We all know that eating junk food can make us fat. However, a new study suggests that it can do more than that – it can also make us lazy, reported CBS News.
In the study, researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles, US divided 32 female rats into two groups. The first group was fed a diet of healthy food such as corn and fish, while the second was given a diet of highly processed (加工的) food rich in sugar, namely “junk food”.
Within three months, the rats in the second group were already much fatter than those on the healthy diet. And when researchers trained the rats to do simple tasks, they found even more differences between the two groups rather than weight.
During the task – pushing a lever (杠杆) to receive a reward of sugar water – the rats on the junk food diet were found to be less willing to move, and they took longer breaks between each push than the lean rats did.
“It is as if the rat is thinking ‘This is too much work’,” Aaron Blaisdell, leader of the study, told the Los Angeles Times.
But what about the possibility that the fat rats were less passionate about getting sugar water because they were already eating lots of sugar in their daily diet? That’s why researchers repeated the tests by rewarding fat rats with plain water when they were extremely thirsty. However, the results came out just the same.
According to researchers, these differences suggest that junk food changed the chemistry in the rats’ brains.
The experiment didn’t end there. After six months, the rats’ diets were switched, and the overweight rats were given a healthy diet for nine days. However, this change didn’t help reduce their weight or improve their ability to perform tasks, which means the effects of their junk food diet persisted (持续存在). “There’s no quick fix,” said Blaisdell.
For a long time, we’ve believed that people become fat because they are lazy. But this study has proven the opposite to be true as well, which indicates that laziness and obesity are a “vicious cycle (恶性循环)”.
So, if you constantly feel tired, lacking any urge to get up from your chair, it could be that you’ve been studying too hard. But you should also pay attention to your diet.
1.During the first three months of the experiment by researchers at the University of California, ______.
A. rats from the healthy diet group ate nothing but corn and fish
B. rats on the junk food diet ate more than those on healthy diet
C. rats on the healthy food diet performed better at simple tasks than those on the junk food diet
D. rats on the junk food diet seemed uninterested in sugary food
2.The researchers rewarded thirsty rats with plain water in the lever test to ______.
A. help them control their weight
B. test whether fat rats lost interest in the test because they had taken enough sugar
C. change the diet habits of fat rats
D. find out the influence of sugar on rats’ brains
3. The underlined word “there” refers to ______.
A. after the rats on the junk food diet had worked hard to get sugar water
B. after the type of food rats prefer had been identified
C. after a quick cure for obesity had been found
D. after the fact that fatter rats are lazier than lean rats had been found
4.We can conclude from the article that ______.
A. fat people are usually lazier than lean people
B. people should switch between different types of diets to keep healthy
C. being overweight and being lazy can feed into each other
D. laziness is the main cause of weight problems
5.Which of the following is Not Right according to the passage?
A. Eating junk food can make us fat.
B. Researchers got different results after repeated the tests to fat rats.
C. For a long time, we’ve believed that people become fat because they are lazy.
D. If you constantly feel tired or study too hard, you need to pay attention to your diet.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
We all know that eating junk food can make us fat. However, a new study suggests that it can do more than that – it can also make us lazy, reported CBS News.
In the study, researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles, US divided 32 female rats into two groups. The first group was fed a diet of healthy food such as corn and fish, while the second was given a diet of highly processed (加工的) food rich in sugar, namely “junk food”.
Within three months, the rats in the second group were already much fatter than those on the healthy diet. And when researchers trained the rats to do simple tasks, they found even more differences between the two groups rather than weight.
During the task – pushing a lever (杠杆) to receive a reward of sugar water – the rats on the junk food diet were found to be less willing to move, and they took longer breaks between each push than the lean rats did.
“It is as if the rat is thinking ‘This is too much work’,” Aaron Blaisdell, leader of the study, told the Los Angeles Times.
But what about the possibility that the fat rats were less passionate about getting sugar water because they were already eating lots of sugar in their daily diet? That’s why researchers repeated the tests by rewarding fat rats with plain water when they were extremely thirsty. However, the results came out just the same.
According to researchers, these differences suggest that junk food changed the chemistry in the rats’ brains.
The experiment didn’t end there. After six months, the rats’ diets were switched, and the overweight rats were given a healthy diet for nine days. However, this change didn’t help reduce their weight or improve their ability to perform tasks, which means the effects of their junk food diet persisted (持续存在). “There’s no quick fix,” said Blaisdell.
For a long time, we’ve believed that people become fat because they are lazy. But this study has proven the opposite to be true as well, which indicates that laziness and obesity are a “vicious cycle (恶性循环)”.
So, if you constantly feel tired, lacking any urge to get up from your chair, it could be that you’ve been studying too hard. But you should also pay attention to your diet.
1.During the first three months of the experiment by researchers at the University of California, ______.
A. rats from the healthy diet group ate nothing but corn and fish
B. rats on the junk food diet ate more than those on healthy diet
C. rats on the healthy food diet performed better at simple tasks than those on the junk food diet
D. rats on the junk food diet seemed uninterested in sugary food
2.The researchers rewarded thirsty rats with plain water in the lever test to ______.
A. help them control their weight
B. test whether fat rats lost interest in the test because they had taken enough sugar
C. change the diet habits of fat rats
D. find out the influence of sugar on rats’ brains
3. The underlined word “there” refers to ______.
A. after the rats on the junk food diet had worked hard to get sugar water
B. after the type of food rats prefer had been identified
C. after a quick cure for obesity had been found
D. after the fact that fatter rats are lazier than lean rats had been found
4.We can conclude from the article that ______.
A. fat people are usually lazier than lean people
B. people should switch between different types of diets to keep healthy
C. being overweight and being lazy can feed into each other
D. laziness is the main cause of weight problems
5.Which of the following is Not Right according to the passage?
A. Eating junk food can make us fat.
B. Researchers got different results after repeated the tests to fat rats.
C. For a long time, we’ve believed that people become fat because they are lazy.
D. If you constantly feel tired or study too hard, you need to pay attention to your diet.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读理解。
Everyone knows that eating too much junk food is not good to our health. Yet, what is it about junk food that is so completely irresistible(无可抗拒的)? For one thing, it’s everywhere. From chips in fast food restaurants to candy in supermarkets, junk food always seems available. Thankfully, science is now providing new clues to help us reduce snacking.
Make friends with dainty(讲究的) eaters.
Studies have found that people tend to increase or reduce the amount of food they eat depending on what their companions are taking in.
See happy movies… and always get the smaller bag of popcorn(爆米花).
According to some experts, people eat up to 29% more popcorn if they are watching a sad or serious movie, compared to when they are watching a comedy. Viewers consumed almost 200 calories more when snacking from a large bucket, as opposed to when given a medium-sized container.
Eat breakfast.
Nutritionists have gone back and forth(来来回回)about the question of how much to eat in the morning, but new studies suggest that consuming a good breakfast is a must. Surveys on long-term weight-loss show that two key factors in keeping weight down are eating breakfast and exercising.
Divide your food and conquer overeating.
Any kind of dividing your food into portions slows down your eating. Any kind of marker makes you aware of what you’re eating and of portion size. Researchers advise reallocating(再分配)snack foods into small plastic bags. It sounds simplistic, but it works.
1.Why do people eat too much junk food though it is bad for our health?
A. It’s delicious from chips to candy.
B. It’s easily taken everywhere.
C. Because it’s available here and there.
D. It’s easily bought in fast food restaurants.
2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. People are likely to eat more food when staying with friends.
B. Nutritionists have the same opinion about how much to eat in the morning.
C. People prefer to snake from a large bucket.
D. If people are watching a tragedy, they eat up to 29% more popcorn.
3.What will he or she do if he or she wants to lose weight?
A. To eat nothing in the morning.
B. To eat breakfast and exercise.
C. To get up early and to go to bed late.
D. To snack from a medium-size bucket.
4.What is the text mainly about the rule(s)?
A. how to eat properly and healthily.
B. how to make friends with dainty eaters.
C. how much to eat in the morning.
D. how to control overeating.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
What makes us love some things and hate others? We know that sometimes even the tiniest change can result in a huge difference in how we perceive something, so is there any rhyme or reason to our tastes and preferences? Here are three factors which play a role.
1. Conforming to expectation
In London a few years ago, two talented rappers called Silibil N' Brains took to the stage to perform at a music industry show for unsigned bands. They were an instant hit. Their outrageous West Coast - American style, brilliant rap lyrics and couldn't - care - less attitude had the music industry's talent spotters falling over themselves to sign the pair. In a short space of time, Silibil N’ Brains had a deal with a top management company, a contract with a major record label and an advance of $70,000 -- and they hadn’t even made a record. Before long, they were on tour with Eminem and out partying with Madonna. They were living the dream.
But two years ago the same two rappers were laughed off stage by the same talent spotters for singing the same sons. So what was the difference? Amazingly, it was their accent. You see, Silibil N' Brains weren't, in fact, from West Coast U. S. A. at all. They were from Dundee in Scotland. During the first audition they had used their Scottish accents when rapping and it had not gone down well. ''They just laughed at us, '' recalled Brains. ''We were heartbroken. We went back to Scotland with our tail between our legs''. The lesson for them was that to succeed, you have to conform to expectations and at that time everyone expected rappers to be American.
2. The benefit of hindsight
Some people are simply ahead of their time. It's common knowledge that Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting in his lifetime -the other 900 or so were unknown and unloved until after his death. Monet’s paintings. at least in his early career, was considered incomplete and ugly by critics at the time, while Vermeer, the painter of Girl With a Pearl Earring, even had to use his mother-in-law as a guarantor when he borrowed money -- so unable was he to sell any of his work! Now that public taste has caught up with these artists, more or less anything they touched has an astronomical price tag attached to it. Perhaps the reason is that it just takes a while to get used to something - after all, not all beauty is obvious at first sight.
3. A reassuring price tag
In a world where the range of products on offer can be completely bewildering, we often look to price as an indication of quality. We may think we prefer the expensive wine to the cheap one, but we may simply be influenced by the price tag. Even professionals can make the mistake. A researcher from the University of Bordeaux in France took an average bottle of red wine and poured it into two empty bottles, on with an expensive label and the other with a cheap one. Then he invited 57 wine ''experts'' to taste the wine. Forty of them recommended the wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as ''agreeable'', ''complex'', ''balanced'' and ''rounded''. while the same wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as ''agreeable'', ''complex'', ''balanced'' and ''rounded'', while the same wine from the cheap bottle was described as ''weak'' and ''flat'', with only 12 of the experts recommending it. The study made the researcher unpopular with the French wine tasters, but he did prove that price has a significant impact on taste.
1.Which of the following statements about Silibil N’ Brains is true?
A.Talent spotters fell in love with them at first sight.
B.They are from the West Coast of America
C.Their success was attributed to behaving and sounding like American rappers.
D.They were friends with famous stars like Madonna even before they succeeded.
2.The underlined phrases ''with our tail between our legs'' indicates that _________.
A.their first audition proved a failure
B.they felt proud of their performance
C.they learned a valuable lesson
D.being humble might contribute to their future success
3.We can infer from the second factor that ________.
A.some artists are better known when they are alive than when they are dead
B.public taste usually falls behind famous artists
C.beauty at first sight lasts much longer
D.Monet's paintings are priceless because of their incompleteness
4.What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A.A price tag always fails to indicate the quality of a product.
B.A price tag is less likely to confuse customers than the packaging.
C.Low price will make the wine unpopular with tasters
D.A price tag will cloud a person’s judgement of something.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,答案写在答题卡上。
We all know how good nature can make us feel. The sound of the ocean, the smell of a forest and the way sunlight dances through 1. (leaf) help us to relax and think more clearly. The idea 2. humans own a deep biological need to connect with nature has been called "Biophilia", 3. (mean) "love of life and the living world". Yet, according to the United Nations Population Division, so far the number of us going to urban areas 4. (grow) sharply. By 2050, it is estimated that a shocking sixty-eight percent of the world's inhabitants will live in cities. Cities are wonderful places — full of 5. (excite), innovation and energy.6. living in a city can be stressful. And the more we live in them, 7. more stress we have, leading to increases in mental illnesses 8. depression and loneliness. The good news is that the global science community continues to explain the medical benefits of nature on the brain. Through conducting research and sharing information with different organizations, new ideas are being carried out that encourage us 9. (step) out of the fast street and reconnect with nature in a 10. (rapid) changing world.
高三英语语法填空简单题查看答案及解析
“We all know that exercise is good for us, but can you get the benefits without actually doing the exercise?” asks Michael Mosley.
Having a hot bath or a sauna is a good way to soothe your limbs after exercise, but what happens if you do it instead of exercise? Dr. Steve Faulkner of Loughborough University asked me to take part in an experiment comparing the relative benefits of having a long, hot bath versus an hour of hard pedalling.
For this study I join a group of volunteers who have all been fitted with monitors which continuously record blood sugar levels. Keeping your blood sugar levels within the normal range is an important measure of your “metabolic” fitness.
The first part of the experiment is very relaxing, consisting of having a long, hot bath. While I sit in the bath, which they keep at 40℃, Steve closely monitors my core temperature. Once it has risen and stayed there, I am allowed out.
A couple of hours after my bath I have a light meal. Since we want to see how having a hot bath compares with exercise we repeat the experiment.
So what’s the result?
“One of the first things that we were looking at,” Steve says, “is the energy expenditure while you’re in the bath and what we found was an 80% increase in energy expenditure just as a result of sitting in the bath for the course of an hour.”
This is nothing like as many calories as cycling for an hour (which comes out at an average of 630 calories) but we do burn 140 calories, the equivalent of a brisk 30-minute walk.
1.What is the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 2?
A. exercise B. strengthen C. relax D. build up
2.What is the purpose of the experiment?
A. To compare energy expenditure of hot bath and pedalling
B. To tell people how to lose weight.
C. To show the benefit of hot bath.
D. To encourage people to have a hot bath instead of pedalling.
3.What does normal sugar level mean?
A. It means you are healthy. B. It means your temperature is normal.
C. It means you don't need exercise. D. It means your metabolic system is normal.
4.If you want to burn 600 calories, what can you do?
A. Have a hot bath for one hour. B. Cycle for one hour.
C. Have a brisk 60-minute walk. D. Have a brisk 30-minute walk.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Food feeds the soul. To the extent that we all eat food, and we all have souls, food is the single great united across cultures. With food, there are more opportunities to connect to memory and family and place. 1.
Food as identity. French, Mexican, Chinese, and Italian cuisines each involve dozens of distinct regional foods. Every single culture and religion uses food as part of their celebrations.
2. Every season, every harvest, and every holiday has its own food, and this is true in America as well.
3. Sometimes food means living on. While the Chinese cooks who exported “Chinese” food around the world ate authentic cooking at home, the dishes they served, thus creating new cuisines entirely, were based on economic necessity.
Food as pleasure. Things have changed dramatically in the past 20 years when it comes to food in France. Some of the ideas of French food life may be a performance. France is this pastoral nation where people are spending five hours a day going to 12 different markets to get their food. 4.
Food as status. The introduction of global foods and brands has compounded food as a status symbol for some Chinese. 5. In China, people eat food not necessarily for taste, but for texture. You can find food from all of the provinces of China in Shanghai, as well as every kind of global food style imaginable.
A. Food as survival.
B.Food as community.
C.It’s the hardest to give up.
D. The celebratory nature of food is universal.
E.It is an accumulation, a function of your experiences
F.How and why you eat your food, is, of course, also very cultural.
G. But food in Italy is love, then nutrition, then history, then pleasure.
高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
Most people agree that eating healthy food is important. But sometimes making good food choices can be difficult. Now, there are apps that can help people learn about the food they eat to improve their health and their dining out experience.
Open Table app
Open Table app helps people choose restaurants when they want to go out to eat. It is a free service that shows users restaurant available based on where and when they want to dine. It gives users points when they make reservations(预定), which can add up to discounts on restaurant visits.
Max McCalman’s Cheese & Wine Pairing app
Wine and cheese can be a great combination. But which wines go best with which cheeses? Max McCalman’s Cheese & Wine Pairing app can help. It provides information about hundreds of different cheeses and suggests wines to pair with each. Max McCalman’s Cheese & Wine Pairing app is free.
HappyCow app
Vegetarians do not eat animal meat. Vegans do not eat any animal products. The HappyCow app is made for both groups. Users can search for vegetarian-vegan restaurants and stores around the world.
LocalEats app
Restaurant chains, like McDonalds, can be found almost anywhere a person might travel. But sometimes travelers want to eat like locals. The LocalEats app is designed for that. It can help you find local restaurants in major cities in the US and in other countries. It costs about a dollar.
Where Chefs Eat app
“Where Chefs Eat” is a 975-page book. Most people would not want to carry that around. But there is a much lighter app version of the same name for just $15. Six hundred chefs provide information on 3,000 restaurants around the world on the Where Chefs Eat app.
1. What do the first two apps have in common?
A. They are both free of charge.
B. Discounts are provided on both.
C. Best wines can be reserved on both
D. They tell you where to have the best food.
2. Who is Happycow app probably designed for?
A. Friends drinking wines together.
B. Chefs enjoying meat very much.
C. People who want to go on a diet.
D. Those often eating in a restaurant.
3. Where can we most likely see the text?
A. On a tourism guide.
B. In a cellphone application introduction
C. In a students’ textbook
D. On a scientific discovery TV program
4. Why on earth did the writer make this text?
A. To help fatties to lose some weight.
B. To bring us some healthy eating habits.
C. To make some money by advertising apps.
D. To introduce some useful apps to food lovers.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Most people agree that eating healthy food is important. But sometimes making good food choices can be difficult. Now, there are apps that can help people learn about the food they eat to improve their health and their dining out experience.
Open Table app
Open Table app helps people choose restaurants when they want to go out to eat. It is a free service that shows users restaurant available based on where and when they want to dine. It gives users points when they make reservations(预定),which can add up to discounts on restaurant visits.
Max McCalman's Cheese&Wine Pairing app
Wine and cheese can be a great combination. But which wines go best with which cheeses? Max McCalman's Cheese&Wine Pairing app can help. It provides information about hundreds of different cheeses and suggests wines to pair with each. Max McCalman's Cheese&Wine Pairing app is free.
HappyCow app
Vegetarians do not eat animal meat. Vegans do not eat any animal products. The HappyCow app is made for both groups. Users can search for vegetarian-vegan restaurants and stores around the world.
LocalEats app
Restaurant chains, like McDonalds, can be found almost anywhere a person might travel. But sometimes travelers want to eat like locals. The LocalEats app is designed for that. It can help you find local restaurants in major cities in the US and in other countries. It costs about a dollar.
Where Chefs Eat app
“Where Chefs Eat”is a 975-pagc book. Most people would not want to carry that around. But there is a much lighter app version of the same name for just $15. Six hundred chefs provide information on 3,000 restaurants around the world on the Where Chefs Eat app.
1.What do the first two apps have in common?
A.They are both free of charge. B.Discounts are provided on both
C.Best wines can be reserved on both D.They tell you where to have the best food.
2.Who is HappyCow app probably designed for?
A.Friends drinking wines together. B.Chefs enjoying meat very much.
C.People who want to go on a diet. D.Those often eating in a restaurant.
3.Where can we most likely see the text?
A.On a tourism guide. B.In a cellphone application introduction
C.In a students' textbook D.On a scientific discovery TV program
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Most people agree that eating healthy food is important. But sometimes making good food choices can be difficult. Now, there are apps that can help people learn about the food they eat to improve their health and their dining out experience.
HappyCow app
Vegetarians do not eat animal meat. Vegans do not eat any animal products. The HappyCow app is made for both groups. Users can search for vegetarian-vegan restaurants and stores around the world.
OpenTable app
OpenTable app helps people choose restaurants when they want to go out to eat. It is a free service that shows users restaurant available based on where and when they want to dine. It gives users points when they make reservations(保留,预定), which can add up to discounts on restaurant visits.
LocalEats app
Restaurant chains, like McDonalds, can be found almost anywhere a person might travel. But sometimes travelers want to eat like locals. The LocalEats app is designed for that. It can help you find local restaurants in major cities in the US and in other countries. It costs about a dollar.
Where Chefs Eat app
“Where Chefs Eat” is a 975-page book. Most people would not want to carry that around. But there is a much lighter app version of the same name for just $15. Six hundred chefs provide information on 3,000 restaurants around the world on the Where Chefs Eat app.
1.Happycow app is designed for those who prefer .
A. local foods B. animal product
C. animal meat D. vegetables
2.What app costs you most according to the text?
A. HappyCow B. OpenTable.
C. LocalEats D. Where Chefs Eat
3.Where does this passage most probably come from?
A. A science textbook. B. A tourist map.
C. A technology report. D. A museum guide.
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Children are used to the parties that consist of junk food, loud music and the like.However, today's environmental condition is serious, so to save our environment, we need to do our bit by making small changes in our activities like planning our kid's birthday parties in an eco-friendly manner.
The first idea for the "green" birthday party is selecting a "green" location.You can put some choices in front of your child like gardens, parks and farms and let him or her select one for the party.The benefit of choosing a natural outdoor location is that it doesn't require much decoration, which will save your money.Also, it'll bring your child close to nature.
Secondly, go "green" while you're listing out the required materials for the party. Use reusable and recyclable materials like cloth table covers instead of plastic.For decorations, avoid plastics by using natural things like plants, candles, etc.What's more, you can avoid using paper invitations and invite people by sending e-mail invitations to them.
Thirdly, plan the food according to the 'green theme.Serve delicious but healthy food to the guests.Fruits, vegetables and nuts can be the most appropriate parts in party food as they taste great, and are extremely healthy.Home-made cakes will also serve the purpose very well.
Lastly, conduct "green" activities.For giving children a learning experience, take them on a trip to the nearest farm and let them see the working system there.After the learning experience, let them play together in a park.Also children can make up stories which you can write down for them.These written pages will be colored by the kids and will be their return gifts.
Plan a unique but wonderful birthday party for your kid and enjoy.If we all contribute to this cause, soon we'll see our earth back in her green coat.
·Taking children to a farm or park to 80._________
·Taking down stories created by children, which will be their return gifts after being colored
III.Benefits
Planning a unique but wonderful birthday party helps save the earth.
高三英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析