But what is teacher quality? How can one measure it reliably?
An analysis is issued on a sample of data from a Texas school district. Experts argue convincingly that teacher effectiveness should be measured by students’ gains on standardized tests: Mr. Smith is probably a better teacher than Ms. Brown if his students consistently improve their test scores more than hers do.
Though this approach is appealing, there are tricky issues. For example, what if Ms. Brown teaches in a school where students score so high there is little room for improvement?
The authors try to correct for this problem, as well as other sorts of measurement issues, to generate a measurement of teacher effectiveness. The paper is primarily concerned with how this measure is related to other observable characteristics.
The first finding is that there is a large variation in teacher effectiveness: some teachers consistently have a larger impact on their students’ achievement than others.
Second, easily observable characteristics like having a master’s degree or a passing score on the teacher certification exam are not correlated关联 with teacher effectiveness.
Then what does matter? The most important single influence is experience: first-year teachers are much less effective than others. The second year is significantly better, and by the fourth year, most teachers hit their stride.
It is not entirely clear whether this experience effect is learning by doing (the more you teach, the more effective you become) or survival of the fittest (those who are not good at teaching tend to drop out early.)
From my reading of the paper, both effects appear important and there is no simple answer. The data do suggest, however, that teacher effectiveness is pretty clear by the end of the second year, so the information to make an informed decision is available at that time.
The authors also investigate the contentious 有争议的issue of racial matching of students and teachers. Here they find strong evidence that minority teachers tend to be more effective with minority students. Again, it is unclear whether this is because of a role model effect (students respond better to a teacher of their own race) or an empathy effect 移情效应(teachers empathize better with students of their own race) or something else entirely.
The authors also look at teacher mobility. There is some evidence that teachers who quit teaching or switch schools tend to be below average in effectiveness. This is consistent with the survival-of-the-fittest model.
1.The schoolmaster could decide wisely whether to further employ the teacher by the end of the ______.
A. the first year B. the second year C. the third year D. the fourth year
2.The phrase “hit their stride” most probably means “______”.
A. reach their normal level B. become confident
C. walk with long steps D. get bored
3.The author of this passage holds the view that ______.
A. teachers will perform better with time passing
B. ineffective teachers should leave earlier rather than later
C. teacher’s effectiveness is apparent after a couple of years
D. a master’s degree will improve teacher’s effectiveness
4.Why do black teachers tend to be more effective with black students?
A. Students fell secure, so they respond better.
B. Teachers sympathize with students of their own race.
C. There are entirely some other identified reasons.
D. The reasons are far from clear and definite.
5.Which of the following may serve as the best title?
A. The Quality of Teaching
B. Impact of Teacher Quality on Student Learning
C. Different Sorts of Measurement Issues
D. Survival-of-the-fittest Model vs. Learning-by-doing Model
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
But what is teacher quality? How can one measure it reliably?
An analysis is issued on a sample of data from a Texas school district. Experts argue convincingly that teacher effectiveness should be measured by students’ gains on standardized tests: Mr. Smith is probably a better teacher than Ms. Brown if his students consistently improve their test scores more than hers do.
Though this approach is appealing, there are tricky issues. For example, what if Ms. Brown teaches in a school where students score so high there is little room for improvement?
The authors try to correct for this problem, as well as other sorts of measurement issues, to generate a measurement of teacher effectiveness. The paper is primarily concerned with how this measure is related to other observable characteristics.
The first finding is that there is a large variation in teacher effectiveness: some teachers consistently have a larger impact on their students’ achievement than others.
Second, easily observable characteristics like having a master’s degree or a passing score on the teacher certification exam are not correlated关联 with teacher effectiveness.
Then what does matter? The most important single influence is experience: first-year teachers are much less effective than others. The second year is significantly better, and by the fourth year, most teachers hit their stride.
It is not entirely clear whether this experience effect is learning by doing (the more you teach, the more effective you become) or survival of the fittest (those who are not good at teaching tend to drop out early.)
From my reading of the paper, both effects appear important and there is no simple answer. The data do suggest, however, that teacher effectiveness is pretty clear by the end of the second year, so the information to make an informed decision is available at that time.
The authors also investigate the contentious 有争议的issue of racial matching of students and teachers. Here they find strong evidence that minority teachers tend to be more effective with minority students. Again, it is unclear whether this is because of a role model effect (students respond better to a teacher of their own race) or an empathy effect 移情效应(teachers empathize better with students of their own race) or something else entirely.
The authors also look at teacher mobility. There is some evidence that teachers who quit teaching or switch schools tend to be below average in effectiveness. This is consistent with the survival-of-the-fittest model.
1.The schoolmaster could decide wisely whether to further employ the teacher by the end of the ______.
A. the first year B. the second year C. the third year D. the fourth year
2.The phrase “hit their stride” most probably means “______”.
A. reach their normal level B. become confident
C. walk with long steps D. get bored
3.The author of this passage holds the view that ______.
A. teachers will perform better with time passing
B. ineffective teachers should leave earlier rather than later
C. teacher’s effectiveness is apparent after a couple of years
D. a master’s degree will improve teacher’s effectiveness
4.Why do black teachers tend to be more effective with black students?
A. Students fell secure, so they respond better.
B. Teachers sympathize with students of their own race.
C. There are entirely some other identified reasons.
D. The reasons are far from clear and definite.
5.Which of the following may serve as the best title?
A. The Quality of Teaching
B. Impact of Teacher Quality on Student Learning
C. Different Sorts of Measurement Issues
D. Survival-of-the-fittest Model vs. Learning-by-doing Model
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life is measured _________ how much they can borrow, not how much they can earn.
A. on top of B. in case of C. in terms of D. regardless of
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
— I don’t think this TV set is of good quality. Can you replace it with a new one?
— ___________. But I have to talk to my manager first.
A.I’m sorry | B.No way | C.No problem | D.That’s a question |
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
---How old can you guess your new English teacher is ?
--- It’s hard to say. But I guess him to be _____between 35 and 40.
A. anybody B. anywhere C. anyhow D. anything
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
--- How old can you guess your new English teacher is?
--- It’s hard to say.But I guess him to be _________ between 35 and 40.
A. anything B. anywhere
C. anybod D. anyway
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
--- How old can you guess your new English teacher is?
--- It’s hard to say.But I guess him to be _________ between 35 and 40.
A.anything B.anywhere C.anybody D.anyway
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
—Thanks for your help, but can you do me one more favor, please?
—______, sir.What's it then?
A.It is nothing B.That's right
C.At your service D.Never mind
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Empathy (同理心)is one of those strange qualities—something almost everyone wants, but few know how to truly give or receive it. In a world where self-satisfaction is emphasized, it is in short supply but high demand. This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.
What Is Empathy?— Many people confuse sympathy and empathy, but they are two distinct values. Empathy is not just the ability to understand someone's feelings; criminals often take advantage of people by appearing to understand their feelings and subsequently gaining their trust. Empathy is more than that. Not only is it the ability to recognize how someone feels, but it also values and respects the feelings of another person. It means treating others with kindness, dignity, and understanding.
Kids Need To See Adults Show Empathy—While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts, in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them. It begins with the way parents relate to their children. Parents who show an interest in the things that matter to their kids and respond to emotions in a positive and caring way are teaching the skill of empathy.
Meet Emotional Needs—When children have their emotional needs met, two things happen. They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving, meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive. An empty jug cannot fill a cup.
It's a good idea to talk to kids about emotions and how other people experience them. Give their emotions names (for example, jealousy, anger, and love) and teach them that these are normal. Talk to them about how to handle emotions in a positive way and point out situations where other people are experiencing emotions. Teach them about respecting the emotions of others and show them how to act in a situation where a response is required.
1.Why is it that the next generation are taught to have empathy?
A.Because people tend to center themselves. B.Because everyone lacks empathy.
C.Because empathy is a strange quality. D.Because it's better to give than to receive.
2.Which situation can empathy be used in?
A.When a mathematician is calculating the area of a farmland.
B.When a teacher is comforting a student about his failure in exams.
C.When a criminal is cheating a victim.
D.When a dancer is dancing to music.
3.What does the underlined sentence "An empty jug cannot fill a cup" mean?
A.An empty jug is too small to hold a cup.
B.It's a must to talk to kids about emotions.
C.Adults should set an example to kids.
D.Kids give empathy with their emotional needs met first.
4.What is the main topic of the passage?
A.How to train kids to have empathy.
B.How to distinguish sympathy and empathy.
C.How to help kids finish empathy-related tasks.
D.Whether kids can be trained to be more empathetic.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Empathy (同理心) is one of those strange qualities-something almost everyone wants, but few know how to truly give or receive it. In a world where self - satisfaction is emphasized, it is in short supply but high demand. This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.
What Is Empathy? Many people confuse sympathy and empathy, but they are two distinct values. Empathy is not just the ability to understand someone’s feelings; criminals often take advantage of people by appearing to understand their feelings and subsequently gaining their trust. Empathy is more than that. Not only is it the ability to recognize how someone feels, but it also values and respects the feelings of another person. It means treating others with kindness, dignity, and understanding.
Kids Need To See Adults Show Empathy—While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts, in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them. It begins with the way parents relate to their children. Parents who show an interest in the things that matter to their kids and respond to emotions in a positive and caring way are teaching the skill of empathy.
Meet Emotional Needs—When children have their emotional needs met, two things happen. They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving, meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive. An empty jug cannot fill a cup.
It’s a good idea to talk to kids about emotions and how other people experience them. Give their emotions names ( for example, jealousy, anger, and love) and teach them that these are normal. Talk to them about how to handle emotions in a positive way and point out situations where other people are experiencing emotions. Teach them about respecting the emotions of others and show them how to act in a situation where a response is required.
1.Why are the next generation taught to have empathy?
A.People tend to center themselves. B.Everyone needs empathy.
C.Empathy is a strange quality. D.It’s better to give than to receive.
2.Which situation can empathy be used in?
A.When a mathematician is calculating the area of a farmland.
B.When a teacher is comforting a student about his failure in exams.
C.When a criminal is cheating a victim.
D.When a dancer is dancing to music.
3.What does the underlined sentence “An empty jug cannot fill a cup” mean?
A.An empty jug is too small to hold a cup.
B.It’s a must to talk to kids about emotions.
C.Adults should set an example to kids.
D.Kids give empathy with their emotional needs met first.
4.What is the best tile of the passage?
A.How to train kids to have empathy.
B.How to distinguish sympathy and empathy.
C.How to help kids finish empathy-related tasks.
D.Whether kids can be trained to be more empathetic.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
How exciting it is to visit China! China can offer what 1. (appeal) to every visitor, but the crowds can be an issue.
Before getting on the plane, train, or bus, learn from these mistakes to avoid the crowds and make the 2. (much) of your holiday.
There are certain dates throughout the year when the entire country takes a vacation at the same time. If you travel in China during one of these “golden weeks”, you 3. expect never-ending lines, 4. (pack) public transportation, and seas of strangers appearing in the background of your photos. So it is important lo gel familiar with the dales 5. (minimize) your travel stress.
Of course, any trip to China wouldn’t be complete without seeing major cultural landmarks, 6. the Great Wall, or the Forbidden City. However, there are so many worthwhile places lo experience, 7. may not be listed in your tour book.
Also, with a family to travel together, 8. (wake) up early can be a challenge. Do your best to wake up early and take your breakfast to go; it’s worth it. Getting to an 9. (attract) early will allow you to experience it 10. (full) without the inconvenience of a large crowd.
高三英语短文填空困难题查看答案及解析