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It is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socio-economic backgrounds tend to do fess well in the education system. In an attempt to help the children of poor families, a nationwide program called “Headstart” was started in the US in 1965. A lot of money was poured into it. It Look children into pre-school institutions at the age of three and was supposed to help them succeed in school. But the results have been disappointing because the program began too late. Many children who entered it at three were already behind their peers in language and intelligence and the parents were not involved in the process. At the end of each day, “Headstart” children returned to the same disadvantaged home environment.

To improve the results, another program was started in Missouri that concentrated on parents as the child’s first teachers. This program was based on research showing that working with the family is the most effective way of helping children get the best possible start in life. The four-year study included 380 families who were about to have their first child and represented different socio-economic status, age and family structure. The program involved trained educators visiting and working with the parent or parents and the child. The program also gave the parents some guidance, and useful skills on child development.

At three, the children involved in the “Missouri” program were evaluated with the children selected from the same socio-economic backgrounds and family situations. The results were obvious. The children in the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers. They performed equally well regardless of socio-economic backgrounds or family structure. The one factor that was found to affect the child’s development was the poor quality of parent-child interaction. That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families.

The “Missouri” program compares quite distinctly with the “Headstart” program. Without a similar focus of parent education and on the vital importance of the first three years, some evidence indicates that it will not be enough to overcome education unfairness.

1.What caused the failure of the “Headstart” program?

A.The large number of poor families.

B.The disapproval from children.

C.The late start of the program.

D.The long period of time.

2.What do we know about the “Missouri” program?

A.It focused on the children’s first school teachers.

B.It helped the children return to the same home.

C.It made the children improved in many aspects.

D.It gave the parents advice on their development.

3.According to the passage, what is likely to influence children s performance?

A.The number of family members.

B.The teacher-student relationship.

C.The intelligence of their parents.

D.The parent-child communication.

4.How does the author develop the passage?

A.By listing figures. B.By making comparisons.

C.Ry presenting ideas. D.By drawing conclusions.

高三英语阅读选择中等难度题

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