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Television has changed the lifestyle of people in every industrialized country in the world. In the United States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.
Television, although not essential, has become an important part of most people’s lives. It alters people’s ways of seeing the world; in many ways, it supports and sustains (维持) modern life.
Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter of culture, and a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer; the poor quality of programming does not elevate (提高) people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.
The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs. Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible. To do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.
Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.
1.According to the author, American television is poor in quality because _________.
A. it is controlled by radio companies
B. the programs have to be developed partly for economic reasons
C. advertisers are interested in experimenting with new ideas
D. it is still at an early stage of development, compared with the radio
2.In the author’s view, American TV should _________.
A. be entertaining and attractive
B. reflect society and attract society
C. attract as many viewers as possible
D. change with the development of society
3.Based on the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. TV has become a must in the American’s life.
B. One can expect to improve his understanding significantly from watching TV.
C. American TV is important to most people as it affects their life in many ways.
D. American TV nowadays has some different standards from the past.
4.The author’s attitude towards American television is _________.
A. negative B. positive
C. indifferent D. sympathetic
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Television has changed the lifestyle of people in every industrialized country in the world. In theUnited States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.
Television, although not essential, has become an important part of most people’s lives. It alters people’s ways of seeing the world; in many ways, it supports and sustains (维持) modern life.
Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter of culture, and a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer; the poor quality of programming does not elevate (提高) people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.
The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs. Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible. To do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.[
Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization andstandards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.
1.According to the author, American television is poor in quality because _________.
A. it is controlled by radio companies
B. the programs have to be developed partly for economic reasons
C. advertisers are interested in experimenting with new ideas
D. it is still at an early stage of development, compared with the radio
2.In the author’s view, American TV should _________.
A. be entertaining and attractive
B. reflect society and attract society
C. maintain and encourage the life as it exists
D. change with the development of society
3.Based on the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. TV has become a must in the American’s life.
B. One can expect to improve his understanding significantly from watching TV.
C. American TV is important to most people as it affects their life in many ways.
D. American TV nowadays has some different standards from the past.
4.The author’s attitude towards American television is _________.
A. negative B. positive
C. indifferent D. sympathetic
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The novel behind the popular television drama In the Name of People has sold out in bookstores, 1. online and hard copies, around the nation. 2.(write) by Zhou Meisen and published in January, the 54-chapter novel 3.(focus) on Chinese politics and officialdom(官僚） in the ongoing campaign against corruption（腐败）.Audiences to the television version that consists of 55 episodes, have been drawn 4.(watch) the series by the tension, drama and struggle of characters featured. Since the TV 5.(adapt) has been a slow release, many viewers have bought a copy of the 6.(origin) book to get ahead. According to Baidu Index, a majority of readers are between 25 and 39, and those 7.(age) 30 to 39 cover 51 percent of the readership. Yet those 8. haven't got the book may find 9. difficult to buy the paper copy at present. And popularity of the book is 10. many sellers' expectation.
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Television has opened windows in everybody’s life. 55Millions of people now have seen the effects of a battle. And the result has been a general dislike of the war and perhaps more interest in helping those who suffer from all the terrible things that have been shown on the screen.
56The most distant areas can now follow state affairs, see and hear the politicians before an election. Better informed, people are more likely to vote, and so to make their opinion count.
57 Children do not have enough experience to realize that TV shows present an unreal world, that TV advertisements lie to sell products that are sometimes bad or useless. They believe and want to practice what they see. 58.
All educators agree that the “television generation” are more violent than their parents and grandparents. Also, the young are less patient. Used to TV shows, where everything is quick and interesting, they do not have the patience to read an article without pictures, t read a book that requires thinking, to listen to a teacher who doesn’t do funny things like the people on children’s programs. And they expect all problems to be solved happily in ten, fifteen , or thirty minutes. 59 .
| A．Unfortunately, television’s influence has been extremely harmful to the young. |
| B．Young men will never again go to war as they did in 1914. |
| C．That’s the time it takes on the screen. |
| D．They do believe that the violence they see is normal and acceptable. |
E. People have become used to crimes now.
F. Television has also changed politics.
G. In the past, many young people were willing to be soldiers.
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224. TV home shopping(电视直销) has changed the way of shopping and the ____ of people’s family life in some way.
| A．meaning | B．structure | C．pattern | D．Tense |
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Every person has the same 24 hours in their day. While the majority of people end up complaining about not having enough time, or there being too much to do, the most effective individuals always manage their time in such a way that they are able to accomplish what they feel they need to do. Peter Drucker wrote, “Time is the scarcest resource, and unless it is managed, nothing else can be managed.” There are many ways in which effective leaders can more effectively manage their time. Among them: beginning with a clear vision and setting goals that have a date attached to them; using an agenda for each day’s activities as well as for meetings, and so on.
Creating a practical vision permits a leader to focus clearly on his or her goals and what needs to be done. This must be accompanied by the ability to control oneself to slay on topic. By organizing his or her goals, a leader can better manage the various aspects of leading, and this will lead to taking action in a clear-cut, less wasteful manner. When goals have a date attached to them, it both subconsciously and consciously creates urgency and improves focus and efficiency. A true leader will then invent a plan to decide what would be better handled by staff and what needs to be handled and needs the leader’s personal attention and touch. By creating assignments and deadlines, there are clear-cut expectations and responsibilities, and for less time is wasted when this is done properly.
Leaders who understand the significance of sticking to an agenda always achieve more in less time. For example, most committee reports can and should be sent to attenders at meeting in advance for them to be able to review the contents, and the people in the meeting can then spend their time on implementation (执行), questions and so on, and not simply on reciting committee reports, which is largely wasteful. In addition, using an agenda gives an efficient flow to the meeting, avoiding much of the digression (离题) and repetitiveness. When leaders are organized, they are quite simply more productive. Although this may seem like a rather simple and obvious statement, the majority of those in leadership seem to lack that organizational ability.
1.Effective leaders are likely to manage their time by ________.
A.completing multiple tasks at a time B.arranging things in advance
C.taking action without hesitation D.making the most of free time
2.What is the benefit of a leader attaching a date to a goal?
A.It refreshes a leader’s memory. B.It helps complete other tasks easily.
C.It urges a leader to manage the leading. D.It improves the focus and productivity.
3.What is the best title for this passage?
A.How Leaders Efficiently Manage Time
B.How Committee Reports Should Be Done
C.Why Some People Become Leaders
D.Why leaders Should Have a Practical Vision
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1.The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy ________ (watch) anything that happened to be on.
2.All the school needs ________ (add) to its beauty is a tennis court.
3.To everyone’s delight, the design they had spent so much time on ________ (prove) to be a success.
4.I ________ (paint) my new flat all day. So look! How dirty I am! What I need most now is a good bath.
5.During this tragic wreck accident, women and children were the first ________ (get) into the lifeboats.
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(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy ________ anything that happened to be on.
A．to watch B．watching
C．watched D．to have watched
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The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy______ anything that happened to be on.
A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. to have watched
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In 2010, 700 million people huddled together in front of their television sets to watch the World Cup final between the Netherlands and Spain. Even more are expected to tune in to this year's contest, which kicks off on June 12th with a match between Brazil and Croatia in Sao Paulo. Brazil are the runaway favourites to win the tournament, with bookmakers offering odds of less than three to one on the home team winning the championship．Many experts agree that the country will benefit from a strong home advantage, as local crowds roar on the Seleqao．How much does playing on home turf fealty affect a team's performance?
Sports scientists have come up with all sorts of theories to explain why playing at home helps. In 2007 a study investigated the influence of crowd noise on referees in the English football Premier League. It showed that some were more likely to flash yellow cards and award penalties against touring players than the hosts, because they relied on the split-second rise in the home crowd's roar as a reminder to determine if a tackle deserved punishment. In the most recent season of the Spanish football Riga, two-thirds of all penalty kicks were awarded to the home team.
In the latest English football season, the top 20 clubs enjoyed a home success rate of 50%, while their victory rate on the road was 32%. In 12 of the past 19 World Cups the host nation has made it to the semi-finals and six times it has gone on to win. The effect can be seen in other sports too． A Before the start of the London Olympics in 2012, UK Sport, a government agency, studied the results of more than 100 big tournaments across 14 Olympic sports. B As it turned out, Britain bettered its 2008 performance by winning 18 more medals（10 of them gold), an improvement of 38% . C At the Beijing games, China won 59% more medals than it had done at the 2004 Athens games. D Russia topped the medal table in Sochi：in the previous winter Olympics it had come sixth．
Given these numbers, it is not surprising that teams have poured money into maximizing their home advantage. For example, Brazil has spent a considerable fortune on, if somewhat leisurely, a programme of stadium construction and renovation. In all its home advantage is worth the equivalent of a 0.6-goal headstart in every match, according to Goldman Sachs, an investment bank. Like most others, Goldman predicts that Brazil will triumph this year. Other countries' fans will have to hope for a miracle-and perhaps bid to stage the Cup on their own home turf next time.
1.What does "some" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Crowd noises. B. Referees.
C. Touring players. D. Host players.
2.Put the following sentence in the most appropriate place marked A, B, C, or D It predicted that the London home advantage would boost Britain's medal haul by as much as 25％．
3.What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Fans may raise their noise levels to cheer their teams up.
B. Brazil will win because of its strong ability.
C. It is a waste of time and effort for countries to hold sports games.
D. The visiting teams have a good chance of winning.