Destiny and Personal ResponsibilityOne import...

Destiny and Personal Responsibility

One important variable affecting communication across cultures is destiny（命运）and personal responsibility. This refers to the degree to which we feel ourselves the masters of our lives, contrary to the degree to which we see ourselves as subject to things outside our control. Another way to look at this is to ask how much we see ourselves able to change and act, to choose the course of our lives and relationships. Some have drawn a parallel between the personal responsibility in North American settings and the view itself. The North American view is vast, with large spaces of unpopulated land. The frontier attitude of “King” of the wilderness, and the expansiveness of the land reaching huge distances, may relate to generally high levels of confidence in the ability to shape and choose our destinies.

In this expansive land, many children grow up with a heroic sense of life, where ideas are big, and hope springs forever. When they experience temporary failures, they encouraged to redouble their efforts, to “try, try again.” Action, efficiency（效率）, and achievement are valued and expected. Free will is respected in laws and enforced by courts.

Now consider places in the world with much smaller land, whose history reflects wars and tough struggles: Northern Ireland, Mexico, Israel, Palestine. In these places, destiny’s role is more important in human life. In Mexico, there is a history of hard life, fighting over land, and loss of homes. Mexicans are more likely to see struggles as part of their life and unavoidable. Their passive attitude is expr4essed in their way of responding to failure or accident by saying “no mode” (“no way” or “tough lick”), meaning that the failure was destined.

This variable is important to understanding cultural conflict. If someone believing in free will crosses paths with someone more passive, miscommunication is likely. The first person may expect action and accountability. Failing to see it, he may conclude that the second is lazy, not cooperative, or dishonest. The second person will expect respect for the natural order of thins. Failing to see it, he may conclude that the first is forcible, rude, or big headed in his ideas of what can be accomplished or changed.

1..

The author thinks that one’s character is partly determined by________.

A．physical senses                      B．general attitude

C．financial background                 D．geographic characteristics

2..

According to the passage, Mexicans would think that Americans are________.

A．impractical      B．dishonest        C．ambitious        D．hesitant

3..

The underlined word “subject” in Paragraph 1 probably means________.

A．a topic of a discussion              B．a branch of knowledge

C．a person being experimented on       D．a person under the power of others.

4..

The author would probably agree that________.

A．vast land may lead to a more controllable desire

B．heroic sense of life roots deeply in a small country

C．living in limited space contributes to an accepting attitude

D．fighting over land may help people gain high levels of confidence

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Destiny and Personal Responsibility

One important variable affecting communication across cultures is destiny（命运）and personal responsibility. This refers to the degree to which we feel ourselves the masters of our lives, contrary to the degree to which we see ourselves as subject to things outside our control. Another way to look at this is to ask how much we see ourselves able to change and act, to choose the course of our lives and relationships. Some have drawn a parallel between the personal responsibility in North American settings and the view itself. The North American view is vast, with large spaces of unpopulated land. The frontier attitude of “King” of the wilderness, and the expansiveness of the land reaching huge distances, may relate to generally high levels of confidence in the ability to shape and choose our destinies.

In this expansive land, many children grow up with a heroic sense of life, where ideas are big, and hope springs forever. When they experience temporary failures, they encouraged to redouble their efforts, to “try, try again.” Action, efficiency（效率）, and achievement are valued and expected. Free will is respected in laws and enforced by courts.

Now consider places in the world with much smaller land, whose history reflects wars and tough struggles: Northern Ireland, Mexico, Israel, Palestine. In these places, destiny’s role is more important in human life. In Mexico, there is a history of hard life, fighting over land, and loss of homes. Mexicans are more likely to see struggles as part of their life and unavoidable. Their passive attitude is expr4essed in their way of responding to failure or accident by saying “ni modo”(“no way” or “tough lick”), meaning that the failure was destined.

This variable is important to understanding cultural conflict. If someone believing in free will crosses paths with someone more passive, miscommunication is likely. The first person may expect action and accountability. Failing to see it, he may conclude that the second is lazy, not cooperative, or dishonest. The second person will expect respect for the natural order of thins. Failing to see it, he may conclude that the first is forcible, rude, or big headed in his ideas of what can be accomplished or changed.

1.The author thinks that one’s character is partly determined by________.

A．physical senses                      B．general attitude

C．financial background                 D．geographic characteristics

2.According to the passage, Mexicans would think that Americans are________.

A．impractical      B．dishonest        C．ambitious        D．hesitant

3.The underlined word “subject” in Paragraph 1 probably means________.

A．a topic of a discussion              B．a branch of knowledge

C．a person being experimented on       D．a person under the power of others

4.The author would probably agree that________.

A．vast land may lead to a more controllable desire

B．heroic sense of life roots deeply in a small country

C．living in limited space contributes to an accepting attitude

D．fighting over land may help people gain high levels of confidence

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

One important variable affecting communication across cultures is destiny (命运) and personal responsibility. This refers to the degree to which we feel ourselves the masters of our lives, contrary to the degree to which we see ourselves as subject to things outside our control. Another way to look at this is to ask how much we see ourselves able to change and act, to choose the course of our lives and relationships. Some have drawn a parallel between the personal responsibility in North American settings and the view itself. The North American view is vast, with large spaces of unpopulated land. The frontier attitude of “King” of the wilderness, and the expansiveness of the land reaching huge distances, may relate to generally high levels of confidence in the ability to shape and choose our destinies.

In this expansive land, many children grow up with a heroic sense of life, where ideas are big, and hope springs forever. When they experience temporary failures, they are encouraged to redouble their efforts, to “Try, try again.” Action, efficiency, and achievement are valued and expected. Free will is respected in laws and enforced by courts.

Now consider places in the world with much smaller land, whose history reflects wars and tough struggles: Northern Ireland, Mexico, Israel, Palestine. In these places, destiny’s role is more important in human life. In Mexico, there is a history of hard life, fighting over land, and loss of homes. Mexicans are more likely to see struggles as part of their life and unavoidable. Their passive attitude is expressed in their way of responding to failure or an accident by saying “ni modo” (“no way” or “tough lick”), meaning that the failure was destined.

This variable is important to understanding cultural conflicts. If someone believing in free will crosses paths with someone more passive, miscommunication is likely. The first person may expect action and responsibility. Failing to see it, he may conclude that the second is lazy, not cooperative, or dishonest. The second person will expect respect for the natural order of things. Failing to see it, he may conclude that the first is forcible, rude, or big headed in his ideas of what can be accomplished or changed.

1.The author thinks that one’s character is partly determined by ________.

A．physical senses                         B．general attitude

C．financial background                     D．geographic characteristics

2.According to the passage, Mexicans would think that Americans are ________.

A．impractical        B．dishonest          C．ambitious         D．hesitant

3.The underlined word “subject” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.

A．a topic of a discussion                    B．a branch of knowledge

C．a person being experimented on           D．a person under the power of others

4.The author would probably agree that ________.

A．vast land may lead to a more controllable desire

B．heroic sense of life roots deeply in a small country

C．living in limited space contributes to an accepting attitude

D．fighting over land helps people gain high levels of confidence

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Neatness and personal cleanness have been around for ages and have become an important part of everyone’s daily routine. You might think that all modern societies would have the same neatness and personal cleanness practices. After all, doesn’t everybody take baths? Most people do recognize the need for cleanness, which is the basis for health. Neatness practices include all the little things people do to make themselves look their best, such as combing their hair and putting on makeup. However, while most modern people agree that these things are important, people in different cultures take care of themselves in different ways.

There used to be an old joke in America that people should take a bath once a week, whether they need one or not. In fact, though, Americans generally take a bath or more commonly, a shower every day. But in contrast to some cultures, most Americans get their shower in the morning so that they can start the day fresh. Americans are known for having very sensitive noses. In America, body smell is socially unacceptable. For that reason, Americans consider it a must to use special lotion (浴液) to prevent the smell. Ladies often add a touch of perfume. Men may spray on after – shave cream or manly – smelling perfume.

Some of the cultural varieties in neatness practices result from physical differences between races. Whereas many Asian men have little facial hair, Westerners have a lot. As a result, most American men spend some time each day shaving or tidying their facial hair to keep it nice. American women, on the other hand, generally prefer not to be hairy at all.

　Americans put great value on both neatness and personal cleanness. For some people, taking care of themselves has become almost a religion. As the old saying goes, “Cleanness is next to godliness.” Whether or not being clean and neat – looking brings one closer to God, it certainly at least brings one closer to others. Americans look down on people who don’t take care of themselves, or who “let themselves go.”

68．We can infer from the first paragraph that ________.

A．everyone takes baths daily to get a nice look.

B．people have the same neatness practices today.

C．neatness practices may be affected by cultures.

D．neatness means combing hair and doing makeup.

69．Americans have a bath in the morning to ________.

A．begin an energetic day                                  B．refresh their sensitive noses

C．prevent their body smell                               D．style their hair at home

70．According to the author, physical differences between races can cause differences in ________.

A．cultures                   B．locations                  C．religions                   D．neatness practice

71．The underlined phrase in the last paragraph means “________”.

A．care much about themselves                      B．give loose to themselves

C．stay away from other people                       D．stay closer to other people

高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying________.

A. connected　　 　　　　　 B. connecting

C. to connect　　 　　　　 D. to be connected

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying________.

A. connected　　 B.　 connecting　　 C.　 to connect　　 D.　 to be connected

高三英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析

Sex prejudices are based on and justified by the ideology(意识形态) that biology is destiny. According to this ideology, basic biological and psychological differences exist between the sexes. These differences require each sex to play a separate role in social life. Women are the weaker sex both physically and emotionally. Thus, they are naturally suited, much more so than men, to the performance of domestic(家庭的) duties. A woman’s place, under normal circumstances, is within the protective environment of the home. Nature has determined that women play caretaker roles, such as wife and mother and homemaker. On the other hand, men are best suited to go out into the competitive world of work and politics, where serious responsibilities must be taken on. Men are to be the providers; women and children are “dependents”.

The ideology also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex. It is appropriate for women, not men, to be employed as nurses, social workers, elementary school teachers, house-hold helpers, clerks and secretaries. These positions are simply an extension of women’s domestic role. Informal distinctions between “women’s work” and “men’s work” in the labor force, according to the ideology, are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes.

Finally, the ideology suggests that nature has worked her will in another significant way. For the human species to survive over time, its members must regularly reproduce. Thus, women must, whether at home or in the labor force, make the most of their physical appearances.

So goes the ideology. It is, of course, not true that basic biological and psychological differences between the sexes require each to play sex-defined roles in social life. There is enough evidence that sex roles vary from society to society, and those role differences that do exist are largely learned.

But to the degree people actually believe that biology is destiny and that nature intended for men and women to make different contributions to society, sex-defined roles will be seen as totally acceptable.

1.According to the biology-is-destiny ideology, women_______.

A. cannot compete with men in any field

B. are suited more to domestic jobs than men

C. are sensitive enough to be a good caretaker

D. are too weak to do any agricultural work at all

2.Those who have prejudices against women think that_______.

A. women shouldn’t go out for work

B. women should earn money to add the family income

C. women going out for work should only do “women’s work”

D. women should take jobs to drill the special capabilities of the sex

3.The author thinks that the positions women hold outside_______.

A. are determined by what they are better suited to

B. grow out of their household responsibilities

C. represent their breakthrough of sex discrimination

D. are physically and emotionally suitable to them

4.What does the underlined sentence imply?

A. Sex roles are socially determined

B. Sex roles are emotionally and physically determined

C. Sex roles are biologically and psychologically determined

D. Sex roles are determined by education people take

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

Sex prejudices are based on and justified by the ideology（意识形态） that biology is destiny. According to this ideology, basic biological and psychological differences exist between the sexes. These differences require each sex to play a separate role in social life. Women are the weaker sex both physically and emotionally. Thus, they are naturally suited, much more so than men, to the performance of domestic（家庭的） duties. A woman’s place, under normal circumstances, is within the protective environment of the home. Nature has determined that women play caretaker roles, such as wife and mother and homemaker. On the other hand, men are best suited to go out into the competitive world of work and politics, where serious responsibilities must be taken on. Men are to be the providers; women and children are “dependents”.

The ideology also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex. It is appropriate for women, not men, to be employed as nurses, social workers, elementary school teachers, house-hold helpers, clerks and secretaries. These positions are simply an extension of women’s domestic role. Informal distinctions between “women’s work” and “men’s work” in the labor force, according to the ideology, are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes．

Finally, the ideology suggests that nature has worked her will in another significant way. For the human species to survive over time, its members must regularly reproduce. Thus, women must, whether at home or in the labor force, make the most of their physical appearances.

So goes the ideology. It is, of course, not true that basic biological and psychological differences between the sexes require each to play sex-defined roles in social life. There is enough evidence that sex roles vary from society to society, and those role differences that do exist are largely learned.

But to the degree people actually believe that biology is destiny and that nature intended for men and women to make different contributions to society, sex-defined roles will be seen as totally acceptable.

1.According to the biology-is-destiny ideology, women_______．

A．cannot compete with men in any field

B．are suited more to domestic jobs than men

C．are sensitive enough to be a good caretaker

D．are too weak to do any agricultural work at all

2.Those who have prejudices against women think that_______．

A．women shouldn’t go out for work

B．women should earn money to add the family income

C．women going out for work should only do “women’s work”

D．women should take jobs to drill the special capabilities of the sex

3.The author thinks that the positions women hold outside_______．

A．are determined by what they are better suited to

B．grow out of their household responsibilities

C．represent their breakthrough of sex discrimination

D．are physically and emotionally suitable to them

4.What does the underlined sentence imply?

A．Sex roles are socially determined

B．Sex roles are emotionally and physically determined

C．Sex roles are biologically and psychologically determined

D．Sex roles are determined by education people take

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Safety and Security Procedures

Your safety and the security of your personal property are of the primary concern to those of us who welcome you as our guest. We urge you to take advantage of the following suggestions.

YOUR VEHICLE

Lock your vehicle and do not leave money or valuable items inside. We are not responsible for their loss.

TRAVELING

Be observant (机警) when sightseeing or traveling. Stay in well-lit and heavily traveled areas. Don’t display large amounts of cash.

GUEST ROOM SECURITY

For additional security use the deadbolt (插锁) provided on your door and make sure the windows are locked. As an additional precaution (预防措施), please secure the secondary locks provided. Do not admit anyone to your room without first making identification. A one-way viewer is provided in your door to assist with identification(识别). If there is any doubt about the person’s identify, please contact the Front Desk.

SAFETY BOXES

Do not leave money or valuables in your room or vehicle. We provide free safety boxes for your use. Hotel is not responsible for items left in room valued over＄200.

KEYS

Safeguard your key. Please do not leave it in the door. Do not give your key to others or leave it unattended. Please leave your key at the Front Desk when you check out.

REPORTING

Please report any suspicious activity, or safety concerns to management.

FIR

Please familiarize yourself with the nearest fire exists. Report fire or smoke to the hotel operator. In the unlikely event of a fire, please move quickly and calmly to the nearest safe exit and leave the building. Avoid the use of elevator.

60. The suggestions are most probably from_____.

A. a hotel manager            B. a police officer

C. an experienced traveler      D. a tour guide

61. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. It is advised to travel to places where there are few people.

B. The hotel is not responsible for anything you lose.

C. Don’t report to the manager unless you are sure something is going wrong.

D. You’d better use the deadbolt and the secondary locks for safety.

62. If you feel doubtful about a stranger who knocks at the door, you should____.

A. let the person in after you have got his/her name

B. open the door to check the person’s ID card

C. call the Front Desk to make sure

D. contact the local police for assistance

63. What does the underlined part “ In the unlikely event of a fire” mean?

A. In case a fire happens, though it is not very possible.

B. If a fire happens when some big events are taking place.

C. In case a fire happens in a public building.

D. If a fire breaks out and it is getting out of control.

高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

Safety and Security Procedures

Your safety and the security of your personal property are of the primary concern to those of us who welcome you as our guest. We urge you to take advantage of the following suggestions.

1.What should you do when a fire breaks out according to the passage?

A. Try your best to put out the fire.

B. Report fire to your leader first.

C. Leave the building through the safe exit.

D. Use the electric lift to leave as fast as possible.

2.What should you do with a suspicious-looking stranger who knocks at your door?

A. Pretend you are not in the room.

B. Send him to the police station.

C. Get in touch with the Front Desk.

D. Let him in to make sure of his identity.

3.Where might you see these suggestions?

A. At a gym.　　 B. At a hotel.

C. At a shop.　　 D. At a bank.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析