China became the first country to clone a monkey using non-reproductive(非生殖的)cells, reducing the need to breed lab monkeys and paving the way for more accurate, effective and affordable animal tests for new drugs, scientists said on Thursday .
By December, the Institute of Neuroscience of the Chinese Academy of Sciences had created two clone macaques(猕猴) named “Zhong Zhong” and “Hua Hua” by nuclear transferring of somatic cells(体细胞) - any cell in the organism other than reproductive cells.
Tetra, a monkey born in 1999, is the world’s first cloned monkey, but it was done by using a simpler method called embryo splitting(胚胎分割), and cannot be genetically changed to suit the experimental need. Cloning a monkey using somatic cells has been a world-class challenge because it is a primate(灵长类) that shares its genetic makeup, and therefore all of its complexity, with humans.
For drug and other lab tests, scientists have to purchase monkeys from all over the world, which is costly and bad for the environment, and produces inaccurate results because each monkey might have different genes. By cloning monkey using somatic cells, we can massively cultivate large numbers of genetically identical offspring (后代)in a short amount of time, and we can even change their genes to suit our needs. This can save time, cut down experiment costs, and produce more accurate results, leading to more effective medicine.
Sun Qiang, director of the non-human primate research facility at the institute, said most of the drug trials are currently done on lab mice. However, drugs that work on mice might not work or even have severe side effects on humans because the two species are so different.
“Monkeys and humans are both primates, so they are much closely related and testing on monkeys is supposed to be as effective as testing on humans,” he said. “This is especially useful in testing drugs for neural (神经的) diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, metabolic syndrome (代谢综合症) and immune system diseases, and tumors,” he added.
“This achievement will help China lead the world research in the international science projects related to neural mapping of primate brains,” he said. “However, bio-labs from the United States, Japan, and European countries are also very capable, and they will quickly catch up with China after the monkey cloning technology is made public,” Sun added.
“This means we have to innovate continuously and work extra hard this year to stay ahead.” he said.
1.Which of the following is the most important factor in cloning macaques named “Zhong Zhong” and “Hua Hua”?
A. Reproductive cells. B. Genetic makeup. C. Embryo splitting. D. Somatic cells.
2.Why is cloning monkeys so difficult?
A. Because it is bad for our environment.
B. Because each monkey might have different genes.
C. Because monkeys’ genetic makeup is as complicated as humans.
D. Because it is too expensive to work on their genetic makeup.
3.What is the main idea of Paragraph 6?
A. The cure for neural diseases.
B. The process of cloning monkeys.
C. The significance of cloning monkeys.
D. The close relations between monkeys and humans.
4.What can we infer from this passage?
A. More effective medicine will be produced.
B. Drug trials on lab mice will be abandoned.
C. China is the first country to have cloned monkeys.
D. China will stay ahead of the world in cloning.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
China became the first country to clone a monkey using non-reproductive cells, reducing the need to breed lab monkeys and paving the way for more accurate, effective and affordable animal tests for new drugs, scientists said on Thursday .
By December, the Institute of Neuroscience of the Chinese Academy of Sciences had created two clone macaques(猕猴) named”Zhong Zhong” and “Hua Hua” by nuclear transferring of somatic cells(体细胞)-any cell in the organism other than reproductive cells.
Tetra, a monkey born in 1999, is the world's first cloned monkey, but it was done by using a simpler method called embryo splitting(胚胎分割); but it could only generate four cloned offspring at a time and cannot be genetically changed to suit the experimental need.
Cloning a monkey using somatic cells has been a world-class challenge because it is a primate(灵长类) that shares its genetic makeup, and therefore all of its complexity, with humans.
For drug and other lab tests, scientists have to purchase monkeys from all over the world, which is costly and bad for the environment, and produces inaccurate results because each monkey might have different genes.
By cloning monkey using somatic cells, we can massively cultivate large numbers of genetically identical offspring in a short amount of time, and we can even change their genes to suit our needs. This can save time, cut down experiment costs, and produce more accurate results, leading to more effective medicine.
Sun Qiang, director of the non-human primate research facility at the institute, said most of the drug trials are currently done on lab mice. However, drugs that work on mice might not work or even have severe side effects on humans because the two species are so different
“Monkeys and humans are both primates, so they are much closely related and testing on monkeys is supposed to be as effective as testing on humans,”he said. This is especially useful in testing drugs for neural(神经的) diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, metabolic syndrome(代谢综合症) and immune system diseases, and tumors, he added.
“This achievement will help China lead the world research in the international science projects related to neural mapping of primate brains, "he said. "However, bio labs from the United States, Japan, and European countries are also very capable, and they will quickly catch up with China after the monkey cloning technology is made public, "Sun added.
“This means we have to innovate continuously and work extra hard this year to stay ahead," he said.
1.Which of the following is the most important factor in cloning macaques named "Zhong Zhong" and "Hua Hua"?
A. Reproductive cells. B. Somatic cells
C. Neural mapping. D. Genetic makeup
2.Why is cloning monkeys so difficult?
A. Because it is bad for our environment.
B. Because each monkey might have different genes.
C. Because monkeys' genetic makeup is as complicated as humans.
D. Because it is too expensive to work on their genetic makeup.
3.What is the main idea of Paragraph 8?
A. The cure for neural diseases.
B. The process of cloning monkeys.
C. The significance of cloning monkeys.
D. The close relations between monkeys and humans.
4.What can we infer from this passage?
A. More effective medicine will be produced.
B. Drug trials on lab mice will be abandoned.
C. China is the first country to have cloned monkeys.
D. China will stay ahead of the world in cloning.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
China became the first country to clone a monkey using non-reproductive(非生殖的)cells, reducing the need to breed lab monkeys and paving the way for more accurate, effective and affordable animal tests for new drugs, scientists said on Thursday .
By December, the Institute of Neuroscience of the Chinese Academy of Sciences had created two clone macaques(猕猴) named “Zhong Zhong” and “Hua Hua” by nuclear transferring of somatic cells(体细胞) - any cell in the organism other than reproductive cells.
Tetra, a monkey born in 1999, is the world’s first cloned monkey, but it was done by using a simpler method called embryo splitting(胚胎分割), and cannot be genetically changed to suit the experimental need. Cloning a monkey using somatic cells has been a world-class challenge because it is a primate(灵长类) that shares its genetic makeup, and therefore all of its complexity, with humans.
For drug and other lab tests, scientists have to purchase monkeys from all over the world, which is costly and bad for the environment, and produces inaccurate results because each monkey might have different genes. By cloning monkey using somatic cells, we can massively cultivate large numbers of genetically identical offspring (后代)in a short amount of time, and we can even change their genes to suit our needs. This can save time, cut down experiment costs, and produce more accurate results, leading to more effective medicine.
Sun Qiang, director of the non-human primate research facility at the institute, said most of the drug trials are currently done on lab mice. However, drugs that work on mice might not work or even have severe side effects on humans because the two species are so different.
“Monkeys and humans are both primates, so they are much closely related and testing on monkeys is supposed to be as effective as testing on humans,” he said. “This is especially useful in testing drugs for neural (神经的) diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, metabolic syndrome (代谢综合症) and immune system diseases, and tumors,” he added.
“This achievement will help China lead the world research in the international science projects related to neural mapping of primate brains,” he said. “However, bio-labs from the United States, Japan, and European countries are also very capable, and they will quickly catch up with China after the monkey cloning technology is made public,” Sun added.
“This means we have to innovate continuously and work extra hard this year to stay ahead.” he said.
1.Which of the following is the most important factor in cloning macaques named “Zhong Zhong” and “Hua Hua”?
A. Reproductive cells. B. Genetic makeup. C. Embryo splitting. D. Somatic cells.
2.Why is cloning monkeys so difficult?
A. Because it is bad for our environment.
B. Because each monkey might have different genes.
C. Because monkeys’ genetic makeup is as complicated as humans.
D. Because it is too expensive to work on their genetic makeup.
3.What is the main idea of Paragraph 6?
A. The cure for neural diseases.
B. The process of cloning monkeys.
C. The significance of cloning monkeys.
D. The close relations between monkeys and humans.
4.What can we infer from this passage?
A. More effective medicine will be produced.
B. Drug trials on lab mice will be abandoned.
C. China is the first country to have cloned monkeys.
D. China will stay ahead of the world in cloning.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
China became the first country to clone a monkey using non-reproductive cells, scientists said on Thursday. By December 2017 , the Chinese Academy of Sciences had created two clone macaques(猕猴) named“Zhong Zhong” and “Hua Hua”by nuclear transferring of body cells—any cell in the organism other than reproductive cells. This was the similar technology used to create the famous clone sheep Dolly in 1996.
Telra, a monkey born in 1999 , is the world’s first ever-cloned monkey, but it was done using a simpler method called embryo splitting(胚胎分裂)，and cannot be genetically modified to suit experimental needs, said Pu Muming, a leading researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Cloning a monkey using body cells has been a world-class challenge because it is a primate(灵长类)that shares its genetic makeup, therefore all of its complexity, with humans, he said.
For drug and other lab tests, scientists have to purchase monkeys from all over the world, which is costly, bad for the environment and produces inaccurate results because each monkey might have different genes, Pu said.
By cloning monkey using body cells, we can mass reproduce a large number of genetically identical monkeys in a short amount of time, and we can even change their genes to suit our needs, he added. “This can save time, cut down experiment costs, and produce more accurate results, leading to more effective medicine.”
Sun Qiang, director of the non-human primate research facility at the institute, said most of the drug trials are currently done on lab mice. However, drugs that work on mice might not work or even have severe side effects on humans because the two species are so different.
Monkeys and humans are both primates, so they are much closely related and testing on monkeys is supposed to be as effective as testing on humans. This achievement will help China lead the world research in an international science project related to study of primate brains.
1.Which description of the two clone macaques is true?
A. They were the first monkeys ever-cloned in the world.
B. They were created using reproductive cells.
C. They would be fed to suit experimental needs.
D. The technology used to create them was similar to that of creating Dolly.
2.The underlined word in the fourth paragraph is closest to “ ”in meaning.
A. same
B. similar
C. relevant
D. close
3.What can be learned from the passage?
A. Pu Muming and Sun Qiang were doing most work in cloning the two macaques.
B. Genetic research on monkeys can be seen as effective as that on humans.
C. Most drug trials have been done on mice because mice share the same genetic makeup and complexity with humans.
D. Scientists can mass reproduce cloned monkeys to cut down experiment costs.
4.This passage above can be most probably read in
A. a science magazine
B. a guidebook
C. a science fiction
D. a brochure
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
On January 13, 2016, France became the first country in the world to pass a law requiring supermarkets to donate food that is approaching its expiration date (保质期) instead of throwing it away. The regulation that applies to supermarkets over 4,000 square feet requires stores to sign official donation agreements with local food banks.
The law also makes it illegal for stores to pour water over nearly-expired food, or store it inside locked warehouses until it is picked up by the garbage trucks. These measures are often undertaken by supermarkets to prevent the hungry from searching for food through the dustbins.
Though that may appear cruel, the stores claim they do it to avoid potential food poisoning that could occur if the product is on its way past its expiry. Those who do not obey the new law face the risk of heavy fines.
Also, excess goods like yogurt or milk that are likely to go bad quickly are now allowed to be donated directly to the food banks. Though this has always been possible, the current process is long and complex, making it difficult for producers to give away the food in a timely manner.
France’s food banks are of course thrilled about the possibility of receiving extra food. Jacques Bailet, who heads a network of French food banks called the Banques Alimentaires, says that of the 110,000 tons of goods received annually, only 36,000 tons comes from supermarkets. Bailet estimates (估计) that just a 15% increase in supermarket donations would translate to over 10 million additional meals to feed the hungry each year.
Though this is a great first step, Arash Dermabarsh, the activist responsible for the grassroots movement that led to the ban, is not done. He now wants to extend the law to other places like restaurants and also try to convince other countries in the European Union to pass similar regulations. These steps are necessary because of the over 9 million tons of food wasted in France; an astonishing 67% is thrown away by consumers, with supermarkets and restaurants making up the rest.
1.What should stores do with nearly-expired food?
A. Throw it away. B. Send it to the hungry.
C. Store it in refrigerators. D. Give it away to food banks.
2.What does the underlined word “excess” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Extra. B. Cheap.
C. Seasonal. D. Returned.
3.What might Bailet agree with about the French food banks?
A. They have a lot of expired food.
B. They will get much benefit from the law.
C. Their food is enough for the people in need.
D. Their food mainly comes from supermarkets.
4.What does Dermabarsh plan to do?
A. Build more food banks in France.
B. Make the law take effect in more places.
C. Organize a campaign to promote this law.
D. Raise consumers awareness of waste reduction.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
On Dec 22, China became the third country in the world after Japan and the US to have a carbon dioxide（CO2）monitoring satellite.
Named Tansat, as "tan" is the Chinese word for carbon, the satellite moves around Earth at about 700 kilometers above the ground. There, it can “see” clearly how much CO2 there is in the air and how it is moving.
How is TanSat able to do that？When sunlight travels through the air, the CO2 molecules（分子）take in different colors from the light. The satellite then looks at these colors to find out how much CO2 there is in the air.
“The TanSat has very good vision（视力）, and it can tell changes in CO2 as small as 1 percent, ” said Yin Zeng shan, one of the satellite's designers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, according to Xinhua News Agency.
But there is a question. When CO2 can already be measured from ground stations, why do we need a satellite that does the same thing？
The truth is that they don't do exactly the same thing. According to Zhang Peng, vice director of the National Satellite Meteorological Center, the data from ground stations is limited and it does not cover the ocean area, which takes up more than 70 petcent of Earth's surface.
But TanSat has solved the problem. It has a bird's eye view of the Earth, covering both the land and the ocean. It can also change its mode（模式）and position when looking at the ocean area because the water can reflect light. This light may change the data if its normal mode is used.
More importantly, China is now working on its goal of producing less CO, , starting from 2030 or earlier. To meet that goal, it will need to keep track of every bit of progress that it's making.
And with TauSat, China will have first-hand, detailed data of CO2 emissions in different areas, provinces and parts of the ocean, no longer having to use data from Japan and the US.
1.Which of the following about TanSat is TRUE？
A.It collects the CO2 in different areas above the ground.
B.It gets CO2 data by studying the colors of air.
C.It has been developed with the help of Japan and the US.
D.It has different modes to suit different weather conditions.
2.By reporting that the TanSat has very good "vision", the article shows that_______________.
A.the satellite uses many different kinds of cameras.
B.the satellite is very sensitive.
C.the satellite can capture every change in CO2.
D.the satellite can reflect light at 700 kilometers above the ground.
3.What can be concluded from the last paragraph?
A.TanSat is specially designed to reduce China's CO2 emissions.
B.China did not have any detailed data of CO2 emissions before.
C.TanSat will play a key role in helping to reduce China's CO2 emissions.
D.China is going to share its data of CO2 emissions with other countries.
4.What could be the best title for the passage?
A.Making great achievements B.Cutting CO2 emissions
C.Monitoring the ocean D.Checking more carbon
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
________ an astronaut into space in 2003, China became the third country to send a woman into space in June, 2012.
A．Having first put B．To have first put
C．First putting D．Being first put
高三英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析
China is one of the first countries to breed a medical culture. In comparison with Western methods, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) adopts a vastly different approach. For thousands of years, Chinese people have accumulated rich experience in fighting all sorts of diseases, therefore forming a unique medical theory under the guidance of ancient Chinese philosophies.
The core behind TCM is that the human body's life is the consequence of the balance between Yin and Yang. Yang functions to safeguard us against outer harm, and Yin is the inner base to store and provide energy. When the balance between the two aspects is disturbed, people fall ill.
One of the traditional techniques of TCM, acupuncture (针刺疗法) means insertion of needles into superficial structures of the body - usually at acupoints (穴位) - to restore the Yin-Yang balance. It is often accompanied by moxibustion (艾灸疗法), which involves burning mugwort on or near the skin at an acupoint.
The first known text that clearly talks about something like acupuncture and moxibustion as it is practiced today is The Yellow Emperor’s Inner Canon. It is the earliest and most important written work of TCM and is considered the fundamental and most representative medical text in China.
Acupuncture and moxibustion have aroused the interest of international medical science circles. And TCM is gradually gaining worldwide recognition. The WHO issued a document in 2002 that appealed to more than 180 countries to adopt TCM as an alternative in their medical policies. In 2010, acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine were added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by the UNESCO. Presently, TCM has been back in the news for its effectiveness in improving the cure rate of the COVID-19 since its outbreak in January 2020.
1.What is the key feature of TCM?
A.It helps to restore body’s self-balance. B.It’s based on ancient Chinese philosophies.
C.It adopts different medical approaches. D.It’s gained experience through rich practice.
2.What can we learn about The Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon from the text?
A.It greatly boosts the development of TCM.
B.It’s a foundation of world medical research.
C.It stresses the importance of using acupoints.
D.It distinguishes acupuncture from moxibustion.
3.Why does the writer write this text?
A.To introduce TCM to the world.
B.To review the development of TCM.
C.To tell TCM and Western medicine apart.
D.To comment on TCM in fighting COVID-19.
4.What might be talked about in the paragraph following the text?
A.Why TCM gets recognition from WHO. B.Why TCM is gaining popularity.
C.How TCM helps in the current situation. D.How other countries adopt TCM.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 1. (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 2. (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3. it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 4. (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so 5. the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 6. (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 7. (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8. (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 9. ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 10. (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
高三英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
China isn't the country _________ she used to be 50 years ago.
A. that B. which C. what D. since
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
China is a peace-loving country and under ____ circumstances ____ first use nuclear weapons.
| A．no; will China | B．no; China will |
| C．all; will China | D．all; China will |
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析