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Katharine Meyer Graham was once described as “the most powerful woman in America. She was not a government official or elected representative. She owned and published The Washington Post. Under her leadership, it became one of the most important newspapers in the country.
Katharine Meyer was born in New York City in 1917. Her father was a successful investment banker and became an important financial official. Her family was very rich. Katharine grew up in large houses in New York and Washington. Her parents were often away from home, traveling and working, Katharine was often lonely. Katherine Meyer graduated from the University of Chicago in Illinois in 1938. In 1933, her father bought a failing newspaper, The Washington Post. It was the least successful one of five newspapers in Washington.
Katharine Graham returned to Washington and got a job editing letters to the editor of her father's newspaper. She married Philip Graham. He was a clerk for Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter but soon accepted a job at his wife's father's newspaper. Mr. Graham improved The Washington Post. He bought Newsweek and several television stations. He also established close ties with important political leaders. However, Mr. Graham treated his wife badly. He had an affair with a young reporter. For many years, Mr. Graham suffered from mental illness. He killed himself in 1963.
Katharine Graham had four children to raise and a newspaper to operate. At first, she was only concerned about finding a way to keep control of The Washington Post until her sons were old enough. She did not think she had the ability to do an important job. She had no training in business or experience in operating a large company. In those days, it was unusual for a woman to be the head of a business. Women were expected to look after their homes and children.
Katharine Graham met with officials of the Washington Post. She was elected president of the Washington Post Company. She had no idea about how to operate a newspaper. So she decided to learn. She began by hiring Benjamin C.Bradlee. He later became chief editor. Mr. Bradlee improved the newspaper. He hired excellent reporters and editors. They began doing important investigative reporting. In 1969, Mrs. Graham became publisher as well as president of the Washington Post Company. In the 1970s, the Washington Post became famous around the world because of two major successes.
1.Katharine Graham is considered powerful because____________.
A. she was born of a very rich family
B. she had the most important newspaper.
C. she was in charge of the The Washington Post
D. she gained much money from newspapers
2.We can infer from the second paragraph that Katharine Graham_____________.
A. was one of the top students at university
B. helped her father in purchasing the paper.
C. didn’t take interest in managing a bank.
D. lived a rich life when she was young.
3.After Katharine Graham got married___________.
A. her husband gave up his previous job.
B. she got a job editing letters for the editor
C. she made The Washington Post improved.
D. her husband wanted to be a political leader
4.Faced with the death of Mr. Graham________________.
A. the four children felt lonely and hopeless
B. Katharine Graham made up her mind to raise the kids.
C. Katharine Graham thought more about gaining experience.
D. Katharine Graham seemed to be trapped in the dark world.
5.What do you think of Benjamin C. Bradlee?
A. He was an expert when it comes to earning money
B. He brought The Washington Post back to life
C. He intended to buy The Washington Post.
D. He should have given more help to Katharine Graham.
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Katharine Meyer Graham was once described as “the most powerful woman in America.” She was not a government official or elected representative. She owned and published The Washington Post. Under her leadership, it became one of the most important newspapers in the country.
Katharine Meyer was born in New York City in 1917. 
Her father was a successful investment banker and became an important financial official. Her family was very rich. Katharine grew up in large houses in New York and Washington. Her parents were often away from home, traveling and working, Katharine was often lonely. Katherine Meyer graduated from the University of Chicago in Illinois in 1938. In 1933, her father bought a failing newspaper, The Washington Post. It was the least successful one of five newspapers in Washington.
Katharine Graham returned to Washington and got a job editing letters to the editor of her father's newspaper. She married Philip Graham. He was a clerk for Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter but soon accepted a job at his wife's father's newspaper. Mr. Graham improved The Washington Post. He bought Newsweek and several television stations. He also established close ties with important political leaders. However, Mr. Graham treated his wife badly. He had an affair with a young reporter. For many years, Mr. Graham suffered from mental illness. He killed himself in 1963.
Katharine Graham had four children to raise and a newspaper to operate. At first, she was only concerned about finding a way to keep control of The Washington Post until her sons were old enough. She did not think she had the ability to do an important job. She had no training in business or experience in operating a large company. In those days, it was unusual for a woman to be the head of a business. Women were expected to look after their homes and children.
Katharine Graham met with officials of The Washington Post. She was elected president of The Washington Post Company. She had no idea about how to operate a newspaper. So she decided to learn. She began by hiring Benjamin C.Bradlee. He later became chief editor. Mr. Bradlee improved the newspaper. He hired excellent reporters and editors. They began doing important investigative reporting. In 1969, Mrs. Graham became publisher as well as president of The Washington Post Company. In the 1970s, The Washington Post became famous around the world because of two major successes.
1.Katharine Graham is considered powerful because ____________.
A. she was born of a very rich family
B. she had the most important newspaper
C. she was in charge of the The Washington Post
D. she gained much money from newspapers
2.We can infer from the second paragraph that Katharine Graham _____________.
A. was one of the top students at university
B. helped her father in purchasing the paper
C. didn’t take interest in managing a bank
D. lived a rich life when she was young
3. After Katharine Graham got married ___________.
A. her husband gave up his previous job
B. she got a job editing letters for the editor
C. she made The Washington Post improved
D. her husband wanted to be a political leader
4.Faced with the death of Mr. Graham ____________.
A. Katharine Graham had confidence to operate the newspaper well.
B. Katharine Graham made up her mind to raise the kids.
C. Katharine
Graham thought more about gaining experience.
D. Katharine Graham seemed to be trapped in the dark world.
5. What do you think of Benjamin C. Bradlee?
A. He was an expert when it came to earning money.
B. He brought The Washington Post back to life.
C. He intended to buy The Washington Post.
D. He should have given more help to Katharine Graham.
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Katharine Meyer Graham was once described 1._____ "the most powerful woman in America." She was not2._____ elected representative or a government official. She owned and published The Washington Post newspaper. Under her leadership, 3.______ became one of the most important newspapers in the country. To our surprise, she had no training in business 4.______ experience in operating a large company. She had no idea about 5._____ to operate a newspaper at first, 6._____ she never lost her confidence. Finally, she was managed to be one of the greatest women 7._____ was capable of leading the business of newspaper publishing.
Katharine Graham died of head injuries. At her funeral, friends of her said she would be remembered as a woman who had an important influence8.___ events in the United States and the world.
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A
Katharine Meyer Graham was once described as “the most powerful woman in America.” She was not a government official or elected representative. She owned and published The Washington Post. Under her leadership, it became one of the most important newspapers in the country.
Katharine Meyer was born in New York City in 1917. Her father was a successful investment banker and became an important financial official. Her family was very rich. Katharine grew up in large houses in New York and Washington. Her parents were often away from home, traveling and working, Katharine was often lonely. Katherine Meyer graduated from the University of Chicago in Illinois in 1938. In 1933, her father bought a failing newspaper, The Washington Post. It was the least successful one of five newspapers in Washington.
Katharine Graham returned to Washington and got a job editing letters to the editor of her father's newspaper. She married Philip Graham. He was a clerk for Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter but soon accepted a job at his wife's father's newspaper. Mr. Graham improved The Washington Post. He bought Newsweek and several television stations. He also established close ties with important political leaders. However, Mr. Graham treated his wife badly. He had an affair with a young reporter. For many years, Mr. Graham suffered from mental illness. He killed himself in 1963.
Katharine Graham had four children to raise and a newspaper to operate. At first, she was only concerned about finding a way to keep control of The Washington Post until her sons were old enough. She did not think she had the ability to do an important job. She had no training in business or experience in operating a large company. In those days, it was unusual for a woman to be the head of a business. Women were expected to look after their homes and children.
Katharine Graham met with officials of The Washington Post. She was elected president of The Washington Post Company. She had no idea about how to operate a newspaper. So she decided to learn. She began by hiring Benjamin C.Bradlee. He later became chief editor. Mr. Bradlee improved the newspaper. He hired excellent reporters and editors. They began doing important investigative reporting. In 1969, Mrs. Graham became publisher as well as president of The Washington Post Company. In the 1970s, The Washington Post became famous around the world because of two major successes.
1.Katharine Graham is considered powerful because ____________.
A. she was born of a very rich family
B. she had the most important newspaper
C. she was in charge of the The Washington Post
D. she gained much money from newspapers
2.We can infer from the second paragraph that Katharine Graham _____________.
A. was one of the top students at university
B. helped her father in purchasing the paper
C. didn’t take interest in managing a bank
D. lived a rich life when she was young
3.After Katharine Graham got married ___________.
A. her husband gave up his previous job
B. she got a job editing letters for the editor
C. she made The Washington Post improved
D. her husband wanted to be a political leader
4.Faced with the death of Mr. Graham ____________.
A. Katharine Graham had confidence to operate the newspaper well.
B. Katharine Graham made up her mind to raise the kids.
C. KatharineGraham thought more about gaining experience.
D. Katharine Graham seemed to be trapped in the dark world.
5.What do you think of Benjamin C. Bradlee?
A. He was an expert when it came to earning money.
B. He brought The Washington Post back to life.
C. He intended to buy The Washington Post.
D. He should have given more help to Katharine Graham.
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Ron Meyer is the president and COO（首席运营官） of Universal Studios．As one of the most successful business leaders in Hollywood, he heads up Universal Pictures and Universal Parks & Resorts．He's the guy who oversees the production of Multimillion-dollar extravaganzas（作品） like King Kong and Cinderella Man．
Meyer’s story sounds like the plot of one of his motion pictures．He grew up in a modest home where there was little income．It was a big deal to go to a restaurant．At 15, he quit high school and spent his time hanging out with the neighborhood toughs（流氓）．He was then a kid quick with his fists who seemed to get into fights somewhat regularly．At one point, he was separated from others with an infectious disease, having no TV and nothing to do．His mother sent him two books．One was The Amboy Dukes, a novel about kids in street gangs．The other was The Flesh Peddlers, about a guy in the talent agency（星探公司）who lived a successful life．“I realized,” he says, “that I was no longer that silly kid I had been, and I wanted to change my life．”
Meyer took any job he could get．He worked as a busboy and short-order cook．He cleaned offices and sold shoes．That attitude made an impression on people．One day he received a call from Paul Kohner, a successful agent who represented stars like John Huston, Charles Bronson and Lana Turner．Their messenger and driver had quit, and they knew Ron was willing to take whatever job they offered. He started the job the next day．
Meyer was lucky to work with a good boss―and he had the brains to make the most of that experience．In nearly six years of driving for Kohner, Meyer became his right-hand man and learned a lot．By the 1970s, Meyer had built many relationships in the business．In 1975, the fate presented an opportunity and he started his own operation Creative Artists Agency, which became a huge success, representing Hollywood legends like Barbra Streisand, Tom Hanks and Tom Cruise．
Twenty years later, Meyer was appointed to run Universal Studios, a position far beyond his youthful dream．But once he saw success was possible, he was driven to achieve it．Today, colleagues regularly owe his success―and theirs―to his humility and perseverance．It’s a level of success that takes determination, personality and intelligence, whether it comes from a college education or from the street．
1.What is the main idea of the passage?
A．How a bitter childhood contributes to one’s success．
B．It’s important to choose a right career to achieve one’s life goal．
C．A talent agency helps a person to become famous．
D．It’s people’s determination, intelligence and personality that decide their success．
2.What does the author mean by saying “he had the brains to make the most of that experience”?
A．He benefited a good deal from the experience．
B．He smartly took the opportunity to learn from the experience．
C．That experience made him ever smarter than ever before．
D．He used his brains to impress his boss．
3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．A talent agency is to oversee the production of movies．
B．Ron Meyer did far more successfully than Raul Kohner．
C．Relationship is the most important thing in the film industry．
D．Meyer had never thought of being as successful as today．
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Martha Graham, born in 1894, was one of the most famous dancers and creators of dance, whose influence on dance has been compared with the influence Picasso had on the modern visual arts, Stravinsky had on music, or Frank Lloyd Wright had on architecture. She created almost two hundred dance pieces. She is often called the Mother of Modern Dance.
Earlier in her life, however, Martha did not know that she would become a dancer. At that time, the dancers were looked down on. So Martha's parents didn't approve of her desire to dance at the beginning. Until 1916, she began her studies at the newly created Denishawn School of Dancing and Related Arts, founded by Ruth St. Denis and Ted Shawn, where Graham worked very hard to improve her ability to dance because she was considered too old to begin dancing.
In 1936, Graham made her defining work, "Chronicle”, which signaled the beginning of a new era in modern dance. The dance brought serious issues to the stage for the general public in a dramatic manner. Influenced by the Wall Street Crash of 1929, the Great Depression that followed, and the Spanish Civil War, it focused on depression and isolation, reflected in the dark nature of both the set and costumes.（服装）
Graham continued to dance past the age of seventy. Once again, she was met with criticism from people who came to watch her shows. But she didn't give up. Her last completed ballet was 1990's Maple Leaf Rag. "A Dancer's World" is an introduction to Graham and her work. She tells about her dances and her dance group shows some of their methods.
Martha Graham received many awards during her lifetime, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom in nineteen seventy-six. She was the first dancer to receive the country's highest civilian honor. She died in 1991 at the age of ninety-six. In 1998, Time magazine listed her as the "Dancer of the Century" and as one of the most important people of the twentieth century.
1.Some famous artists mentioned in Paragraph 1 show Martha Graham________ .
A. was influenced greatly by them
B. kept in touch with them regularly
C. had a great effect on modern dance
D. liked to make more friends with them
2.Why didn't Martha's parents approve of her desire to dance at first?
A. She was too old to learn American dance.
B. American dance was seen as a lower art form.
C. There was no academic school to teach dancing.
D. Her family was too poor to afford her tuition.
3.When Martha Graham continued to dance in her 70s, she_________.
A. was warmly welcomed by the youth
B. achieved huge success once again[
C. received many awards for her age
D. was attacked by people
4.The text is mainly about___________.
A. the background of modern dance in America
B. the development of modern dance in America
C. Martha Graham and her achievements in dance
D. the awards Martha Graham won in her life
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Once there, as is described in the novel, in a village by the sea, who made a living by fishing.
A. an old man lives B. lives an old man
C. an old man lived D. lived an old man
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"Hongmeng" was once used to describe the _____ state of the universe before matter existed.
A.original B.systematic C.permanent D.unconscious
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Described as the world’s most environmentally friendly protein, Solein is made by applying electricity to water to release bubbles of carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Living microbes(微生物) are then added to the liquid to feed on the carbon dioxide and hydrogen bubbles and produce the Solein, which is then dried to make the powder. It’s a natural fermentation(发酵) process similar to beer brewing. The dried Solein has a protein content of 50 percent and looks and tastes just like wheat flour.
“It is a completely new kind of food, a new kind of protein, different to all the food on the market todav in how it is produced as it does not need agriculture.” Dr Pasi Vinikka, the chief executive of Solar Foods told The Guardian. The process used to produce Solein — converting hydrogen and carbon dioxide to calories — is amazing, as the wonder food can be produced anywhere in the world. It’s also 10 times more energy-efficient per hectare than photosynthesis (光合作用), and 10 to 100 times more environment and climate-friendly in water use than animal or plant based food production.
“Solein also contains all the essential amino acids(氨基酸), but because it is produced using carbon dioxide and electricity, it does not require large amounts of land to produce,” the Solar Foods website explains. “Another unique characteristic of Solein is that it is able to take carbon directly from carbon dioxide without needing a source of sugar.”
While Solar Foods does not expect Solein to challenge conventional protein production methods in the next two decades, it does expect it to become a “new harvest” for humanity, which is significant considering so far we have only relied on plants and animals for sustenance. The Helsinki-based company plans to open its first Solein factory at the end of 2021 and scale up production to two billion meals per year by 2022.
1.Which of the following statements best describe the features of Solein?
A.It is a new kind of food containing all the nutrition.
B.It is made from water and carbon dioxide by applying electricity.
C.It is produced without consuming much land and energy.
D.It is a kind of man-made wheat flour.
2.What does the underlined word “converting” mean?
A.relating B.changing
C.contributing D.adapting
3.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.The company thinks Solein would have a rewarding future.
B.Solein is supposed to challenge traditional protein production.
C.There is still a long way for Solein to be put into production.
D.Humans can completely rely on Solein to survive.
4.What’s the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A.To promote a new kind of technology.
B.To introduce a new kind of food.
C.To make an ad for a new kind of protein.
D.To call on people to protect the environment.
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Described as the world’s most environmentally friendly protein（蛋白质）, Solein is made by applying electricity to water to release bubbles of carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Living microbes (微生物) are then added to the liquid to feed on the carbon dioxide and hydrogen bubbles and produce the Solein, which is then dried to make the powder. It’s a chemical change process similar to beer brewing. The dried Solein has a protein content of 50 percent and looks and tastes just like wheat flour.
“It is a completely new kind of food, a new kind of protein, different to all the food on the market today in how it is produced as it does not need agriculture.” Dr Pasi Vainikka, the chief manager of Solar Foods told The Guardian. The process used to produce Solein—changing hydrogen and carbon dioxide is amazing, as the wonder food can be produced anywhere in the world. It’s also 10 time-efficient than photosynthesis (光合作用), and 10 to 100 times more environment and climate-friendly in water use than animal or plant-based food production.
“Solein also contains all the essential amino acid (氨基酸),but because it is produced using carbon and electricity, it does not require large amounts of land to produce, ” the Solar Foods website explains. “Another unique characteristic of Solein is that it is able to take carbon directly from carbon dioxide without needing a source of sugar.”
While Solar Foods does not expect Solein to challenge conventional protein production methods in the next two decades, it does expect it to become a “new harvest” for humanity, which is significant considering so far we have only relied on plants and animals for sustenance. The Helsinki-based company plans to open its first Solein factory at the end of 2021 and increase production to two billion meals per year by 2022.
1.Why is Solein described as environmentally friendly?
A.Because it is man-made by using electricity.
B.Because it contains all the nutrition people need.
C.Because it is made consuming less land and energy.
D.Because it is produced from water and carbon dioxide.
2.What does Solar Foods expect of Solein?
A.It’ll have a rewarding future.
B.It’ll reach consumers in 2020.
C.It’ll challenge traditional protein production.
D.It’ll be a complete replacement for plants and animals.
3.What does the underlined word “sustenance” in last paragraph mean?
A.survival B.food
C.material D.support
4.Where is this text most likely from?
A.A textbook. B.A novel.
C.A magazine. D.A brochure.
Her father was a successful investment banker and became an important financial official. Her family was very rich. Katharine grew up in large houses in New York and Washington. Her parents were often away from home, traveling and working, Katharine was often lonely. Katherine Meyer graduated from the University of Chicago in Illinois in 1938. In 1933, her father bought a failing newspaper, The Washington Post. It was the least successful one of five newspapers in Washington.
Graham thought more about gaining experience.