During the winter in the Southern Hemisphere, a blue point of light shines overhead. The brilliant point on the sky, which looks like a bright star, is actually two stars in close orbit — accompanied by the closest known black hole to Earth.
The newly discovered black hole is about 1,011 light-years from our solar system in the star system HR 6819. Published today in Astronomy & Astrophysics, the object is locked in an orbit with two visible stars. It is estimated about four times the mass of the sun and about 2,500 light-years closer than the next black hole. “It seems like it’s been hiding in plain sight,” says astronomer Kareem El-Badry, a Ph.D. student at the University of California, Berkeley, who specializes in binary star (双子星) systems but wasn’t involved with the study. “HR 6819 is such a bright star (system) that people have been studying it since the 80s, but it seems like it’s had some surprises.”
“If you find one that is very close to you, and you assume you’re not special, then they must be out there everywhere,” says lead study author Thomas Rivinius, an astronomer at the European Southern Observatory (ESO) in Chile. Researchers have long estimated that the Milky Way is home to hundreds of millions of black holes, objects whose gravitational fields (引力场) are so strong, not even light can escape. But finding these dark objects has proven extremely difficult. Dozens of black holes in the galaxy have been spotted “feeding” on nearby clouds of gas — a process that sends out x-rays as the material moves around the edges of the black hole. But the majority of black holes in our galaxy cannot be seen, so the only way to find them is by observing their gravitational effects on surrounding objects.
In follow-up work, researchers led by study co-author Petr Hadrava aim to study the light given off by HR 6819 and understand the precise identity of the two close stars.
1.What do we know about the newly discovered black hole?
A.It moves with two other stars.
B.It came into being in the 1980s.
C.It weighs much more than earth.
D.It can be seen easily during the winter.
2.What can we infer from Thomas Rivinius’s words in paragraph 3?
A.Most black holes are common.
B.More black holes can be found.
C.Black holes are difficult to learn.
D.Black holes exist in star systems.
3.What will scientists probably do next?
A.Learn more about the two close stars.
B.Analyze the light around the black hole.
C.Observe the influence of black holes on stars.
D.Study the black holes in the system of HR 6819.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.A New Star System in Universe
B.Two Special Stars in the Same Orbit
C.The Closest Black Hole to the Earth
D.The Biggest Black Hole in the Milky Way
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
During the winter in the Southern Hemisphere, a blue point of light shines overhead. The brilliant point on the sky, which looks like a bright star, is actually two stars in close orbit — accompanied by the closest known black hole to Earth.
The newly discovered black hole is about 1,011 light-years from our solar system in the star system HR 6819. Published today in Astronomy & Astrophysics, the object is locked in an orbit with two visible stars. It is estimated about four times the mass of the sun and about 2,500 light-years closer than the next black hole. “It seems like it’s been hiding in plain sight,” says astronomer Kareem El-Badry, a Ph.D. student at the University of California, Berkeley, who specializes in binary star (双子星) systems but wasn’t involved with the study. “HR 6819 is such a bright star (system) that people have been studying it since the 80s, but it seems like it’s had some surprises.”
“If you find one that is very close to you, and you assume you’re not special, then they must be out there everywhere,” says lead study author Thomas Rivinius, an astronomer at the European Southern Observatory (ESO) in Chile. Researchers have long estimated that the Milky Way is home to hundreds of millions of black holes, objects whose gravitational fields (引力场) are so strong, not even light can escape. But finding these dark objects has proven extremely difficult. Dozens of black holes in the galaxy have been spotted “feeding” on nearby clouds of gas — a process that sends out x-rays as the material moves around the edges of the black hole. But the majority of black holes in our galaxy cannot be seen, so the only way to find them is by observing their gravitational effects on surrounding objects.
In follow-up work, researchers led by study co-author Petr Hadrava aim to study the light given off by HR 6819 and understand the precise identity of the two close stars.
1.What do we know about the newly discovered black hole?
A.It moves with two other stars.
B.It came into being in the 1980s.
C.It weighs much more than earth.
D.It can be seen easily during the winter.
2.What can we infer from Thomas Rivinius’s words in paragraph 3?
A.Most black holes are common.
B.More black holes can be found.
C.Black holes are difficult to learn.
D.Black holes exist in star systems.
3.What will scientists probably do next?
A.Learn more about the two close stars.
B.Analyze the light around the black hole.
C.Observe the influence of black holes on stars.
D.Study the black holes in the system of HR 6819.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.A New Star System in Universe
B.Two Special Stars in the Same Orbit
C.The Closest Black Hole to the Earth
D.The Biggest Black Hole in the Milky Way
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
By the time you read these words, winter should have gone within the Northern Hemisphere (半球). But at its worst, this winter was unusually cold. Here in New York City on January 31, the low temperature dropped to -17℃. In Chicago, it was also -17℃—but that was the high. The low jumped to -29℃. And the wind chill within the Windy City was -44℃ or -46℃, relying on which climate station was crying out in pain. As comic Lewis Black said, “That is not weather. That’s an emergency condition.”
When the forecast warned us a few days earlier that Arctic air was looming (阴森地逼近), President Trump issued a sincere and helpful tweet, which ended with: “What the hell is going on with Global Waming [sic]? Please come back fast, we need you!” And being the most powerful man on Earth, he was successful in his polite request. On February 4 the Chicago temperature reached 11℃. And the following day the Big Apple was in a sunny 19℃.
The Arctic is warming at twice the speed as the global average. This heat might help disrupt (打破) the polar vortex, a gradual wind pattern that usually stays focused on circling the North Pole. A shaky jet stream (高速气流) then runs right into a brick wall of that Arctic air, which continues to be fairly cold by human standards, and both wind up lots of miles farther south than they usually belong. And for a few days we in the Deep South—by which I mean Chicago or New York compared with the Arctic—freeze our butts off. But less than a week later, thanks to some warm air coming up from the real South, I was walking outside without a coat on a date when the temperature in Chicago reached 11℃ on February 4.
Like so much else we are currently living through, this experience is not normal. Or it didn’t used to be, anyway.
After all, scientists have been waming—sorry, warning—that warming can have these very results. Climate change deniers may sneer (冷笑), “So when it’s warmer than usual, that’s because of global warming. And when it’s colder, that’s also because of global warming?” Well, yes. And anybody who just can’t accept these kinds of seemingly paradoxical conditions needs to reflect on the expression “freezer burn.”
1.By mentioning Lewis Black’s words in Paragraph 1, the author intends to .
A. indicate how unusual the winter’s weather was
B. suggest the north isn’t a suitable place to live
C. remind people never to forget the past winter
D. urge people to take action against the emergency
2.What led to the sudden increase in the Chicago temperature on February 4?
A. The cold Arctic air. B. Trump’s sincere tweet.
C. Warm air from the real South. D. Disruption of polar vortex.
3.Why does the author use the expression “freezer burn”?
A. To show readers his concerns about the extreme weather.
B. To prove global warming to be the cause of the extreme weather.
C. To cast doubt about scientists’ study on the paradoxical conditions.
D. To express his disapproval of the result of the paradoxical conditions.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
During the winter of 2002, I had the opportunity to teach tennis in Nevis in the Caribbean Sea. My experience teaching and staying on the island was wonderful, it was also hard work!
After several weeks of teaching, I was for a vacation! I had planned a surfing outing at a surf camp in Panama with my friend Clayton. I to Panama City with my tennis bag and off we went to the remote Bay of Chiriqui.
To get to the camp, we had to load Clayton’s surfboards and my gear （装备）on and off several buses and boats. After eight hours of travel we finally .
The camp was perfect. The rooms were ideal. I rented a board and we had an unbelievable week good waves.
On our trip, we learned that our bus back to Panama City had been delayed. The sun was down on us , and the only was under a canvas canopy（帆布罩蓬）, next to the bus terminal attendant’s .
As I walked over to the shade area, a couple of kids started throwing at me. Thinking quickly, I reached into my and opened a can of tennis balls. I the youngsters and gave them the tennis balls. I got them to throw the balls onto the racket throwing rocks at me. They seemed to that.
Then an old boy got interested. He joined the game. he seemed a bit more coordinated （协调的）than the youngsters, I gave him a racket and got him to try to hit the ball onto the catching racket.
Soon, his bus arrived, and he was on his . But the clinic（临场教学） had just . Families from across the streets came over and wanted their tennis lesson, too. The bus terminal attendant __her post and came out for a lesson, too.
In what seemed like no , my bus arrived. Clayton and I made it back to Panama City in time for our connecting flights.
1.A. unless B. but C. because D. so
2.A. guilty B. blessed C. known D. ready
3.A. rode B. drove C. walked D. flew
4.A. hiking B. tennis C. boarding D. swimming
5.A. relaxed B. stopped C. arrived D. united
6.A. admiring B. expecting C. watching D. surfing
7.A. shopping B. field C. return D. business
8.A. cutting B. breaking C. beating D. calming
9.A. station B. shade C. seat D. entrance
10.A. camp B. car C. office D. house
11.A. rackets B. balls C. sticks D. rocks
12.A. bag B. pocket C. can D. suitcase
13.A. approached B. blamed C. passed D. pushed
14.A. except for B. instead of C. by means of D. in case of
15.A. enjoy B. dislike C. worry D. understand
16.A. If B. As C. Though D. After
17.A. side B. phone C. way D. trip
18.A. faded B. changed C. finished D. started
19.A. left B. cleaned C. searched D. protected
20.A. time B. effort C. problem D. opinion
高三英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
During the cold winter days, there are some interesting festivals in the world. Look at the following ones.
Harbin Ice and Snow Festival
Place: China
Time: January 5 to February 5
People build incredible things out of ice and snow, decorating them with lights.
The Carnival of Venice
Place: Italy
Time: between February and March
One of the most beautiful festivals in the world, people wear masks and elaborate costumes to hide differences among classes, and there an, contests for the best costumes.
Holi Festival
Place: India
Time: late February/March, on, the last full moon day
and Sikhs, in India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka celebrate the main day of this incredibly fun 16 -day festival by throwing colored powder and water at each other.
Sundance Film Festival
Place: Utah, the US
Time: end of February
The largest independent film festival in the US. Watch both feature films and shorts. You need to buy a ticket.
1.Which of the following festivals can’t be celebrated at the end of February?
A. Sundance Film Festival. B. Harbin Ice and Snow Festival.
C. Holi Festival. D. The Carnival of Venice.
2.If you want to watch wonderful films y you may go to .
A. India B. China
C. America D. Italy
3.If you go to Europe, which festival can you celebrate?
A. Sundance Film Festival. B. Holi Festival.
C. The Carnival Venice. D. Harbin Ice and Snow Festival.
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Online purchases have soared during the Chinese New Year holiday.
It’s the dead of winter in Shanghai. Delivery man Liu Jia and his colleagues start the day when most of people are still asleep. Working at a distribution point of a shopping website in Shanghai, they promise to deliver products within three hours of an order being placed. “I buy most of my grocery online, especially the heavy items. It’s convenient and cheap compared to the supermarket in my neighborhood,” Customer Chen Hong said. Orders such as these have increased for the New Year, forcing Liu Jia to work around the clock. “The orders are usually rice, laundry detergent（洗涤剂）, tissue paper and snacks, mostly food and articles for everyday use,” Liu Jia said.
According to an industry report, China’s B2C （Business to Customer） online sales are growing at an annual rate of 25 percent. Competition between online giants like Taobao and Jingdong is now fiercer than ever. “The essence of online shopping is that customers can buy products easily. So the competition is about: firstly, the range of products; secondly, the depth under each category of products; third, the price and user experience,” Pan Biao, vice president of YHD. com, said. E-commerce is one of China’s fastest growing sectors. It’s changed people’s buying habits, and even their living habits. And it’s had a huge impact on the retail industry. To make online shopping more convenient, major sites are investing heavily to build payment systems
and logistics（物流）networks.
On average, a retailer now can deliver goods to the majority of cities within 3 days, and to towns and more remote areas in the country within a week. “Competition will produce a number of good companies, making better products and services that customers need. In the field of E-commerce, we are leading the world in terms of products, services and industry development,” Liu Yinbin, associate professor with Dept of Information Management, Shanghai University, said. Experts also say customers are increasingly making their online purchases from mobile devices, opening up vast new opportunities and competition for retailers.
1.All of the following about Liu Jia are true EXCEPT that ________.
A. he works as an online store owner in Shanghai
B. he has to work around the clock to deliver so many products
C. he starts working when most of people are still asleep
D. he must deliver products within three hours of an order being placed
2.The possible meaning of the underlined word “essence” in Paragraph 3 is ________.
A. way B. advantage
C. result D. influence
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A. Chen Hong buys most of her electronic products online.
B. Pan Biao encourages retailers to open up new chances.
C. China’s B2C online sales are growing at a rate of 25 percent.
D. Liu Yinbin thinks competition will help make better products and services.
4.Which of the following can be the best topic of the passage?
A. Customers like buying mobile devices.
B. Online shopping increases rapidly for Chinese New Year.
C. Most customers buy food and articles for everyday use.
D. Taobao and Jingdong are competing fiercely.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
During the Winter Olympics in Sochi（索契）, 25,000 volunteers from Russia and other countries provided services for athletes and guests．The student Oksana Verkholyak helped translate Russian into English and Korean at the Games．She told us about their usual day．
“We get up at 7:30 in the morning．Then we have breakfast．Usually we have porridge for breakfast．There is always tea, coffee, bread and pies．After breakfast, we head for a bus stop and get on a bus which runs to the media center．It takes us 30 minutes to get there,” she said.
When volunteers arrived there, they went through the security （安全） check point．They couldn’t bring water or food with them．“Security guards check our bags．We are not allowed to have things made of metals．They check phones, video cameras, electric equipment and computers,” Oksana added.
In the evening volunteers got back to the apartment buildings．All of them were like one big family．They lived together and got some rest together—after dinner they went to the beach to watch the sunset．
Not only students helped organize the Sochi Olympics．There were many so-called silver volunteers who retired but didn’t lose interest in sports．Some of the volunteers had an experience working at the Olympic Games in other countries and even at the Moscow Olympics in 1980．
1.How many foreign languages did Oksana Verkholyak use at the Games?
A．One． B．Two. C．Three．
2.Where did the volunteers go first after breakfast?
A．To the apartment buildings．
B．To the security check point.
C．To a bus stop.
3.What couldn’t the volunteers take into the media center?
A．Water and computers．
B．Video cameras and phones．
C．Knives and hamburgers.
4.Which is NOT true about the silver volunteers?
A．They’re all young people．
B．They love sports．
C．Some of them have volunteered for the Olympics before．
5.What is the best title of this passage?
A．A volunteer’s day at Sochi Olympics
B．2014 Sochi Winter Olympics
C．Different jobs for volunteers
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The people from the south enjoy the________in the north during the winter because they have never seen snow before.
A．scenery B．sightseeing C．sight D．view
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Do you still remember the haze (雾霾) in the winter? So many people got terribly ill during or after the haze. 1.Here is advice for you to protect yourself in hazy weather.
Spend less time outdoors. This is the most effective way for self-protection in such bad weather. With PM 2.5 increasing 103mg per cubic meter, residents will risk a 2.29% increase of death, which experts found out in 2013. If you have to get out, avoid riding bicycles. 2.
Close your windows. Experts advise residents to avoid opening windows at home if you have to, avoid the time when smog is at its densest (浓的) 3. Besides, you can keep plants with broad leaves at home to absorb dusk, and use air purifiers.
Smoke less. 4. In hazy weather, smoking would be even more harmful. Smokers are advise to keep their distance from cigarettes before the weather gets better.
5. For example, wear special masks outside to avoid breathing in PM2.5. Then take off your coat after getting indoors and keep it away from your other clean clothes. Don’t forget to wash your face, rinse your mouth, and clean your nasal cavity (鼻腔) to clean the particulate matters(颗粒物) that fall on you. Last but not least, keep off stimulating foods.
A. Pay attention to other daily things.
B. Wear masks.
C. That’s because haze does harm to the health of people.
D. Also avoid rush hours, when pollutants will be denser.
E. For residents who use air-conditioner, make sure your apartment has enough oxygen indoors.
F. Take more fruits and vegetables instead, which are good for lung, spleen and kidney.
G. Cigarettes could cause more particulate matters, which are included in PM 2.5.
高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
Cold weather during winter months may keep many people from leaving home and running in the open air.
However, a new study shows that the drop in temperature is a good reason to run. In fact, researchers say, running in cold weather helps improve one’s performance.
Many people say running in the winter can be difficult. Two reasons are the low temperatures and bitter winds. Yet many runners might find it easier than running in hot weather.
That could be because lower temperatures reduce stress on the body. When you run in cold weather, your heart rate and the body’s dehydration (脱水) levels are lower than in warmer conditions. The body needs less water on a cold day than in warm weather.
This information comes from sports scientists at St. Mary’s University in London. John Brewer is a professor of applied sport science at St. Mary’s.
For this study, he and other researchers put a group of people into a room they called an “environmental chamber.” The researchers then recreated summer and winter weather conditions in the room. The test subjects were asked to run 10,000 meters under both conditions. Brewer says he and his team recorded biological measurements of the runners.
“We’ve got a group of subjects into the environmental chamber, we’ve changed the conditions to replicate the summer or winter and we’ve got them to run a 10km under both of those conditions and taken various measurements on each runner while they’ve been completing their 10km.”
Brewer says every movement runners make produces heat. He explains that one way in which we lose heat is by sweating. The body loses heat through droplets of sweat. He says the body also loses heat by transporting the blood to the surface of the skin.
1.What can we know about running in winter?
A. It increases pressure of the body. B. It improves the function of body.
C. It makes your heart rate higher. D. It needs more water than in summer.
2.What can we know about the research according to the text?
A. Researchers interviewed the subjects
B. Subjects were asked to run in winter and summer.
C. Subjects built the “environmental chamber”.
D. Biological measurements of the runners were recorded.
3.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “replicate” in Paragraph 7?
A. Combine. B. Remember.
C. Copy. D. Decorate.
4.What’s the best title for the passage?
A. Environmental Chamber B. The Way of Losing Heat
C. Running in Cold Weather Improves Performance D. Biological Measurements of the Runners
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Cold weather during winter months may keep many people from leaving home and running in the open air. However, a new study shows that the drop in temperature is a good reason to run. 1.
Many people say running in winter can be difficult. Two reasons are the low temperatures and bitter winds.2.That could be because lower temperatures reduce stress on the body. When you run in cold weather, your heart rate and the body's dehydration (脱水) levels are lower than in warmer conditions. 3.
This information comes from John Brewer, who is a professor of applied sport science at St. Mary’s. For this study, he and other researchers put a group of people into a room they called an "environmental chamber". The researchers then recreated summer and winter weather conditions in the room.4.Brewer says he and his team recorded biological measurements of the runners.
He says that the most important thing for people who run in cold conditions is to wear the right clothing. Wear gloves on your hands.5.And especially wear more than one layer of clothing to keep sweat away from your skin.
A.Yet many runners might find it easier than running in hot weather.
B. We have good reasons to run in winter.
C. Wear shoes that will keep you from falling.
D. Many feel nervous when running in the cold weather.
E. The body needs less water on a cold day than in warm weather.
F. In fact, running in cold weather helps improve one’s performance.
G. The test subjects were asked to run 10,000 meters under both conditions.
高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析