No one likes to make mistakes．But a new study...

No one likes to make mistakes. But a new study says organizations learn more from their failures than from their successes, and keep that knowledge longer.

One of the researchers was Vinit Desai, an assistant professor at the University of Colorado Denver Business School. He worked with Peter Madsen from the Marriott School of Management at Brigham Young University in Utah.

They did not find much long-term "organizational learning" from success. It is possible, they say. But Professor Desai says they found that knowledge gained from failure lasts for years. He says organizations should treat failures as a learning opportunity and not try to ignore them.

The study looked at companies and organizations that launch satellites and other space vehicles. Professor Desai compared two shuttle flights. In two thousand two, a piece of insulating (隔热的) material broke off during launch and damaged a rocket on the Atlantis. Still the flight was considered a success. Then in early two thousand three, a piece of insulation struck the Columbia during launch. This time, the shuttle broke apart on re-entry and the seven crew members died. NASA officials suspended all flights and an investigation led to suggested changes.

Professor Desai says the search for solutions after a failure can make leaders more open-minded. He points to air-lines as an example of an industry that has learned from failures in the past. He advises organizations to look for useful information in small failures and failures they avoided. He also urges leaders to encourage the open sharing of information. The study appeared in the Academy of management Journal.

The mistakes we learn from do not have to be our own. We recently asked people on our Facebook page to tell us a time they had done something really silly. Fabricio Cmino wrote: Not long ago I wanted to watch TV, but it wouldn't turn on, so I did everything I could to start it. Thirty minutes later my mum showed up and, passing by, said to me "Did you try plugging it?" "I'm just dusting, Mum!" So she wouldn’t notice how dumb I am sometimes!

Bruno Kanieski da Silva told about a time he looked everywhere for his key. It was in his pocket. He wrote: I always promise I will never do it again, but after a few weeks, where is my wallet? For sure it will be in a very logical place.

1.What we get from failure differs from that from success is that ________.

A. what we learn from failure is more powerful

B. what we learn from success does no good to us

C. the knowledge gained from failure is important

D. the knowledge gained from failure lasts longer

2.From the passage, we can infer that ________.

A. the insulating material problem in 2002 didn't arouse enough attention

B. there were no astronauts on Columbia

C. in spite of the problem, Atlantis was considered a success

D. Columbia exploded during its launch time

3.The writer gives the last two paragraphs to show that ________.

A. many people make mistakes in the world

B. mistakes were a very embarrassing thing when found by others

C. we can also draw a lesson from others’ mistakes

D. making mistakes was a necessity

4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Only organizations can learn from mistakes.

B. Failure may result from faults that have been ignored.

C. Lessons from the shuttle flights are more important.

D. Leaders often lack an open mind and seldom share information.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

No one likes to make mistakes. But a new study says organizations learn more from their failures than from their successes, and keep that knowledge longer.

One of the researchers was Vinit Desai, an assistant professor at the University of Colorado Denver Business School. He worked with Peter Madsen from the Marriott School of Management at Brigham Young University in Utah.

They did not find much long-term "organizational learning" from success. It is possible, they say. But Professor Desai says they found that knowledge gained from failure lasts for years. He says organizations should treat failures as a learning opportunity and not try to ignore them.

The study looked at companies and organizations that launch satellites--and other space vehicles. Professor Desai compared two shuttle flights.

In two thousand two, a piece of insulating(隔热的) material broke off during launch and damaged a rocket on the Atlantis. Still, the flight was considered a success.

Then, in early two thousand three, a piece of insulation struck the Columbia during launch. This time, the shuttle broke apart on re-entry and the seven crew members died. NASA officials suspended all flights and an investigation led to suggested changes.

Professor Desai says the search for solutions after a failure can make leaders more open-minded. He points to airlines as an example of an industry that has learned from failures in the past.

He advises organizations to look for useful information in small failures and failures they avoided. He also urges leaders to encourage the open sharing of information. The study appeared in the Academy of Management Journal.

The mistakes we learn from do not have to be our own. We recently asked people on our Facebook page to tell us a time they had done something really silly.

Fabricio Cmino wrote: Not long ago I wanted to watch TV, but it wouldn't turn on, so I did everything I could to start it. Thirty minutes later my mum showed up and, passing by, said to me "Did you try plugging it'? I’m just dusting, Mum!”So she wouldn't notice how dumb I am sometimes!

Bruno Kanieski da Silva told about a time he looked everywhere for his key. It was in his pocket. He wrote: I always promise I will never do it again, but after-a few weeks,where is my wallet? For sure it will be in a very logical place.

1.What we get from failure differs from that from success in that_______.

A. what we learn from failure is more powerful

B. what we learn from success does no good to us

C. the knowledge gained from failure is important for a company

D. the knowledge gained from failure lasts longer

2.From the passage, we can infer that________.

A. The insulating material problem in 2002 didn't arouse enough attention

B. There were no astronauts on Columbia

C. In spite of the problem, Atlantis was considered a success

D. Columbia exploded during its launch time

3.The writer gives the last two paragraphs to show that________.

A. many people make mistakes in the world

B. mistakes were a very embarrassing thing when found by others

C. we can also draw a lesson from others' mistakes

D. making mistakes was a necessity

4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Only organizations can learn from mistakes

B. We can also learn from failures that have been avoided.

C. Lessons from the shuttle flights are more important.

D. Leaders often lack an open mind and seldom share information.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

No one likes to make mistakes．But a new study says organizations learn more from their failures than from their successes，and keep that knowledge longer．

One of the researchers was Vinit Desai，an assistant professor at the University of Colorado Denver Business School．He worked with Peter Madsen from the Marriott School of Management at Brigham Young University in Utah．

They did not find much long-term "organizational learning" from success．It is possible，they say．But Professor Desai says they found that knowledge gained from failure lasts for years．He says organizations should treat failures as a learning opportunity and not try to ignore them．

The study looked at companies and organizations that launch satellites--and other space vehicles．Professor Desai compared two shuttle flights．

In two thousand two，a piece of insulating(隔热的) material broke off during launch and damaged a rocket on the Atlantis．Still，the flight was considered a success．

Then，in early two thousand three，a piece of insulation struck the Columbia during launch．This time，the shuttle broke apart on re-entry and the seven crew members died．NASA officials suspended all flights and an investigation led to suggested changes．

Professor Desai says the search for solutions after a failure can make leaders more open-minded．He points to airlines as an example of an industry that has learned from failures in the past．

He advises organizations to look for useful information in small failures and failures they avoided．He also urges leaders to encourage the open sharing of information．The study appeared in the Academy of Management Journal．

The mistakes we learn from do not have to be our own．We recently asked people on our Facebook page to tell us a time they had done something really silly．

Fabricio Cmino wrote: Not long ago I wanted to watch TV，but it wouldn't turn on，so I did everything I could to start it．Thirty minutes later my mum showed up and，passing by，said to me "Did you try plugging it'? I’m just dusting，Mum!”So she wouldn't notice how dumb I am sometimes!

Bruno Kanieski da Silva told about a time he looked everywhere for his key．It was in his pocket．He wrote: I always promise I will never do it again，but after-a few weeks,where is my wallet? For sure it will be in a very logical place．

1.What we get from failure differs from that from success in that_______．

A． what we learn from failure is more powerful

B． what we learn from success does no good to us

C． the knowledge gained from failure is important for a company

D． the knowledge gained from failure lasts longer

2.From the passage，we can infer that________．

A． The insulating material problem in 2002 didn't arouse enough attention

B． There were no astronauts on Columbia

C． In spite of the problem，Atlantis was considered a success

D． Columbia exploded during its launch time

3.The writer gives the last two paragraphs to show that________．

A． many people make mistakes in the world

B． mistakes were a very embarrassing thing when found by others

C． we can also draw a lesson from others' mistakes

D． making mistakes was a necessity

4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A． Only organizations can learn from mistakes

B． We can also learn from failures that have been avoided．

C． Lessons from the shuttle flights are more important．

D． Leaders often lack an open mind and seldom share information．

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

No one is sure how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids near Cairo. But a new study suggests they used a little rock ‘n’ roll. Long-ago builders could have attached wooden poles to the stones and rolled them across the sand, the scientists say.

“Technically, I think what they’re proposing is possible,” physicist Daniel Bonn said.

People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks. And there’s no obvious answer. On average, each of the two million big stones weighed about as much as a large pickup truck. The Egyptians somehow moved the stone blocks to the pyramid site from about one kilometer away.

The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths. Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds(滑板). Then they would have dragged them along paths. To make the work easier, workers may have lubricated the paths either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle. Bonn has now tested this idea by building small sleds and dragging heavy objects over sand.

Evidence from the sand supports this idea. Researchers found small amounts of fat, as well as a large amount of stone and the remains of paths.

However, physicist Joseph West thinks there might have been a simpler way, who led the new study. West said, “I was inspired while watching a television program showing how sleds might have helped with pyramid construction. I thought, ‘Why don’t they just try rolling the things?’ ”A square could be turned into a rough sort of wheel by attaching wooden poles to its sides, he realized. That, he notes, should make a block of stone “a lot easier to roll than a square”.

So he tried it.

He and his students tied some poles to each of four sides of a 30-kilogram stone block. That action turned the block into somewhat a wheel. Then they placed the block on the ground.

They wrapped one end of a rope around the block and pulled. The researchers found they could easily roll the block along different kinds of paths. They calculated that rolling the block required about as much force as moving it along a slippery(滑的) path.

West hasn’t tested his idea on larger blocks, but he thinks rolling has clear advantages over sliding. At least, workers wouldn’t have needed to carry cattle fat or water to smooth the paths.

1.It’s widely believed that the stone blocks were moved to the pyramid site by 　　　　 .

A. rolling them on roads B. pushing them over the sand

C. sliding them on smooth paths D. dragging them on some poles

2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refer to?

A. Rolling the blocks with poles attached.

B. Rolling the blocks on wooden wheels.

C. Rolling poles to move the blocks.

D. Rolling the blocks with fat.

3.Why is rolling better than sliding according to West?

A. Because more force is needed for sliding.

B. Because rolling work can be done by fewer cattle.

C. Because sliding on smooth roads is more dangerous.

D. Because less preparation on paths is needed for rolling.

4.What is the text mainly about?

A. An experiment on ways of moving blocks to the pyramid site.

B. An application of the method of moving blocks to the pyramid site.

C. An argument about different methods of moving blocks to the pyramid site.

D. An introduction to a possible new way of moving blocks to the pyramid site.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

No one is sure how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids near Cairo．But a new study suggests they used a little rock’n’roll．Long ago builders could have attached wooden poles to the stones and rolled them across the sand，the scientists say．

“Technically，I think what they’re proposing is possible．”physicist Daniel Bonn said．

People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks．And there’s no obvious answer．On average，each of the two million big stones weighed about as much as a large pickup truck．The Egyptians somehow moved the stone blocks to the pyramid site from about one kilometer away．

The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths．Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds．Then they would have dragged them along paths．To make the work easier，workers may have lubricated the paths either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle．Bonn has now tested this idea by building small sleds and dragging heavy objects over sand．

Evidence from the sand supports this idea．Researchers found small amounts of fat，as well as a large amount of stone and the remains of paths．

However，phyficmt Josepn West thought there might have been a simpler way，who led the new study．West said，“I was inspired while watching a television program showing how sleds might have helped with pyramid construction．I thought，“Why don’t they just try rolling the things?”A square could be turned into a rough sort of wheel by attaching wooden poles to its sides，he realized．That，he noted，should make a block of stone“a lot easier to roll than a square”．

So he tried it．

He and his students tied some poles to each of four sides of a 30-kilogram stone block．That action turned the block into somewhat a wheel．Then they placed the block on the ground．

They wrapped one end of a rope around the block and pulled．The researchers found they could easily roll the block along different kinds of paths．They calculated that rolling the block required about as much force as moving it along a slippery path．

West hasn’t tested his idea on larger blocks，but he thinks rolling has clear advantages over sliding．At least，workers wouldn’t have needed to carry cattle fat or water to smooth the paths．

1.It’s widely believed that the stone blocks were moved to the pyramid site by______．

A. rolling them on roads　　 B. pushing them over the sand

C. sliding them on smooth paths　　 D. dragging them on some poles、

2.The underlined part“lubricated the paths”in Paragraph 4 means“_______”．

A. made the paths wet　　 B. made the paths slippery

C. made the paths wide　　 D. made the paths hard

3.Why is rolling better than sliding according to West?

A. Because more force is needed for sliding．

B. Because less preparation on paths is needed for rolling．

C. Because sliding on smooth roads is more dangerous．

D. Because rolling work can be done by fewer cattle．

4.What is the text mainly about?

A. An experiment on ways of moving blocks to the pyramid site．

B. An application of the method of moving blocks to the pyramid site．

C. An argument about different methods of moving blocks to the pyramid site．

D. An introduction to a possible new way of moving blocks to the pyramid site．

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

No one is sure how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids near Cairo. But a new study suggests they used a little rock ‘n’ roll. Long-ago builders could have attached wooden poles to the stones and rolled them across the sand, the scientists say.

“Technically, I think what they’re proposing is possible,” physicist Daniel Bonn said.

People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks. And there’s no obvious answer. On average, each of the two million big stones weighed about as much as a large pickup truck. The Egyptians somehow moved the stone blocks to the pyramid site from about one kilometer away.

The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths. Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds(滑板). Then they would have dragged them along paths. To make the work easier, workers may have lubricated the paths either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle. Bonn has now tested this idea by building small sleds and dragging heavy objects over sand.

Evidence from the sand supports this idea.Researchers found small amounts of fat, as well as a large amount of stone and the remains of paths.

However, physicist Joseph West thinks there might have been a simpler way, who led the new study. West said, “I was inspired while watching a television program showing how sleds might have helped with pyramid construction. I thought, ‘Why don’t they just try rolling the things?’ ” A square could be turned into a rough sort of wheel by attaching wooden poles to its sides, he realized. That, he notes, should make a block of stone “a lot easier to roll than a square”.

So he tried it .

He and his students tied some poles to each of four sides of a 30-kilogram stone block. That action turned the block into somewhat a wheel. Then they placed the block on the ground.

They wrapped one end of a rope around the block and pulled.The researchers found they could easily roll the block along different kinds of paths. They calculated that rolling the block required about as much force as moving it along a slippery(滑的)path.

West hasn’t tested his idea on larger blocks, but he thinks rolling has clear advantages over sliding. At least, workers wouldn’t have needed to carry cattle fat or water to smooth the paths.

1.It’s widely believed that the stone blocks were moved to the pyramid site by ______.

A. rolling them on roads　　 B. pushing them over the sand

C. dragging them on some poles　　 D. sliding them on smooth paths

2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refer to?

A. Rolling the blocks with poles attached.

B. Rolling the blocks on wooden wheels.

C. Rolling poles to move the blocks.

D. Rolling the blocks with fat.

3.Why is rolling better than sliding according to West?

A. Because more force is needed for sliding.

B. Because rolling work can be done by fewer cattle.

C. Because sliding on smooth roads is more dangerous.

D. Because less preparation on paths is needed for rolling.

4.What is the text mainly about?

A. An application of the method of moving blocks to the pyramid site.

B. An experiment on ways of moving blocks to the pyramid site.

C. An argument about different methods of moving blocks to the pyramid site.

D. An introduction to a possible new way of moving blocks to the pyramid site.

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

The old romantic saying is a cute one, but according to recent studies, opposites don't necessarily attract.

Research shows that people tend to seek out relationships with—and eventually marry — partners who have similar defining characteristics, such as age, political orientation, religion, education, and income.

“ Generally speaking, when we think about opposites attracting or not, we're thinking in terms of personality rather than these big key factors," says Vinita Mehta, a clinical psychologist and writer based in Washington, D. C.

One big factor as to why this may be is simply your stage of life: where you live, what lifestyle you have, and what kind of people you're exposed to.

“ If you’re on a college campus, by and large，you’re going to find people who are in your age group,'' Mehta says. "You're going to find people who at least eventually become part of the same general income strata. ”

Researchers from the University of Kansas made a courageous claim. A study released earlier this year analyzed real-world relationships and asked couples (romantic partners, friends, and acquaintances) about attitudes, behaviors, values, prejudices, and personality characteristics that were important to them. The pairs that had closer and more intimate relationships were not necessarily more similar than newly formed pairs, and people shared similarities on almost every personal issue that was measured.

The lead psychologists on this study believe this doesn't happen by chance ； it's so common and widespread that seeking out like-minded people may be our psychological default when we make new friends or romantic partners. We certainly get the most out of these relationships. They make us more comfortable and trusting of the other person, and that makes it easier to cooperate and achieve goals.

As far personalities go, connecting on major characteristics, like levels of neuroticism (神经质)and conscientiousness, generally lead to happier couples. But that doesn't mean you and your significant other need to agree on everything. Having different habits——fewer defining parts of your personality, like your favorite sport or foods---can introduce you to new activities and ways of thinking, which can make you a more well-rounded person.

1.What does the underlined word " strata" in Paragraph 5 probably mean?

A.Factors. B.Levels. C.Resources. D.Taxes.

2.The research conducted by the University of Kansas implies that _______.

A.the phenomenon takes place accidentally

B.the subjects have almost everything in common

C.the participants were asked questions about their partners

D.the similarity between partners may not change with closer relationship

3.In the last paragraph, the author stresses that a happier couple may _______.

A.have some differences

B.have everything in common

C.share the same personalities

D.result from the conflict in thinking

4.What is the main purpose of the passage?

A.To find out what stage of life we are in.

B.To prove we are attracted to what is familiar.

C.To show what kind of people we should make friends with.

D.To introduce the advantages like-minded people can bring to us.

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

You can ask him again if you like, but it won’t make any ________ --- he’ll still say no.

A．adjustment     B．difference     C．contribution   D．decision

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

The candles we make at Wax Buffalo are imperfect-"beautifully imperfect''，as we like to say. one is unique, hand-poured (手工灌注的)with pure soy wax (大豆蜡). It's a small business 1 started, and everyone who enjoy, working here comes into the studio in free time, so they can be home with their family, cats, dogs at prime times.

I first fell in love with candles on visits to my grandmother Feme's house in Lincoln. At night, candlelight flashed off the book-lined walls. During the day, she'd take me to a cafe in the historic Haymarket district and we'd drink tea out of china cups.

I poured my first candle at the age of 14, using the candle-making tool that Feme had given me. I gave the finished product to my grandmother for Christmas. She loved that candle I'd made for her. That first candle was imperfect. Beautifully imperfect・

Then in 2014. life took a dark turn for my grandmother. The breast cancer took away her life. I found myself thinking about the candle-making tool she had given me as a 14-year-old kid and the joy it had brought me. I began pouring candles again, making them for friends. Because of kids' health. I'd become especially interested in natural products. I used locally sourced soy wax. Was there a way I could make candles for people beyond my group of friends? And so, Christmas of that year, Wax Buffalo was launched. Little by little, the business grew as we found more people who wanted our candles. Now our candles are sold in more than 60 shops across the country.

Isn't life wonderful? Indeed, it is beautifully imperfect. But it hasn't turned out at all how I'd have predicted. I think that's what Ferne wanted me to understand. To trust the light of hope, to enjoy fun in its light, to know that it can transform a person from within.

1.What may be one of the advantages of working in Wax Buffalo?

A.Relaxing task. B.High payment

C.Flexible time D.Imperfect conditions.

2.When did the author probably start her business

A.After she turned 14.

B.After her grandmother died.

C.After she visited Ferne's house.

D.After her grandmother sent her candle making tool.

3.Why did the author use soy wax?

A.To make harmless candles B.To make candles look better.

C.To save the cost of production. D.To improve the figures of candles

4.What can be inferred from the text?

A.Imperfection exists everywhere. B.Life takes off from a dark turn.

C.Life can be predicted somehow D.Being hopeful about life is important.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

28．You can ask him again if you like，but it won’t make any __________he will still say no．

高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析