When you think of the Himalayas, you may pict...

When you think of the Himalayas, you may picture tall, rocky, snow-covered peaks. But that’s not true.

The subnival (亚冰雪的) region is the zone between the treeline and the snowline. It is 5 to 15 times as large as the areas of glaciers (冰川) and permanent snow, which means studying it is vital to understanding the Himalayas as a whole.

The treeline is the edge of an ecosystem where trees are able to grow, and beyond the treeline environmental conditions become too tough to allow tree growth. Meanwhile, snowlines are the boundaries on mountains that separate areas with permanent snow (where snow is present for the majority of the year) from areas with seasonal or no snow.

Researchers used satellite data from 1993 to 2018 to measure plant cover between 4,150 meters and 6,000 meters above sea level. The scientists discovered that the greatest increase in plant cover was between an altitude of 5,000 meters and 5,500 meters. Subnival plants mostly include small shrubs and grasses.

Even areas once completely occupied by glaciers now hold rocks covered with mosses (苔藓), lichen (地衣), and sometimes even flowers. In addition, the snowline seems to be retreating, while the treeline is expanding. This shows that the region is becoming warmer, causing more melting of snow and allowing vegetation to move up in height.

In the past 40 years, 25%of all Himalayan ice has been lost due to global warming. Himalayan glaciers are reducing by about 0.5 meters each year. The rate of glacier melting has doubled in this decade. The melting of glaciers increases water in the region, making it wetter. Receding snow also forces the snowline to move up, providing a greater amount of area for the warm and moist conditions, which are perfect for vegetation growth.

As of now, we do not know whether vegetation will accelerate or slow down the rate of glacier melting.

1.How does the writer develop the third paragraph?

A.By making explanations.

B.By giving some examples.

C.By analyzing cause and effect.

D.By listing specific data.

2.What does the underlined word “retreating” mean in Paragraph 5?

A.Disappearing.

B.Lengthening.

C.Withdrawing.

D.Widening.

3.What is the direct effect of global warming on the Himalayas?

A.The snowline moves up.

B.Glaciers are melting faster.

C.The subnival area is wetter.

D.Plants grow much better.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.The Climate of Himalayas Is Changing.

B.Icebergs in the Himalayas Disappear.

C.Plants Are Diverse in the Himalayas.

D.Plant Life Spreads in the Himalayas.

高三英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析

When you think of a national park, you generally picture fresh air and wild animals, right? Well, now you're going to have to add tea shops and something called "the Tube" to your definition, because London, England has signed up to be the first "National Park City."

London was established by the Romans around 2,000 years ago and has been continually inhabited (居住于) since then. In all that time, however, nobody had the idea to replace all the parks with big box stores or high buildings, which means London already has a much lower urban density (密度)than most of the worlds cities. Nowadays about a third of the city is green space,

In July 2019, London announced its willingness to become the world’s first National Park City. Now the city is moving toward the goal of achieving 50% green space by the year 2050 by connecting and expanding public parks, greening up unused parking lots and the private yards of existing and new houses, fixing some green roofs on existing buildings and even cutting holes in fences for wildlife to pass through.

"Inspired by the aims and values of our precious rural national parks, the London National Park City is basically about making life better in the capital through both small everyday things and long-term strategic thinking," Daniel Raven-Ellison, who began the campaign to make London a National Park City six years ago said in a press release. "We've been doing that in London for centuries, which is why London is so green and diverse. "

London will have a much easier job achieving this type of green transformation than more densely-urbanized cities like Paris and New York, which have 10% and 27% greenspace, respectively. But that doesn't mean it's not possible——the National Park City Foundation hopes to employ 25 more cities in addition to London by the year 2025. Glasgow, Scotland and Newcastle upon Tyne in northeast England are both currently considering becoming National Park Cities.

1.What makes London more likely to become a national park city than other cities?

A.Its smaller population. B.The government’s efforts.

C.Its less dense urbanization, D.Its citizens’ great support.

2.Where can we find the data on London’s measures to achieve its goal?

A.In Paragraph 1. B.In Paragraph 2.

C.In Paragraph 3. D.In Paragraph 4.

3.What is Daniel Raven-Ellison trying to talk about in the fourth paragraph?

A.London’s long-term strategic thinking.

B.The significance of London’s campaign.

C.The effects of national parks on London.

D.The resources of London’s green space.

4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A.Trying to be a national park city is turning new trend.

B.National park cities are springing up around the world.

C.It is so easy for London to become a national park city.

D.National park cities are making improvements to our life.

高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

When you think of a national park, you generally picture fresh air and wild animals, right? Well, now you're going to have to add tea shops and something called "the Tube" to your definition, because London, England has signed up to be the first "National Park City."

London was established by the Romans around 2.000 years ago and has been continually inhabited (居住于) since then. In all that time, however, nobody had the idea to replace all the parks with big box stores or high buildings, which means London already has a much lower urban density (密度)than most of the worlds cities. Nowadays about a third of the city is green space,

In July 2019, London announced its willingness to become the world's first National Park City. Now the city is moving toward the goal of achieving 50% green space by the year 2050 by connecting and expanding public parks, greening up unused parking lots and the private yards of existing and new houses, fixing some green roofs on existing buildings and even cutting holes in fences for wildlife to pass through.

"Inspired by the aims and values of our precious rural national parks, the London National Park City is basically about making life better in the capital through both small everyday things and long-term strategic thinking." Daniel Raven-Ellison, who began the campaign to make London a National Park City six years ago said in a press release. "We’ ve been doing that in London for centuries, which is why London is so green and diverse.”

London will have a much easier job achieving this type of green transformation than more densely-urbanized cities like Paris and New York, which have 10% and 27% greenspace respectively. But that doesn't mean it's not possible--- the National Park City Foundation hopes to employ 25 more cities in addition to London by the year 2025. Glasgow. Scotland and Newcastle upon Tyne in northeast England are both currently considering becoming National Park Cities.

1.What makes London more likely to become a national park city than other cities?

A.Its smaller population. B.Its less dense urbanization.

C.Its citizens' great support. D.The government's efforts.

2.Where can we find the data on London's measures to achieve its goal?

A.In Paragraph 1. B.In Paragraph 2.

C.In Paragraph 3. D.In Paragraph 4.

3.What is Daniel Raven-Ellison trying to talk about in the fourth paragraph?

A.The significance of London's campaign.

B.The effects of national parks on London.

C.The resources of London's green space.

D.The strategic thinking of London for long.

4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A.Trying to be a national park city is turning new trend.

B.National park cities are springing up around the world.

C.It is so easy for London to become a national park city.

D.National park cities are making improvements to our life.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

If you hear the word“Castle” or the word“palace”，you may picture the same kind of building for both：large，made of stones，probably with a tower. And，of course，you're not entirely wrong，as those are features of both palaces and castles.

So then hay bother to visit one royal building in the United Kingdom Buckingham Palace and another the same country Windsor Castle?It turns out there is a difference，and you

can find it pretty plainly in these two popular buildings.

The Case for Castles

Castles were residences for royalty.But they were also intend as defensive seats. Say you're a king who has taken a particular area over.Now you have to hold it. castle and staff it with soldiers to defend your conquered territory and ensure it remains part of　 your kingdom.

Castles were built throughout Europe and the Middle East primarily for protection of the king and his people.Some common features of castles include：

●thick walls and heavy gates to keep invaders out

●protective low walls for archers to shoot with cover

●high towers for keeping a lookout over the surrounding

●gate houses for admitting allies instead of allowing enemies into the castle

The Place for Palaces

Palaces， on the contrary， had no defensive purposes.They were first meant for showing off the great victory of the war.Palaces were where the spoils(战利品) of war might be displayed,along with grand architecture,massive banquet halls,golden table settings and maybe even hundreds of luxuriously decorated rooms.

While kings certainly took up residence in palaces as well as castles,nonmilitary royals might also have lived in (or still live in)palaces. Ministers could live in castles to show the power of their riches rather than their nonexistent military power. The term comes from Palatine Hill in Rome.

1.Which of the flowing is one feature of castles?

A.Low towers surrounding castles.

B.Defensive low walls for shooting.

C.Gatehouses allowing enemies into the castle.

D.Thick walls and heavy gates to lock invaders in.

2.Why were palaces first built?

A.To accommodate ordinary soldiers.

B.To defend the king's conquered territory.

C.To show off the art of royal painting,

D.To display huge success of the war.

3.What is the main purpose of the next?

A.To list the reasons for kings living in palaces.

B.To make a comparison between castles and palaces.

C.To talk about The value of castles in modern times.

D.To show palaces are more popular than castles.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

You may be fascinated with pictures of animals in the wild. You might have imagined yourself taking pictures of animals that are rarely seen in the city. If you do get that chance, you may want to consider the following tips or rules.

First of all, a lot of professional photographers give respect to these animals and the environment they are in. Just remember that you should respect the animals and the environment in case these animals bite or hurt you.

Keep in mind that you are taking pictures of real, live, wild animals. A wild animal may bite to protect itself. You must be sensitive while taking their pictures and be gentle in all your movements. Do not feed the animals, or interact with animals that are sleeping or caring for their young.

If you are going to a place where it is privately(私人)owned, you’d better get the owner’s permission first before you start taking pictures.

Change the flash of your camera to natural light, so the animals will not be frightened or surprised when you start shooting. Animals do not react well when they are surprised.

Be very patient. Make sure you are aware of the changes in behavior of the animal and its moods. Be familiar with the animals’ natural habitat.

Now if those rules are clear, it is time for planning. Consider the weather; some animals do not go out when it is raining while some animals love the rain. Therefore, a little research on the weather will not hurt. You should consider taking pictures after sunrise and before sunset. Now if the animal is nocturnal(夜间活动的), then you should prepare to battle not only the wild but also the darkness.

An adventure in the wild will make you very excited. However, you should be well equipped, have experts to back you up, and also a permit for doing the photo shoot. If you do not have any of these, then maybe you should consider visiting the zoo instead.

1.The main purpose of the author in writing this passage is　　.

A. to call for us to protect animals

B. to show where to buy pictures of animals

C. to explain how to get along with wild animals

D. to give us tips on taking pictures of animals in the wild

2.Which of the following aspects is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A. Respecting the animals.

B. Making gentle movements.

C. Making the animals happy.

D. Changing the flash of your camera to natural light.

3. If the animals are on a farm owned by a person, we should　　.

A. ask the owner to take pictures for us

B. ask for the owner’s permission first

C. make sure the owner is present when we take pictures

D. take pictures when the owner is feeding animals

4. We can infer from the passage that　　.

A. most animals love being taken pictures of

B. we have to finish the pictures before sunset

C. we’d better take pictures when the animals are sleeping

D. we should pay attention to the animals’ moods when taking pictures

5.What preparation should you do before going to take pictures of wild animals?

①Preparing some food to feed the animals.

②Asking experts for advice.

③Knowing the weather in the animals’ habitat.

④Getting a permission for taking pictures of wild animals.

A. ①②④            B. ②③④            C. ①②③            D. ①③④

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

. — Do you think there is anything ____ interest in the exhibition?

— Yes, I think some of the pictures are ____.

高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

You may picture firefighters holding a hose （水管） outside of a burning building，but the Golden Eagles Hotshots don't fight fires quite that way．When they go into action，you may not even see a fire truck．

The Hotshots are firefighters who battle fires in wilderness areas．But don't think you'll only find them in California．Wherever there is a national wildfire emergency，the Golden Eagles Hotshots could be there．

But these firefighters don't work the same way as those in big cities．They work where there are large numbers of trees，bushes，and grass．They climb up and down steep hills to clear brush and burnable debris （残骸）．They sometimes use water，but often fight fire with fire！

They do that by lighting what are called “backfires” ---- small，controlled fires that burn up fuel in the path of larger wildfires．That way, when the wildfire gets there, it has nothing to burn and nowhere to go，because all the burnable fuel has already gone up in smoke．

The Hotshots also clear away fuel using old-fashioned hard work．For example，they use a saw to cut away trees and heavy brush that could catch fire．

Of course there are times when the Golden Eagles Hotshots do have trucks to supply water to the fires．But the water is limited，and these guys have to rely on hard work more than anything．Physical fitness is very important．They have to be strong to handle steep hills while carrying a 60­pound pack．

Thanks to their efforts，many lives have been saved，many houses not burned，and countless trees still standing．

1.According to the passage，why do the firefighters light “backfires”？

A．To signal for help．             B．To remove obstacles．

C．To protect trees and bushes．    D．To prevent the fire from spreading．

2.What can we learn about the Golden Eagles Hotshots？

A．They are firefighters working in big cities．

B．Their work requires physical strength．

C．They are working for free．

D．They usually hold a hose to put out the fires．

3.All of the following can reflect that the Golden Eagles Hotshots are special  EXCEPT their working 　　　．

A. areas          B. ways           C. achievements   D. tools

4.What is the author's attitude towards the Golden Eagles Hotshots？

A．Appreciative．　B．Doubtful．    C．Worried．    D．Critical．

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：请将答案写在答题纸上相应的题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。

Problem: On the scale of problems, “pictures of food on the Internet” is firmly first-world. And that is almost certainly a too-generous definition of “problem.” When it comes to photographing and putting your dinner on line, I say live and let live, you know? Maybe your salad was particularly inviting and pleasing that night, and I, too, have spent many an hour clicking “random” on Smitten Kitchen and salivating（流口水）.

But I assume if you’re making the effort to arrange your food artfully and preserve its memory in a digital archive, you must... like food. And want it to taste good. A recent study published in the Journal of Consumer Psychology suggests that spending time focusing on images of food makes the food itself less satisfying.

Methodology: The researchers assumed that imagining enjoying something might lead to satiation -- the feeling that makes the second piece of cake taste not-quite-as-good as the first. To test this, they had some people participate in two experiments that they were told were separate -- one in which they rated how appetizing different photos of food looked, and one in which they ate some peanuts and rated how much they enjoyed them.

A separate group of people did the same experiment again, but in the photo-rating portion, some were asked to rate how appetizing the food was or to choose a preference between two foods, and some were asked to rate the brightness of the photo itself.

Results: The more photos of food people looked at, the less they enjoyed the peanuts -- if they were looking at photos of salty food. People who looked carefully at images of sweets enjoyed the peanuts more, suggesting that imagination causes satiation only if you’re imagining a similar food. In the second experiment, participants who focused on the brightness of the photos were able to enjoy the peanuts more than those who were thinking about the deliciousness of foods while they looked at the images.

Implications: You’ll probably enjoy your food more if you don’t take a picture of it, or scroll through images of cookies at work and then eat one when you get home. This also has potential implications for advertisers, who may unknowingly be giving away satiation for free when they show images of chicken wings or whatever in front of us all day long. But luckily the study provides a hint: Try not to think about the food’s taste while you take a photo -- just focus on your composition.

1.___________________

2.___________________

3.___________________

4.___________________

5.___________________

6.___________________

7.___________________

8.___________________

9.___________________

10.___________________

高三英语任务型阅读困难题查看答案及解析

语法填空

When people hear the word ''rat'', they may think of dirty animals that spread disease. And if you are an English learner, you may also connect the word ''rat'' with bad 1. (express). For example, calling someone a ''rat'' is 2. big insult and ''rat race'' describes a joyless, hurried way of living. So rats 3. (general) are not beloved animals either in life or the English language. But the rat trainers at the nonprofit organization, APOPO, see the animals very differently.

Based on Tanzania, APOPO trains giant rats 4. (find) landmines. Humans 5. (use) metal-searching devices to do this work for years. But rats--- it turns out--- do it better. And they also cost 6. (little) money. APOPO estimates that worldwide there are 110 million 7. (hide) explosives (爆炸物) left over from wars. These explosives are still ''live'', or able to explode. The work that APOPO does is really important in spreading the fact 8. rats are not just a pest. They really are 9. (hero) and they show us every day that they are worthy 10. that name.

高三英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

I don’t think you should mention it at the beginning of the story, or it may ____ the shocking ending.

高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析