Unlike chemists and physicists, who usually do their experiments using machines, biologists and medical researchers have to use living things like rats. But there are three Nobel prize-winning scientists who actually chose to experiment on themselves – all in the name of science, reported The Telegraph.
1. Werner Forssmann (Nobel prize winner in 1956)
Forssmann was a German scientist. He studied how to put a pipe inside the heart to measure the pressure inside and decide whether a patient needs surgery.
Experiments had been done on horses before, so he wanted to try with human patients. But it was not permitted because the experiment was considered too dangerous.
Not giving up, Forssmann decided to experiment on himself. He anaesthetized (麻醉) his own arm and made a cut, putting the pipe 30 centimeters into his vein (静脉). He then climbed two floors to the X-ray room before pushing the pipe all the way into his heart.
2. Barry Marshall (Nobel prize winner in 2005)
Most doctors in the mid-20th century believed that gastritis was down to stress, spicy food or an unusually large amount of stomach acid. But in 1979 an Australian scientist named Robin Warren found that the disease might be related to a bacteria (细菌) called Helicobacter pylori.
So he teamed up with his colleague, Barry Marshall, to continue the study. When their request to experiment on patients was denied, Marshall bravely drank some of the bacteria. Five days later, he lost his appetite and soon was vomiting each morning – he indeed had gastritis.
3. Ralph Steinman (Nobel prize winner in 2011)
This Canadian scientist discovered a new type of immune system cell called the dendritic cell. He believed that it had the ability to fight against cancer.
Steinman knew he couldn’t yet use his method to treat patients. So in 2007, when doctors told him that he had cancer and that it was unlikely for him to live longer than a year, he saw an opportunity.
With the help of his colleagues, he gave himself three different vaccines based on his research and a total of eight experimental therapies (疗法). Even though Steinman eventually died from his cancer, he lived four and a half years, much longer than doctors had said he would.
1.The passage is mainly about _________.
A. some dangerous experiments that Nobel prize winners did on themselves
B. difficulties that scientists went through in order to make important discoveries
C. the reasons why some scientists chose to experiment on themselves
D. three Nobel prize winners who did experiments on themselves
2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?
A. Forssmann’s experiment ended in failure.
B. Forssmann managed to do his experiment on different kinds of animals.
C. Barry Marshall succeeded by drinking some Helicobacter pylori.
D. Barry Marshall’s experiment on himself confirmed that most doctors’ belief about gastritis was correct.
3.From the text, we can conclude that Ralph Steinman _________.
A. discovered a new type of cancer cell called the dendritic cell
B. tried different therapies containing the dendritic cell on himself
C. knew that he himself would have cancer and die from it
D. believed that he was better than doctors at treating cancer
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
Unlike chemists and physicists, who usually do their experiments using machines, biologists and medical researchers have to use living things like rats. But there are three Nobel prize-winning scientists who actually chose to experiment on themselves – all in the name of science, reported The Telegraph.
1. Werner Forssmann (Nobel prize winner in 1956)
Forssmann was a German scientist. He studied how to put a pipe inside the heart to measure the pressure inside and decide whether a patient needs surgery.
Experiments had been done on horses before, so he wanted to try with human patients. But it was not permitted because the experiment was considered too dangerous.
Not giving up, Forssmann decided to experiment on himself. He anaesthetized (麻醉) his own arm and made a cut, putting the pipe 30 centimeters into his vein. He then climbed two floors to the X-ray room before pushing the pipe all the way into his heart.
2. Barry Marshall (Nobel prize winner in 2005)
Most doctors in the mid-20th century believed that gastritis was down to stress, spicy food or an unusually large amount of stomach acid. But in 1979 an Australian scientist named Robin Warren found that the disease might be related to a bacteria called Helicobacter pylori.
So he teamed up with his colleague, Barry Marshall, to continue the study. When their request to experiment on patients was denied, Marshall bravely drank some of the bacteria. Five days later, he lost his appetite and soon was vomiting each morning – he indeed had gastritis.
3. Ralph Steinman (Nobel prize winner in 2011)
This Canadian scientist discovered a new type of immune system cell called the dendritic cell. He believed that it had the ability to fight against cancer.
Steinman knew he couldn’t yet use his method to treat patients. So in 2007, when doctors told him that he had cancer and that it was unlikely for him to live longer than a year, he saw an opportunity.
With the help of his colleagues, he gave himself three different vaccines based on his research and a total of eight experimental therapies（疗法）. Even though Steinman eventually died from his cancer, he lived four and a half years, much longer than doctors had said he would.
1.The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A. present some dangerous experiments that Nobel prize winners did on themselves.
B. list difficulties that scientists went through in order to make important discoveries.
C. explain why some scientists chose to experiment on themselves.
D. introduce a few Nobel prize winners who did experiments on themselves.
2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?
A. Forssmann’s experiment ended in failure.
B. Forssmann had the pipe pushed all the way into his heart.
C. Barry Marshall succeeded by drinking some Helicobacter pylori.
D. Barry Marshall’s experiment on himself confirmed that most doctors’ belief about gastritis was correct.
3.The underlined word “gastritis” in Paragraph 5 probably means ______.
A. a kind of bacteria B. a kind of stomach disease
C. a new type of therapy D. a large amount of stomach acid
4.From the text, we can conclude that Ralph Steinman ______.
A. discovered a new type of cancer cell called the dendritic cell
B. tried different therapies containing the dendritic cell on himself
C. had his request to experiment on patients denied
D. believed that he was better than doctors at treating cancer
5.Where can we read such a passage?
A. In a newspaper. B. In a poster.
C. In a textbook. D. In a science book.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Unlike chemists and physicists, who usually do their experiments using machines, biologists and medical researchers have to use living things like rats. But there are three Nobel prize-winning scientists who actually chose to experiment on themselves – all in the name of science, reported The Telegraph.
1. Werner Forssmann (Nobel prize winner in 1956)
Forssmann was a German scientist. He studied how to put a pipe inside the heart to measure the pressure inside and decide whether a patient needs surgery.
Experiments had been done on horses before, so he wanted to try with human patients. But it was not permitted because the experiment was considered too dangerous.
Not giving up, Forssmann decided to experiment on himself. He anaesthetized (麻醉) his own arm and made a cut, putting the pipe 30 centimeters into his vein (静脉). He then climbed two floors to the X-ray room before pushing the pipe all the way into his heart.
2. Barry Marshall (Nobel prize winner in 2005)
Most doctors in the mid-20th century believed that gastritis was down to stress, spicy food or an unusually large amount of stomach acid. But in 1979 an Australian scientist named Robin Warren found that the disease might be related to a bacteria (细菌) called Helicobacter pylori.
So he teamed up with his colleague, Barry Marshall, to continue the study. When their request to experiment on patients was denied, Marshall bravely drank some of the bacteria. Five days later, he lost his appetite and soon was vomiting each morning – he indeed had gastritis.
3. Ralph Steinman (Nobel prize winner in 2011)
This Canadian scientist discovered a new type of immune system cell called the dendritic cell. He believed that it had the ability to fight against cancer.
Steinman knew he couldn’t yet use his method to treat patients. So in 2007, when doctors told him that he had cancer and that it was unlikely for him to live longer than a year, he saw an opportunity.
With the help of his colleagues, he gave himself three different vaccines based on his research and a total of eight experimental therapies (疗法). Even though Steinman eventually died from his cancer, he lived four and a half years, much longer than doctors had said he would.
1.The passage is mainly about _________.
A. some dangerous experiments that Nobel prize winners did on themselves
B. difficulties that scientists went through in order to make important discoveries
C. the reasons why some scientists chose to experiment on themselves
D. three Nobel prize winners who did experiments on themselves
2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?
A. Forssmann’s experiment ended in failure.
B. Forssmann managed to do his experiment on different kinds of animals.
C. Barry Marshall succeeded by drinking some Helicobacter pylori.
D. Barry Marshall’s experiment on himself confirmed that most doctors’ belief about gastritis was correct.
3.From the text, we can conclude that Ralph Steinman _________.
A. discovered a new type of cancer cell called the dendritic cell
B. tried different therapies containing the dendritic cell on himself
C. knew that he himself would have cancer and die from it
D. believed that he was better than doctors at treating cancer
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Unlike chemists and physicists, who usually do their experiments using machines, biologists and medical researchers have to use living things like rats. But there are three Nobel prize-winning scientists who actually chose to experiment on themselves – all in the name of science, reported The Telegraph.
1. Werner Forssmann (Nobel prize winner in 1956)
Forssmann was a German scientist. He studied how to put a pipe inside the heart to measure the pressure inside and decide whether a patient needs surgery.
Experiments had been done on horses before, so he wanted to try with human patients. But it was not permitted because the experiment was considered too dangerous.
Not giving up, Forssmann decided to experiment on himself. He anaesthetized (麻醉) his own arm and made a cut, putting the pipe 30 centimeters into his vein. He then climbed two floors to the X-ray room before pushing the pipe all the way into his heart.
2. Barry Marshall (Nobel prize winner in 2005)
Most doctors in the mid-20th century believed that gastritis was down to stress, spicy food or an unusually large amount of stomach acid. But in 1979 an Australian scientist named Robin Warren found that the disease might be related to a bacteria called Helicobacter pylori.
So he teamed up with his colleague, Barry Marshall, to continue the study. When their request to experiment on patients was denied, Marshall bravely drank some of the bacteria. Five days later, he lost his appetite and soon was vomiting each morning – he indeed had gastritis.
3. Ralph Steinman (Nobel prize winner in 2011)
This Canadian scientist discovered a new type of immune system cell called the dendritic cell. He believed that it had the ability to fight against cancer.
Steinman knew he couldn’t yet use his method to treat patients. So in 2007, when doctors told him that he had cancer and that it was unlikely for him to live longer than a year, he saw an opportunity.
With the help of his colleagues, he gave himself three different vaccines based on his research and a total of eight experimental therapies. Even though Steinman eventually died from his cancer, he lived four and a half years, much longer than doctors had said he would.
1.What’s the main purpose of the article?
A. To introduce a few Nobel prize winners who did experiments on themselves.
B. To list difficulties that scientists went through in order to make important discoveries.
C. To explain why some scientists chose to experiment on themselves.
D. To introduce some dangerous experiments that Nobel prize winners did on themselves.
2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?
A. Forssmann’s experiment ended in failure.
B. Forssmann had the pipe pushed all the way into his heart.
C. Barry Marshall succeeded by drinking some Helicobacter pylori.
D. Barry Marshall’s experiment on himself confirmed that most doctors’ belief about gastritis
was correct.
3.The underlined word “gastritis” in Paragraph 5 probably means ______.
A. a kind of bacteria
B. a kind of stomach disease
C. a new type of therapy
D. a large amount of stomach acid
4.From the text, we can conclude that Ralph Steinman ______.
A. discovered a new type of cancer cell called the dendritic cell
B. tried different therapies containing the dendritic cell on himself
C. had his request to experiment on patients denied
D. believed that he was better than doctors at treating cancer
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
A child who suffers bullying(霸凌) usually has low self-esteem and their ability to learn and be successful at school is greatly lessened. Therefore, bullying must be stopped.
The best and most obvious way to stop bullying in schools is for parents to change the way they raise their children at home. Of course, this is much easier said than done and everyone raises their children differently. Bullies, however, come from homes where physical punishment is used and children have been taught that physical violence is the way to handle problems and “get their way”. Bullies usually also come from homes where the parents fight a lot, so children have been modeled on such violence. Parental involvement is often lacking in bullies’ lives and there seems to be little warmth.
Early intervention (干预) is truly the best way to stop bullying, but parents of the victims or therapists(治疗师) can’t alter the bully’s home environment. Some things can be done at the school level, however. Most school programs that address bullying apply a multi-faceted(多层面的) method to the problem.
Hand out questionnaires to all students and teachers and discuss if bullying is occurring. Define exactly what constitutes(构成) bullying at school. The questionnaire is a wonderful tool that allows the school to see how widespread bullying is and what forms it is taking. It is a good way to start to solve the problem.
Get the children’s parents involved in a bullying program. If parents of the bullies and the victims are not aware of what is going on at school, then the whole bullying program will not be effective. Stopping bullying in school takes teamwork and concentrated effort on everyone’s part. Bullying also should be discussed during parent-teacher conferences and PTA meetings. Parental awareness is the key.
In the classroom setting, all teachers should work with the students on bullying. Oftentimes even the teacher is being bullied in the classroom and a program should be set up to teach about bullying. Children understand modeling behaviors and role-play and acting out bullying situations is a very effective tool. Have students role-play a bullying situation.
1.In the author’s opinion, bullies usually _____________.
A.have extremely high self-esteem
B.know little of the harm of violence
C.look forward to parental involvement
D.experience or witness violence at home
2.What does the underlined word “alter” in paragraph 3 mean?
A.understand B.change
C.remove D.approach
3.Paragraph 5 suggests that it’s important to ______________.
A.make a punishment program effective
B.let parents know their children are bullies
C.find the key to improving security at school
D.make parents conscious of bullying at school
4.What is the passage mainly about?
A.How to stop bullying in school. B.What leads to violence in schools.
C.What parents can do to stop bullying. D.How to comfort those who are bullied.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
A survey says what parents say and do in daily life usually has a(n) ______ influence on their child.
A．logical B．permanent C．avoidable D．beneficial
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
What parents say and do in daily life usually have a(n) _________ influence on their child.
A. practical B. avoidable C. beneficial D. permanent
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
_______ parents say and do usually has a life-long effect on their children.
A．That B．Which C．What D．As
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
He usually appears to be honest.Who can fancy such a thing?
A．his do B． his doing
C．his to do D． doing
高三英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析
In societies where social roles are determined, boys usually copy the behavior of their fathers, and girls ___of their mothers.
A. that B. those C. one D. the ones
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
People usually visit cafes to ease themselves of their tiredness and keep themselves from falling asleep, but Mr. Healing, a popular cafe chain in South Korea actually does the opposite. Customers can come in, order a drink, lie down in a comfortable massage chair, and take a nap.
Many Koreans suffer from a lack of sleep as a result of overworking, so any opportunity to relax and even take a nap is greatly appreciated. Mr. Healing is the perfect place to go when you’re on a short work or school break and you need to catch up on sleep. The cafe offers massage periods in various modes, depending on how much time you have and how you choose to spend it.
The 20-minute session is priced at $3.5, the 30-minute massage costs $7, and the 50-minute session is $9, all of which also include a drink. Once you make your choice, you are taken to the “healing center”. You are asked to take off your shoes as well as any jewelry that might damage the chairs, after which you can choose a massage mode, from “stretch” or “sleep”. You can start with stretch for a few minutes, and then switch to sleep if you want to take a short nap. After it comes to an end, you are taken back to the cafe area to enjoy a coffee or one of the many other refreshing drinks on the menu.
Mr. Healing cafes are so popular in Korea that customers are advised to make reservations in advance to be sure that a massage chair is available. “I have to sit on a chair and stare at a computer monitor all day due to my job, the healing room was truly effective to relieve tiredness and stress from weekdays,” said Park Hye-sun, a 24-year-old officer.
Some have described Mr. Healing and other similar relaxation cafes in South Korea as simple fashions, but others see them as a sustainable business model, because they offer a service that Koreans really need.
1.Why do customers come to Mr. Healing?
A. To have themselves checked.
B. To drink specialty coffee.
C. To sleep before work.
D. To have a relaxation.
2.What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?
A. The price of the service.
B. The tips for customers.
C. The process of the service.
D. The choices for customers.
3.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. The massage. B. The coffee. C. A sound sleep D. Your choice.
4.What is Park’s attitude towards Mr. Healing?
A. Negative. B. Neutral. C. Critical. D. Positive.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析