Genetic modification (基因改良) dates back to ancient times, when humans influenced genetics by selectively breeding organisms (培育生物) according to an article by Gabriel Rangel, a public health scientist at Harvard University. When repeated over several generations, this process leads to great changes in the organisms.
Dogs were likely the first animals to be purposefully genetically modified, with the beginnings of that effort dating back about 32,000 years, according to Rangel. Wild wolves joined our hunter-gatherer ancestors in East Asia, where the aggressive canines were kept in the household and bred to become docile and easier to get along with. Over thousands of years, people bred dogs with different desired character and physical characteristics, eventually leading to the wide variety of dogs we see today.
The earliest known genetically modified plant is wheat. This valuable crop is thought to have originated in the Middle East and northern Africa in the area known as the Fertile Crescent, according to a 2015 article published in the Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine. Ancient farmers selectively bred wheat grasses beginning around 9000 B. C. to create improved varieties with larger grains and hardier seeds. By 800 B.C., the cultivation (培养) of improved wheat had spread across Europe and Asia. The continued selective cultivation of wheat resulted in the thousands of varieties that are grown today.
Corn has also experienced some of greatest genetic changes over the past few thousand years. The main crop was changed from a plant known as teosinte, a wild grass with tiny ears and only a few seeds. Over time, farmers selectively bred the teosinte grasses to create corn with large ears bursting with seeds.
Beyond those crops, many of the fruit and vegetables we eat today, including bananas, apples and tomatoes, have experienced several generations of selective raising, according to Rangel.
In 1973, researchers also modified bacteria to be used as drugs. In 1982, human insulin (胰岛素) made from genetically engineered bacteria, became the first genetically engineered human drugs approved by the FDA.
1.What does the word “docile” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A.Gentle. B.Loyal. C.Smart. D.Ambitious.
2.How did the ancient farmers try to improve wheat?
A.Through selective cultivation. B.By editing its genes constantly.
C.Through mixture with teosinte. D.By planting it in large numbers.
3.What can we infer about genetic modification?
A.It is rarely seen in daily life. B.It was quite difficult to accept.
C.It is hardly influenced by humans. D.It played a role in medical field.
4.From which section of a newspaper is the text most probably taken?
A.Health. B.Lifestyle. C.Science. D.Agriculture.
高三英语阅读选择中等难度题
Genetic modification (基因改良) dates back to ancient times, when humans influenced genetics by selectively breeding organisms (培育生物) according to an article by Gabriel Rangel, a public health scientist at Harvard University. When repeated over several generations, this process leads to great changes in the organisms.
Dogs were likely the first animals to be purposefully genetically modified, with the beginnings of that effort dating back about 32,000 years, according to Rangel. Wild wolves joined our hunter-gatherer ancestors in East Asia, where the aggressive canines were kept in the household and bred to become docile and easier to get along with. Over thousands of years, people bred dogs with different desired character and physical characteristics, eventually leading to the wide variety of dogs we see today.
The earliest known genetically modified plant is wheat. This valuable crop is thought to have originated in the Middle East and northern Africa in the area known as the Fertile Crescent, according to a 2015 article published in the Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine. Ancient farmers selectively bred wheat grasses beginning around 9000 B. C. to create improved varieties with larger grains and hardier seeds. By 800 B.C., the cultivation (培养) of improved wheat had spread across Europe and Asia. The continued selective cultivation of wheat resulted in the thousands of varieties that are grown today.
Corn has also experienced some of greatest genetic changes over the past few thousand years. The main crop was changed from a plant known as teosinte, a wild grass with tiny ears and only a few seeds. Over time, farmers selectively bred the teosinte grasses to create corn with large ears bursting with seeds.
Beyond those crops, many of the fruit and vegetables we eat today, including bananas, apples and tomatoes, have experienced several generations of selective raising, according to Rangel.
In 1973, researchers also modified bacteria to be used as drugs. In 1982, human insulin (胰岛素) made from genetically engineered bacteria, became the first genetically engineered human drugs approved by the FDA.
1.What does the word “docile” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A.Gentle. B.Loyal. C.Smart. D.Ambitious.
2.How did the ancient farmers try to improve wheat?
A.Through selective cultivation. B.By editing its genes constantly.
C.Through mixture with teosinte. D.By planting it in large numbers.
3.What can we infer about genetic modification?
A.It is rarely seen in daily life. B.It was quite difficult to accept.
C.It is hardly influenced by humans. D.It played a role in medical field.
4.From which section of a newspaper is the text most probably taken?
A.Health. B.Lifestyle. C.Science. D.Agriculture.
高三英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
______ on the top of the hill is an ancient temple dating back to the 17th century.
A. Standing B. Having stood C. Being stood D. Having stood
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Until a century ago, bloodletting was used to treat many ailments. Dating back to before the time of Christ, the treatment involved letting a type of worm, called a leech, such blood from the patient. People believed that there were liquids called humors in the body and that these determined a person’s personality and heath. Bloodletting, they thought, restored a balance to these humors.
At the time, little was known of the working of the human body, but people did know that the same liquid, blood, flowed throughout everyone’s body. They knew it was a vital substance, for loss of any great amount of it meant certain death. Thus, they concluded that all diseases were carried in the bloodstream, and that if the body was relieved of bad blood, heath would return. Bloodletting, however, came to be used as a cure-all. Woman were bled to keep them from blushing while members of the clergy were bled to prevent them from thinking sinful and worldly thoughts.
From the 11th to the 18th centuries, barbers were the people to go to if you needed to be bled. This custom explains the significance of the traditional barber’s pole: the white stripes stand for bandages and the red stripe for blood.
1. This passage is concerned about .
healthy people and doctors B. bleeding as a cure-all
C. barbers of long ago D. leeches with special jobs to do
2. The red and white stripes on barber pole symbolize .
sin and redemption B. the bleeding form
C. women who are nurses D. humors in the body
3. Why is bloodletting no longer considered a cure-all?
Because more is known about the workings of the human body.
Because leeches were outlawed
Because barbers were too busy cutting hair.
Because today we know that blood is necessary for health
4. In the second paragraph, the word “Thus” could be replaced by the word .
A. When B. However C. If D. So
5. Ailments means .
A. cures B. women C. disease D. medicines
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
When I think of the true meaning of the holiday season, my mind always takes me back to the time when I was a student in Boston. As an Asian, I was often ______ about my accent and my lack of ______ of all things Bostoman. But I was ______ about the city and its rich history. It was a time I felt most alive.
One December, ______, I found myself alone in Boston over the holidays. I couldn’t go back and see my parents. As my friends talked about their home ______. I became increasingly blue. When a friend ______ to take me home for Christmas. I didn’t hesitate before saying yes. I knew it wasn’t an easy ______ for her because her family was very poor. But that didn’t ______ to me.
It was my first time celebrating Christmas ______ and I didn’t know what to expect. My ______ disappeared when I met her warm mom, who immediately gave me a big, welcoming ______.
On Christmas Eve, I ______ the family to their local church. The next day, we exchanged gifts. I certainly didn’t ______ anything from my hosts. After all, they could hardly afford their own presents and I was ______ that they had taken me in on such short notice. I was ______ when my friend’s mom handed me not one, but three gifts. The ______ lady had gone to town and ______ what a young Asian girl would like for Christmas.
I learned many lessons that day about the true meaning of ______ a and I learned that simple acts of kindness can remain in my ______ forever. The sweetness of that Christmas so many years ago is the ______ by which I measure each and every Christmas.
1.A. mistaken B. confused C. teased D. informed
2.A. knowledge B. memory C. imagination D. appreciation
3.A. optimistic B. careful C. clear D. crazy
4.A. therefore B. however C. besides D. otherwise
5.A. instructions B. experiences C. visits D. possessions
6.A. pretended B. offered C. agreed D. managed
7.A. challenge B. choice C. excuse D. decision
8.A. matter B. mean C. decrease D. expose
9.A. nowhere B. somewhere C. anywhere D. elsewhere
10.A. pride B. worry C. shame D. confidence
11.A. hug B. wave C. impression D. signal
12.A. sent B. invited C. accompanied D. led
13.A. receive B. expect C. team D. borrow
14.A. hopeful B. relaxed C. concerned D. grateful
15.A. surprised B. embarrassed C. relieved D. annoyed
16.A. stubborn B. sensitive C. considerate D. brave
17.A. turned out B. found out C. pointed out D. carried out
18.A. understanding B. accepting C. remembering D. giving
19.A. heart B. body C. history D. seat
20.A. rule B. concept C. standard D. administration
高三英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
There ___when we came here last time, which was said to date back to 773 BC.
A. stood a great castle B. does stand a great castle
C. stands a great castle D. did stand a great castle
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is an ancient form of healthcare that dates back over 2,500 years, which aims to prevent or cure disease by maintaining or restoring yinyang balance. Fundamentally, TCM seeks to restore a dynamic balance between two complementary forces, yin(passive) and yang(active) . According to the yinyang theory, a person is healthy when harmony exists between these two forces; illness, on the other hand, results from a breakdown in the balance.
TCM practitioners(从业者) look to treat the root cause of disease and take a holistic approach to helping people experience complete recovery without the use of conventional drugs. TCM is “holistic” because it takes into account all aspects of a patient's life, rather than just several obvious symptoms. TCM practitioners view the body as a complex system, rather than separate organs. They use smell, hearing, touch, and pulse diagnosis(诊断) to discover the source of an unbalanced health condition. In addition, the practitioner typically makes use of what is known as five phases(wuxing) . Using the five-phase theory, the practitioner can create a plan for treatment that might contain such components as herbs, lifestyle changes, and foods for recovery.
Over the past several decades, TCM has been going global. It is now practiced in 183 countries and regions with 86 of them signing agreements with China to promote it. More and more medical schools are now recognizing the importance of training students and staff in “mind-body” practices that emphasize disease prevention and holistic treatments. A study of 3,200 physicians, conducted by Health Products Research, indicates that more than 50 percent of physicians in the U. S. planned to begin or increase use of TCM.
1.What is the most important to stay healthy according to TCM?
A.Having as little yin as possible. B.Ensuring much yang all the time.
C.Staying away from conventional drugs. D.Keeping the balance between yin and yang.
2.Which is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “holistic”?
A.optimistic B.dull
C.systematic D.passive
3.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A.The globalization of TCM. B.The history of TCM.
C.The significance of TCM. D.The benefits of TCM.
4.On what theories is TCM based according to this passage?
A.Practitioner and patient. B.Yinyang and wuxing.
C.Diagnosis and cure. D.Prevention and treatment.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The custom ______Roeman times; for detailed information_________the history book.( )
A.dating back to ;referring to
B.dates back to;refer to
C.dates from;referring to
D.dating from;refer to
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
The discovery of an ancient giant panda skull has confirmed its bamboo diet dates back more than 2 million years and may have played a key part in its survival.
A Chinese-US research team reports its results today following studies on a fossil skull found in south China’s Cuangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 2001.
The six fossils unearthed in Jinyin Cave are dated between 2.4 and 2 million years ago, according to the report in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, an influential US journal.
Jin Changzhu, of the chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and lead author of the paper, said the smaller fossil skull indicates the giant pandas were about a third smaller than today’s pandas.
Researchers knew the panda reached its maximum size about 500,000 years ago, when it peaked ,and then gradually became smaller.
Jin, a paleontologist (古生物学者) at the Institute of Vertebrate paleontology and Paleoanthropology (古人类学) attached to the CAS, said the size variation was a basic rule of evolution.
“A species tends to grow bigger when it reaches the peak of its population , but becomes smaller when numbers decline,” he said.
The dental remains of the skull, which is the oldest giant panda skull ever found, are similar to today’s pandas, indicating the type of teeth that could munch (津津有味地嚼)mountains of bamboo. A panda can eat up to 40kg of bamboo per day.
Paleoanthropologist Russell Ciochon, the US co-author at the University of lowa, said the panda’s focus on bamboo could have helped it survive all these years.
“Once an animal begins to rely on a common and stable food source, such as bamboo, it tends to evolve a larger body size,” he said. “As individuals of the evolving species grow bigger, they have a better chance not to be eaten by predators (肉食动物) due to their larger body size.”
1.According to the research of the CAS , there were most pandas in the world .
A. 2 million years ago
B. between 2.4 and 2 million years ago
C. 500,000 years ago
D. Nowadays
2.The underlined word “variation” in para 6 means .
A. fall B. change C. increase D. decrease
3.From the passage, we can learn .
A. pandas began to eat bamboo 2 million years ago
B. a species tends to grow smaller when numbers decline
C. the giant pandas were about a third the size of today’s pandas
D. pandas’ bamboo has played an important role in its development
4.The passage mainly tells us that .
A. pandas are endangered
B. pandas had a long history
C. pandas had bamboo to beat predators
D. today’s Pandas are similar to the oldest ones
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Our friendship ________our childhood has lasted for years.
A.dates back to | B.dating back | C.dates from | D.dating from |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
The church ,___________the 14th century , is still well preserved.
A.dates back to | B.dating back to |
C.that dates back to | D.which dated back to |
高三英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析