Findings suggest that playing with smartphone...

Findings suggest that playing with smartphones before sleep 1. (be )positively associated　 with insomnia(失眠症). Recent 2. (study) show that nearly 24 percent of Chinese people suffer from insomnia and 3.number of young people affected is rising. And more than 60percent of people born after 1990,the group that are most likely 4. (use) their smartphones just before sleep, do not sleep well.

Bedtime mobile phone use is an unhealthy sleep habit because 5.can delay falling asleep and reduce sleep quality. According to the research, nearly three-quarters of the young people fall asleep each night with their phones 6.reach. About 60 percent of them use their smartphones for up to 80 minutes before sleep. And 54.7 percent of the people aged between 18 and 25 go to bed 7. (late) than 12 am.

Good sleep is helpful in protecting the brain’s neurons(神经元)and lack of sleep for long periods can 8. (danger) health. Therefore, all people, including the young, 9. (advise) to avoid using electronic devices one hour before sleep and go to bed at fixed times. But it is10. (benefit) to sleep if people listen to soft music and read books before going to bed.

高三英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

For many of us, a little time with our smartphones or iPads before sleep is the highlight of the night. But would you still think it is relaxing if you knew that it damages or destroys your sleep? Scientists say that's exactly what it does.

In ancient times, when there were no lamps, telephones or smartphones, the sun was the main source of light. When the sun went down, our brains took that as a signal to start producing melatonin(褪黑素), a chemical that helps us sleep.

However, a healthy amount of melatonin can only be produced in complete darkness.Any light in your bedroom—even the one on the alarm clock or the charging indicator on your cellphone—could disturb the process, not to mention something as bright as smartphone and iPad screens. We tend to hold these much closer than a television or laptop, which allows them to shoot far more light straight into our eyes.

“This is particularly worrisome in populations such as young adults and adolescents, who already tend to be night_owls，” said researcher Brittany Wood at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.“Lack of sleep among teens is leading to depression, self­harm, low concentration and poor performance at school，” she added.

While all lights are the enemy of sleep, not all colors of light have the same effect. Our eyes are particularly sensitive to blue light, which is common during the day. Most of the light coming from electronic screens is blue light and it fools our brain into thinking it's still daytime. By contrast, orange or red light has less influence on melatonin production, because our brains recognize it as a signal that the day is ending, according to The Telegraph.

Asking yourself to keep your hands off your smartphone before bedtime might seem unreasonable, but you should at least remember to dim the screen or hold it farther away from your eyes. You could also wear a pair of orange sunglasses that take away the harmful blue light.

1.According to the passage, we can know ________.

A．it's a good habit to play with smartphones or iPads late into night

B．scientists suggest we should avoid using smartphones or iPads

C．darkness makes a great impact on the amount of melatonin

D．the sun was the only source of light in ancient times

the sun was the main source of light.”可知D项为错误结论。

2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．The darker it is, the more melatonin will be produced.

B．The lighter it is, the more melatonin will be produced.

C．The more melatonin you have, the worse you'll sleep.

D．The more electrical equipment you have, the more melatonin will be produced.

3.The underlined part in Paragraph 4 refers to those ________.

A．who are young adults or adolescents

B．who don't perform well in school

C．who are addicted to a television or laptop

D．who are short of sleep at night and perform poorly in daily life

4.In the writer's opinion, which is a correct suggestion?

A．You should go to bed when the sun goes down.

B．You should use an orange or red light electronic screen.

C．You should wear a pair of blue sunglasses when sleeping.

D．You should avoid blue light as possible as you can before bedtime.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

For many of us, a little time with our smartphones or iPads before sleep is the highlight of the night. But would you still think it is relaxing if you knew that it damages or destroys your sleep? Scientists say that's exactly what it does.

In ancient times, when there were no lamps, telephones or smartphones, the sun was the main source of light. When the sun went down, our brains took that as a signal to start producing melatonin(褪黑素), a chemical that helps us sleep.

However, a healthy amount of melatonin can only be produced in complete darkness.Any light in your bedroom—even the one on the alarm clock or the charging indicator on your cellphone—could disturb the process, not to mention something as bright as smartphone and iPad screens. We tend to hold these much closer than a television or laptop, which allows them to shoot far more light straight into our eyes.

“This is particularly worrisome in populations such as young adults and adolescents, who already tend to be night_owls，” said researcher Brittany Wood at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.“Lack of sleep among teens is leading to depression, self­harm, low concentration and poor performance at school，” she added.

While all lights are the enemy of sleep, not all colors of light have the same effect. Our eyes are particularly sensitive to blue light, which is common during the day. Most of the light coming from electronic screens is blue light and it fools our brain into thinking it's still daytime. By contrast, orange or red light has less influence on melatonin production, because our brains recognize it as a signal that the day is ending, according to The Telegraph.

Asking yourself to keep your hands off your smartphone before bedtime might seem unreasonable, but you should at least remember to dim the screen or hold it farther away from your eyes. You could also wear a pair of orange sunglasses that take away the harmful blue light.

1.According to the passage, we can know ________.

A．it's a good habit to play with smartphones or iPads late into night

B．scientists suggest we should avoid using smartphones or iPads

C．darkness makes a great impact on the amount of melatonin

D．the sun was the only source of light in ancient times

2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．The darker it is, the more melatonin will be produced.

B．The lighter it is, the more melatonin will be produced.

C．The more melatonin you have, the worse you'll sleep.

D．The more electrical equipment you have, the more melatonin will be produced.

3.The underlined part in Paragraph 4 refers to those ________.

A．who are young adults or adolescents

B．who don't perform well in school

C．who are addicted to a television or laptop

D．who are short of sleep at night and perform poorly in daily life

4.In the writer's opinion, which is a correct suggestion?

A．You should go to bed when the sun goes down.

B．You should use an orange or red light electronic screen.

C．You should wear a pair of blue sunglasses when sleeping.

D．You should avoid blue light as possible as you can before bedtime.

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

There are new findings that not enough sleep may cause people to gain weight. Researchers say a lack of sleep can produce hormonal(激素的) changes that increase feelings of hunger.

In one study, researchers in the United States examined information on more than 1000 people. The people had taken part in a long-term study of sleep disorders.

Some people slept less than five hours a night. They had 15 percent higher blood levels of a hormone called ghrelin than people who slept eight hours. And they had 15 percent less of the hormone leptin. Experts say ghrelin helps make people feel hungry; leptin makes you feel full.

The scientists say these hormonal changes may be a cause of obesity in Western societies. They note the combination that sleep limitation is common and food is widely available.

The results were not affected by how much people exercised. People who are awake longer have more time to burn energy. But the researchers say loss of sleep may increase hunger especially for high-calorie foods, so people gain weight. It seems that, for survival, the body may be designed to store more fat during times with less sleep.

Researchers from Stanford University in California and the University of Wisconsin did the study. They found that the best amount of sleep for weight control is 7.7 hours a night.The Public Library of Science published the findings in its journal Medicine . Internet users can read the full study, free of charge, at plos. org.

1.Not enough sleep can cause obesity by ______.

A. burning more of your energy

B. making you want to eat more food

C. keeping you from doing exercise

D. helping you feel great without food

2.When you sleep 7.7 hours a night, you will ______ .

A. have your ghrelin level rise and leptin level drop

B.have your leptin level rise and ghrelin level drop

C.have your ghretin and leptin levels properly balanced

D.have your hunger increase and your weight decrease

3.You can read the findings________

A. Only on the Internet

B. only in Medicine

C. Both on the Internet and in Medicine

D. Neither on the Internet nor in Medicine

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

It sounds almost too good to be true，but a new study on sleeping brains suggests that listening to languages while you sleep can actually help you to learn them．

For the study，researchers played recordings of foreign words and their translations to subjects enjoying slow-wave sleep，a stage when a person has 1ittle consciousness of their environment．To ensure that the results were not compromised by foreign language words that subjects may have had some contact with at some point in their waking lives，researchers made up totally nonexistent foreign words．

When the subjects woke up，they were presented with the made-up words again without their translations．The subjects were then asked to imagine whether this made-up word indicated an object that was either smaller or larger．This vague(模糊的)way of testing their understanding of the words is an approach that is supposed to tap into the unconscious memory．

Unbelievably，the subjects were able to correctly classify the words in this way at an accuracy rate that was 10 percent higher than random chance．That’s not a rate high enough to have them suddenly communicating in a foreign tongue，but it is enough to suggest that the brain is still absorbing information on some level，even during sleep．

Researchers have long known that sleep is important for memory，but previously its role in memory was thought to relate only to the preservation and organization of memories acquired during wakefulness．This is the first time that memory formation has been shown to be active during sleep．

In other words，our brains are listening to the world，and learning about it，even when our conscious selves are not present．

The next step for researchers will be to see if new information can be 1earned quicker during wakefulness if it was already presented during sleep．If so，it could forever change how we train our brains to learn new things．Sleep learning might become a widespread practice．

1.Why did researchers use some made-up words in the study?

A.To guarantee the accuracy of the test result．

B.To increase the difficulty of testing information．

C.To avoid the subjects cheating in the experiment．

D.To test if our brain are good at learning something new．

2.What were the subjects asked to do in the study?

A.Classify what they heard by size．

B.Make up a word to represent“large”or“small”．

C.Repeat the words they heard in the sleep．

D.Imagine the meanings of the made-up words．

3.What conclusion did researchers draw from this study?

A.Sleep is necessary for a good memory．

B.Memory formation goes on during sleep．

C.Listening during sleep is good for our brain．

D.Learning languages in sleep has better effects．

4.What will be the researchers’next plan?

A.To train people how to learn during sleep．

B.To prove the existence of unconscious memory．

C.To dig out the reason for unconscious learning．

D.To study the effect of sleep learning on conscious learning．

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

It sounds almost too good to be true，but a new study on sleeping brains suggests that listening to languages while you sleep can actually help you to learn them．

For the study，researchers played recordings of foreign words and their translations to subjects enjoying slow-wave sleep，a stage when a person has 1ittle consciousness of their environment．To ensure that the results were not compromised by foreign language words that subjects may have had some contact with at some point in their waking lives，researchers made up totally nonexistent foreign words．

When the subjects woke up，they were presented with the made-up words again without their translations．The subjects were then asked to imagine whether this made-up word indicated an object that was either smaller or larger．This vague(模糊的)way of testing their understanding of the words is an approach that is supposed to tap into the unconscious memory．

Unbelievably，the subjects were able to correctly classify the words in this way at an accuracy rate that was 10 percent higher than random chance．That’s not a rate high enough to have them suddenly communicating in a foreign tongue，but it is enough to suggest that the brain is still absorbing information on some level，even during sleep．

Researchers have long known that sleep is important for memory，but previously its role in memory was thought to relate only to the preservation and organization of memories acquired during wakefulness．This is the first time that memory formation has been shown to be active during sleep．

In other words，our brains are listening to the world，and learning about it，even when our conscious selves are not present．

The next step for researchers will be to see if new information can be 1earned quicker during wakefulness if it was already presented during sleep．If so，it could forever change how we train our brains to learn new things．Sleep learning might become a widespread practice．

1.Why did researchers use some made-up words in the study?

A. To guarantee the accuracy of the test result．

B. To increase the difficulty of testing information．

C. To avoid the subjects cheating in the experiment．

D. To test if our brain are good at learning something new．

2.What were the subjects asked to do in the study?

A. Classify what they heard by size．

B. Make up a word to represent“large”or“small”．

C. Repeat the words they heard in the sleep．

D. Imagine the meanings of the made-up words．

3.What conclusion did researchers draw from this study?

A. Sleep is necessary for a good memory．

B. Memory formation goes on during sleep．

C. Listening during sleep is good for our brain．

D. Learning languages in sleep has better effects．

4.What will be the researchers’next plan?

A. To train people how to learn during sleep．

B. To prove the existence of unconscious memory．

C. To dig out the reason for unconscious learning．

D. To study the effect of sleep learning on conscious learning．

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Conventional wisdom says that hardship can make us old before our time. In fact, a new study suggests that violence not only leaves long-term scars on children’s bodies, but also changes their DNA, causing changes that are equal to seven to ten years of premature aging (过早老化).

Scientists measured this by studying the ends of children’s chromosomes (染色体), called telomeres, says Idan Shalev, lead author of a study published in Molecular Psychiatry.

Telomeres are special DNA sequences (序列) which prevent the DNA in chromosomes from separating. They get shorter each time a cell divides, until a cell cannot divide any more and dies.

Several factors have been found to shorten telomeres, including smoking, radiation and psychological stresses such as being treated badly when young and taking care of a chronically ill person.

In this study, researchers examined whether exposure to violence could make children’s telomeres shorten faster than normal. They interviewed the mothers of 236 children at ages 5, 7 and 10, asking whether the youngsters had been exposed to domestic violence between the mother and her partner, physical maltreatment by an adult or bullying. Researchers measured the children’s telomeres—in cells obtained from the insides of their cheeks—at ages 5 and 10.

Telomeres shortened faster in kids exposed to two or more types of violence, says Shalev. Unless that pattern changes, the study suggests, these kids could be expected to develop diseases of aging, such as heart attacks or memory loss, seven to 10 years earlier than their peers.

Shalev says there is hope for these kids. His study found that, in rare cases, telomeres can lengthen. Better nutrition, exercise and stress reduction are three things that may be able to lengthen telomeres, he says.

The study confirms a small­but­growing number of studies suggesting that early childhood hardship imprints itself in our chromosomes, says Charles Nelson, a professor of pediatrics and neuroscience at Harvard Medical School.

1.The new study has found that ________.

A. violence leaves scars on a child’s mind

B. violence can speed up a child’s aging

C. hardship can change a child’s aging

D. hardship has a long-term effect on children

2.According to the text, telomeres ________.

A. probably cause a cell to divide quickly

B. can help prevent DNA from separating

C. can make a cell die quickly

D. become shorter before they die

3.All of the following things can shorten telomeres EXCEPT ________.

A. maltreatment　　　 B. radiation

C. smoking　　　　 　　 D. exercising

4.Which of the following is TRUE, according to the text?

A. Researchers measured the children’s telomeres from their legs in the study.

B. Kids interviewed in the study are exposed to two or more types of violence.

C. Children who have shorter telomeres may suffer from a heart attack earlier.

D. Victims of domestic violence have no hopes of lengthening their telomeres.

5.What is the best title for the text?

A. Violence aging children’s DNA

B. Children’s changing DNA patterns

C. Violence and children

D. The function of telomeres

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Conventional wisdom says that hardship can make us old before our time. In fact, a new study suggests that violence not only leaves long-term scars on children’s bodies, but also changes their DNA, causing changes that are equal to seven to ten years of premature aging.

Scientists measured this by studying the ends of children’s chromosomes(染色体), called telomeres, says Idan Shalev, lead author of a study published in Molecular Psychiatry.

Telomeres are special DNA sequences which prevent the DNA in chromosomes from separating. They get shorter each time a cell divides, until a cell cannot divide any more and dies.

Several factors have been found to shorten telomeres, including smoking, radiation and psychological stresses such as being treated badly when young and taking care of a chronically ill person.

In this study, researchers examined whether exposure to violence could make children’s telomeres shorten faster than normal. They interviewed the mothers of 236 children at ages 5, 7 and 10, asking whether the youngsters had been exposed to domestic violence between the mother and her partner; physical maltreatment by an adult; or bullying. Researchers measured the children’s telomeres—in cells obtained by swabbing the insides of their cheeks—at ages 5 and 10.

Telomeres shortened faster in kids exposed to two or more types of violence, says Shalev. Unless that pattern changes, the study suggests, these kids could be expected to develop diseases of aging, such as heart attacks or memory loss, seven to 10 years earlier than their peers.

Shalev says there is hope for these kids. His study found that, in rare cases, telomeres can lengthen. Better nutrition, exercise and stress reduction are three things that may be able to lengthen telomeres, he says.

He study confirms a small but growing number of studies suggesting that early childhood adversity imprints itself in our chromosomes, says Charles Nelson, a professor of pediatrics and neuroscience at Harvard Medical School.

1.The new study found that ________.

A. violence leaves scars on a child’s mind

B. hardship can change a child’s aging

C. violence can speed up a child’s aging

D. hardship has a long-term effect on a child’s mind

2.According to the text, telomeres ________.

A. can make a cell die quickly

B. can help prevent DNA from separating

C. become shorter before they die

D. are at the ends of people’s chromosomes

3.All of the following things can shorten telomeres EXCEPT ________.

A. smoking        B. cell division        C. maltreatment        D. doing exercise

4.Which of the following is TRUE, according to the text?

A. Violence can cause quick cell division in children’s body.

B. Being treated badly will make a child’s telomeres shorten faster.

C. Researchers measured the children’s telomeres from their legs in the study.

D. Children who have shorter telomeres may have a heart attack earlier.

5.Which is the best title for the passage?

A. Violence Ages Children’s DNA

B. Children’s Changing DNA Patterns

C. Violence and Telomeres

D. the Function of Telomeres

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Conventional wisdom says that hardship can make us old before our time. In fact, a new study suggests that violence not only leaves long-term scars on children’s bodies, but also changes their DNA, causing changes that are equal to seven to ten years of premature aging.

Scientists measured this by studying the ends of children’s chromosomes(染色体), called telomeres, says Idan Shalev, lead author of a study published in Molecular Psychiatry.

Telomeres are special DNA sequences which prevent the DNA in chromosomes from separating. They get shorter each time a cell divides, until a cell cannot divide any more and dies.

Several factors have been found to shorten telomeres, including smoking, radiation and psychological stresses such as being treated badly when young and taking care of a chronically ill person.

In this study, researchers examined whether exposure to violence could make children’s telomeres shorten faster than normal. They interviewed the mothers of 236 children at ages 5, 7 and 10, asking whether the youngsters had been exposed to domestic violence between the mother and her partner; physical maltreatment by an adult; or bullying. Researchers measured the children’s telomeres—in cells obtained by swabbing the insides of their cheeks—at ages 5 and 10.

Telomeres shortened faster in kids exposed to two or more types of violence, says Shalev. Unless that pattern changes, the study suggests, these kids could be expected to develop diseases of aging, such as heart attacks or memory loss, seven to 10 years earlier than their peers.

Shalev says there is hope for these kids. His study found that, in rare cases, telomeres can lengthen. Better nutrition, exercise and stress reduction are three things that may be able to lengthen telomeres, he says.

The study confirms a small ­but­ growing number of studies suggesting that early childhood adversity imprints itself in our chromosomes, says Charles Nelson, a professor of pediatrics and neuroscience at Harvard Medical School.

1.The new study found that ________.

A. hardship can change a child’s aging

B. violence leaves scars on a child’s mind

C. violence can speed up a child’s aging

D. hardship has a long ­term effect on a child’s mind

2.According to the text, telomeres ________.

A. are at the ends of people’s chromosomes

B. can help prevent DNA from separating

C. can make a cell die quickly

D. become shorter before they die

3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A. Violence can cause quick cell division in children’s body.

B. Researchers measured the children’s telomeres from their legs in the study.

C. Being treated badly will make a child’s telomeres shorten faster.

D. Children who have shorter telomeres may have a heart attack earlier.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A. Violence Aging Children’s DNA

B. Children’s Changing DNA Patterns

C. Violence and Telomeres

D. The Function of Telomeres

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

Studies suggest that babies learn to _________ voices before birth． They can recognize their mother's voice among a group of women．

A. suspect B. compromise

C. discriminate D. inspect

高三英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析