The Lifecycle of a T-shirt
We all probably have a lot of T-shirts, but do you ever stop and think about the influence of a T-shirt on the planet? You’d probably be surprised to learn what's involved in the lifecycle of just one T-shirt.
There are 5 major stages: material, production, shipping, use and disposal. The material stage involves farming, irrigating, fertilizing, harvesting and ginning. While cotton is a natural fiber and not as harmful to the environment as manmade fibers, it still takes a toll in the material and production stages. Commercial cotton farming uses a large amount of water, and the use of pesticides (杀虫剂) is widespread across the globe, especially in cotton farming. Studies have shown that farmers spend around $4.1 billion on pesticides annually, of which 25% was spent on cotton crops in the US.
Once the cotton is grown and harvested, so begins the production stage: spinning, knitting, bleaching, dyeing, cutting, sewing, etc.——these processes also use a great deal of water and energy. Commercial dyes and bleaches are harmful pollutants and can eventually pollute groundwater.
After the T-shirt is produced, it enters the transportation stage. This often involves overseas shipping. Take a look in your closet. Chances are that most of your cotton garments (衣服) are made in China or India. Garments can be shipped via plane, ship or truck…, all of which spill CO2 into the atmosphere. Calculations show that CO2 emissions from light trucks alone amount to 1.15 pounds per mile.
Once the T-shirt reaches the retail market, it is purchased. This stage may seem like the least environmentally damaging part. But consider the number of times you’ve washed and dried your favorite T-shirt. Washing machines are certainly becoming more efficient. However, the average American household does 400 loads of laundry per year, using about 40 gallons of water per load. Such excessive water use is combined with the large amount of energy used by dryers.
The final stage of life is disposal. This releases harmful emissions, or involves a landfill where cotton takes years to break down. Current US records show that an estimated 15% of clothes and shoes are recycled, which means that consumers send a shocking 85% of these materials to landfills.
We all need new clothes every once in a while, but let’s all try to keep in mind what goes into the production of clothing... It has a real impact on the planet.
There are a lot of things you can do to help reduce your impact. Reuse and recycle clothes. If they’re too worn out to wear, cut them up and use them as cleaning rags. Donate them to charity or another organization that recycles textiles. When possible, make an effort to buy organic cotton. Turn down the thermostat on your washer, and line dry your clothes when the weather will allow it.
1.What can be inferred from this passage?
A. The production process may affect water safety.
B. The clothing cost is relatively low in China and India.
C. Cotton clothes are buried because they are hard to break down.
D. The use stage is the least environmentally harmful of the five stages.
2.We can learn from the passage that in the US, ________.
A. pesticides in cotton farming cost over 4 billion dollars every year
B. CO2 emissions of land transport amount to 1.15 pounds per mile
C. about 15% of the clothes and shoes are made of materials that are recycled
D. about 16, 000 gallons of water is used annually by an average family on laundry
3.The underlined phrase “takes a toll” probably means “________”
A. wastes water B. has a bad effect C. uses energy D. takes a lot of time
4.What is the purpose of this article?
A. To encourage people to donate clothes to charity.
B. To introduce the five stages in the lifecycle of clothing.
C. To persuade people to purchase more organic cotton.
D. To promote eco-friendly actions related to clothes.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
The Lifecycle of a T-shirt
We all probably have a lot of T-shirts, but do you ever stop and think about the influence of a T-shirt on the planet? You’d probably be surprised to learn what's involved in the lifecycle of just one T-shirt.
There are 5 major stages: material, production, shipping, use and disposal. The material stage involves farming, irrigating, fertilizing, harvesting and ginning. While cotton is a natural fiber and not as harmful to the environment as manmade fibers, it still takes a toll in the material and production stages. Commercial cotton farming uses a large amount of water, and the use of pesticides (杀虫剂) is widespread across the globe, especially in cotton farming. Studies have shown that farmers spend around $4.1 billion on pesticides annually, of which 25% was spent on cotton crops in the US.
Once the cotton is grown and harvested, so begins the production stage: spinning, knitting, bleaching, dyeing, cutting, sewing, etc.——these processes also use a great deal of water and energy. Commercial dyes and bleaches are harmful pollutants and can eventually pollute groundwater.
After the T-shirt is produced, it enters the transportation stage. This often involves overseas shipping. Take a look in your closet. Chances are that most of your cotton garments (衣服) are made in China or India. Garments can be shipped via plane, ship or truck…, all of which spill CO2 into the atmosphere. Calculations show that CO2 emissions from light trucks alone amount to 1.15 pounds per mile.
Once the T-shirt reaches the retail market, it is purchased. This stage may seem like the least environmentally damaging part. But consider the number of times you’ve washed and dried your favorite T-shirt. Washing machines are certainly becoming more efficient. However, the average American household does 400 loads of laundry per year, using about 40 gallons of water per load. Such excessive water use is combined with the large amount of energy used by dryers.
The final stage of life is disposal. This releases harmful emissions, or involves a landfill where cotton takes years to break down. Current US records show that an estimated 15% of clothes and shoes are recycled, which means that consumers send a shocking 85% of these materials to landfills.
We all need new clothes every once in a while, but let’s all try to keep in mind what goes into the production of clothing... It has a real impact on the planet.
There are a lot of things you can do to help reduce your impact. Reuse and recycle clothes. If they’re too worn out to wear, cut them up and use them as cleaning rags. Donate them to charity or another organization that recycles textiles. When possible, make an effort to buy organic cotton. Turn down the thermostat on your washer, and line dry your clothes when the weather will allow it.
1.What can be inferred from this passage?
A. The production process may affect water safety.
B. The clothing cost is relatively low in China and India.
C. Cotton clothes are buried because they are hard to break down.
D. The use stage is the least environmentally harmful of the five stages.
2.We can learn from the passage that in the US, ________.
A. pesticides in cotton farming cost over 4 billion dollars every year
B. CO2 emissions of land transport amount to 1.15 pounds per mile
C. about 15% of the clothes and shoes are made of materials that are recycled
D. about 16, 000 gallons of water is used annually by an average family on laundry
3.The underlined phrase “takes a toll” probably means “________”
A. wastes water B. has a bad effect C. uses energy D. takes a lot of time
4.What is the purpose of this article?
A. To encourage people to donate clothes to charity.
B. To introduce the five stages in the lifecycle of clothing.
C. To persuade people to purchase more organic cotton.
D. To promote eco-friendly actions related to clothes.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
If you live in America in the 21st century you'll probably have to listen to a lot of people tell you how busy they are. It's become the default response when you ask anyone how they are doing: “Busy!” “Crazy busy!”. It is, pretty obviously, a boast disguised as a complaint. And the common response is a kind of congratulation:“ That's a good problem to have, ”or“ Better than the opposite.”
Notice it isn't generally people pulling back-to-back shifts in the ICU or commuting by bus to three minimum-wage jobs who tell you how busy they are. What those people are is not busy but tired. Exhausted! Dead on their feet. It's almost always people whose busyness is purely self-imposed work and obligations they've taken on voluntarily, classes and activities they've “encouraged” their kids to participate in. They're busy because of their own ambition or drive or anxiety, because they're addicted to busyness and dread that they might have to face in its absence.
Almost everyone I know is busy. They feel anxious and guilty when they aren't either working or doing something to promote their work. It's something they have chosen. Busyness serves as a kind of existential reassurance(令人安心的保证），a measure against emptiness, obviously your life cannot possibly be silly or tiny or meaningless if you are so busy, completely booked, in demand every hour of the day.
Idleness is not just a vacation. It is as necessary to the brain as vitamin D is to the body, and deprived of it we suffer a mental affliction as ugly as rickets. The space and quiet that idleness provides is a necessary condition for standing back from life and seeing it whole, for making unexpected connections and waiting for the wild summer lightning strikes of inspiration.” Idle dreaming is often the essence of what we do”, wrote Thomas Pynchon. Archimedes' “Eureka” in the bath, Newton's apple :history is full of stories of inspirations that come in idle moments.
1.When many Americans say “Crazy busy”, they mean______.
A. they are really tired of their present situation
B. they are really proud of their present life
C. they are complaining about their current work
D. their life are full of all kinds of problems
2.The writer mentions Archimedes'“Eureka” and Newton's apple to show that________.
A. history is full of interesting stories
B. Archimedes and Newton were very busy, so they made great discoveries
C. people may get inspiration when they are idle
D. inspirations come from hard work
3.The word “its” in the second paragraph refers to_________________.
ambition B. anxiety C. busyness D. dread
4.From the article, we can infer that ___________________.
A. generally people pulling back-to-back shifts in the ICU tell you they are busy
B. “Dead on their feet” means “being tired out”
C. all the kids are self-imposed due to the drive and motivation
D. The author seems to agree that idleness is better than busyness
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
If you live in America in the 21st century you'll probably have to listen to a lot of people tell you how busy they are. It's become the default response when you ask anyone how they are doing:"Busy!""Crazy busy!".It is,pretty obviously,a boast disguised as a complaint. And the common response is a kind of congratulation:"That's a good problem to have,"or"Better than the opposite."
Notice it isn't generally people pulling back-to-back shifts in the ICU or commuting by bus to three minimum-wage jobs who tell you how busy they are.What those people are is not busy but tired.Exhausted!Dead on their feet.It's almost always people whose busyness is purely self-imposed:work and obligations they've taken on voluntarily,classes and activities they've "encouraged" their kids to participate in.They're busy because of their own ambition or drive or anxiety,because they're addicted to busyness and dread that they might have to face in its absence.
Almost everyone I know is busy. They feel anxious and guilty when they aren't either working or doing something to promote their work.It's something they have chosen.Busyness serves as a kind of existential reassurance(令人安心的保证），a measure against emptiness,obviously your life cannot possibly be silly or tiny or meaningless if you are so busy,completely booked,in demand every hour of the day.
Idleness is not just a vacation.It is as necessary to the brain as vitamin D is to the body,and deprived of it we suffer a mental affliction as ugly as rickets.The space and quiet that idleness provides is a necessary condition for standing back from life and seeing it whole,for making unexpected connections and waiting for the wild summer lightning strikes of inspiration."Idle dreaming is often the essence of what we do,"wrote Thomas Pynchon.Archimedes' "Eureka"in the bath, Newton's apple :history is full of stories of inspirations that come in idle moments.
1.When many Americans say"Crazy busy", they mean______.
A．they are really tired of their present situation
B．they are really proud of their present life
C．they are complaining about their current work
D．their life are full of all kinds of problems
2.The writer mentions Archimedes' "Eureka"and Newton's apple to show that________.
A．history is full of interesting stories
B．Archimedes and Newton were very busy, so they made great discoveries
C．people may get inspiration when they are idle
D．inspirations come from hard work
3.The word "its" in the second paragraph refers to_______________________________.
A．ambition B．anxiety C．busyness D．dread
4.From the article,we can infer that ___________________________________.
A．generally people pulling back-to-back shifts in the ICU tell you they are busy
B．"Dead on their feet" means "being tired out"
C．all the kids are self-imposed due to the drive and motivation
D．The author seems to agree that idleness is better than busyness
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Among the many dangers_-- sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.
A. which B. what
C. where D. when
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Speaking of all the projects they have completed in recent years, we think this is probably the_______ one.
A. well-known B. better-known C. best-known D. most-known
高三英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析
Among the many dangers_-- sailors have to face , probably the greatest of all is fog .
A. which B. what C. where D. when
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Among the many dangers_________-- sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.
A. which B. what C. where D. when
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
第一节：阅读表达
We all know eating out can be a lot of fun. There’s the experience of having someone wait on your every need，the social aspect of being in a restaurant with friends and，of course，the great benefit of the lack of in—home cleanup.
2We all also know eating out can be expensive，and I’m pretty sure college isn’t the most
financially successful time in a normal person’s life. That’s why eating at home for a majority of meals really is the only option for many college students.
Eating at home doesn’t have to be dull，boring，or difficult. —It can and should be an energetic，creative experience that transforms the way you look at food. When you cook for yourself, you know exactly how your pasta(意大利面)is going to turn out. You know where the greens in your salad come from. You know the olive oil you’re using really comes from olives that are pressed for the first time. Use eating at home as all opportunity to learn and develop your kitchen skills. I promise you they will remain useful and rewarding for the rest of your life.
Another important concept is to keep in mind that when it comes to shopping for food—less quantity, more quality. Buy base ingredients that are fresh，as local as possible and beautiful，and anything you cook will improve greatly. I promise you will be just as satisfied by eating a little bit less of something with a lot more quality.
I am not saying eating out is a bad thing. But I insist there are many more places that are not worth your cash. Put a little more effort into cooking for yourself at home and you will gain experience and appreciation for the world of food.
1.. List three benefits of eating out according to the text. (no more than 20 words)
①_______________ ②_______________ ③_____________
2.. Complete the following statement according to Paragraph 2. (no more than 4 words)
Many college students have to eat at home because of __________________.
3. What's Paragraph 3 mainly about?(no more than 7 words)
____________________________________________________________________
4.What advice is given concerning shopping for food in Paragraph 4?(no more than 4 words)
____________________________________________________________________
5.. What does the underlined word it in the third paragraph refer to?(no more than four words)
____________________________________________________________________
高三英语其他题中等难度题查看答案及解析
---We all had a lot of fun at the barbecue yesterday. Pity you weren’t there.
---I really should have gone with you, but I ________ on some remaining problems.
A．was working B．would work C．worked D．had worked
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
—We all had a lot of fun at the barbecue yesterday. Pity you
weren't there.
—I really should have gone with you but I________on some
remaining problems.
A．worked B．was working
C．would work D．would have worked
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析