A castle is a type of fortified(加固的)structure built in Europe and the Middle East during the Middle Ages. This is different from a palace, which is no fortified-though there are many similarities among these types of construction. Usage of the term has varied over time and has been applied to diverse structures.
The European castles originated in the 9th and 10th centuries, resulting in its land divided among nobles. These nobles built castles to control the area surrounding them, and they were both offensive and defensive structures. Although army uses are often emphasized in castle studies, the structures also served as centres of administration and symbols of power. Urban castles were used to control the local people and important travel routes, and rural castles were often built near farmland.
Many castles were originally built from earth and wood, but had their defences supplanted later by stone. In the late 12th and early 13th centuries, scientific approaches to castle defence appeared, and could function to maximize the castle’s firepower. These changes in defence came from a mixture of castle technology. Although gunpowder was introduced to be built well into the 16th century, improved cannon(大炮)fire made them uncomfortable places to live in. As a result, true castles went into decline.
From the 18th century onwards, there was a renewed interest in castles with the construction of mock(仿造的)castles, part of a romantic revival(复活)of Gothic architecture, but they had no defensive purpose.
1.According to the first paragraph, we can know .
A. the palace is a fortified structure
B. the castle is different from the palace
C. the palace changed over time
D. the structures of the castle in different ages look the same.
2.what does the second paragraph mainly talk about?
A. Symbols of the European castles.
B. Functions of the European castles.
C. Influences of the European castles.
D. Characteristics of the European castles.
3.The underlined word “ supplanted ” in the third paragraph is closet in meaning to “ “.
A. produced B. saved C. protected D. replaced
4. What can be inferred from the river?
A. Castles have nothing in common with palaces.
B. Castles have a history of more than 1,000 years in Europe.
C. Castles were mainly used for defensive purposes after the 18th century.
D. The introduction of gunpowder instantly influenced castle building in Europe.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
A castle is a type of fortified(加固的)structure built in Europe and the Middle East during the Middle Ages. This is different from a palace, which is no fortified-though there are many similarities among these types of construction. Usage of the term has varied over time and has been applied to diverse structures.
The European castles originated in the 9th and 10th centuries, resulting in its land divided among nobles. These nobles built castles to control the area surrounding them, and they were both offensive and defensive structures. Although army uses are often emphasized in castle studies, the structures also served as centres of administration and symbols of power. Urban castles were used to control the local people and important travel routes, and rural castles were often built near farmland.
Many castles were originally built from earth and wood, but had their defences supplanted later by stone. In the late 12th and early 13th centuries, scientific approaches to castle defence appeared, and could function to maximize the castle’s firepower. These changes in defence came from a mixture of castle technology. Although gunpowder was introduced to be built well into the 16th century, improved cannon(大炮)fire made them uncomfortable places to live in. As a result, true castles went into decline.
From the 18th century onwards, there was a renewed interest in castles with the construction of mock(仿造的)castles, part of a romantic revival(复活)of Gothic architecture, but they had no defensive purpose.
1.According to the first paragraph, we can know .
A. the palace is a fortified structure
B. the castle is different from the palace
C. the palace changed over time
D. the structures of the castle in different ages look the same.
2.what does the second paragraph mainly talk about?
A. Symbols of the European castles.
B. Functions of the European castles.
C. Influences of the European castles.
D. Characteristics of the European castles.
3.The underlined word “ supplanted ” in the third paragraph is closet in meaning to “ “.
A. produced B. saved C. protected D. replaced
4. What can be inferred from the river?
A. Castles have nothing in common with palaces.
B. Castles have a history of more than 1,000 years in Europe.
C. Castles were mainly used for defensive purposes after the 18th century.
D. The introduction of gunpowder instantly influenced castle building in Europe.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A castle is a type of fortified(加固的)structure 1. (build) in Europe and the Middle East during the Middle Ages. This is different from a palace 2. is not fortified, though there are a large number of 3. (similarity) among these types of construction. Since then usage of the term 4. (apply) to diverse structures.
The European castles 5. (origin) in the 9th and 10th centuries, resulting in its land divided among nobles, who built castles to control the area 6. (surround) them. The castles were also 7. (defense) structures. Although army uses are often emphasized in castle studies, the structures also served 8. centers of administration and symbols of power. Urban castles were 9. (usual) used to control the local people and important travel routes, 10. rural castles were often built near farmland.
高三英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Leeds Castle is in Kent, England. 5 miles (8 km) southeast of Maidstone. It is built on islands in a lake formed by the River Len to the cast of the village of Leeds. It has been open to the public since 1976.
Opening time: April to September. 10:00—18:00 October to March: 10:00~17:00 Tickets:Tickets are valid for one year from date of purchase giving free repeat visits to the Castle, grounds and attractions. Excludes special ticketed events and Christmas Day.
Adult tickets: £24 single
Child tickets: £16 single (4~15 years old)
Kid ticket: free (under 4)
Transportation:
Coach or express: National Express from London to Leeds Castle directly
Train: Any train from southern cities to Bearsted. transfer by Spot Travel to Leeds Castle. 15 minutes' ride, goes by each hour.
The Upstairs Tour: Thursday 21st April, 11:30am
See the State bedrooms, not normally on show to the public. Hear about the guests of the roaring 1920s. see the bedroom where Edward and Simpson stayed and where Pavarotti was accommodated during his visit.
Price: £5 per person. A valid entrance ticket is required per person
Embroidery (刺绣)Taster Workshop: Sunday 5th June, 10:30am
Learn the basics with expert supervision from members of the Embroiderers Association and sew your own small piece of embroidery to lake home and frame to turn into a cushion or handmade greeting card.
Price: £20 per person.
A valid entrance ticket is required per person. Includes refreshments and all materials.
1.How much should an adult with a child pay to enter Leeds Castle?
A. £10. B. £24. C.£16. D. £40.
2.What can visitors see during the Upstairs Tour?
A. Pavarotti. B. The State bedrooms.
C. A show. D. Artworks.
3.To visit the Embroidery Taster Workshop, you have to_ .
A. get an entrance ticket
B. show your greeting card
C. know about embroidery
D. join an association
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Welcome to Arundel Castle which is situated in West Sussex, England. The castle has a history of nearly 1000 years and has welcomed visitors traveling from all over the world. Arundel Castle also plays a starring role in many films.
The Gardens
The White Garden is planted with soft white Iceberg Roses, and Snow White Lilies.
The Rose Garden is newly planted with lovely old-fashioned English roses that are at their very best in June and July.
The Organic Kitchen Garden produces a wide range of seasonal fruit and vegetables, pears, cherries and apples.
The Castle Shop
In the Castle Shop, you will discover a wide and interesting range of gift ideas for everyone. It offers gifts and souvenirs designed to appeal to all tastes and pockets. Foods, china, books, and stationery (文具)are all available. Many are sold in this Castle Shop only.
At Arundel Castle we pride ourselves on supporting local suppliers and actively encourage environmentally friendly products.
The Arundel Festival 2014
Saturday 16th to Monday 25th August
The annual Arundel Festival gets bigger and better every year. It is one of the most amazing, diverse and easily accessible arts festivals in the UK, offering a mix of visual arts, music, theatre and street entertainment.
Parking
Coaches and mini-buses can drop off at the main Castle entrance in Mill Road and park in the main town car park that is opposite the Castle entrance. Please inform us when making your booking of how many parking permits are required.
1.When visiting the castle, you can____________.
A. get old-fashioned English roses as gifts
B. buy eco-friendly products in the Castle Shop
C. get seasonal fruit and vegetables for free
D. see how the local gifts are being made
2.How long does the Arundel Festival last this year?
A. 10 days B. One week C. 16 days D. One month
3.Where can you park the coach?
A. In Mill Road B. Inside the Castle
C. In the main town car park D. At the main Castle entrance
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Welcome to Arundel Castle which is situated in West Sussex, England. The castle has a history of nearly 1000 years and has welcomed visitors traveling from all over the world. Arundel Castle also plays a starring role in many films.
The Gardens
The White Garden is planted with soft white Iceberg Roses, and Snow White Lilies.
The Rose Garden is newly planted with lovely old-fashioned English roses that are at their very best in June and July.
The Organic Kitchen Garden produces a wide range of seasonal fruit and vegetables, pears, cherries and apples.
The Castle Shop
In the Castle Shop, you will discover a wide and interesting range of gift ideas for everyone. It offers gifts and souvenirs designed to appeal to all tastes and pockets. Foods, china, books, and stationery (文具)are all available. Many are sold in this Castle Shop only.
At Arundel Castle we pride ourselves on supporting local suppliers and actively encourage environmentally friendly products.
The Arundel Festival 2014
Saturday 16th to Monday 25th August
The annual Arundel Festival gets bigger and better every year. It is one of the most amazing, diverse and easily accessible arts festivals in the UK, offering a mix of visual arts, music, theatre and street entertainment.
Parking
Coaches and mini-buses can drop off at the main Castle entrance in Mill Road and park in the main town car park that is opposite the Castle entrance. Please inform us when making your booking of how many parking permits are required.
1.When visiting the castle, you can________.
A. get old-fashioned English roses as gifts
B. buy eco-friendly products in the Castle Shop
C. get seasonal fruit and vegetables for free
D. see how the local gifts are being made
2.How long does the Arundel Festival last this year?
A. 10 days B. One week C. 16 days D. One month
3.Where can you park the coach?
A. In Mill Road
B. Inside the Castle
C. In the main town car park
D. At the main Castle entrance
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Welcome to Arundel Castle which is situated in West Sussex, England. The castle has a history of nearly 1000 years and has welcomed visitors traveling from all over the world. Arundel Castle also plays a starring role in many films.
The Gardens
The White Garden is planted with soft white Iceberg Roses, and Snow White Lilies.
The Rose Garden is newly planted with lovely old-fashioned English roses that are at their very best in June and July.
The Organic Kitchen Garden produces a wide range of seasonal fruit and vegetables, pears, cherries and apples.
The Castle Shop
In the Castle Shop, you will discover a wide and interesting range of gift ideas for everyone. It offers gifts and souvenirs designed to appeal to all tastes and pockets. Foods, china, books, and stationery (文具)are all available. Many are sold in this Castle Shop only.
At Arundel Castle we pride ourselves on supporting local suppliers and actively encourage environmentally friendly products.
The Arundel Festival 2014
Saturday 16th to Monday 25th August
The annual Arundel Festival gets bigger and better every year. It is one of the most amazing, diverse and easily accessible arts festivals in the UK, offering a mix of visual arts, music, theatre and street entertainment.
Parking
Coaches and mini-buses can drop off at the main Castle entrance in Mill Road and park in the main town car park that is opposite the Castle entrance. Please inform us when making your booking of how many parking permits are required.
1.When visiting the castle, you can________.
A. get old-fashioned English roses as gifts
B. buy eco-friendly products in the Castle Shop
C. get seasonal fruit and vegetables for free
D. see how the local gifts are being made
2.How long does the Arundel Festival last this year?
A. 10 days B. One week C. 16 days D. One month
3.Where can you park the coach?
A. In Mill Road
B. Inside the Castle
C. In the main town car park
D. At the main Castle entrance
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
An oval-shaped (椭圆形) structure, which is believed to be 121meters across, is shown in a picture of Antarctica.
Some say the structure is evidence that human civilization once lived in the South Pole, while others say it may be a natural phenomenon.
“What if, in the distant past, an ancient civilization developed in Antarctica, creating splendid structures and temples there?” Peter Turney says in a post on Ancient Code.
The post says scientists first thought the discovery could be a sastrugi (雪面波纹)一a natural phenomenon formed by years of battering (磨损) by strong, freezing winds and heavy snowfalls. But sastrugi are not known to form in oval shapes.
This is not the first time people have suggested there was a lost civilization in Antarctica.
Ever since last year, some people have been claiming (声称) that a strange pyramid in the Antarctic has appeared.
A video posted on YouTube by Third Phase of the Moon, a YouTube channel, showed a picture of a pyramid-like structure in the snow. Responses to the picture were varied, with some users backing-up the claims, such as James Jason, who commented: “Excellent report by Third Phase!I also believe things are about to get very dramatic (戏剧性的),and that is for everyone on our planet.”
Ashoka Tripathi from the University of Calcutta said the pictures showed clear evidence of an ancient human settlement beneath the ice sheet. “These are clearly characteristics of some sort of human-made structure, like some sort of pyramidal structure,” he said. “The patterns clearly show nothing we should expect from nature. We clearly have evidence of human engineering here,” John Emerson, his colleague, added.
But others were against it, such as Gordon Anderson, who said, “I have spent a lot of time on snow covered mountains—skiing down, and this looks natural to me—not man made anyway!”
1.What makes Peter Tumney believe in human civilization in Antarctica?
A. The ice sheet.
B. A heavy snowfall.
C. A big sastrugi.
D. An oval-shaped structure.
2.What is Third Phase of the Moon?
A. A picture.
B. A person.
C. A channel.
D. A video.
3.Who thinks the pyramidal structure is natural?
A. James Jason.
B. Ashoka Tripathi.
C. John Emerson.
D. Gordon Anderson.
4.Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A. Antarctica, a possible land of civilization
B. South Pole, a splendid place to live in
C. Evidence of a newly-found planet
D. An excel lent post on Ancient Code
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。
A bridge is a structure built 1.(cross) a river, road, valley and so on. Designs of bridges differ depending 2. the function of the bridge and the nature of the land where the bridge is constructed.
The first bridges 3.(make) of wooden logs. Most of these early bridges were poorly built and could rarely support heavy weights. It was this inadequacy that 4.(lead) to the development of better bridges. The arch was first used for bridges by the Roman Empire, some of 5. still stand today.
The oldest surviving arch stone bridge in China is the Zhaozhou Bridge, 6.date) back to the Sui Dynasty. The great bridge expert Mao Yisheng once said that 1300 years was enough to prove the completeness of its entire structure. The bridge is complex yet elegantly constructed. Taking in the whole view, you will find it a single-arch bridge. However, it is actually a vertical combination of twenty-eight 7.arch). The two smaller spans(桥拱) in the shoulders of the bridge is a 8.create) invention in the history of the bridge construction, giving the stone bridge a 9.(fair) pretty design.
This bridge will continue to stand there not only as a tourist attraction 10. a treasure for everyone to enjoy.
高三英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读下面短文,在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Windsor Castle is surrounded by a lot of green gardens in the English countryside. It looks out onto the River Thames and sits next 1. a hunting ground. It was built just outside of London 2. (protect) the capital from the enemies on the west side.
Windsor Castle is the oldest and largest castle 3. (occupy) in the world. The castle has a long, rich and troubled history. 4. the castle walls could talk, they’d have many stories to tell.
Kings were born and 5. (die) here. It’s been used as the home of kings and queens for centuries. However, it was also used as a prison during the English Civil War II, the royal family 6.(secret) slept at Windsor Castle because it was safer than London’s urban areas.
Today, Windsor Castle is the private home of Queen Elizabeth II. When she doesn’t meet guests at Buckingham Palace, she goes to Windsor Castle. 7. that’s not all. Windsor Castle is open to the public. It is now one of England's most popular tourist 8. (attract). Visitors can look at some of the finest artworks, 9. (include) the paintings of Rembrandt as well as the well-kept gardens. Is there a better way to learn about England 10. to enjoy some of the country’s finest scenery?
高三英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Factory farming is a type of farming that involves raising a huge number of livestock(牲畜)in comparatively tinier enclosed spaces, with a view to supplying them to the livestock market. It took root in the later part of the 19th century. On the arrival of the Industrial Revolution, the inventions of antibiotics and pesticides were increasing in number, which made it possible to practice factory farming. And gradually, with better farming methods, livestock were able to be raised indoors leading to mass production in a shorter while. Nowadays, according to reliable sources, more than 50% of the livestock are produced using this concept.
Factory farming is one of the most important food production methods around the world today because it has a lot of advantages. For example, there are huge numbers of mouths to feed, and mass production leads to the purchase of poultry and the related items. Since the items aren’t priced too high for consumers to afford, people appreciate buying them in a large number. And as more and more livestock are artificially raised, more and more chicken, beef and eggs are out for sale. The purchase rate is higher and despite being reasonably priced, the produce fetches a profit for the farms. In addition, since the business is enormous and needs as many hands as possible to increase the food produce, an equal number of staff are required for work, which results in a growth in the related jobs.
However, there are also disadvantages of factory farming. For instance, the animals are artificially bred, and since the procedure is not natural, the end products could be of poor quality. Antibiotics are injected into cows and hens, making them more unlikely to suffer from dirt and disease. As a result, the eggs and meat will not be as good as usual. The products thus obtained are of such low quality, which ultimately affects our health as well. Actually, since the entire production is artificial, the meat is overloaded with hormones(激素)and drugs, and the bacteria develop resistance to the antibiotics, which is why many diseases remain untreated. Worse still, the animals’ waste can pollute the water and air, causing extensive damage to the environment. It may also lead to harmful emissions and contribute to the already increasing global warming.
Because of the above advantages and disadvantages of factory farming, the concept has been a subject of massive debate all over the world, wherever this practice has been employed. Supporters of this concept argue that it does provide enough food for the increasing population and is more affordable. However, unfavorable opinions suggest that there are better ways of producing food, rather than subjecting animals to this suffering. The debate has been going on for quite a while, with no one being able to gain the upper hand.
Factory Farming | |
Definition | Factory farming refers to raising so many farm animals in a 1. space to meet the requirements of people’s daily life. |
Background | With more antibiotics and pesticides 2., factory farming came into being in the late 19th century. As farming methods improved, factory farming3. mass production in a shorter while. Over half of the livestock are produced through factory farming at the present time. |
Advantages | Factory farming produces more food to feed a large4.. The items produced through factory farming are 5. for ordinary consumers. The higher purchase rate makes factory farming 6., in the spite of reasonable price. Factory farming contributes to an increasing number of working 7.. |
Disadvantages | The animals aren’t8. brought up, so the quality of the end products could not be good enough. Antibiotics are injected into the animals, which makes bacteria9. to drugs and leaves many diseases untreated. |
Debate | Some people support this concept, while some others are against it because they think food should be produced in better ways. The debate has10. long, but neither side has got the edge over the other. |
高三英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析