Etymology, the study of words and word roots, may sound like the kind of thing done by boring librarians in small, dusty rooms.Yet etymologists actually have a uniquely interesting job.They are in many ways just like archaeologists (考古学家) digging up the physical history of people and events.The special aspect of etymology is that it digs up history, so to speak, through the words and phrases that are left behind.
The English language, in particular, is a great field to explore history through words. As a language, English has an extraordinary number of words.This is partly due to its ability to adapt foreign words so readily.For example, "English" words such as kindergarten (from German), croissant (from French), and cheetah (from Hindi) have become part of the language with little or no change from their original sounds and spellings. So English-language etymologists have a vast world of words to explore.
Another enjoyable thing about etymology for most word experts is solving word mysteries(谜).No, etymologists do not go around solving murders, like the great detective Sherlock Holmes.What these word experts solve are mysterious origins of some of our most common words
One of the biggest questions English language experts have pursued is how English came to have the phrase OK.Though it is one of the most commonly used expressions, its exact beginning is a puzzle even to this day.Even its spelling is not entirely consistent-unless you spell it Okay, it is hard even to call it a word.
Etymologists have been able to narrow OK’s origin down to a likely, although not certain, source(来源).It became widely used around the time of Martin Van Buren's run for president in 1840. His nickname was Old Kinderhook. What troubles word experts about this explanation is that the phrase appeared in some newspapers before Van Buren became well known.It is likely that Van Buren could be called its primary source Etymologists will doubtlessly keep searching for the initial source.However, it is clear that OK’s popularity and reputation have topped those of the American president to whom it has been most clearly linked.
1.The author mentions the words like "croissant" in Paragraph 2 to indicate________.
A.words have changed a lot in the two languages
B.what English-language etymologists are exploring now
C.English has absorbed many words from other foreign languages
D.the English vocabulary is difficult to the non-English-speaking people
2.The underlined word "pursued" in Paragraph 4 means___________.
A.looked upon B.dug up C.put in D.set down
3.We can learn from the passage that etymologists_______.
A.discover the possible origin of words
B.help detectives to solve mysterious murders
C.write interesting stories for some newspapers
D.explore the English language as well as the recent events
4.What is the main purpose of the passage?
A.To present the history of English words.
B.To explain the procedure of an etymologist's job.
C.To introduce the pleasure of the study of words and word roots.
D.To teach readers how to distinguish English and non-English words
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
Etymology, the study of words and word roots, may sound like the kind of thing done by boring librarians in small, dusty rooms.Yet etymologists actually have a uniquely interesting job.They are in many ways just like archaeologists (考古学家) digging up the physical history of people and events.The special aspect of etymology is that it digs up history, so to speak, through the words and phrases that are left behind.
The English language, in particular, is a great field to explore history through words. As a language, English has an extraordinary number of words.This is partly due to its ability to adapt foreign words so readily.For example, "English" words such as kindergarten (from German), croissant (from French), and cheetah (from Hindi) have become part of the language with little or no change from their original sounds and spellings. So English-language etymologists have a vast world of words to explore.
Another enjoyable thing about etymology for most word experts is solving word mysteries(谜).No, etymologists do not go around solving murders, like the great detective Sherlock Holmes.What these word experts solve are mysterious origins of some of our most common words
One of the biggest questions English language experts have pursued is how English came to have the phrase OK.Though it is one of the most commonly used expressions, its exact beginning is a puzzle even to this day.Even its spelling is not entirely consistent-unless you spell it Okay, it is hard even to call it a word.
Etymologists have been able to narrow OK’s origin down to a likely, although not certain, source(来源).It became widely used around the time of Martin Van Buren's run for president in 1840. His nickname was Old Kinderhook. What troubles word experts about this explanation is that the phrase appeared in some newspapers before Van Buren became well known.It is likely that Van Buren could be called its primary source Etymologists will doubtlessly keep searching for the initial source.However, it is clear that OK’s popularity and reputation have topped those of the American president to whom it has been most clearly linked.
1.The author mentions the words like "croissant" in Paragraph 2 to indicate________.
A.words have changed a lot in the two languages
B.what English-language etymologists are exploring now
C.English has absorbed many words from other foreign languages
D.the English vocabulary is difficult to the non-English-speaking people
2.The underlined word "pursued" in Paragraph 4 means___________.
A.looked upon B.dug up C.put in D.set down
3.We can learn from the passage that etymologists_______.
A.discover the possible origin of words
B.help detectives to solve mysterious murders
C.write interesting stories for some newspapers
D.explore the English language as well as the recent events
4.What is the main purpose of the passage?
A.To present the history of English words.
B.To explain the procedure of an etymologist's job.
C.To introduce the pleasure of the study of words and word roots.
D.To teach readers how to distinguish English and non-English words
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Etymology, the study of words and word roots, may sound like the kind of thing done by boring librarians in small, dusty rooms. Yet etymologists actually have a uniquely interesting job. They are in many ways just like archaeologists (考古学家) digging up the physical history of people and events. The special aspect of etymology is that it digs up history, so to speak, through the words and phrases that are left behind.
The English language, in particular, is a great field to explore history through words As a language, English has an extraordinary number of words. This is partly due to its ability to adapt foreign words so readily. For example, "English" words such as kindergarten(from German), croissant(from French), and cheetah(from Hindi) have become part of the language with little or no change from their original sounds and spellings. So English-language etymologists have a vast world of words to explore.
Another enjoyable thing about etymology for most word experts is solving word mysteries. No, etymologists do not go around solving murders, like the great detective Sherlock Holmes. What these word experts solve are mysterious origins of some of our most common words.
One of the biggest questions English language experts have pursued is how English came to have the phrase OK. Though it is one of the most commonly used expressions, its exact beginning is a puzzle even to this day. Even its spelling is not entirely consistent-unless you spell it Okay, it is hard even to call it a word.
Etymologists have been able to narrow OK’s origin down to a likely, although not certain, source. It became widely used around the time of Martin Van Buren's run for president in 1840. His nickname was Old Kinderhook. What troubles word experts about this explanation is that the phrase appeared in some newspapers before Van Buren became well known. It is likely that Van Buren could be called its primary source. Etymologists will doubtlessly keep searching for the initial source. However, it is clear that OK’s popularity and reputation have topped those of the American president to whom it has been most clearly linked.
1.The author mentions the words like "croissant" in Paragraph 2 to indicate?
A. words have changed a lot in the two languages
B. what English-language etymologists are exploring now
C. English has absorbed many words from other foreign languages
D. the English vocabulary is difficult to the non-English-speaking people
2.The underlined word "pursued" in Paragraph 4 means ?
A. looked upon B. dug up
C. put in D. set down
3.We can learn from the passage that etymologists
A. discover the possible origin of words
B. help detectives to solve mysterious murders
C. write interesting stories for some newspapers
D. explore the English language as well as the recent events
4.What is the main purpose of the passage ?
A. To present the history of English words
B. To explain the procedure of an etymologist's job
C. To introduce the pleasure of the study of words and word roots.
D. To teach readers how to distinguish English and non-English words
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Etymology, the study of words and word roots, may sound like the kind of thing done by boring librarians in small, dusty rooms. Yet etymologists actually have a uniquely interesting job. They are in many ways just like archaeologists (考古学家) digging up the physical history of people and events. The special aspect of etymology is that it digs up history, so to speak, through the words and phrases that are left behind.
The English language, in particular, is a great field to explore history through words As a language, English has an extraordinary number of words. This is partly due to its ability to adapt foreign words so readily. For example, " English" words such as kindergarten (from German), croissant (from French), and cheetah (from Hindi) have become part of the language with little or no change from their original sounds and spellings. So English-language etymologists have a vast world of words to explore.
Another enjoyable thing about etymology for most word experts is solving word mysteries(谜). No, etymologists do not go around solving murders, like the great detective Sherlock Holmes. What these word experts solve are mysterious origins of some of our most common words
One of the biggest questions English language experts have pursued is how English came to have the phrase OK. Though it is one of the most commonly used expressions, its exact beginning is a puzzle even to this day. Even its spelling is not entirely consistent-unless you spell it Okay, it is hard even to call it a word.
Etymologists have been able to narrow OK’s origin down to a likely, although not certain, source(来源). It became widely used around the time of Martin Van Buren's run for president in 1840. His nickname was Old Kinderhook. What troubles word experts about this explanation is that the phrase appeared in some newspapers before Van Buren became well known. It is likely that Van Buren could be called its primary source Etymologists will doubtlessly keep searching for the initial source. However, it is clear that OK’s popularity and reputation have topped those of the American president to whom it has been most clearly linked.
1.The author mentions the words like "croissant" in Paragraph 2 to indicate .
A. words have changed a lot in the two languages
B. what English-language etymologists are exploring now
C. English has absorbed many words from other foreign languages
D. the English vocabulary is difficult to the non-English-speaking people
2.The underlined word "pursued" in Paragraph 4 means .
A. looked upon B. dug up
C. put in D. set down
3.We can learn from the passage that etymologists .
A. discover the possible origin of words
B. help detectives to solve mysterious murders
C. write interesting stories for some newspapers
D. explore the English language as well as the recent events
4.What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To present the history of English words
B. To explain the procedure of an etymologist's job
C. To introduce the pleasure of the study of words and word roots.
D. To teach readers how to distinguish English and non-English words
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Archaeology, like many academic words, comes from Greek and means, more or less, “the study of old things”. So, it is really a part of the study of history. However, most historians use paper evidence, such as letters, paintings and photographs, but archaeologists learn from the objects left behind by the humans of long ago. Normally, these are the hard materials that don't break down or disappear very quickly—things like human bones and objects made from stone and metal.
It is very unusual to find anything more than the hard evidence of history—normally, the bacteria in the air eat away at soft materials, like bodies, clothes and things made of wood. Occasionally, things are different.
In 1984, two men made an amazing discovery while working in a bog called Lindow Moss, in the north of England. A bog is a very wet area of earth, with a lot of plants growing in it. It can be like a very big and very thick vegetable soup—walk in the wrong place and you can sink and disappear forever. The men were working when one of them saw something sticking out—a human foot! Naturally, the men called the police, who then found the rest of the body. Was it a case of murder? Possibly—but it was a death nearly two thousand years old. The two men had found a body from the time of the Roman invasion of Britain. Despite being so old, this body had skin, muscles, hair and internal organs—the scientists who examined him were able to look inside the man's stomach and find the food that he had eaten for his last meal!
Why was this man so well preserved? It was because he was in a very watery environment, safe from the bacteria that need oxygen to live. Also, the water in the bog was very acidic. The acid preserved the man's skin in the way that animal skin is preserved for leather coats and shoes.
How did he die? Understandably, archaeologists and other scientists wanted to know more about the person that they called “Lindow Man”. His hands and fingernails suggested that he hadn't done heavy manual work in his life—he could have been a rich man. They found that he hadn't died by accident. The archaeologists believe that he was sacrificed to three different gods.
1.The underlined word “these” in the first paragraph refers to ________.
A.letters B.photographs
C.paintings D.objects
2.Which of the following helped to preserve “Lindow Man”?
A.Ice and low temperature
B.Acid and water
C.Soil and energy
D.Bacteria and oxygen
3.According to the passage, which of the following statements is right?
A.“Lindow Man” was named after the person who first found him.
B.Historians usually use paper evidence, while archaeologists use hard evidence.
C.“Lindow Man” was found by two archaeologists in the south of England.
D.“Lindow Man” was good at work by hand.
4.Which is the best title for the passage?
A.An Amazing Archaeological Discovery
B.Archaeology and History
C.What Is Archaeology?
D.The Death of “Lindow Man”
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Money is the root of all evil and new study claims there may be some truth behind the saying. Scientists at the University of California. Berkeley, US,announced on February 27 that rich people are more likely to do unethical (不道德的)things, such as lie or cheat,than poorer people.
The scientists did a series of eight experiments. They published their findings online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS,《美国国家科学院院刊》).
They carried out the first two experiments from the sidewalk near Berkeley. They noted that drivers of newer and more expensive cars were more likely to cut off other cars and pedestrians at crosswalks. Nearly 45 percent of people driving expensive cars ignored a pedestrian compared with only 30 percent of people driving more modest (不豪华的)cars.
In another experiment,a group of college students was asked if they would do unethical things in various everyday situations. Examples included taking printer paper from work and not telling a salesperson when he or she gave back more change. Students from higher-class families were more likely to act dishonestly.
According to the scientists,rich people often think money can get them out of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take risks. It also means they care less about other people’s feelings.
Finally,it simply makes them greedier. “Higher wealth status seems to make you want even more,and that increased want leads you to bend the rules or break the rules to serve your self-interest,’’said Paul Piif, lead scientist of the study.
Piff pointed out that the findings don’t mean that all rich people are untrustworthy(不能信赖的)or all poor people honest. He said the experiments were to show how people living in different social situations express their instincts and values in different ways.
1.By saying “money is the root of all evil”,the author wants to___________.
A. draw readers’ attention to the research
B. link wealth with bad behavior
C. show how the saying proves the findings
D. defend rich people who do unethical things
2.Which of the following is TRUE about the experiments the scientists did,according to the scientist quoted?
A. Most wealthy people are not trustworthy.
B. The findings were not persuasive enough and the scientists will do further experiments.
C. Drivers of more expensive cars are more likely to break traffic rules.
D. Students from poorer families are not as honest as students from richer families.
3.Why did the scientists do the experiments?
A. To show how social status affects people's ethics.
B. To show people’s instincts and values in different ways.
C. To test whether the saying “money is the root of all evil” is true.
D. To show the difference between higher-class people and lower-class people.
4.What does the article really want to show us?
A. Money is the root of all evil.
B. The rich are more likely to act badly.
C. The saying is reasonable.
D. All rich people are untrustworthy.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Money is the root of all evil and new study claims there may be some truth behind the saying.Scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, US,announced on February 27 that rich people are more likely to do unethical (不道德的) things, such as lie or cheat, than poorer people.
The scientists did a series of eight experiments. They published their findings online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS,《美国国家科学院院刊》).
They carried out the first two experiments from the sidewalk near Berkeley. They noted that drivers of newer and more expensive cars were more likely to cut in on other cars and pedestrians at crosswalks. Nearly 45 percent of people driving expensive cars ignored a pedestrian compared with only 30 percent of people driving more modest cars.
In another experiment, a group of college students was asked if they would do unethical things in various everyday situations. Examples included taking printer paper from work and not telling a salesperson when he or she gave back more change. Students from higher-class families were more likely to act dishonestly.
According to the scientists, rich people often think money can get them out of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take risks. It also means they care less about other people’s feelings.
Finally,it simply makes them greedier.“Higher wealth status seems to make you want even more,and that increased want leads you to bend the rules or break the rules to serve your self-interest,” said Paul Piff, leading scientist of the study.
Piff pointed out that the findings don’t mean that all rich people are untrustworthy or that all poor people are honest. He said the experiments were to show how people living in different social situations express their instincts and values in different ways.
1.By saying “money is the root of all evil”,the author wants to ____________.
A.draw readers’ attention to the research
B.1ink wealth with bad behavior
C.show how the saying proves the findings
D.defend rich people who do unethical things
2.What makes rich people unethical according to the scientists?
a.they become more selfish b.they have more desires
c.they believe money talks d.they welcome risks
A.a、b B.a、b、d
C.b、c D.a、b、c
3.Why did the scientists do the experiments?
A. To show how social status affects people's ethics.
B. To show people’s instincts and values in different ways.
C. To test whether the saying “money is the root of all evil” is true.
D. To show the difference between higher-class people and lower-class people.
4.What does the article really want to show us?
A.Money is the root of all evil.
B.The rich are more likely to act badly.
C.The saying is unreasonable.
D.All rich people are untrustworthy.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Money is the root of all evil (邪恶) and new study claims there may be some truth behind the saying. Scientists at the University of California Berkeley, US, announced on February 27 that rich people are more likely to do immoral things, such as lie or cheat, than poorer people. The scientists did a series of eight experiments. They published their findings online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNA《美国国家科学院院刊》).
They carried out the first two experiments from the sidewalk near Berkeley. They noted that drivers of newer and more expensive cars were more likely to cut off other cars and pedestrians at crosswalks. Nearly 45 percent of people driving expensive cars ignored a pedestrian compared with only 30 percent of people driving more modest cars.
In another experiment, a group of college students was asked if they would do immoral things in various everyday situations. Examples included taking printer paper from work and not telling a salesperson when he or she gave back more change. Students from higher-class families were more likely to act dishonestly.
According to the scientists, rich people often think money can get them out of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take risks. It also means they care less about other people's feelings.
Finally, it just makes them greedier. "Higher wealth status seems to make you want even more, and that increased want leads you to bend the rules or break the rules to serve your self-interest," said Paul Piff, lead scientist of the study.
Piff pointed out that the findings don't mean that all rich people are untrustworthy or all poor people honest. He said the experiments were to show how people living in different social situations express their instincts (本能) and values in different ways.
1.By saying "money is the root of all evil", the author wants to ________.
A. link wealth with bad behavior
B. draw readers' attention to the research
C. show how the saying proves the findings
D. defend rich people who do immoral things
2.According to the scientists, which is NOT the factor that makes rich people immoral?
A. They welcome risks.
B. They have more desires.
C. They believe money talks.
D. They become more selfish.
3.Why did the scientists do the experiments?
A. To show how social status affects people's morality.
B. To show people's instincts and values in different ways.
C. To test whether the saying "money is the root of all evil" is true.
D. To show the difference between higher-class people and lower-class people.
4.What does the passage really want to show us?
A. The poor are respectable.
B. Money is the root of all evil.
C. All rich people are untrustworthy.
D. The rich are more likely to act badly.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Squirrels often communicate with whistles, chirps and chucks, which sound like the word “chuck”. Whistles and chirps are like the sounds that many birds make. Now scientists have translated some of their squirrel-speak.
Hare, a professor of zoology at the University of Maniloha in Winnipeg, and his team managed to record squirrels' alarm calls. The researchers studied the sounds and then played them back to 60 wild squirrels, which the scientists approached individually with a video recorder to capture(抓拍)their responses. Some squirrels lifted their heads up and became alert(警惕的). Creatures that were more frightened simply ran for their lives and dived into caves.
"In effect then, whistles that mix with chucks say 'there's an enemy of average threat that's here', and whistles without chucks say 'there's an enemy of seemingly average threat around here somewhere', while pure chirps say, 'I'm hiding here because there's an immediate danger. ' " Hare told. Discovery News.
Hare and some other researchers believe such sounds are part of an advanced language that develops just as all other communication systems.
Although squirrels risk their lives when they call out to warn others of threats, other squirrels might admire this behavior, thus increasing the caller’s social status, like humans who look up to heroes. Hare added that other animals, such as birds, probably understand at least some squirrel language, since they also may benefit from the alarm calls.
In fact, another Canadian study found that deep-voiced, black-capped chickadees have their own language too. According to certain research, there are a lot of tidings in chickadees' calls, such as directing fellows' activities, keeping in contact between mates, and raising alarms.
While chickadees and other birds are often welcomed into gardens by homeowners, squirrels are frequently viewed as pests(害兽). Hare wishes a greater understanding of the complex social lives and communication systems of squirrels will provide “hope that humans will gain a greater appreciation and stop doing harm to these animals”.
1.The text mainly talks about _______ .
A. the ways for squirrels to escape from their enemies
B. the comparison between squirrels and chickadees
C. the calling for the protection of squirrels
D. the study on the language of squirrels
2.If a squirrel is in a very dangerous situation, it would probably make ____.
A. whistles with chucks B. pure chirps
C. whistles without chucks D. repeated chucks
3.The underlined word “tidings” in paragraph 6 probably means ____.
A. difficulties B. noises
C. messages D. languages
4.What can be learned from this text?
A. Squirrels communicate with each other as humans do.
B. Some squirrels understand the recorded alarm calls.
C. Other animals also well understand the language of squirrels.
D. Birds such as chickadees don’t have their own language.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Squirrels often communicate with whistles, chirps and chucks, which sound like the word “chuck”. Whistles and chirps are like the sounds that many birds make.Now scientists have translated some of their squirrel-speak.
Hare, a professor of zoology at the University of Maniloha in Winnipeg, and his team managed to record squirrels' alarm calls.The researchers studied the sounds and then played them back to 60 wild squirrels, which the scientists approached individually with a video recorder to capture(抓拍)their reponses.Some squirrels lifted their heads up and became.Alert(警惕的).Creatures that were more frightened simply ran for their lives and dived into caves.
"In effect then, whistles that mix with chucks say 'there's an enemy of average threat that's here', and whistles without chucks say 'there's an enemy of seemingly average threat around here somewhere', while pure chirps say, 'I'm hiding here because there's an immediate danger.' " Hare told.Discovery News.
Hare and some other researchers believe such sounds arc part of an advanced language that develops just as all other communication systems.
Although squirrels risk their lives when they call out to warn others of threats, other squirrels might admire this behaviour, thus increasingly the caller’s social status, like humans who look up to heroes. Hare added that other animals, such as birds, probably understand at least some squirrel language, since they also may benefit from the alarm calls.
In fact, another Canadian study found that deep-voiced, black-capped chickadees have their own language too.According to certain research, there are a lot of tidings in chickadees' calls, such as directing fellows' activities, keeping in contact between mates, and raising alarms.
While chickadees and other birds are often welcomed into gardens by homeowners, squirrels are frequently viewed as pests(害兽). Hare wishes a greater understanding of the complex social lives and communication systems of squirrels will provide “hope that humans will gain a greater appreciation and stop doing harm to these animals”.
1.The text mainly talks about
A.the study on the language of squirrels
B.the comparison between squirrels and chickadees
C.the calling for the protection of squirrels
D.the ways for squirrels to escape from their enemies
2.If a squirrel is in a very dangerous situation, it would probably make ____.
A.whistles with chucks B.pure chirps
C.whistles without chucks D.repeated chucks
3.The underlined word “tidings” in pardgmph 6 probably means ____.
A.difficulties B.poises C.messages D.languages
4.What can be learned from this text?
A.Squirrels communicate with cach other as humans do.
B.Some squirrels understand the recorded alarm calls.
C.Other animals also well understand the language of squirrels.
D.Birds such as chickadees don’t have their own language.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
语法填空
When people hear the word ''rat'', they may think of dirty animals that spread disease. And if you are an English learner, you may also connect the word ''rat'' with bad 1. (express). For example, calling someone a ''rat'' is 2. big insult and ''rat race'' describes a joyless, hurried way of living. So rats 3. (general) are not beloved animals either in life or the English language. But the rat trainers at the nonprofit organization, APOPO, see the animals very differently.
Based on Tanzania, APOPO trains giant rats 4. (find) landmines. Humans 5. (use) metal-searching devices to do this work for years. But rats--- it turns out--- do it better. And they also cost 6. (little) money. APOPO estimates that worldwide there are 110 million 7. (hide) explosives (爆炸物) left over from wars. These explosives are still ''live'', or able to explode. The work that APOPO does is really important in spreading the fact 8. rats are not just a pest. They really are 9. (hero) and they show us every day that they are worthy 10. that name.
高三英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析