The government should develop ________ system...

The government should develop ________ system to predict when wildfires occur and

give warnings in time.

A.previous              B.reliable          C.reasonable        D.responsible

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Scientists say they have developed a system that uses machine learning to predict when and where lightning will strike. Researchers report the system is able to predict lightning strikes up to 30 minutes before they happen within a 30-kilometer area.

Lightning is a strong burst of electricity in the atmosphere. Since it carries an extremely powerful electrical charge, it can be destructive and deadly. European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. For this reason, climate scientists have long sought to develop methods to predict lightning.

The system tested in the experiments uses a combination of data from weather stations and machine learning methods. The researchers developed a prediction model that was trained to recognize weather conditions that were likely to cause lightning.

The model was created with data collected over a 12-year period from 12 Swiss weather stations in cities and mountain areas. The data, related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed, was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm (算法), which compared it to records of lightning strikes. Researchers say the algorithm was then able to learn the conditions under which lightning happens.

The researchers test-ran the system several times. They found that the system made predictions that proved correct almost 80 percent of the time. “It can now be used anywhere,” the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology said in a statement.

The researchers plan to keep developing the technology in partnership with a European effort that aims to create a lightning protection program. The effort is called the European Laser Lightning Rod project. Scientists working on the project are experimenting with a laser technology that could someday control lightning activity, transferring lightning charges from clouds to the ground. They hope that such technology can one day be used as protection against lightning strikes. Possible uses could be at stations, airports or places where large crowds gather.

1.Why was the system developed?

A.To meet kids’ curiosity about lightning.

B.To show the power of lightning.

C.To keep track of lightning deaths.

D.To protect people from lightning.

2.What is special about the system?

A.It was based on a number of samples worldwide.

B.It adopted a different machine learning algorithm.

C.It used an effective method of collecting data.

D.It required low cost of predicting lightning.

3.What will the researchers do next with the laser technology?

A.Monitor lightning activity. B.Prevent the occurrence of lightning.

C.Direct energy from lightning. D.Generate electricity with lightning.

4.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A.A System of Controlling Lightning B.A Method of Forecasting Lightning

C.A Theory of Employing Lightning D.A Model of Creating Lightning

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Scientists say they have developed a system that uses machine learning to predict when and where lightning will strike. The research was led by engineers from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, Switzerland.

Lightning is a strong burst of electricity in the atmosphere. It can strike between clouds or between a cloud and the ground. Since lightning carries an extremely powerful electrical charge, it can be destructive and deadly. It is difficult to know exactly how many people die of lightning-related causes. European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. The strikes can also cause power failure, destroy property, damage electrical equipment and start forest fires.

For this reason, climate scientists have long sought to develop methods to predict and control lightning. The system tested in the experiments uses a combination of data from weather stations and machine learning methods. The researchers developed a prediction model that was trained to recognize weather conditions that were likely to cause lightning. The model was created with data collected over a 12-year period from 12 Swiss weather stations in cities and mountain areas. The data related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity (湿度) and wind speed. The atmospheric data was placed into a machine learning algorithm (计算程序), which compared it to records of lightning strikes. Researchers say the algorithm was then able to learn the conditions under which lightning happens.

“Once trained, the system made predictions that proved correct almost 80 percent of the time,” the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology said in a statement. “It can now be used anywhere.”

Amirhossein Mostajabi, a PhD student at the institute, said current systems for gathering such data are slow and complex and require costly collection equipment like radar or satellites. “Our method uses data that can be obtained from any weather station,” he said. “This will improve data collection in very remote areas not covered by radar and satellite or in places where communication systems have been cut,” he added.

The researchers plan to keep developing the technology in partnership with a European effort that aims to create a lightning protection system. Scientists working on the Paris-based project are experimenting with a laser technology that could someday control lightning activity. The idea is that powerful, ground-based lasers can be positioned in the sky to direct energy from lightning.

1.What does Paragraph 2 mainly focus on?

A.The cause of lightning. B.The forming process of lighnting.

C.The destruction of lightning. D.The difficulty to count the deaths.

2.Which is the correct order of how the system works?

① develop a prediction model.

② learn to recognize weather conditions.

③ collect related data.

④ input the data onto the computer.

⑤ make predictions.

A.①→②→③→④→⑤ B.③→④→①→②→⑤

C.①→②→④→③→⑤ D.③→①→②→⑤→④

3.What’s the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology’s attitude toward the system?

A.Satisfied. B.Doubtful.

C.Negative. D.Neutral.

4.The advantage of the new system for collecting data lies in its　　　　 .

A.accuracy B.efficiency

C.wide coverage D.reliability

5.What does the Paris-based project aim to do?

A.Identify lighting. B.Predict lighting.

C.Stop lighting. D.Control lighting.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Scientists say they’ve developed a system using machine learning to predict when and where lighting will strike.The research was led by engineers from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, Switzerland.

European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. The strikes can also cause power outages, destroy property, damage electrical equipment and start forest fires. For these reasons, climate scientists have long sought to develop methods to predict and control lightning. In the United States and other places, ground-based sensing devices are used to identify strikes as they happen. But, no system has been created to effectively predict lightning.

The system tested in the experiments used a combination of data from weather stations and machine learning methods. The researchers developed a prediction model that was trained to recognize weather conditions that were likely to cause lightning.

The model was created with data collected over a 12-year period from 12 Swiss weather stations in cities and mountain areas. The data related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed.

The atmospheric, data was placed into a machine learning algorithm (算法), which compared it to records of lightning strikes. Researchers say the algorithm was then able to learn the conditions under which lightning happens.

Amirhossein Mostajabi is a PhD student at the institute who led the development of the method. He said, “current systems for gathering such data are slow and complex and require costly collection equipment like radar or satellites.”

“Our method uses data that can be obtained from any weather station,” Mostajabi said. “This will improve data collection in very remote areas not covered by radar and satellite or in places where communication systems have been cut,” he added.

The researchers plan to keep developing the technology in partnership with a European effort that aims to create a lightning protection system. The effort is called the European Laser Lightning Rod project.

1.Why have climate scientists tried to predict and control lighting?

A.To collect relative data.

B.To reduce the destruction lightning has been causing.

C.To create a scientific system.

D.To do research in relation to machine learning.

2.The four mentioned surface conditions include all the following EXCEPT________.

A.air pollution

B.wind speed

C.relative humidity

D.air temperature

3.What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 5 refer to?

A.Lighting.

B.The system being tested.

C.The atmospheric data.

D.The machine learning algorithm.

4.What can we learn about Mostajabi from the passage?

A.He developed the method and the system himself.

B.He thinks the current systems are too slow and simple.

C.He is a professor at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology.

D.He believes their system does much better in data collection.

5.Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?

A.Lightning Causes Huge World Wide Damage.

B.Scientists Test Systems to Predict Lightning.

C.Machine Learning Has Made New Breakthrough.

D.A New Approach Has Improved Data Collection.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

With some technical problems to be solved, it may be a while________the system is put into use.

A．when           B．after          C．since          D．before

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

To keep Chinese economy going on, the government has established an employment service system for _____ jobless urban residents, and for older laid-off and unemployed persons.

A. badly off       B. well off        C. cut off        D. paid off

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

To keep Chinese economy going on, the government has established an employment service system for ____ jobless urban residents.

高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

________the safety of gas, the government has checked the city’s gas supply system thoroughly.

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Our government is trying its best to ____the social security system to protect people's rights．

A．balance          B．reform            C．conduct         D．press

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

The new education system is said to be _______ to the successful development of the country.

A. apparent            B. central　　             C. allergic　             D. generous　　

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析