Scientists have created the world's smallest ...

Scientists have created the world's smallest "snowman",_____ about a fifth of the width of a human hair．

A．measures    B．measuring   C．measured     D．to measure

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

British scientists have produced _____ they believe is the world's smallest Christmas card．

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Scientists at Israel's Tel Aviv University say—they have created the world’s first 3D-printed heart with human tissue and blood vessels. Although the organ is only as big as a rabbit’s heart, the researchers are hoping the technology could one day be developed enough to help human patients in need of a heart transplant.

Lead researcher Tal Dvir said that while other scientists have managed to 3D—print the structure of a heart in the past, this is the first time anyone has printed an entire heart. “Our results demonstrate the potential of our approach for engineering personalized tissue and organ replacement in the future,”Dvir said in a press statement.

Scientists used fatty tissue taken from human patients to create the heart. Some material in the tissue was reprogrammed to become stem cells. The remaining material was processed into a hydrogel. They used the hydrogel as a printing：“ink”. This method is key to removing the risk that the implant will be rejected by the patient’s body. The team’s next step is to cultivate the organs in a lab and to teach them how to“behave”like hearts. Dvir’s 3D-printed hearts can currently contract, but the cells still need to develop a pumping ability. His team eventually plans to test the hearts in animals.

“Maybe, in ten years, there will be organ printers in the finest hospitals around the world, and these procedures will be conducted routinely, ”Dvir said. Heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. About 610, 000 people die of this disease in America every year—amounting to about 1 in every 4 deaths. There are currently more than 3700 people waiting for a heart transplant in the United States, according to data from the United States Department of Health and Human Services.

1.What is the purpose of creating the 3D-printed heart?

A.To develop 3D-printed technology. B.To study the hearts of rabbits.

C.To connect hospitals with universities. D.To help patients receive a new heart.

2.Why does the author mention the current situation of heart disease patients?

A.To appeal to hospitals to reduce medical fees.

B.To show the need to improve the new technology.

C.To urge researchers to develop effective medical devices.

D.To introduce the main reason for heart disease to the public.

3.What is the third paragraph mainly about?

A.The course of the research. B.The importance of the research.

C.The material of the 3D-printed heart. D.The method of the 3D-printed heart.

4.What’s Dvir’s attitude towards the new technology?

A.Disapproving. B.Doubtful.

C.Positive. D.Indifferent.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Have you ever been to the world’s smallest bookstore?

The World’s Smallest Bookstore, whose official name is just these three words, sits quietly about 100 miles northeast of Toronto.

The bookstore is about 10 feet by 10 feet，so it is easy to imagine how tiny it really is. The bookstore is open 24 hours a day. Inside the bookstore are various books, especially literary books and classic authors’ works. So if you are looking for something less popular, you may get a bit disappointed there.

Another special feature of this bookstore is that each book only costs three dollars. All the expenses are paid on the honor system, which means buyers should make a note of what they’ve bought and leave their money by themselves. So the tools of the trade in this bookstore are quite simple: pens, papers, light bulbs and a label-maker.

In order to catch passers-by’s attention, the billboards (广告牌) of the bookstore are several times bigger than the store itself. With these large eye-catchers, many people are willing to stop by and have a visit.

1.What’s the passage mainly about?

A. The popular books nowadays.

B. A strange way of selling books.

C. The world’s smallest bookstore

D. The popular bookstores in the world.

2.Which of the following books might you most probably get in the store?

A. Books on popular science.

B. Books on economic control.

C. The year book of a university.

D. Literary books.

3.How could you buy a book from the store?

A. Choose the book(s) and leave the money there.

B. The salesman will get the money for the book.

C. The salesman will help you find the book.

D. Pay on the net and then get the book(s) in the store.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Have you ever realized that the smallest countries in the world have so much to offer? Whether it’s historic and cultural heritage or unspoiled nature, these microstates are worth a visit.

Grenada

Grenada is a small country in the world. It is located on island of Caribbean, which is also known as The Island of Spice for several spices like cinnamon, ginger and rare nutmeg. Grenada relies on tourism. Its pristine beaches, warm turquoise water and unspoiled nature make it a wonderful holiday destination. Recently ecotourism has been growing as well.

San Marino

Located within Italy and surrounded by the Apennine Mountains. San Marino is visited by approximately 2 million tourists annually. It’s a beautiful country, which also claims to be the oldest surviving state in the world! Therefore its cultural and historic heritage is undoubtedly fascinating. Although very small, the microstate has a lot of architectural attractions as well as the Romagna, which is loved by Italians, who are among the main guests here.

Maldives

Maldives is located on the bank of Indian Ocean. Maldives has a range of different habitats including deep sea, shallow coast, and reef ecosystems, fringing mangroves, wetlands and dry lands. Visitors to the Maldives do not need to apply for a pre-arrival visa, regardless of their country of origin, provided they have a valid passport, proof of onward travel, and the money to be self-sufficient while in the country.

Andorra

It’s a picturesque microstate found in the Pyrenees Mountains, bordering Spain and France. Over 10 million tourists visit Andorra every year! Unlike the neighboring countries’ high prices, the country has a duty-free policy, allowing shoppers to enjoy lower costs. Also there are winter and summer resorts, so you can visit anytime.

1.Who might be interested in Grenada?

A. Architects. B. Spice lovers.

C. Historians. D. Mountain climbers.

2.Which of the following is a good choice for people who like building design?

A. Maldives. B. San Marino.

C. Andorra. D. Grenada.

3.What is not required for a traveler to Maldives?

A. Money. B. A passport.

C. A visa. D. A return ticket.

4.What measure has Andorra taken to attract travelers?

A. Offering lower prices. B. Adopting visa-free policy.

C. Setting natural habits. D. Developing scenic spot.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Have you ever realized that the smallest countries in the world have so much to offer? Whether it’s historic and cultural heritage or unspoiled nature, these microstates are worth a visit.

Grenada

Grenada is a small country in the world. It is located on island of Caribbean, which is also known as The Island of Spice for several spices like cinnamon, ginger and rare nutmeg. Grenada relies on tourism. Its pristine beaches, warm turquoise water and unspoiled nature make it a wonderful holiday destination. Recently ecotourism has been growing as well.

San Marino

Located within Italy and surrounded by the Apennine Mountains. San Marino is visited by approximately 2 million tourists annually. It’s a beautiful country, which also claims to be the oldest surviving state in the world! Therefore its cultural and historic heritage is undoubtedly fascinating. Although very small, the microstate has a lot of architectural attractions as well as the Romagna, which is loved by Italians, who are among the main guests here.

Maldives

Maldives is located on the bank of Indian Ocean. Maldives has a range of different habitats including deep sea, shallow coast, and reef ecosystems, fringing mangroves, wetlands and dry lands. Visitors to the Maldives do not need to apply for a pre-arrival visa, regardless of their country of origin, provided they have a valid passport, proof of onward travel, and the money to be self-sufficient while in the country.

Andorra

It’s a picturesque microstate found in the Pyrenees Mountains, bordering Spain and France. Over 10 million tourists visit Andorra every year! Unlike the neighboring countries’ high prices, the country has a duty-free policy, allowing shoppers to enjoy lower costs. Also there are winter and summer resorts, so you can visit anytime.

1.Who might be interested in Grenada?

A.Architects. B.Spice lovers.

C.Historians. D.Mountain climbers.

2.Which of the following is a good choice for people who like building design?

A.Maldives. B.San Marino.

C.Andorra. D.Grenada.

3.What is not required for a traveler to Maldives?

A.Money. B.A passport.

C.A visa. D.A return ticket.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Artificial flesh is growing ever closer to the real thing. Scientists in Australia have now created a new jelly-like material which they claim has the strength and lasting usage of actual skin, ligaments(韧带）,or even bone.

“With the special chemistry we’ve engineered in the hydrogel(水凝胶）,it can repair itself after it has been broken like human skin can,” explains chemist Luke Connal from the Australian National University. “Hydrogels are usually weak, but our material is so strong it could easily lift very heavy objects and can change its shape like human muscles do.”

Having a wet and soft material with such remarkable properties could be very important for the development of next-generation soft robotics and biomedical devices. Creating a shape-changing hydrogel that has multiple functions has proved an ongoing challenge for scientists, even with natural inspiration from sea creatures, such as jellyfish, sea cucumbers, and Venus fly traps.

While some hydrogels can withstand mechanical stress, others have self-healing properties, and a few more have the abilities to memorize shapes or change colours. As far as the ANU researchers know, no one else has been able to incorporate all these functions into one all-encompassing gel. At least, not at the speed and efficiency they’ve achieved.

Using this material, the researchers made extremely thin films of “flesh” without any breakage.

When these films were heated or cooled, they then changed into different shapes, bending one way or the other before returning back to their original state along with the temperature. If temperature is somehow used as a control, the authors think this gel could one day be moved like an artificial muscle. Researchers are trying to modify their temperature control technology accordingly and make a significant step towards turning this hydrogel into practical use.

1.What do you know about the new material according to the text?

A.It looks like the jelly and functions like the robot.

B.It can be easily repaired by scientists after being broken.

C.It is likely to be the most multifunctional hydrogel at present.

D.It can hardly go back to its original shape after heated or cooled.

2.What is the author’s attitude towards the future of the dynamic hydrogel?

A.Indifferent.

B.Neutral.

C.Negative.

D.Positive.

3.What is the best title for the text?

A.Getting scientific inspiration from nature.

B.Lifting heavy objects by dynamic hydrogels.

C.Creating a new kind of flesh with chemistry.

D.Enabling artificial robots to heal themselves.

4.What will the author most probably talk about in the following paragraph?

A.The characters of artificial flesh.

B.The creation of the dynamic hydrogel.

C.The shapes and colors of artificial flesh.

D.The application of the dynamic hydrogel.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Scientists in UK have grown a living human "brain". The team at Aston University created tiny bunch of cells which act like a mini nervous system.

They believe it could help find a cure for worse mental conditions like Parkinson’s disease. Professor Michael Coleman is leading the research program. He explained, "We are aiming to be able to study the human brain at the most basic level, using an actual living human cell system. Cells have to be alive and operating efficiently to enable us to really understand how the brain works. "The experiment involves changing cells from a cancer tumour (肿瘤）and making them behave like brain cells.

Although far from finished, researchers hope the false brain cells will give them a greater understanding of how real brains work. This, in turn, could significantly further research into conditions which affect the brain. Neil Hunt, chief leader of the research group, said, "It is still very early days, but in the future the research could lead to a useful tool for looking into dementia (痴呆)."

The technique could also provide a way to carry on animal test and is being supported by the Humane Research Trust (HRT). The scientists predict that over the next ten years a million people will develop dementia. Professor Coleman believes their findings could change this. He said，"We hope our research will provide scientists with a new and highly relational human experimental model to help them understand the brain better and develop new drugs to control the related disease. However, the biggest challenge at present is that we are greatly short of fund, which will slow our research."

1.UK scientists grow a living human "brain" in order to ______.

A. study the structure of human brain

B. make use of living human cell system

C. discover how human brain really works

D. separate cells from a cancer tumour

2.According to Neil Hunt, research into brain cells ______.

A. will get finished as early as possible

B. will make people discover dementia

C. will affect the brain growth in many ways

D. will help to treat some diseases in nerve system

3.From the last paragraph，we can know that ______

A. the technique provided by HRT is immature

B. animal tests are no longer allowed by law

C. a million people suffer from brain diseases

D. the research program lacks financial support

4.The text is intended to ______.

A. tell us about a breakthrough in medical research

B. introduce a research program in human's brain

C. introduce the progress of drugs for dementia

D. tell us about health problem in nerve system

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Scientists in UK have grown a living human "brain". The team at Aston University created tiny bunch of cells which act like a mini nervous system.

They believe it could help find a cure for worse mental conditions like Parkinson’s disease. Professor Michael Coleman is leading the research program. He explained, "We are aiming to be able to study the human brain at the most basic level, using an actual living human cell system. Cells have to be alive and operating efficiently to enable us to really understand how the brain works. "The experiment involves changing cells from a cancer tumour (肿瘤）and making them behave like brain cells.

Although far from finished, researchers hope the false brain cells will give them a greater understanding of how real brains work. This, in turn, could significantly further research into conditions which affect the brain. Neil Hunt, chief leader of the research group, said, "It is still very early days, but in the future the research could lead to a useful tool for looking into dementia (痴呆)."

The technique could also provide a way to carry on animal test and is being supported by the Humane Research Trust (HRT). The scientists predict that over the next ten years a million people will develop dementia. Professor Coleman believes their findings could change this. He said，"We hope our research will provide scientists with a new and highly relational human experimental model to help them understand the brain better and develop new drugs to control the related disease. However, the biggest challenge at present is that we are greatly short of fund, which will slow our research."

1.UK scientists grow a living human "brain" in order to ______.

A. study the structure of human brain         B. make use of living human cell system

C. discover how human brain really works     D. separate cells from a cancer tumour

2. According to Neil Hunt, research into brain cells ______.

A. will get finished as early as possible        B. will make people discover dementia

C. will affect the brain growth in many ways

D. will help to treat some diseases in nerve system

3. From the last paragraph，we can know that ______

A. the technique provided by HRT is immature

B. animal tests are no longer allowed by law

C. a million people suffer from brain diseases

D. the research program lacks financial support

4. The text is intended to ______.

A. tell us about a breakthrough in medical research

B. introduce a research program in human's brain

C. introduce the progress of drugs for dementia

D. tell us about health problem in nerve system

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Scientists in the U.S. have created an artificial sunflower less than 0. 04 inches wide that can bend towards a light source and harvest solar energy. The flowers were found to be about 400 percent more efficient than other equipment, making them promising technology for solar power potentially even as a power source for solar-based spaceships.

The team, led by researchers from the University of California, Los Angeles, was looking to improve. the efficiency of solar cells by modeling after a feature of nature-phototropism. This is where a plant adjusts itself to face the sun, getting the most amount of energy it can get. In a study published in Nature Nanotechnology, the team said it was a ''big challenge''.

However, this problem has now been overcome. The team has developed a polymer(聚合物) that is responsive to being simulated by light, The system, which they have named SunBOT for short, is able to instantly explore and track a light source. It can do this across a range of temperatures without power supply or any human intervention.

The researchers used the polymer to create a ''stem''. Then they placed a material commonly used in solar cells on its top, representing the ''flower''. When the team shone a light at the SunBOTs, the polymer began heating up and shrinking, causing the stem to bend so the flower faced the light.

The researchers tested their artificial sunflowers to see how efficient they were at harvesting solar energy Findings showed they were up to 400 percent more effective than non-phototrophic materials.

The practical applications of SunBOTs are some way off. The study shows a proof of concept, but the technology will need to be scaled up to be used commercially. However, the team is confident it could one day be used a across a broad range of industries.

This work may be useful for solar harvesters signal revere smart windows, self-contained robotics solar sails for spaceships and intelligent energy generation (for example, solar cells and biofuels), the scientific team said.

1.Why do the scientists create the artificial sunflower?

A.To prevent pollution. B.To protect sunflowers.

C.To reuse green energy. D.To warn us of the energy crisis.

2.What can we learn about SunBOTs?

A.SunBOTs are likely to be too limited in future use.

B.There is some time before SunBOTs are put into markets.

C.Scientists are still not sure of the function of SunBOTs.

D.SunBOTts are not efficient, though advanced, in collecting energy.

3.Where can we read such a text?

A.In an education report. B.In a market report.

C.In an experiment report. D.In a science report.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析