honor depend on each person's actions;in other cultures,individuals can act without permanently affecting the family life.Some cultures value old people,while other cultures look down on them.
(Adaptedfrom R.L.Oxford & R.C.Scarcella,“A Few Family Structures and Values Around the Globe”)
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
任务型阅读11
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。
Made In The USA: An Export Boom
In his State of the Union address two years ago, President Obama argued that in order to recover from the economic recession, one of the few things the U.S. needed to do was to export more goods around the world. That night, the president unveiled a new goal: to double U.S. exports over the next five years. It would be an increase that the president said would “support two million jobs in America.”
Most economists dismissed the promise at the time as something unrealistic, but two years later, the U.S. is on pace to meet that goal. American exports are up 34 percent since the president gave that speech, and the number continues to rise.
Competitive In A Global Market
Marlin Steel, a metal working business in Baltimore, makes parts that ship all across the world. “We export to 36 countries,” owner Drew Greenblatt tells All Things Considered Host Guy Raz.“We're working around the clock, and we're growing.”
It's not just advanced manufacturing exports on the rise, but pork, cattle and all kinds of agricultural exports are up as well. Even American craft beer has found an export market.
Flying Dog CEO Jim Caruso says that increasingly, people all over the world are trying the beer from the Maryland-based brewery. Caruso says,“Even in those top beer-producing countries, a competitive American product is finding a market.”
Services Are Exports, Too
Another place exports are coming from is New York City—in particular, the 30th floor of a Manhattan skyscraper on 5th Avenue and 52nd Street. That's where the consulting firm Kurt Solomon lies. It doesn't actually produce a product for export; it provides management advice and strategy.
“Four out of every five Americans is now employed in the service industry,” the nation's top trade official, Ron Kirk says, “Services are a significant part of our exports, and make up about a quarter of our exported goods.” These services can include everything from legal consulting, finance, information technology and even engineering.
And There Are Other Factors
So why has there been an increase of more than 30 percent for exports in almost everything? Part of the increase, at least for the manufacturing side, is due to better technology, says Tyler Cowen, an economist. “A lot of it is being driven by smart machines,” he tells Raz,“The U.S. has high wage rates, which is a disadvantage, but if machines are doing a lot of the work, that doesn't matter.”
China factors a lot in America's export economy, too.“Wages in China have been going up as the country becomes more productive. Thus China is losing the cheap labor advantage it has held for some time.” Cowen says.
Will Jobs Grow, too?
“Companies have become more productive by dismissing workers and lowering costs.”Cowen says.“So I don't view exporting as a way of creating a very large number of jobs, but it will create more profits.”
So not every business or worker is necessarily benefiting from the export boom in the U.S., and Cowen says that could ultimately lead to a polarization(两极) of economic outcomes.
Made In the USA: An Export Boom
Outline | Details | |
The purpose of increasing exports | *To help America make a (1)______ from the economic recession *To help raise the nation's (2)______ rate | |
The current situation | *American exports have risen (3)______ thirty-four percent up to now *There has been an increase in exports in everything *The export boom does not necessarily (4)______ every business or worker | |
(5)______ contributing to the export boom | (6)______products | Even in those top beer-producing countries, people try craft beer from Flying Dog, a brewery (7)______ in Maryland |
Various products | A variety of products are provided around the world,services (8)______ for 25% | |
Lower costs | *(9)______ take the place of labor, helping companies reduce wages *China, who used to take (10)______ of cheap labor, has given way to America in exports to some extent because of its increasing production |
高三英语其他题中等难度题查看答案及解析
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
Communication Principles
How you see yourself can make a great difference in how you communicate.“Every individual exists in a continually changing world of experience of which he(or she)is the center”.Many communication scholars and social scientists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send them.But every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communication.A student.for instance,may describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair treatment:“I know my teacher doesn’t like the fact that I don’t agree with his opinions.and that’s why he gave me such a poor grade in that class.”The teacher might say the opposite.Each person may believe that he is correct and that the other person’s view is wrong.
The concept of serf originates in communication.Through verbal and nonverbal symbols, a child learns to accept roles in response to the expectations of others.You establish self-image。The sort of person you believe you are,by how others think of you.Positive,negative,and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you are.Communication itself is probably best understood as a dialogue process.Our understanding of communication comes from our interactions with other people.In a more obvious way.communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share.So,the communication begins with the self,as defined largely by others,and involves others,as defined largely by the self.
Communication Occurs almost every minute of your life.If you are not communicating with yourself(thinking,planning,reacting to the world around you),you are observing others and drawing inferences from their behavior.Even if the other person did not intend a message for you.you gather observations and draw specific conclusions.A person yawns and you believe that person is bored with your message.A second person looks away from you and you conclude that person is not listening to you.A third person smiles(perhaps because of a memory of a joke he heard recently) and you believe that he is attracted to you.We are continually picking up meanings from others’ behaviors and we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them.
More often than not,you may have hurt someone accidentally and you may have tried to explain that you did not mean that. You may have told the other person that you were sorry for your statement.You may have made a joke out of your rude statement.Nonetheless,your comment remains both in the mind of the other person and in your own mind.You cannot go back in time and erase your messages to others.Communication cannot be reversed(倒退),nor can it be repeated.When you tried to re—create the atmosphere,the conversation,and the setting,nothing seemed right.Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results.
Paragraph outline | Supporting Details |
Communication begins with the self | ●People are somewhat products of others’ treatment and messages. ●we are always 1. in communication with others. |
Communication 2. others | ●Experiences of others help children learn to accept roles. ●Messages from others help you3. who you are. ●Needs and4. of others should be considered. |
Communication 5. everywhere | ●We are communicating with ourselves by thinking,planning and reacting to the outside world. ●We are always6.other people by observing even if they do not intend any message for you. ●We are constantly collecting meanings from others’ 7. . ●We are constantly8. meanings by what we do. |
Communication cannot be reversed nor repeated | ●You may explain what you have done,but you cannot9. what remains in the other person’s mind. ●Yon may redo the conversation,but you10. achieve the same results. |
高三英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
Communication Principles
How you see yourself can make a great difference in how you communicate.“Every individual exists in a continually changing world of experience of which he(or she)is the center”.Many communication scholars and social scientists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send them.But every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communication.A student.for instance,may describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair treatment:“I know my teacher doesn’t like the fact that I don’t agree with his opinions.and that’s why he gave me such a poor grade in that class.”The teacher might say the opposite.Each person may believe that he is correct and that the other person’s view is wrong.
The concept of serf originates in communication.Through verbal and nonverbal symbols, a child learns to accept roles in response to the expectations of others.You establish self-image。The sort of person you believe you are,by how others think of you.Positive,negative,and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you are.Communication itself is probably best understood as a dialogue process.Our understanding of communication comes from our interactions with other people.In a more obvious way.communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share.So,the communication begins with the self,as defined largely by others,and involves others,as defined largely by the self.
Communication Occurs almost every minute of your life.If you are not communicating with yourself(thinking,planning,reacting to the world around you),you are observing others and drawing inferences from their behavior.Even if the other person did not intend a message for you.you gather observations and draw specific conclusions.A person yawns and you believe that person is bored with your message.A second person looks away from you and you conclude that person is not listening to you.A third person smiles(perhaps because of a memory of a joke he heard recently) and you believe that he is attracted to you.We are continually picking up meanings from others’ behaviors and we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them.
More often than not,you may have hurt someone accidentally and you may have tried to explain that you did not mean that. You may have told the other person that you were sorry for your statement.You may have made a joke out of your rude statement.Nonetheless,your comment remains both in the mind of the other person and in your own mind.You cannot go back in time and erase your messages to others.Communication cannot be reversed(倒退),nor can it be repeated.When you tried to re—create the atmosphere,the conversation,and the setting,nothing seemed right.Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results.
Paragraph outline | Supporting Details |
Communication begins with the self | ●People are somewhat products of others’ treatment and messages. ●we are always(1.)▲ in communication with others. |
Communication (2.) ▲ others | ●Experiences of others help children learn to accept roles. ●Messages from others help you(3.)▲ who you are. ●Needs and(4.)▲ of others should be considered. |
Communication (5.)▲ everywhere | ●We are communicating with ourselves by thinking,planning and reacting to the outside world. ●We are always(6.)▲ other people by observing even if they do not intend any message for you. ●We are constantly collecting meanings from others’(7.)▲ . ●We are constantly(8.)▲ meanings by what we do. |
Communication cannot be reversed nor repeated | ●You may explain what you have done,but you cannot(9.)▲ what remains in the other person’s mind. ●Yon may redo the conversation,but you(10.)▲ achieve the same results. |
高三英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析
任务型阅读,请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
Antibiotics, insulin, organ transplantation, HIV treatments and heart-bypass surgeries—it reads like an A to Z of medical progress. But the major progress has something in common: they were all developed and tested by using animals. Actually, animals are used for research in a variety of settings. Whether or not humans should use animals for testing purposes, however, is a controversial subject.
Animal testing allows researchers to develop new medicine and treatments, advancing the field of medicine and improving the health of society. For example, many drugs used to treat or prevent cancer, HIV, diabetes, etc, have resulted from tests performed on animals. Many advocators of animal testing support the practice for this reason, even if they do not support testing, cosmetics or other non-essential substances on animals. No one chooses to use animals where there in no need. In fact, animal research has contributed to 70 percent of Nobel prizes for physiology or medicine.
Animal testing also enables scientists and researchers to test the safety of medicine and other substances with which humans have regular contact. Drugs, for example , may create significant risks to humans, so testing them on animals first gives researchers a chance to determine their safety before human trials are performed. While scientists understand the differences between humans and animals, the similarities are considered significant enough to produce relevant data that they can then apply to humans. This, animal testing reduces harm to humans and saves lives, not only because the exposure to risky substances is minimized, but because some new medicine and treatments have positive effects on humans’ overall quality of life.
However, a significant number of animals are harmed or die as a result of experiments and testing. Unfortunately, many of the substances used on animal subjects never receive approval for human use or consumption. Those who oppose animal testing consider this a very important point , because saving humans from suffering is no excuse for the death of laboratory animals. Opponents also argue that animals are dissimilar enough from humans to make the results of animals tests unreliable. Related criticism is that testing causes stress in animals, meaning that they do not react to experimental substances in the same way that they might in natural circumstances, making the results of experiments less valid
Using animals as research subjects is also expensive because they require food, shelter, care and treatment in addition to the costs of experimental substances. Long-term or multi-stage tests can increase the costs of the practice as well. The actual price paid for animals is also worth considering. In this respect, researchers take on an additional burden.
Title | Should Humans Experiment on Animals? | |
Introduction | Many __1.___ have been made on medical research by using animal testing | |
__2.______ about animal testing | People _3._____ up for it | New medicine and treatments can be developed. Advancements in the field of medicine and _4._________ in humans’ health can be made. Researchers can __5._____patients the safety of new treatments and medicine. Scientists can collect research data in ____6.______ with humans’ medical problem. Harm done to humans will be reduced to the 【小题7___ and more lives will be saved. |
People opposing it | The experiments may put many animals’ lives at _7._______. Experiments may not ____8.____ produce reliable results because animals do not react normally under stress. Researchers will be __9._______ with the extra costs of animals and their care. | |
高三英语其他题中等难度题查看答案及解析
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:一个空格只填一个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
The Bigger Sleep
School starting times in America vary from an average of 7:48 am in go-getting Mississippi to 8:31 am in late-rising Connecticut. According to a survey by the National Centre for Education Statistics in 2017-18, only in two states — Alaska and Connecticut — do schools start after 8:30 am, the earliest recommended time by a number of medical organisations.
On October 13th Gavin Newsom, California’s governor, signed legislation setting a limit on starting times of half past eight for high-schoolers, in the hope that they will benefit from the extra time in bed.
There is plenty of reason to think they will. Adolescents require more sleep in the morning which will keep them energetic the whole day. A research review by scientists at the Centres for Disease Control finds that later school starting times correspond with improved attendance, less falling asleep in class, and better grades. The Rand Corporation estimates that moving to a half-past-eight start across the country would boost the economy by more than $80bn within a decade.
In response to the evidence, school districts across the country have begun to move starting times back, but California is the first state to take the leap. Parents and unions are often bitterly opposed. The California Teachers Association resisted the change, citing the financial burden on schools as they adjust to the new hours, as well as the burden on parents who work as laborers or in the service industry, and cannot start work later. Last year Mr Newsom’s predecessor, Jerry Brown, vetoed similar legislation, saying the decision should be left to school districts.
Supporters argue that it is appropriate for the state to set a minimum health-and-welfare standard, as it does in other areas. It will be up to school districts to decide whether to end the day later, or cut its length. Anthony Portantino, the democratic state senator who introduced the legislation, believes evidence of the change’s benefits will soon win over opponents in rural areas. “There really is no significant reason not to do this,” he says, “other than an overwhelming resistance to change from adults.”
The Bigger Sleep | |
Background to the legislation | • American schools have 1. starting times. • Only schools in Alaska and Connecticut 2. the recommended starting times. |
Content of the legislation | High-schoolers should start school no 3. than 8:30 am, which allows them extra time in bed. |
Benefits of the legislation | • Adolescents feel 4. with more sleep in the morning. • Later school starting times are linked to decreased 5., less falling asleep in class and better grades. • It is 6.that later school starting times can boost the economy. |
Opinions of the 7. | • Schools may bear the burden of 8. when they adjust to the new hours. • Parents working as laborers or in the service industry may 9.to get to work on time. |
Opinions of the supporters | • Setting a minimum health-and-welfare standard seems to be an appropriate practice. • Although an overwhelming resistance does 10. in adults, it is reasonable to make the change. |
高三英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
Ants: master cooperators
Millions of ants live together in a colony, but they don’t compete, get confused, or become disorganized. They behave in an amazing orderly manner at all times. Some scientists refer to ants as ‘super-organisms’ because they live in such highly organized societies that work together to survive. The way ants live and work together has made them one of the most important creatures on the planet.
Ants, like bees, belong to a class of eusocial insects. Eusocial insects are broken into groups within their community, and each group has a special job to do depending on the needs of the community. There are three basic groups in an ant colony: queens, soldiers, and workers. Queens are the largest ants, and their only job is to reproduce—they lay all of the eggs that will eventually become soldiers and workers. Soldiers are responsible for protecting the colony and finding new places for nests. Worker ants have many jobs within the community, including caring for the eggs and young ants, hunting for food and maintaining the nest.
Some scientists are studying how ants can lead to a better understanding of labor issues, social class, and the use of nature resources in human communities. Ants have had millions of years of practice in working together to survive and grow. For a colony to function successfully, ants have to cooperate, from which people can learn a lot. Researchers hope that gathering information about how ants live together in communities can help people learn to cooperate and compromise with each other.
However, others argue that there are fundamental differences between ants and humans that mean human societies are unlikely ever to attain ant-like levels of collaboration. For example, ants in a colony don’t compete with each other. When they are short of food in the colony, some worker ants automatically become ‘feeder’ ants and feed others with the food in their stomach, regardless of their usual job. When the food supply is replenished, they become worker ants again.
In addition, ants are able to work together without a leader giving them directions. Despite their names, queen ants are not leaders. Instead, ants find out what they need to do from their sense of smell. Research on harvester ants pass each other, they pick up a chemical smell which tells them what the other ant is doing. The number of ants they pass doing a particular job determines what they need to do. It is a form of communication, but unlike human communication it has no content; it is just based on numbers.
While ants undoubtedly have a great deal to teach us about organization and the structure of networks, those searching for a greater understanding of human behaviour and morals may need to look somewhere.
Ants: master cooperators | |
Main 1. | They live together in colony without competitions, 2. or being disorganized. |
The way they work together for 3. living in highly organized societies makes them unique on the planet. | |
Three groups, including queens, soldiers and workers in an ant colony have a special job, 4. the needs of the community. | |
5. of studying ants | It helps people understand labor issues, social class, and the use of natural resources better. |
Ants are 6. in working together to survive and grow, helping people run the communities smoothly. | |
It helps people learn to cooperate and 7. with each other. | |
Differences between ants and humans | For 8. of food, some worker ants automatically become ‘feeder’ ants. |
9. ants, humans have leaders giving people directions. | |
Suggestion | Researchers should have different 10. in understanding human behaviour and morals. |
高三英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卷上相应题号的横线上。
Nowadays, reading for pleasure is declining among primary-age pupils, and increasing numbers of “time poor” parents are dropping the practice of sharing bedtime stories with their children once they start school.
Research found that while parents read to preschoolers, by the final year of primary school only around 2% read to their children every day. Once children can read skillfully, parents tend to step back, and this usually happens at the age of seven or eight. The research also found that most teachers blame the government’s “target-driven” education policies for the fact that fewer children are reading for pleasure.
They believe that a straitjacket (束缚) of strictly organized schooling is containing young people’s ability to read more widely. Two-thirds of teachers surveyed said they lacked time in the school day to introduce a variety of books and that this was a “major obstacle to being able to develop a level of reading”. Teachers also cited as main factors the reduction in the number of school librarians, who could put interesting books before children, and the rise in “screen time”, switching children from reading to playing games.
The majority of teachers said the curriculum’s “emphasis on reading as a skill to be mastered” was increasing the pressure, which also came from parents who saw reading as a focus of learning, a skill critical to career advancement in a competitive world.
There was a real love of reading among teachers, and a strong desire to encourage more children to read for pleasure. However, the teachers also had an overpowering sense of frustration with their situation. “Touch-screen phone and computers are naturally attractive to children,” the survey said, and predicted a period of awkwardness as everyone else adapts. By 2021, children’s television will have adopted the presence of this second screen, and it will be strange not to have children, at home drawing along on computers and then having these appearing live in the show.
The hope is that user-friendly screens could, if material is adapted and downloaded easily, present an opportunity for more ambitious publishing — for example, books children like to read or digital books with moving pictures instead of photos to clarify factual and scientific points. Parental controls that are easy to use would be key. And they should be allowed to shut off access to children in the home.
The 1. situation | The change in the number of primary-age pupils who read for pleasure is 2.to that in the number of parents who fail to tell bedtime stories to their children. | |
The reasons | The government | Its “target-driven” education policies are to 3.for the fact that fewer children are reading for pleasure. |
Schools | ●The strictly organized schooling plays a 4. role for the children to read more widely. ●The number of school librarians is 5. ●The curriculum 6.reading skills too much, which burdens the children. | |
Most teachers | They can do nothing to introduce various books because they are 7. in time in the school day. | |
Parents | They 8.to reading as a focus of learning and a critical skill to career advancement in a competitive world. | |
Children | They 9. their attention from reading to the second screen. | |
The hopes | ●Publish books children like to read or 10. books. ●Allow parents to shut off access to children in the home. |
高三英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析
请认真阅读下列短文, 并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意: 每个空格只填 1 个单词。 请将答案写在答题卷上相应题号的横线上。
Driverless cars used to be the sort of thing you’d see in sci-fi films, but in 2020 they’re becoming a reality. Autonomous car technology is already being developed by the likes of Lexus, BMW and Mercedes, and we’ve even tested Tesla’s driverless Autopilot system on UK roads. Across the Atlantic, Google is developing its automated technology in the wild, and Apple is rumoured to be working with BMW on its own-probably automated-car.
Fully-driverless tech is still at an advanced testing stage, but partially automated technology has been around for the last few years. Executive saloons like the BMW 7 Series feature automated parking, and can even be controlled remotely.
With so much investment and interest in driverless technology, it’s easy to assume that self-operating cars are likely to happen soon, but they’re much further away than we might think. Before driverless vehicles go to market widely, manufacturers must deal with a range of technical and ethical challenges, and prevent the biggest threat to autonomous technology: humans.
The human problem
Humans present problems for autonomous cars as both drivers and pedestrians, and dealing with our unpredictable behaviour represents a significant challenge for the technology.
The Google Car is one of the most experienced autonomous vehicles. Even so, its interaction with human drivers has given rise to the exposure of one of driverless cars’ main weaknesses. The first injury involving the Google Car wasn’t due to a fault in its system, but human-error. While correctly waiting at traffic lights, Google’s self-driving car was hit by an inattentive driver and, in spite of its sophisticated array (复杂精密的数组) of sensors, there was little it could do to avoid the incident. Luckily, the accident only resulted in minor injury for a few of the passengers, but it’s a reminder that autonomous cars are at risk when surrounded by human road users.
Despite their sophisticated systems, self-driving cars currently have no plan B for human road users. Human drivers are able to interact with each other and make allowances, but also make countless, small mistakes when driving-mistakes to which current self-driving cars simply can’t adapt.
Dealing with pedestrians
The way human drivers interact with pedestrians raises difficult moral and ethical questions for car manufacturers-with implications.
Autonomous cars need to understand the way pedestrians behave, while also imitating the behaviour they’d expect from a human driver. “Everyone has a knowledge of how a human being is going to react, because we are all human beings,” says computer ethics commentator Ben Byford. “So if you walk out in front of a car, and presumably the car driver knows you’re there, they’re going to react in a certain way.”
“ If I walked out in front of a Google car travelling at 60mph, I have no real knowledge of how the vehicle will behave, so I’m effectively putting myself in danger.”
How 1. away are we from autonomous cars? | ||
Background information | ● Autonomous car technology has been 2. in some famous car manufacturers. ● Partially automated technology has been in 3. for the last few years. ● Before our roads are 4. with driverless vehicles, manufacturers have a lot of things to do. | |
5. about the autonomous technology | The human problem | ● The Google car’s accident has 6. one of driverless cars’ weaknesses. ● 7. the sophisticated array of sensors, Google’s self-driving car could do little to avoid the accident. ● With no alternative plan, self-driving cars cannot have a good 8. with human drivers. |
Dealing with pedestrians | 9. human drivers who know pedestrians well, autonomous cars have difficulty in 10. their behavior, thus putting pedestrians in danger. |
高三英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析
认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。
How to Build Confidence
Everybody in this world wants to be rich and successful. But, the big question is HOW? How can you turn yourself into a popular personality?
Well, you need to have confidence. Confidence is the feeling of certainty and trusting in one’s own ability.
Start your journey to become successful by following these seven confidence-building steps.
Recognize what makes you feel inferior -- Let’s accept the fact that no one in this world is perfect. Everyone has some shortcomings and it is natural. So, if there is something that makes you feel ashamed of yourself just make a note of it. Instead of being upset over your shortcomings, you need to figure out ways to overcome them.
Dress smartly and look more attractive -- Yes, you are right that a person should be beautiful at heart but you ought to work on your looks too. You might have not realized but dressing up nicely can increase your confidence. Work hard to improve your looks and you will definitely notice a positive change in your personally.
Don’t worry about what others say -- Those who think about others car never succeed in their lives. So, if you really wish to increase your confidence levels, stop thinking about the world right away. Have faith in your capabilities and show the world that you are a leader. And just in case you are afraid of criticism, your dream of becoming successful person will always remain a dream.
Stay happy – Happiness plays an important part in a successful life. So, try to find out what makes you happy and keep yourself involved in those activities only.
Be a curious learner -- Learning is part of our life. It is a continuous process which lasts till the last breath. Knowledge not only makes you superior but enriches your personality altogether.
Express yourself -- There are many people who don’t express their feelings and opinions at all just because they are afraid of being laughed at. Well, don’t be afraid and express yourself wherever possible, it will make people realize your presence and you may get the response. So, the next time you have something on your mind, say it aloud.
Self esteem and confidence are some of the most important things you need to be successful in life.
How to become 1.
_2. | Confidence is the feeling of certainty and trusting in one’s own ability. | |
_3. | Realize the 4. of your frustration | _5. down what makes you upset and overcome it. |
Dress smartly and look more attractive | We like warm-hearted persons of course, but you ought to work on your looks as 6.. | |
_7. worrying about what others say | Believe in your capabilities and show the world that you are a leader. | |
Stay happy | Only 8. in the activities which make you happy. | |
Be a leader of 9. | Knowledge not only makes you superior but enriches your personality altogether. | |
express yourself | People will find you are 10. and you may get the response. | |
高三英语其他题中等难度题查看答案及解析