Computers have beaten human world champions at chess and, earlier this year, the board game Go. So far, though, they have struggled at the card table. So we challenged one AI to a game.
Why is poker(扑克) so difficult? Chess and Go are “information complete” games where all players can see all the relevant information. In poker, other players’ cards are hidden, making it an “information incomplete” game. Players have to guess opponents’ hands from their actions—tricky for computers. Poker has become a new benchmark for AI research. Solving poker could lead to many breakthroughs, from cyber security to driverless cars.
Scientists believe it is only a matter of time before AI once again vanquishes humans, hence our human-machine match comes up in a game of Texas Hold’s Em Limit Poker. The AI was developed by Johannes Heinrich, researcher studying machine learning at UCL. It combines two techniques: neural(神经的) networks and reinforcement learning(强化学习).
Neural networks, to some degree, copy the structure of human brains: their processors are highly interconnected and work at the same time to solve problems. They are good at spotting patterns in huge amounts of data. Reinforcement learning is when a machine, given a task, carries it out, learning from mistakes it makes. In this case, it means playing poker against itself billions of times to get better.
Mr Heinrich told Sky News: “Today we are presenting a new procedure that has learned in a different way, more similar to how humans learn. In particular, it is able to learn abstract patterns, represented by its neural network, which allow it to deal with new and unseen situations.”
After two hours of quite defensive play, from the computer at least, we called it a draw.
1.Why can’t the computer beat humans at the poker game?
A. Because humans are cleverer than the computer.
B. Because humans practice playing the poker game every day.
C. Because the computer can’t learn the regular rules of the poker game.
D. Because the computer can’t know the other players’ cards completely.
2.What does the underlined word “vanquishes” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Leaves. B. Defeats. C. Cheats. D. Serves.
3.What do we know about the reinforcement learning of AI?
A. It solves problems correctly every time.
B. It is the same as the learning of humans.
C. It learns from the mistakes appearing in a task.
D. It is more developed than the studying ways of humans.
4.What can be inferred from the text?
A. The new procedure of AI has some features of humans.
B. Computers are stronger than humans in every aspect.
C. Humans will beat computers at playing poker forever.
D. Scientists feel unhappy about the result of the poker game.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
Computers have beaten human world champions at chess and, earlier this year, the board game Go. So far, though, they have struggled at the card table. So we challenged one AI to a game.
Why is poker(扑克)so difficult? Chess and Go are “information complete” games where all players can see all the relevant information. In poker, other players’ cards are hidden, making it an “information incomplete” game. Players have to guess opponents’ hands from their actions----tricky for computers. Poker has become a new benchmark for AI research. Solving poker could lead to many breakthroughs, from cyber security to driverless cars.
Scientists believe it is only a matter of time before AI once again vanquishes humans, hence our human-machine match comes up in a game of Texas Hold’s Em Limit Poker. The AI was developed by Johannes Heinrich, researcher studying machine learning at UCL. It combines two techniques: neural(神经的)networks and reinforcement learning(强化学习).
Neural networks, to some degree, copy the structure of human brains: their processors are highly interconnected and work at the same time to solve problems. They are good at spotting patterns in huge amounts of data. Reinforcement learning is when a machine, given a task, carries it out, learning from mistakes it makes. In this case, it means playing poker against itself billions of times to get better.
Mr Heinrich told Sky News: “Today we are presenting a new procedure that has learned in a different way, more similar to how humans learn. In particular, it is able to learn abstract patterns, represented by its neural network, which allow it to deal with new and unseen situations.”
After two hours of quite defensive play, from the computer at least, we called it a draw.
1.Why can’t the computer beat humans at the poker game?
A.Because humans are cleverer than the computer
B.Because humans practice playing the poker game every day
C.Because the computer can’t know the other players’ cards completely
D.Because the computer can’t learn the regular rules of the poker game
2.What does the underlined word “vanquishes” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.Leaves B.Defeats C.Cheats D.Serves
3.What do we know about the reinforcement learning of AI?
A.It solves problems correctly every time
B.It is the same as the learning of humans
C.It learns from the mistakes appearing in a task
D.It is more developed than the studying ways of humans
4.What can be inferred from the text?
A.The new procedure of AI has some features of humans
B.Computers are stronger than humans in every aspect
C.Humans will beat computers at playing poker forever
D.Scientists feel unhappy about the result of the poker game
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Computers have beaten human world champions at chess and, earlier this year, the board game Go. So far, though, they have struggled at the card table. So we challenged one AI to a game.
Why is poker(扑克) so difficult? Chess and Go are “information complete” games where all players can see all the relevant information. In poker, other players’ cards are hidden, making it an “information incomplete” game. Players have to guess opponents’ hands from their actions—tricky for computers. Poker has become a new benchmark for AI research. Solving poker could lead to many breakthroughs, from cyber security to driverless cars.
Scientists believe it is only a matter of time before AI once again vanquishes humans, hence our human-machine match comes up in a game of Texas Hold’s Em Limit Poker. The AI was developed by Johannes Heinrich, researcher studying machine learning at UCL. It combines two techniques: neural(神经的) networks and reinforcement learning(强化学习).
Neural networks, to some degree, copy the structure of human brains: their processors are highly interconnected and work at the same time to solve problems. They are good at spotting patterns in huge amounts of data. Reinforcement learning is when a machine, given a task, carries it out, learning from mistakes it makes. In this case, it means playing poker against itself billions of times to get better.
Mr Heinrich told Sky News: “Today we are presenting a new procedure that has learned in a different way, more similar to how humans learn. In particular, it is able to learn abstract patterns, represented by its neural network, which allow it to deal with new and unseen situations.”
After two hours of quite defensive play, from the computer at least, we called it a draw.
1.Why can’t the computer beat humans at the poker game?
A. Because humans are cleverer than the computer.
B. Because humans practice playing the poker game every day.
C. Because the computer can’t learn the regular rules of the poker game.
D. Because the computer can’t know the other players’ cards completely.
2.What does the underlined word “vanquishes” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Leaves. B. Defeats. C. Cheats. D. Serves.
3.What do we know about the reinforcement learning of AI?
A. It solves problems correctly every time.
B. It is the same as the learning of humans.
C. It learns from the mistakes appearing in a task.
D. It is more developed than the studying ways of humans.
4.What can be inferred from the text?
A. The new procedure of AI has some features of humans.
B. Computers are stronger than humans in every aspect.
C. Humans will beat computers at playing poker forever.
D. Scientists feel unhappy about the result of the poker game.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Computers have beaten human world champions at chess and, earlier this year, the board game Go. So far, though, they have struggled at the card table. So we challenged one AI to a game.
Why is poker(扑克)so difficult? Chess and Go are “information complete” games where all players can see all the relevant information. In poker, other players’ cards are hidden, making it an “information incomplete” game. Players have to guess opponents’ hands from their actions----tricky for computers. Poker has become a new benchmark for AI research. Solving poker could lead to many breakthroughs, from cyber security to driverless cars.
Scientists believe it is only a matter of time before AI once again vanquishes humans, hence our human-machine match comes up in a game of Texas Hold’s Em Limit Poker. The AI was developed by Johannes Heinrich, researcher studying machine learning at UCL. It combines two techniques: neural(神经的)networks and reinforcement learning(强化学习).
Neural networks, to some degree, copy the structure of human brains: their processors are highly interconnected and work at the same time to solve problems. They are good at spotting patterns in huge amounts of data. Reinforcement learning is when a machine, given a task, carries it out, learning from mistakes it makes. In this case, it means playing poker against itself billions of times to get better.
Mr Heinrich told Sky News: “Today we are presenting a new procedure that has learned in a different way, more similar to how humans learn. In particular, it is able to learn abstract patterns, represented by its neural network, which allow it to deal with new and unseen situations.”
After two hours of quite defensive play, from the computer at least, we called it a draw.
1.Why can’t the computer beat humans at the poker game?
A. Because humans are cleverer than the computer
B. Because humans practice playing the poker game every day
C. Because the computer can’t know the other players’ cards completely
D. Because the computer can’t learn the regular rules of the poker game
2.What does the underlined word “vanquishes” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Leaves B. Defeats C. Cheats D. Serves
3.What do we know about the reinforcement learning of AI?
A. It solves problems correctly every time
B. It is the same as the learning of humans
C. It learns from the mistakes appearing in a task
D. It is more developed than the studying ways of humans
4.What can be inferred from the text?
A. The new procedure of AI has some features of humans
B. Computers are stronger than humans in every aspect
C. Humans will beat computers at playing poker forever
D. Scientists feel unhappy about the result of the poker game
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
They have beaten us at chess, and now computers are taking a step into a very human territory: the reading comprehension test.
Alibaba said its artificial research outperformed human beings in a global reading comprehension test that seeks answers to such pressing questions as “what was Nikola Tesla’s ethnicity (种族划分)?” and “how big is the Amazon rainforest?”
Luo Si described the machines’ victory as “a milestone”. He said the technology has many uses, from customer service to museum tutorial (教程) to medical inquires — some of which are already being handled by chatbots globally.
In the test, companies subjected their artificial intelligence systems to questions from the Stanford Question Answering Dataset, which assessed reading comprehension. The computers’ answers were compared against average human responses and ranked.
Tying (打平) in top place were Microsoft, the US software giant, and Alibaba, and — like its peers at home and abroad - is putting more funds into AI, much of it via its research arm.
While Microsoft and Alibaba won by the slimmest of margins (幅度) — at accuracy levels a few basis points (基点) above humans’ 82.3 per cent in providing exact matches to questions- the tie provided a symbol of the AI arms race (军备竞赛) launched by the US and China.
China aims to use its vast data, collected from its 1.4 billion population including 730 million who are online, and financial resources to overtake the US in creating a $150 billion industry that is seen as the next industrial revolution.
Baidu made an early bet on AI, and is leading its rivals in autonomous driving. Tencent, which boasts 1 billion monthly active users on its social media WeChat app, and Alibaba have adopted AI in operations such as customizing news and ads, and are investing in new fields.
1.What does Luo Si think of AI’s performance in reading comprehension?
A.He feels frightened at it. B.He has some doubts about it.
C.He thinks highly of it. D.He considers it worth a try.
2.What does China depend on to lead in AI?
A.The new industrial revolution.
B.The huge market of $150 billion industry investment.
C.The vast amount of data from its 1.4 billion population.
D.The cooperation between Chinese government and Microsoft.
3.In which field does Baidu do better than its rivals?
A.The medical enquiries. B.The customer service.
C.Customer news feeds. D.The driverless cars.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Roger Federer and Serena Williams have been named as 2009' s world champions by the International Tennis Federation（ITF） after topping the year-end rankings．
Federer, who wins the honour for the fifth time, completed a career Grand Slam（大满贯）at Roland Garros before winning his 15th Grand Slam ride at Wimbledon．
And Williams won the Australian Open and Wimbledon, her llth major success．
The pair will receive their awards at the annual 1TF world champions dinner in Paris in June．
Federer regained the world number one ranking from Rafael Nadal after his Paris victory and his Wimbledon win over Andy Roddick saw him surpass Pete Sampras' haul of Grand Slam titles．
He was also runner - up at the Australian Open and the US Open and helped his country retain its Davis Cup world group status．
" It is an honour for me to be named ITF world champion for a fifth time．It was an incredible （不可思议的） year for me both on and off the court," said the 28 - year - old Swiss star whose wife Mirka gave birth to twin girls in July．
"To win my first Roland, Garros title, break the all - time Grand Slam record and regain the number one ranking is amazing．It means a lot to me to finish the year again at the top．"
Williams takes the award for the first time since 2002．As well as her Grand Slam wins, she won the season - ending WTA Championships in Doha．sealing the top ranking in the last event of the year．
She also took the doubles year award with sister Venus after taking their career total to 10 Grand Slam titles．In doing so, she joins Lindsay Davenport and Martina Hingis as the only players to become singles and doubles world champions in the same year．
American twins Bob and Mike Bryan were named as the men' s doubles world champions for the sixth time in seven years．
1.What's the main idea of the text?
A．Roger Federer got his fifth world champions．
B．Serena Williams was named the ITF world champion．
C．Williams & Federer were named 2009' s world champions．
． D．Roger Federer won his first Roland Garros title．
2.What does Federer mean by saying that it was an incredible year for him off the court?
A．He made a lot of money．
B．His wife gave birth to twin girls．
C．He regained the world No.One ranking．
D．He got a Grand Slam title at Roland Garros．
3.In which country might Roland Garros Open take place?
A．France． B．Australia C．The United States D England．
4.____ has never got both singles and doubles world champions in a year．
A．Serena Williams B．Lindsay Davenport
C．Venus Williams D．Martina Hingis
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Roger Federer and Serena Williams have been named as 2009' s world champions by the International Tennis Federation（ITF） after topping the year-end rankings．
Federer, who wins the honour for the fifth time, completed a career Grand Slam（大满贯）at Roland Garros before winning his 15th Grand Slam ride at Wimbledon．
And Williams won the Australian Open and Wimbledon, her llth major success．
The pair will receive their awards at the annual 1TF world champions dinner in Paris in June．
Federer regained the world number one ranking from Rafael Nadal after his Paris victory and his Wimbledon win over Andy Roddick saw him surpass Pete Sampras' haul of Grand Slam titles．
He was also runner - up at the Australian Open and the US Open and helped his country retain its Davis Cup world group status．
" It is an honour for me to be named ITF world champion for a fifth time．It was an incredible （不可思议的） year for me both on and off the court," said the 28 - year - old Swiss star whose wife Mirka gave birth to twin girls in July．
"To win my first Roland, Garros title, break the all - time Grand Slam record and regain the number one ranking is amazing．It means a lot to me to finish the year again at the top．"
Williams takes the award for the first time since 2002．As well as her Grand Slam wins, she won the season - ending WTA Championships in Doha．sealing the top ranking in the last event of die year．
She also took the doubles year award with sister Venus after taking their career total to 10 Grand Slam titles．In doing so, she joins Lindsay Davenport and Martina Hingis as the only players to become singles and doubles world champions in the same year．
American twins Bob and Mike Bryan were named as the men' s doubles world champions for the sixth time in seven years．
1.What's the main idea of the text?
| A．Roger Federer got his fifth world champions． |
| B．Serena Williams was named the ITF world champion． |
| C．Roger Federer won his first Roland Garros title． |
| D．Williams & Federer were named 2009' s world champions． |
2.What does Federer mean by saying that it was an incredible year for him off the court?
| A．He made a lot of money． |
| B．He regained the world No．One ranking． |
| C．His wife gave birth to twin girls． |
| D．He got a Grand Slam title at Roland Garros． |
3.In which country might Roland Garros Open take place?
| A．England． | B．Australia | C．The United States | D．France |
4.The underlined words " the award" in Paragraph 9 possibly refer to ____．
| A．the WTA Campionship | B．the ITF world champion |
| C．the Australian Open title | D．the Wimbledon Open title |
5.____ has never got both singles and doubles world champions in a year．
| A．Serena Williams | B．Lindsay Davenport |
| C．Venus Williams | D．Martina Hingis |
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
When he turned professional at the age of 11, Mike _____ to become a world champion by his coach and parents.
| A．expected | B．was expecting |
| C．was expected | D．would be expected |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
When he turned professional at the age of 11，Mike________to become a world champion by his coach and parents.
A．expected B．was expecting
C．was expected D．would he expected
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
In _____world, where computers rule our work and life, online searches have become _____necessity.
| A．a, a | B．a, the | C．the, a | D．the, / |
高三英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析
A ＂match of the century＂ between human champion of the Chinese board game Go (围棋) and Google’s computer program kicked off in Seoul on Wednesday, which drew great attention.
The first game of the five-game match started at about 1 p.m. local time (0400 GMT) at Four Seasons Hotel in central Seoul. It will run through next Tuesday to determine the winner between South Korean Lee Sedol, the world Go champion in the past 10 years, and AlphaGo, developed by Google’s London-based subsidiary DeepMind.
The match of the century drew great attention from news organizations, Go fans and the general public across the world as well as in South Korea as it is seen as a representative match between humans and artificial intelligence (AI).
The Korea Baduk Association, a body for South Korean Go professionals, had received advance applications for an explanatory event of the match, but the limit of 60 seats had already surpassed.
South Korea’s public broadcaster KBS plans to broadcast live the match from 12:40 to 5 p.m., extending its initial plan to air it for two hours from 3 p.m. due to great interests from the general public. It is unusual for the public broadcaster to broadcast live the Go game for more than four hours.
Cable channel TV Chosun will broadcast the match’s development every 10 minutes on Wednesday and Thursday, while planning to air live the whole matches on Saturday and Sunday.
The match is being aired live through YouTube around the world, while various Internet websites and TVs are broadcasting the landmark match.
Hundreds of journalists from around the world gathered at the venue (体育比赛场所) to report on the match between Lee and AlphaGo.
AlphaGo took the world by surprise as it defeated European Go champion Fan Hui in October last year. Some experts had predicted it would take decades of years for AI to defeat humans at the ancient Chinese board game.
Go, which originated in China more than 2,500 years ago, has been viewed as a grand challenge for AI due to its complexity and intuitive nature. It involves two players, who take turns putting markers (围棋子) on a grid-shaped board to gain more areas on it. One can occupy the markers of the opponent by surrounding the pieces of the other.
1.What does the underlined phrase ＂kicked off＂ mean?
A. Started. B. Stayed. C. Closed. D. Finished.
2.Why did the match draw so much attention in the world?
A. Because the match was the first one between humans and AlphaGo.
B. Because it is seen as a representative match between humans and AI.
C. Because it would take decades of years for AI to defeat humans at the ancient Chinese board game.
D. Because many TVs broadcast live the game.
3.The following statements are true except _______.
A. there are five matches between South Korean Lee Sedol and AlphaGo
B. AlphaGo gave the world a surprise by defeating European Go champion Fan Hui in October last year
C. Go originated in China more than 2,500 years ago
D. cable channel TV Chosun will broadcast all the five games
4.What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Go match between human champion and Google’s AI draws wide attention
B. Humans challenge artificial intelligence
C. Human Go champion will defeat Google’s AI AlphaGo in Go games
D. Report competition from all over the world become fierce in Go games
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析