Back in 1975, economists planned rising life ...

Back in 1975, economists planned rising life expectancy (预期寿命) against countries’ wealth, and concluded that wealth itself increases longevity. It seemed self- evident: everything people need to be healthy--from food to medical care- costs money.

But it soon proved that the data didn't always fit that theory. Economic booms didn’t always mean longer lives. In addition, for reasons that weren’t clear, a given gain in gross domestic product (GDP) caused increasingly higher gains in life expectancy over time, as though it was becoming cheaper to add years of life. Moreover, in the 1980s researchers found gains in learning were associated with greater increases in life expectancy than gains in wealth were. Finally, the more educated people in any country tend to live longer than their less educated fellow citizens. But such people also tend to be wealthier, so it has been difficult to make out which factor is increasing lifespan.

Wolfgang Lutz and his colleagues have now done that by collecting average data on GDP per person，lifespan, and years of education from 174 countries, dating from 1970 to 2010. They found that, just as in 1975, wealth associated with longevity. But the association between longevity and years of schooling was closer, with a direct relationship that did not change over time, the way wealth does.

Lutz argues that because schooling happens many years before a person has attained their life expectancy, this association reflects cause: better education drives longer life. It also leads to more wealth, which is why wealth and longevity are also associated. But what is important, says Lutz, is that wealth does not seem to be longevity, as experts thought- in fact, education is driving both of them.

He thinks this is because education permanently improves a person’s cognitive abilities, allowing better planning and self-control throughout the rest of their life. This idea is supported by the fact that people who are more intelligent appear to live longer.

1.Which of the following best describes economists ’conclusion in 1975?

A.Lifespan could be increased by wealth.

B.Economic growth didn’t always mean longer life.

C.Education influenced longevity more than wealth did.

D.A given growth in GDP caused higher gains in longevity.

2.What did Wolfgang Lutz and his colleagues find?

A.Wealth and longevity did not have any association.

B.Longevity and education were more closely associated.

C.Differences in wealth predicted differences in longevity.

D.Relationship between education and longevity changed over time.

3.What part does education play permanently according to Lutz?

A.It enables people to have better planning and self-control.

B.It always leads to a longer but not necessarily richer life.

C.It improves people’s imaginative and innovative abilities.

D.It helps people acquire time-managing and learning habits.

4.Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

A.Wealth influences longevity.

B.Education influences longevity.

C.Wealth has nothing to do with longevity.

D.The relationship between education and wealth.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

D

What's driving the rise of obesity in the United States? A group of economists argued in a recent study that big-box grocers, warehouse clubs and fast-food restaurants are key contributors to the county's obesity epidemic(流行病).

General economic factors, ranging from unemployment to income, as well as the financial

or time costs of eating and physical activity account for 43 percent of the rise in obesity, according to a recent study published by the US National Bureau of Economic Research, as the adult obesity rate in the United States has surged from 13 percent in 1960 to 35 percent in 2012.

"Supercenter/warehouse club expansion and increasing numbers of restaurants are the leading drivers of the results," the study concluded. "We show that supercenter/warehouse club density increases the probability of weight loss attempts, raising the possibility that cheap food from these retailers triggers self- control problems."

The study suggests that the rise of supercenters and warehouse clubs, like Walmart and Costco, may impact Americans' eating habits as they make calorie-rich food cheaper and more accessible, and save customers a lot of time.

"Food's gotten cheaper and more readily available, so we eat more of it. It's really simple," said Charles Courtemanche, co- author of the study and a health economist at Georgia State University, in an interview with National Public Radio (NPR). "At least a sizable portion of the rise in obesity can be characterized as response to economic incentives."

Obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) of at least 30, leads to adverse health conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressures and stroke.

Obesity has become a major public health concern in the United States as the nation has one of the highest obesity rates in the world, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).

1.What does the underlined word “trigger”mean?

A. Cause.　 　　 　 B. Raise.

C. Solve. 　　　　 D. Explain.

2.From the passage we can infer _____.

A. the writer are opposed to fast-food restaurants .

B. 43 percent of the Americans are overweight.

C. America people begin to be concerned about obesity problem.

D. calorie-rich food are becoming much more expensive.

3.As reasons for obesity , which of the following hasn’t been mentioned in the passage?

A. Unemployment.　 B. Physical activity.

C. Eating time.　 D. Genes.

4.What is the writer’s purpose to write this passage?

A. To do research into people’s eating habit.

B. To analyze the reasons for people’s becoming fat.

C. To tell people calorie-rich food is bad for health.

D. To introduce the boom of big-box grocers.

5.In which column of a newspaper can you find this passage?

A. Anecdote.　　 　　 B. Life.

C. Business.　 　　 D. Science.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

It’s common knowledge that some countries have higher life expectancies(预期寿命) than others, but the city you live in can also affect your health.

Some cities are hard on their residents. In places with poor city planning, for example Lagos, which was called out recently by the Economist Intelligence Unit, public spaces are few, making outdoor activities hard. Lack of infrastructure(基础建设) blocks the streets with cars and the air with pollutants, and residents work long hours for little money.

These are just some of the factors added up by Spotahome, a rental agency. They’ve analyzed data from a range of sources, including the World Health Organization and TripAdvisor to score each city on health, life expectancies, obesity, green space and other elements to make a list to work out which are the world’s healthiest cities.

The list is certainly Eurocentric and sunshine is seen as a positive factor. It does go some way toward suggesting which cities are getting it right in providing a good life for their residents. It may not be surprising to learn that most of the healthiest cities are in northern Europe, known for its people-first approach to city planning. The cities of Australia and Canada also do well. However, the first American city is only in 34th place. The U.K. doesn’t fare too well either—its only city in the top 50 list is London, in 40th.

Whether you’re planning a pleasant holiday, or simply wondering what your city can do better in its pursuit for happy citizens, the list of the 50 healthiest cities will give you pause for thought about the future of city planning. Here are the slender, healthy-eating, clean-aired cities that are getting it right.

1.What plays the key role in building a healthy city according to the text?

A.Local culture. B.City planning. C.Economic condition. D.Geographical position.

2.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?

A.How the list of the healthiest cities came into being.

B.What Spotahome discovered in the recent study.

C.The reasons why Spotahome carried out the study.

D.The places where the data of the study came from.

3.What can we learn from the text?

A.Cities in America lack enough sunshine.

B.The U. K. ranked higher than America in the list.

C.Australia and Canada have the best city planning.

D.Some people in Lagos may live a poor life.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

____ an increase in foreign legal conflicts, China is expected to see the number continue to rise.

A. To witness B. Being witnessed

C. Witnessed D. Having witnessed

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

________　 an increase in foreign legal conflicts，China is expected to see the number continue to rise．

A．To witness B．Being witnessed

C．Witnessed D．Having witnessed

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

The clerk _______ a rise in salary from the boss, but he proved a disappointment.

A.expected B.has been expecting C.had been expecting D.has expected

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Businesses are expected to cut spending dramatically through much of 2009. A number of economists, including those National City and Wachovia, don’t expect business investment, which make up about one – tenth of US economic activity, to decline through 2009. According to a survey of 679 chief financial officers by Duke University and CFO Magazine this month, US businesses expect to cut capital spending by more than 10% in the next 12 months, a sharp decrease from September, when the CFOs expected business investment to increase slightly.

John Graham, finance professor at Duke and director of the survey, says businesses are finding ways to repair existing machinery and buildings rather than replace equipment or move. They likely won’t increase their spending until they see concrete evidence that the economy is improving.

Those planning meeting for late winter and early spring are either buying fewer or less – expensive items, or they’re not buying at all. One client who usually spends about $ 80,000 on a conference each year is spending half that. Robert Coen, director of forecasting at media – analysis firm Magna, predicts a 4.5% drop in ad spending to $ 259 billion in 2009 on the heels of a 3.2% drop in 2008. “A recovery in US ad budgets will probably not get underway until 2010,” he says. Another negative for 2009: There aren’t any big ad – spending events such as the Olympics or national elections.

Declining business spending will hurt a number of industries but will be especially tough for the manufacturing sector. Nearly two – thirds of manufacturers expect revenue(税收) to be unchanged or lower in 2009 than 2008, a survey from the Institute for Supply Management found.

1.According to John Graham, how did businesses to deal with the economy crisis?

A. They are spending less.

B. By increasing their business spending sharply.

C. By replacing old equipment with the new equipment.

D. By moving into the cheaper offices.

2.Why are the managers buying less – expensive items for their meetings?

A. To save money themselves.

B. To cut down on expenses and save for the companies.

C. To see the concrete evidence that the economy is on the mend.

D. To save money so they spend more on advertisements.

3.It can be inferred that in a year Olympics are held, many companies _________.

A. contribute more money to the poor        B. give the participants money

C. spend more money on advertising     D. cut down on advertising budgets

4.The best title for the passage is ____________.

A. Predictions about Buying New Equipment in 2009

B. Predictions about Conference Planning in 2009

C. Predictions about Advertising Spending in 2009

D. Predictions for Business Spending in 2009

高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

After years of planning and months of expectations, the 2016 Summer Games finally began in Brazil on August 5. Over 10,000 athletes from 207 countries marched across Rio de Janeiro’s Maracana stadium, proud to represent their respective nations at the world’s most famous sporting event.

The road to the Olympics, however, is not easy for any athlete. It has been particularly hard for Yusra Mardini, who is a member of the world’s first “Olympic Refugee (难民)Team.” The 19-year-old always dreamed of swimming for Syria at the Olympic Games. However, in August 2015, after losing her home in the conflict that has involved Syria since 2011, she and her sister decided to flee the country. The sisters along with a few other Syrian nationals made their way to Turkey via Lebanon. They then set sail on a small boat to their final destination — Greece.

Unluckily, thirty minutes after leaving Turkey, the motor on the ship which was meant to hold six passengers but was instead carrying twenty, failed. Yusra, her sister Sarah, and the only two other strong swimmers aboard the boat had no choice but to dive into the ocean and use their superior swimming skills to push the boat and its passengers all the way to Lesbos, Greece – A journey that took three hours.

While her dream of representing her country was ruined, Yusra did not give up her desire to compete in the Olympics. In March 2016, she was one of ten athletes selected and funded by the Olympic Committee to form the first-ever “Refugee Team.” International Olympic Committee president Thomas Bach believes that Yusra and her teammates, who have also had to flee their countries, “Will show the world that despite the unimaginable tragedies they have faced, anyone can compete, anyone can contribute to society through their talent, skill, and strength of the human spirit.”

1.What do we know about Yusra’s fleeing journey to Greece?

A. It was very hard.

B. It took three hours.

C. It was a failure.　

D. It was very smooth.

2.What is the right order of the events related to Yusra?

a. She became a member of the world’s first “Olympic Refugee Team”.

b. She dreamed of swimming for Syria at the Olympic Games.

c. She lost her home.

d. She fled Syria to Greece with her sister Sarah and a few other Syrians

A. b, a, c, d　　 B. a, b, c, d　 C. a, d, c, b　　 D. b, c, d, a

3.Thomas Bach’s attitude to Yusra is _______.

A. disapproving　　 B. tolerant　 C. supportive　　　 D. resistant

4.What is the best title for the text?

A. A Hard Road to the Olympic Games

B. Yusra Mardini — Refugee Team Swimmer

C. Yusra’s Strong Will to Compete in the Olympics

D. Athlete To Watch At The 2016 Rio Summer Olympics

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Recent data shows that people in the U.S. can expect to live an average life expectancy (寿命) of 78.7 years. That puts Americans well behind that of 80.3 years in developed countries like Canada, Germany and Japan. Luckily, a 2018 study from Harvard University found that keeping these five habits could add up to 10 years or more to a person’s life:

1. Maintain a healthy diet

This isn’t as easy as it sounds, especially when you’re dealing with your work, family and social commitments. may be tempting, for example, to grab a quick bite at a fast food chain on your lunch break or order takeout during late nights at the office. But a recent study published in the British journal found that poor diets lead to one in five deaths.1. A good diet, according to the researchers, contains minimally processed, whole foods and grains, vegetables, fruits, nuts and any natural source of protein (i.e. fish and beans).

2. Exercise daily

2. Even the world’s most successful business leaders, like Oprah Winfrey and Bill Gates, make physical activity a daily priority. Just small amounts of daily exercise can help maintain a healthy body weight, maintain healthy bones, muscles and joints, promote psychological well-being and reduce the risk of certain diseases, including some cancers.

3. Keep a healthy weight

A “healthy” weight varies from person to person, but usually a body mass index (BMl) between 18.5 and 24.9 is considered healthy. A study published in the International Journal of Obesity found that those who monitored their weight less frequently were more likely to gain weight. 3.

4. Limit your alcohol intake

Alcohol shows up at happy hour, conferences, social outings and so much more. Therefore, it’s hard to escape drinking it. To get through long days, some may even rely on alcohol as a stimulant (兴 奋剂) in social settings. 4. To begin with, it can add to your waistline and increase the risk of several cancers. While it can be difficult to moderate your alcohol intake, avoiding alcohol altogether benefits you a lot.

5. Don’t smoke

As the health risks of smoking have become increasingly apparent, there’s been more effort in warning people about the dangerous side effects.5. However, your body will thank you in the long run if you do so.

A. But there are many downsides.

B. That doesn’t mean it’ll be easy to kick the habit.

C. Start viewing the scale as tool to stay within the healthy range.

D. However, drinking heavily increases the risk of diabetes （糖尿病）.

E. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.

F. It’s absolutely essential to set aside time to exercise.

G It can also lead to problems like high blood pressure and diabetes.

高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析

Some young people in America are expected to leave ______ could be life’s most important decision---marriage--- entirely up to luck.

A. which                     B. that                               C. what                           D. as

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析