As temperatures go up, bison（北美野牛）get smaller. Joseph Craine, research assistant professor in the Division of Biology at Kansas State University, examined how climate change during the next 50 years will affect grazing（放牧）animals such as bison and cattle in the Great Plains.
“Bison are one of our most important conservation animals and hold a unique role in grasslands in North America,” Craine said. “In addition to their cultural and ecological significance, they’re economically important. There are about half a million bison in the world.” Craine analyzed a data set of 290,000 weights, ages and sexes collected from 22 bison herds（兽群）throughout the U. S. The organizations kept annual records of each animal in the herd and matched the data with the climates of the sites.
Based on differences in sizes of bison across herds, Craine found that during the next 50 years, future generations of bison will be smaller in size and weigh less. Climate is likely to reduce the nutritional quality of grasses, causing the animals to grow more slowly.
“We know that temperatures are going to go up,” Craine said. “We also know that warmer grasslands have grasses with less protein（蛋白质）, and we now know that warmer grasslands have smaller grazers. It all lines up to suggest that climate change will cause grasses to have less protein and cause grazers to gain less weight in the future.”
Craine said the results of climate change in coming decades can already be seen by comparing bison in cooler, wetter places with those in warmer, drier places. For example, the average 7-year-old male bison in South Dakota weighed 1, 900 pounds, while an average 7- year-old male bison in Oklahoma — a warmer place — weighed 1, 300 pounds.
“The difference in temperature between those two states is around 20 degrees Fahrenheit, which is about three times the projected increase in temperatures over the next 75 years,” Craine said. “It is a clear indicator that long-term warming will affect bison and is something that will happen across the U.S. over the next 50-75 years.”
1.In the next fifty years, researchers Say, bison will ________.
A. become smaller and lighter
B. disappear in the Great Plains
C. play a less important part
D. adapt to different climate changes
2.The underlined word “grazers” probably refers to ________.
A. the researchers B. the grasses
C. the bison D. the protein
3.What is the main reason for the bison to become smaller?
A. The deceasing amount of grass.
B. The rising temperature.
C. The rising number of bison.
D. The loss of weight.
4.Paragraph 5 is written as an example to show ________.
A. Craine’s prediction will come true in 50 years
B. bison are smaller than in the past
C. the nature balance is being destroyed
D. bison’s size is linked with different climate
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
As temperatures go up, bison（北美野牛）get smaller. Joseph Craine, research assistant professor in the Division of Biology at Kansas State University, examined how climate change during the next 50 years will affect grazing（放牧）animals such as bison and cattle in the Great Plains.
“Bison are one of our most important conservation animals and hold a unique role in grasslands in North America,” Craine said. “In addition to their cultural and ecological significance, they’re economically important. There are about half a million bison in the world.” Craine analyzed a data set of 290,000 weights, ages and sexes collected from 22 bison herds（兽群）throughout the U. S. The organizations kept annual records of each animal in the herd and matched the data with the climates of the sites.
Based on differences in sizes of bison across herds, Craine found that during the next 50 years, future generations of bison will be smaller in size and weigh less. Climate is likely to reduce the nutritional quality of grasses, causing the animals to grow more slowly.
“We know that temperatures are going to go up,” Craine said. “We also know that warmer grasslands have grasses with less protein（蛋白质）, and we now know that warmer grasslands have smaller grazers. It all lines up to suggest that climate change will cause grasses to have less protein and cause grazers to gain less weight in the future.”
Craine said the results of climate change in coming decades can already be seen by comparing bison in cooler, wetter places with those in warmer, drier places. For example, the average 7-year-old male bison in South Dakota weighed 1, 900 pounds, while an average 7- year-old male bison in Oklahoma — a warmer place — weighed 1, 300 pounds.
“The difference in temperature between those two states is around 20 degrees Fahrenheit, which is about three times the projected increase in temperatures over the next 75 years,” Craine said. “It is a clear indicator that long-term warming will affect bison and is something that will happen across the U.S. over the next 50-75 years.”
1.In the next fifty years, researchers Say, bison will ________.
A. become smaller and lighter
B. disappear in the Great Plains
C. play a less important part
D. adapt to different climate changes
2.The underlined word “grazers” probably refers to ________.
A. the researchers B. the grasses
C. the bison D. the protein
3.What is the main reason for the bison to become smaller?
A. The deceasing amount of grass.
B. The rising temperature.
C. The rising number of bison.
D. The loss of weight.
4.Paragraph 5 is written as an example to show ________.
A. Craine’s prediction will come true in 50 years
B. bison are smaller than in the past
C. the nature balance is being destroyed
D. bison’s size is linked with different climate
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The group gets smaller as members move away or _______.
A. leave out B. drop out C. cut in D. fill up
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
A bull bison(野牛)in Yellowstone National park charged at a 9-year-old Florida girl. Luckily, the girl was left with only relatively minor injuries. Eyewitnesses say that a group of around 50 people—including the unidentified girl—were standing within 5 ~ 10 feet of the bison for at least 20 minutes near Observation Point Trail before the animal decided to charge. "We saw through the trees some people petting the bison, super close,” Hailey Dayton, 18, an eyewitness who filmed the incident. " Because it was agitated by all the people and noise, it just attacked.''
In Yellowstone, there are about 4 ,500 bison, the nation's largest and most important bison population on public land. Yellowstone is the only place in the lower 48 states where free-ranging bison have lived continuously since prehistoric times, according to a statement from the National Park Service (NPS). The Yellowstone population is also significant for being one of the few herds(群)in the country that has not been inter- bred(杂交)with cattle.
While they feed primarily on grass, they can be aggressive if annoyed. " Stay 25 yards away from all large animals—bison, bighorn sheep, deer etc. —and at least 100 yards away from bears and wolves," the statement read. " If need be, turn around and go the other way to avoid interacting with a wild animal in a close distance. ”
Despite the presence of seemingly more dangerous animals such as bears and wolves, bison have injured more people in Yellowstone than any other creature. "This is what happens when you make fun of wildlife and pay no mind to an animal's personal space,'' Dayton wrote in a tweet. " This family was petting the buffalo before it charged. And as you can see the parents saved themselves over their daughter. That really put me off. ”
1.What does the underlined word "agitated" probably mean?
A.Amused. B.Released.
C.Comforted. D.Disturbed.
2.What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A.The remaining population of bison. B.What Yellowstone means to bison.
C.How bison survived the hardships. D.Bison's living conditions in Yellowstone.
3.What is the NPS statement in Paragraph 3 meant to do?
A.To warn people not to tease bison. B.To inform readers of some large animals.
C.To persuade readers to protect the wildlife. D.To urge people to give bison enough space.
4.What is Dayton 's attitude towards the family's act?
A.Positive. B.Pitiful.
C.Unfavorable. D.Admirable.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
(2013·临淄期末联考) It's too late. Go to bed right away.Forget you need to get up as early as you can ________ the early train?
A．catch B．catching
C．caught D．to catch
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Go to bed right away．Don’t forget you need to get up as early as you can ______ the early train．
| A．catch | B．catching | C．caught | D．to catch |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Cooler temperatures, attractive colors, smaller crowds autumn is the perfect time for travel and tourism. Here, three places are listed as the best fall trip destinations. Don’t worry if you can’t go to these places. By reading this page, we hope to take you on grand tour and let you experience fun and culture around the world.
| Cannstatter Volkfest, Stuttgart, Germany Stuttgart’s Cannstatter Volkfest is listed as the world’s second largest beer-drinking event–following Munich’s Oktoberfest. But it is considered Germany’s more authentic celebration of local heritage and, of course, beer. Started as an agricultural fair in 1818–a symbolic 24-meter-high “fruit column” pays homage to the past–the three-week festival (from September 23 to October 9 this year) features live music, a re-created Alpine village, and carnival（狂欢节） rides. In addition, Stuttgart is recognized as a global car capital. Both the Mercedes-Benz and Porsche museums are worth a visit. |
| Churchill, Manitoba, Canada Here in the northern Canadian town at Hudson Bay, visitors can see the area’s most famous fall residents–polar bears. More than a thousand of the world’s largest land carnivores migrate through the “polar bear capital of the world” during October and November, when the first ice forms on the edge of Hudson Bay. The frozen conditions make it easier for hungry bears to hunt for seals (by walking instead of swimming). Under the snowy, winter weather, visitors can hardly have too many clothes to put on. Insulated boots, jackets, and gloves; layered clothing; thermal underwear; and woolen socks and hats are required. |
| Dublin, Ireland The Ireland’s capital and largest city is a center for arts, entertainment, culture and commerce. With few tourists and lower temperatures, fall is the ideal season for walking the historic Georgian streets and cruising the River Liffey. Visitors can explore the city’s 20 square kilometers of public gardens, nature reserves, and parks, including St. Stephen’s Green, which borders Grafton Street, one of the world’s most expensive retail locations. Along the way, enjoy traditional, paper-wrapped fish and chips at Leo Burdock. Healthier eats will be on the menu on October 31, when more than 12,000 runners are expected for the National Lottery Dublin Marathon, named “the Friendly Marathon” for the affable crowds cheering there. |
1.The passage is presented for those who________.
A．care for fun and culture around the world
B．have planned to go for traveling this autumn
C．hate to have their holidays in other seasons
D．have not ever been to Europe and America
2.If you spend your holidays on October 31, you may________.
A．enjoy live music at the beer – drinking festival
B．watch polar bears hunt seals
C．taste traditional, paper – wrapped fish and clips
D．win a prize in “the Friendly Marathon”
3.According to the passage, we can know that________.
A．Car exhibitions will be held for two months.
B．It’s not necessary to take more clothes with you to Churehill, Martitoba
C．The beer – drinking event in German dates from the eighteenth century
D．Your favourite goods might be available in the expensive shop in Dublin
4.The passage is probably taken from the column of________in a newspaper.
A．economics B．science C．tourism D．fashion
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Watching bison up close is fascinating, like watching a grass fire about to leap out of control. With their huge, wedge-shaped heads and silver-dollar-size brown eyes, the 2,000-pound animals are symbols of another place and time. More than 100 bison now roam the 30,000-acre American Prairie Reserve in eastern Montana — the first time they’ve inhabited that region in a century. Direct descendants of the tens of millions of bison that once populated the Western plains, they represent an epic effort： to restore a piece of America’s prairie to the national grandeur that Lewis and Clark extolled two centuries ago. During that famous expedition across the Western states to the Pacific, the two explorers encountered so many bison that they had to wait hours for one herd to pass.
In order to protect what’s here and reintroduce long-gone wildlife (something the World Wildlife Fund is helping with), the American Prairie Foundation began purchasing land from local ranchers in 2004. It now owns 30,000 acres and has grazing privileges on another 57,000. Its goal over the next 25 years is to assemble three million acres, the largest area of land devoted to wildlife management in the continental United States.
Already, herds of elk, deer, and pronghorn antelope roam the grasslands, where visitors can camp, hike, and bike. Cottonwoods and willows are thriving along streams, creating habitats for bobcats, beavers, and other animals.
Not everyone shares APF’s vision. Some residents of Phillips County (pop. 3,904) worry that the area could become a prairie Disneyland, overcrowded with tourists. But the biggest obstacle is the ranchers themselves, whose cattle compete with prairie dogs and bison for grass and space.
“People like me have no intention of selling their ranches,”says Dale Veseth, who heads the Ranchers Stewardship Alliance of 35 families in Phillips County and whose family has been ranching here since 1886.“They’ve been a labor of love through the generations.”Instead, he wants APF to pay or subsidize ranchers to raise bison. This would be far less costly for the foundation, he argues, than buying the land directly.
1.If you go to the American Prairie Reserve in eastern Montana, you will see ________.
A．the burning fire moving across the grassland
B．hundreds of bison travelling through the prairie
C．tens of millions of bison occupying the farmland
D．groups of experts examining the dead bison
2.What measures have been taken to protect the wildlife by APF?
A．They have borrowed much money and developed new habitat.
B．They have hired many farmers to raise bison on their farms.
C．They have turned grassland into Disneyland to attract tourists.
D．They have bought large land from farmers for bison to live on.
3.The underlined word“subsidize”in this passage means ________.
A．give money to B．borrow money from
C．provide land to D．exchange land with
4.Which would be the best title for this passage?
A．The exciting scenery in eastern Montana
B．Great changes in raising bison in America
C．The return of the American prairie
D．The challenge in protecting the grassland
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
As for child vaccinations, parents usually get paperwork lost, or forget whether their child is up to date. Now a group of MIT researchers has developed a new way to address this problem: inserting the record directly into the skin. Along with the vaccine, a child would be injected with a bit of dye that is invisible to the naked eye but easily seen with an app that shines special light onto the skin. The dye would be expected to last up to five years.
The system would provide quick and easy access to vaccination history, and add little to the cost or risk of the procedure. “In developing countries where medical records may not be as complete or as accessible, there can be value in having medical information directly associated with a person,” says Ana Jaklenec, lead author of the study.
Delivering the dye required the researchers to find something that was safe and would last long enough to be useful. “That’s really the biggest challenge we overcame in the project,” says Jaklenec, adding that the team tested a number of dyes hut could not find any that lasted when exposed to sunlight. The team ended up using a technology called quantum dots, which were originally developed to label cells during research. The dye has been shown to be safe in humans.
“When people were still getting vaccinated against smallpox, they got a visible scar on their arm that made it easy to identify who had been vaccinated and who had not. But obviously, we didn't want to give people a scar.” Jaklenec says, noting that her team was looking for something that couldn’t be seen. The researchers also wanted to avoid technologies that would raise even more privacy concerns, such as databases with names and identifiable data.
The researchers hope to add more detailed information to the dots, such as the date of vaccination. Along with them, the team eventually wants to inject sensors that could also potentially be used to track aspects of health such as insulin levels in diabetics.
1.What can we learn from the first 2 paragraphs?
A.A new system has been developed to track the history of vaccination.
B.The cost of updating vaccination history is high.
C.The dye injected into children can be seen with naked eyes easily.
D.Carrying around one’s medical record is convenient.
2.What was the biggest challenge for the researchers?
A.Labeling cells. B.Delivering a number of dyes.
C.Finding the safe and long-lasting material. D.Inventing a technology called quantum clots.
3.It can be learned from the text that the researchers________________.
A.are trying to find a vaccination against diabetics.
B.have injected sensors to track aspects of health.
C.are sure to leave no scars on those who are vaccinated.
D.hope to add more detailed information to the quantum dots while maintaining privacy.
4.How does the author feel about the project?
A.Disappointed B.Enthusiastic
C.Indifferent D.Uncertain
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
I didn't get up earlier as usual last Sunday. In the morning having finished my homework, I do some washing．Then I telephoned one of my classmates and invited them to see a film．But unfortunately, when we got to the cinema, we founded all the tickets had sold out．We had to go back to school or play football．After that, we were about to go to home when we saw our English teacher, Mr. Li, coming towards us．Tom and I asked him some questions about what to learn English well．He told us we had made great progresses in English．He also suggested that we read more and write more．We promised him that we would follow our advice．
高三英语短文改错中等难度题查看答案及解析
As I was getting in my car today after picking up more school supplies in preparation of my 24th year as a teacher, I saw a homeless man from a distance with a blanket covering him, walking along the sidewalk. Immediately I_______that he was barefoot and walked_______. I wanted to_______him some shoes from a store nearby, but there were no shoe_______around.
I was on a tight_______having to pick my wife up from the doctor’s office soon for a medical_______. I was not going to buy_______and return in such a short time. Then I_______I had socks in my last bag, the bag I keep in my_______for those in need. I grabbed the________and walked up to him.
“Hey, Brother,” I________to him. “I am sorry. I don’t have any shoes for you, but could you________these socks？” He turned to me and________. “That would be great.” He said “God bless you” as I________him the socks. I wished him the best and got back into my car.
I________that the rest of the________of the bag might be of use as well; a bottle of water, jerky, sunflower seeds, etc. I________alongside the sidewalk. Cars were________behind me. I called to the man, “I got these cars behind me. Are you good if I just________the bag on the sidewalk？” He nodded. “Take care,” I yelled. As he pulled on the last sock, the man________to me “I love you！”
1.A.concluded B.noticed C.condemned D.decided
2.A.purposely B.delighted C.elegantly D.cautiously
3.A.buy B.make C.sell D.donate
4.A.factories B.offices C.companies D.shops
5.A.schedule B.experience C.position D.family
6.A.discovery B.argument C.procedure D.achievement
7.A.clothes B.shoes C.hats D.gloves
8.A.complained B.covered C.doubted D.remembered
9.A.car B.garden C.classroom D.house
10.A.glasses B.socks C.trousers D.pants
11.A.apologized B.pointed C.called D.switched
12.A.study B.observe C.learn D.use
13.A.ignored B.smiled C.approved D.disagreed
14.A.promised B.awarded C.handed D.threw
15.A.realized B.advocated C.obtained D.permitted
16.A.containers B.coverings C.contents D.surroundings
17.A.pushed B.jogged C.wandered D.pulled
18.A.lining up B.holding on C.making up D.taking over
19.A.exchange B.leave C.fetch D.expose
20.A.objected B.drove C.yelled D.whispered
高三英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析