When we think of green buildings, we tend to ...

When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones-the kind of modern, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines．But the US has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be incredibly ________ to tear them all down and ________ them with greener versions．

An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses．And it would take an average of 65 years for the ________ carbon emissions (排放) from a(an) __     _ energy-efficient (节能) home to make up for the ________ lost by destroying an old one．

So in the broadest sense, the greenest home is the one that has already been built．But at the same time, ________  half of US carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and powering our ________, offices and other buildings．"You can't deal with climate ________ without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust．

With some exceptions, the oldest homes tend to be the ________ energy-efficient．Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that ________ over time and let in more outside ________.

,there are a vast number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from  ________ ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home．And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help ________ property owners from rising power ________.

1.A． terrible  B．wasteful      C．wonderful   D．useful

2.A．put  B．build   C．replace        D．take

3.A．reduced  B．increased    C．used   D．destroyed

4.A．old   B．fashionable C．new    D．beautiful

5.A．magazines         B．trees   C．materials     D．resources

6.A．nearly      B．hardly C．rarely D．mostly

7.A．libraries   B．schools        C．homes         D．stores

8.A．improvement   B．appearance         C．stability        D．change

9.A．most         B．really  C．very    D．least

10.A．expand  B．narrow        C．strengthen  D．weaken

11.A．dust        B．air       C．smoke          D．water

12.A．Oppositely     B．Unfortunately      C．Fortunately D．Frankly

13.A．historic  B．worthless    C．ordinary      D．meaningless

14.A．charge   B．protect        C．punish         D．warn

15.A．prices    B．costs   C．businesses  D．bargains

高三英语完型填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

When it comes to green buildings, we tend to think of new ones – the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. 1.They are the witness of the country. And it would be incredibly wasteful to tear them all down and replace them with greener versions. 2.What’s　　 more, it would take an average of 65 years for the reduced carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. 3.

But there is an unavoidable fact that nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and powering those aged houses. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust. With some exceptions, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy- efficient.　 4.Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after　　 2000.

5.Historic ones like Lincoln's Cottage can be transformed through efficiency upgrades. They can not only help protect property owners from rising power costs; They can save the earth.

A.But how to change their conditions?

B.But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes.

C.Some effective measures should be taken by government.

D.So some people say that the greenest way is to maintain old ones.

E.Fortunately, some relatively simple changes can green older homes.

F.Vast energy and resources went into the construction of those houses.

G.The main cause is the cracks that expand over time and let outside air in.

高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析

Nature has its own way of balancing itself out, but when we humans get involved, we tend to throw things out of control. Forests and oceans are natural carbon sinks that absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, but since we’ve been pumping too much into the air, those sinks can’t keep up. Scientists at the Max Planck Institute in Germany, led by biologist Tobias Erb, have figured out a way to supercharge plants to make them better at absorbing CO2, which could be a key defense against climate change.

Erb and his team figured out a way to make plants more efficient at absorbing carbon, so that they consumed more carbon in a shorter amount of time. “If you think about plants, they are efficient CO2-fixing filters, but they are not fast, ” Erb said. “I think there is a chance to improve existing biology with synthetic(人造的) biology.”

Erb’s team identified 17 enzymes(酶) from nine different organisms, re-engineering three of them, that had an enlarged carbon consumption. When those enzymes worked together as a team, they worked better at not only plants’ natural enzymes, but also themselves individually. Existing enzymes in plants consume about 5 to 10 molecules(摩尔) of CO2 per second. The team of enzymes that Erb used consumed 80 molecules per second.

So far, these enzymes have only been tested in test tubes in the lab, but the next step is real world testing where the enzymes would be introduced into plants to see if the same result occurs. If those tests show that plants really can be supercharged, we could have a new tool in the fight against climate change where not only do we protect the amazing carbon-absorbing forests we have, but we also add these super plants or an artificial leaf technology using the enzymes into other mixed fields.

1.Why can’t forests and oceans balance nature?

A. Because oceans and forests are getting smaller.

B. Because a large number of forests are cut down.

C. Because we human beings give off too much CO2.

D. Because there are too many creatures in the world.

2.Which is the key defense against climate change according to Erb and his team?

A. To increase the plants’ ability and efficiency to absorb CO2.

B. To make oceans and forests to absorb more CO2 quickly.

C. To reduce the human’s activities giving off too much CO2.

D. To increase the number of plants in the world.

3.What can we get from the last paragraph?

A. The enzymes have proved useful in real world.

B. The technology has worked against climate change.

C. The enzymes have not been used in the lab.

D. The technology may have a bright future.

4.This passage is intended to ________.

A. call on people to pay more attention to the balance of nature

B. introduce a possible way to better plants’ ability of absorbing CO2

C. analyze the cause and result of climate change related to plants

D. explore the possibility of using plants to fight against climate change

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

When building houses, people used to think about not only the climate of the areas but also the building materials and the fashions for their houses. However, since electricity became more and more expensive, people began to pay much more attention to the energy they could get for their houses and the new ways they could find to protect their houses from both cold and heat.

Now, houses of an old yet new type have been widely built. In some parts of the world, people share their houses with their livestock（家畜）.During cold weather, they gather their cows, goats, or other animals and keep them on the first floor of their houses. The reasons are that the animals can be protected from the cold and that they can help to heat the houses as well. The body heat given off by the animals rises to the second floor of the houses, where people live. By sharing their houses with their livestock, people gain a source of heat.

People who live in or near cities do not usually keep livestock. However, home builders use the fact that heat rises. This natural law can be used in building houses in these areas. Instead of keeping livestock on the first floor, builders fill it with large rocks. As they are open to the sun’s rays during cold weather, these rocks take in heat. They also give off the heat, and, of course, the warm air rises into the living areas of the houses. So these houses are energy-saving.

House-building becomes a great challenge（挑战）to building designers and energy engineers. They try to meet this challenge by learning from old traditions and by using modern technology. And someday in the future, people will be able to live in more energy-saving houses.

1.What did people begin to consider as electricity was no longer cheap?

A. The climate of their areas.       B. The energy for their houses.

C. The fashions for their houses.    D. The building materials for their houses.

2.People in some areas gain a source of heat by _________.

A. keeping their livestock downstairs

B. protecting their livestock from the cold

C. sharing their houses only with their cows

D. living on the second floor with their livestock

3.The underlined words “natural law” in the third paragraph refer to the fact that ________.

A. heat raises the temperature in the houses

B. heat goes in the upward direction

C. heat goes up if temperature is raised

D. heat increases the temperature of rocks

4.From the passage, we can conclude that __________.

A. people will no longer consider building materials in the future

B. energy-saving buildings will become more popular in the future

C. almost all people will move into the houses heated by large rocks

D. energy engineers will devote themselves only to modern technology

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

We were supposed to move into our new classroom building at the beginning of this month，but things didn’t ________ as planned.

A．work out　                         B．carry out

C．move out　                         D．get out

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Officials from China and France formally promised on Thursday to build a new type of economic partnership, while ________ business cooperation.

A. strengthened　　　　　　　　　 B. to strengthen　　 　　　　　　　　　 C. strengthening　　 　　　　　　　　　 D. strengthen

高三英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析

Given the recent interest in green buildings in the media, let’s think differently. Instead of focusing on increasing the supply of energy, what if we focus on reducing demand?

Can we start with ending the open-door practice of street-front shops? While cool air from these shops is refreshing to pedestrians, it carries a cost. Energy is used in the air conditioning process.

So it must be possible to look for changes in regulations that would encourage more energy-saving designs. For instance, if we fix ceiling fans, air-conditioning homes could surely be avoided for part of the year. Ceiling fans use far less energy. They were in a year air conditioners could stay if ceiling fans were fixed.

In homes built under the small-house policy in New Territories, the ceiling may be too low for ceiling fans. If the 9-meter maximum building height regulation were relaxed, ceiling fans could be fixed to reduce energy use. Current thinking in sustainable building design and operation involves integrated(协调统一的) design, that is, bring together all parties to create a building with better performance that achieves energy reduction.

For integrated design to succeed, all parties must come together and think beyond each person’s circle of influence. Better solutions are impossible to avoid with integrated design. Buildings would no longer be engineered after the basic architecture was built. Positive project outcomes may include reduced air-conditioning load, reduced power use for electric lighting, and a reduction in the amount of materials used.

We need to ask if we are ready to look beyond our own small circles and seek an improved approach to building design. By that I mean an integrated design resulting in more sustainable buildings.

1.What's the author's attitude towards the open-door practice of the street shops?

A. Supportive.

B. Disapproving.

C. Optimistic.

D. Uncaring.

2.Why does the author suggest fixing ceiling fans?

A. To follow an old practice.

B. To help reduce energy use.

C. To completely replace air conditioners.

D. To help cut down on daily expenses.

3.What's the key to making sustainable buildings a reality?

A. All parties should get started at the same time.

B. The basic architecture should be finished first.

C. Proper design and performance to achieve energy reduction.

D. Seeking the small-house policy and some successful architects.

4.What would be the best title for the text?

A. Waste less, live better

B. Goodbye, air conditioning

C. How to reduce the energy cost

D. Green buildings call for integrated design

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

. When we think of communication, we ____ think of using words, talking face to face, writing messages, and so on.

高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

When we think of communication, we _____ think of using things, talking face to face, writing messages and so on.

高三英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析

“ New and improved. ” These words are put in so many marketing campaigns that we tend to accept them as linked. But many new drugs aren't an improvement over the best existing drug for a given condition, and the fast drug-approval processes in recent years have added to the uncertainty about their advantages.

A recent report in the British Medical Journal, "New Drugs: Where Did We Go Wrong and What Can We Do Better?, analysed the issue, The authors looked at 216 drugs approved between 2011 and 2017 ； 152 were newly developed, and 64 were existing medicine approved for new uses. Only 25% offered a major advantage over the established treatment, and fully 58% had no confirmed added benefit to reduce symptoms or improve health-related quality of life.

"This doesn’t mean there's no added benefit," lead author Wieseler said. “It just means we have no positive proof. Either we have no studies or have studies not good enough. ” Wieseler and her co-authors work for a German institute which evaluates new treatments and advises on whether the country's health care system should pay a premium ( 占)for them. Such organizations , known as health technology assessment ( HTA) agencies, work a little differently in the US, says Sean Tunis，a researcher in Baltimore: “ If payers think a new drug isn't better than an existing drug，these agencies will require .that hospitals try the cheaper drug first. ”

Germany's HTA demands trials to prove that a new treatment beats the existing standard. This isn't always practical For one thing, such studies can be expensive and time-consuming, with no guarantee of success. Secondly, it can discourage companies from attempting to develop new alternatives. This is already happening. Drug developers are increasingly focused on areas where there are no good treatments to compete with, such as rare diseases.

This lack of meaningful data to guide patients is a major point of Wieseler's paper- With accelerated approval, there are more products approved, with a greater amount of uncertainty about risks and benefits. But there are other solutions besides drug trials. One idea is to require postmarket studies to track the effectiveness of newly approved drugs—a step too often neglected.

1.What message does the recent report convey?

A.Many new drugs have no improved advantages.

B.The approval processes for new drugs are too fast.

C.Improved drugs have advantages over old ones.

D.Before 2017 no improvement was made to drugs.

2.What will US HTA agencies do when no advantage is found in new drugs?

A.Remove government premium on them.

B.Get hospitals to use the cheaper drugs.

C.Arrange financial support for the patients.

D.Put new drugs on further trials and studies.

3.What's the disadvantage of Germany's HTA trial demands?

A.Making drug companies think of illegal ways to cut cost.

B.Pushing companies to try alternatives for existing drugs.

C.Getting patients to depend on the government for support.

D.Holding companies back from improving existing drugs.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.The Advantage of Existing Drugs

B.Misunderstanding of New and Old Drugs

C.A Dilemma with New Drug Alternatives

D.Peopled Preference for New or Old Drugs

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析