New research, attempting to throw light upon how male and female brains differ, has found that timing is everything. American Vanderbilt University researchers Stephen Camarata and Richard Woodcock discovered that females have a significant advantage over males in timed tests and tasks. The study involved more than 8,000 males and females ranging in age from 2 to 90 from across the US.
“We found hardly any differences in overall intelligence. But we discovered that females performed better than men in time limited situations,” Camarata said, “It is very important for teachers to understand this difference in males and females when it comes to assigning work and tests.”
Many males can do a better job without strict time limits, added Camarata.
“Consider that many classroom activities, including testing, are directly or indirectly related to processing speed,” the researchers wrote in their report. “The higher performance in females may contribute to a classroom culture that favors females, not because of teacher bias(偏见)but because of inherent(与生俱来的)differences in gender processing speeds.”
The researchers found that males scored lower than females in all age groups in tests measuring processing speed. However, the study also found that males consistently outperformed females in some language abilities, such as identifying objects and knowing antonyms(反义词)and synonyms(同义词). The research contradicts the popular belief that girls develop all communication skills earlier than boys.
The researchers found no significant overall intelligence differences between males and females in any age groups.
“We believe there are fundamental differences in how male and female brains end up getting organized,” Camarata said, “Our next studies will give us some insight into where these processing differences are occurring.”
1.The new research referred to in the passage is intended to ________.
A. find whether age has something to do with people's intelligence
B. help teachers to assign work and arrange tests for students
C. find what's the differences between male and female brains
D. prove the differences in processing speed between males and females
2.The underlined word “outperformed” in the fifth paragraph probably means “________”.
A. to achieve better results than someone
B. to perform worse in some aspect than someone
C. to do something as well as someone
D. to be not so good at something as someone
3.People usually believe that ________.
A. there're hardly any differences between males' and females' overall intelligence
B. teachers favor girl students instead of boy students in schools
C. girls develop their language skills earlier than boys
D. females have a significant advantage over males in all subjects
4.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The researchers interviewed more than 8,000 males and females all over the world.
B. Generally speaking, males can do better jobs with strict time limits than females.
C. Females scored higher than males in any age groups in any situations.
D. The differences in gender processing speeds occur when people are born.
5.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. The researchers will continue to study how the gender differences in timing occur.
B. A female mathematician will make greater achievements than a male one.
C. School teachers have already known about these processing differences before.
D. If a girl has a higher processing speed than a boy, she must be more intelligent than him.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
New research, attempting to throw light upon how male and female brains differ, has found that timing is everything. American Vanderbilt University researchers Stephen Camarata and Richard Woodcock discovered that females have a significant advantage over males in timed tests and tasks. The study involved more than 8,000 males and females ranging in age from 2 to 90 from across the US.
“We found hardly any differences in overall intelligence. But we discovered that females performed better than men in time limited situations,” Camarata said, “It is very important for teachers to understand this difference in males and females when it comes to assigning work and tests.”
Many males can do a better job without strict time limits, added Camarata.
“Consider that many classroom activities, including testing, are directly or indirectly related to processing speed,” the researchers wrote in their report. “The higher performance in females may contribute to a classroom culture that favors females, not because of teacher bias(偏见)but because of inherent(与生俱来的)differences in gender processing speeds.”
The researchers found that males scored lower than females in all age groups in tests measuring processing speed. However, the study also found that males consistently outperformed females in some language abilities, such as identifying objects and knowing antonyms(反义词)and synonyms(同义词). The research contradicts the popular belief that girls develop all communication skills earlier than boys.
The researchers found no significant overall intelligence differences between males and females in any age groups.
“We believe there are fundamental differences in how male and female brains end up getting organized,” Camarata said, “Our next studies will give us some insight into where these processing differences are occurring.”
1.The new research referred to in the passage is intended to ________.
A. find whether age has something to do with people's intelligence
B. help teachers to assign work and arrange tests for students
C. find what's the differences between male and female brains
D. prove the differences in processing speed between males and females
2.The underlined word “outperformed” in the fifth paragraph probably means “________”.
A. to achieve better results than someone
B. to perform worse in some aspect than someone
C. to do something as well as someone
D. to be not so good at something as someone
3.People usually believe that ________.
A. there're hardly any differences between males' and females' overall intelligence
B. teachers favor girl students instead of boy students in schools
C. girls develop their language skills earlier than boys
D. females have a significant advantage over males in all subjects
4.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The researchers interviewed more than 8,000 males and females all over the world.
B. Generally speaking, males can do better jobs with strict time limits than females.
C. Females scored higher than males in any age groups in any situations.
D. The differences in gender processing speeds occur when people are born.
5.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. The researchers will continue to study how the gender differences in timing occur.
B. A female mathematician will make greater achievements than a male one.
C. School teachers have already known about these processing differences before.
D. If a girl has a higher processing speed than a boy, she must be more intelligent than him.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The recent research attempts to________the effectiveness of different drugs used for the new virus.
A. cover B. guarantee C. estimate D. evaluate
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Cooking together gives us a chance to relax and _______ each other's days.
A.throw light on B.catch up on C.keep contact with D.set foot in
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
In an attempt to win back old customers, restaurants and companies often introduce new menu items or new flavors. Most of these are successful with customers because they have always been researched and tested by companies before they meet the public. However, there are still some that are so unpopular with customers and they fail so badly as a product that they become infamous.
One of the most well-known marketing failures happened in 1985 with New Coke, a soft drink created to replace the original Coca-Cola flavor. The Coca-Cola Company tested several new flavors and found that people always preferred a sweeter soda. As a result, the CEO decided that the sweeter soda would replace the original Coca-Cola drink.
Many customers, however, soon started to express their dissatisfaction with the new drink. The Coca-Cola Company received over 1,500 angry telephone calls every day. The Coca-Cola Company actually employed special experts to talk to customers because they were so angry and sad about the change. Some Americans were buying old Coca-Cola drinks from overseas where the new drink had not yet been introduced. And in some parts of America people were so angry that they emptied bottles of New Coke into the street.
So many people were unhappy with Coca-Cola’s new drink that the company decided only three months later to return to the old Coca-Cola drink. On July 10,1985, the Coca-Cola Company said that it would bring back the old Coke and rename the drink “Coca-Cola Classic” or “Coke Classic”. Thousands of customers phoned the company to express their support.
Even today, business experts are interested in this case. Even though the Coca-Cola Company had carefully tested and experimented with New Coke before introducing it to customers, the New drink was still very unpopular. So, what did Coca-Cola do wrong? It seems the company simply did not understand customers’ deep historical and emotional attachment to the drink.
1.Why do companies usually introduce new menu items?
A.To attract past customers.
B.To attract new customers.
C.To attract elderly customers.
D.To attract customers with special needs.
2.What is the difference between New Coke and the original one?
A.New Coke is sweeter.
B.New Coke is more acidic.
C.New Coke’s color is lighter.
D.New Coke’s bottle is bigger.
3.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A.Why New Coke failed in America.
B.The harm New Coke did to people’ s health.
C.How customers acted in answer to the introduction of New Coke.
D.The comparison between sales of New Coke and the original one.
4.When was New Coke put on the market?
A.In May 1985. B.In April 1985.
C.In June 1985. D.In July 1985.
5.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?
A.The reasons why New Coke succeeded overseas.
B.The history of the Coca-Cola Company in the 1990s.
C.The difference between New Coke and Coke Classic.
D.The importance of people’s feelings about old products.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Parents are often amazed at how fast their child grows and develops. New research has determined that the ability to quantify may develop much sooner than most parents realize.
Kristy vanMarle, professor of the University of Missouri, has determined that contrary to what previous studies have shown, infants(婴儿)are able to quantify substances(物质)—like sand or water—as early as 10 months. As long as the difference between the two substances is large enough, infants will choose the larger amount, especially when it comes to food.
With the assistance of her team researchers, vanMarle tested the quantifying skills of babies by presenting them with two cups: one containing a small amount of food, and one containing a larger amount. Consistently, the babies chose the larger amount.
“Several studies throughout the last 15 years have shown that infants are very good at telling how many objects they see; however, infants don’t seem to count things like water or sand,” vanMarle said. “What we’re saying is that they can quantify substances; The infants can see how much food goes into each cup and compare that in their memories. They decide which amount is larger, and they almost always select the larger one.”
This information further refutes(驳斥)the long-held idea that babies “know nothing of the world,” vanMarle said.
“Since psychologists have begun studying infants with sensitive measures, we’ve discovered a lot of early abilities. I think for parents, it should be exciting to know that there’s somebody there that has some fundamental and basic knowledge of the world, and that knowledge is guiding their development,” vanMarle said.
In the future, vanMarle says this kind of study could be linked to a child’s progress in math-related skills, although programs marketed to increase those abilities, such as “Baby Einstein,” still have mixed reviews when it comes to academic study.
1.Babies choose the larger amount of food ________.
A.by saying numbers B.with the help of parents
C.on personal preference D.through their natural abilities
2.The quantifying ability refers to the ability to ________.
A.choose between different substances
B.get much knowledge of the world
C.describe the quantity of something
D.obtain math-related skills
3.What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4?
A.The process of doing research.
B.The scientific findings.
C.The final choice of infants.
D.The observation of infants’ behavior.
4.We can learn from the text that ________.
A.some parents don’t care about their kids
B.people used to think the world is known to babies
C.little research has been done on infants
D.scholars disagree on baby-training programs
5.What’s the best title of the text?
A.Breakthrough in Baby Studies
B.Amazing Baby-training Ideas
C.Early Human Abilities
D.Unique Quantifying Methods
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Parents are often amazed at how fast their child grows and develops. New research has determined that the ability to quantify may develop much sooner than most parents realize.
Kristy vanMarle, professor of the University of Missouri, has determined that contrary to what previous studies have shown, infants(婴儿)are able to quantify substances(物质)—like sand or water—as early as 10 months. As long as the difference between the two substances is large enough, infants will choose the larger amount, especially when it comes to food.
With the assistance of her team researchers, vanMarle tested the quantifying skills of babies by presenting them with two cups: one containing a small amount of food, and one containing a larger amount. Consistently, the babies chose the larger amount.
“Several studies throughout the last 15 years have shown that infants are very good at telling how many objects they see; however, infants don’t seem to count things like water or sand,” vanMarle said. “What we’re saying is that they can quantify substances; it’s just much harder. The infants can see how much food goes into each cup and compare that in their memories. They decide which amount is larger, and they almost always select the larger one.”
“This information further refutes(驳斥)the long-held idea that babies “know nothing of the world,” vanMarle said.
“Since psychologists have begun studying infants with sensitive measures, we’ve discovered a lot of early abilities. I think for parents, it should be exciting to know that there’s somebody in there that has some fundamental and basic knowledge of the world, and that knowledge is guiding their development,” vanMarle said.
In the future, vanMarle says this kind of study could be linked to a child’s progress in math-related skills, although programs marketed to increase those abilities, such as “Baby Einstein,” still have mixed reviews when it comes to academic study.
1.The quantifying ability refers to the ability to ________.
A. get much knowledge of the world
B. identify the quantity of something
C. choose between different substances
D. obtain math-related skills
2.Babies choose the larger amount of food ________.
A. on personal preference B. by saying numbers
C. with the help of parents D. through their natural abilities
3.We can learn from the text that ________.
A. people used to think the world is known to babies
B. scholars disagree on baby-training programs
C. little research has been done on infants
D. some parents don’t care about their kids
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Parents are often amazed at how fast their child grows and develops. New research has determined that the ability to quantify may develop much sooner than most parents realize.
Kristy vanMarle, professor of the University of Missouri, has determined that contrary to what previous studies have shown, infants(婴儿)are able to quantify substances(物质)—like sand or water—as early as 10 months. As long as the difference between the two substances is large enough, infants will choose the larger amount, especially when it comes to food.
With the assistance of her team researchers, vanMarle tested the quantifying skills of babies by presenting them with two cups: one containing a small amount of food, and one containing a larger amount. Consistently, the babies chose the larger amount.
“Several studies throughout the last 15 years have shown that infants are very good at telling how many objects they see; however, infants don’t seem to count things like water or sand,” vanMarle said. “What we’re saying is that they can quantify substances; it’s just much harder. The infants can see how much food goes into each cup and compare that in their memories. They decide which amount is larger, and they almost always select the larger one.”
This information further refutes(驳斥)the long-held idea that babies “know nothing of the world,” vanMarle said.
“Since psychologists have begun studying infants with sensitive measures, we’ve discovered a lot of early abilities. I think for parents, it should be exciting to know that there’s somebody in there that has some fundamental and basic knowledge of the world, and that knowledge is guiding their development,” vanMarle said.
In the future, vanMarle says this kind of study could be linked to a child’s progress in math-related skills, although programs marketed to increase those abilities, such as “Baby Einstein,” still have mixed reviews when it comes to academic study.
1.The quantifying ability refers to the ability to ________.
A. choose between different substances
B. get much knowledge of the world
C. describe the quantity of something
D. obtain math-related skills
2. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4?
A. The process of doing research.
B. The scientific findings.
C. The final choice of infants.]
D. The observation of infants’ behavior.
3.Babies choose the larger amount of food ________.
A. by saying numbers B. with the help of parents
C. on personal preference D. through their natural abilities
4.We can learn from the text that ________.
A. some parents don’t care about their kids
B. people used to think the world is known to babies
C. little research has been done on infants
D. scholars disagree on baby-training programs
5. What’s the best title of the text?
A. Breakthrough in Baby Studies
B. Amazing Baby-training Ideas
C. Early Human Abilities
D. Unique Quantifying Methods
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
New research has revealed that which song drivers listen to can influence how safe they are on the roads.Among the top ten safest songs to drive to are Come Away With Me by Norah Jones,I Don't Want to Miss a Thing by Aerosmith and Tiny Dancer by Elton John.Each of the songs has an optimum tempo(最佳节奏) for safe driving,imitating the human heartbeat at around 60 to 80 beats per minute.The Scientist by Coldplay and Justin Timberlake's Cry Me a River also appeared in the top 10.
The study,conducted at London Metropolitan University,also revealed the type of songs that cause motorists to drive dangerously.Unsurprisingly,music that is noisy increases a driver's heart rate,which can be deadly.Fast beats cause excitement that can lead people to concentrate more on the music than on the road and to speed up to match the beat of the song.Styles of music were also measured during the experiment and revealed differences between male and female drivers.Hiphop made a female driver drive far more aggressively,speeding up faster than male driver.The heavy metal music caused the fastest driving among males in the group while the dance music had the same effect among women.The male and female drivers who listened to the classical music drove the most irregularly.
The experiment involved eight people driving 500 miles each using the confused.com MotorMate app,which monitored driving behaviors through GPS technology.
1.What's the main idea of the whole passage?
A.Songs that drivers prefer to listen to on their way.
B.A study made by the confused.com MotorMate app.
C.What kind of songs the drivers should choose to listen to during driving.
D.Female drivers and male drives have different responses to the same music.
2.The underlined word “monitored” in the last paragraph means________.
A.controlled B.banned C.modeled D.showed
3..Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.Tiny Dancer by Elton John appeared in the top 10.
B.Usually human hearts beat at around 60 to 80 beats per minute.
C.The classical music makes most drivers drive comfortably and safely.
D.The passage reveals appropriate music and improper music for drivers.
4.If there is another paragraph in the end of the passage,the author may mention________.
A.female and male drivers' popular tastes of music
B.how did the study carry out
C.why fast beat music is harmful to drivers
D.some music with optimum tempo for driver to enjoy
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Babies teach their older brothers and sisters empathy(移情), according to a new research. Empathy means understanding and entering others’ feelings. Until now, younger kids have generally been regarded to learn plenty from their older brothers or sisters but don’t give back much. But this study, published in Child Development confirms that younger siblings(兄弟姐妹)ensure their big brothers and sisters don’t grow into disgusting people—no easy task.
“Although it’s assumed that older siblings and parents are the primary socializing influences on younger siblings’ development but not vice versa, we found that both younger and older siblings positively contributed to each other’s empathy over time,” study co-author Marc Jambon said in a statement. Prior sibling studies have focused on the influence of older brothers and sisters, probably because their impact is most obvious. As one review of literature notes, studies have shown that older siblings influence everything from their younger siblings’ motor development to their risk of smoking later in life. And although separated studies have tried to pin down effects that younger siblings have on their older siblings, the influence of baby brothers and sisters remains unclear.
For this new study, Jambon and his colleagues recruited(招募)a diverse group of 452 Canadian sibling pairs between the ages of 18 months and four years. At the start of the study, individual researchers assessed children’s baseline empathy levels by visiting the kids at home and then pretending to hurt themselves or break a valuable item. Eighteen months later, they found small but significant increases in empathy.
One unexpected exception—older sisters did not appear to experience increased empathy after 18 months living with their little brothers, specifically. The researchers aren’t sure why this exception appeared, and they recommend that future studies dive into more complex phenomena.
1.What has been found in the new research?
A. Young kids could show more sympathy on others.
B. Young siblings know more about empathy than the older.
C. Younger siblings could contribute to their older ones’ empathy.
D. Younger kids can learn a lot from their older brothers or sisters.
2.What does Marc Jambon say about kids’ empathy development?
A. Siblings influence each other in a positive way.
B. Parents play a more important role than teachers.
C. Older siblings have far more obvious influences.
D. Younger siblings make much smaller contribution.
3.What does the underlined words “pin down” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Assess. B. Limit.
C. Confirm. D. Reduce.
4.What can we infer about the research from the last paragraph?
A. It offers no exceptions. B. It appears to be under control.
C. It is recognized to be scientific. D. It needs to be carried out further.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
New research helps to explain why screaming is disturbing and useful.
Screams, like those we hear in horror movies, have a special quality that separates them from other noises we make and hear. These screams are recognized by people all over the world.
1."Every kid in every culture screams. Every adult in the context of a true fear responds with screams. So it's just a feature of the human mind and brain.”
David Poeppel is a neuroscientist at New York University. He wondered why screams were recognized the same way by people all around the world. So, he and his colleagues set up an experiment.
They recorded screams from movies and from volunteers who took part in the research.2.Instead, they measured how quickly the sounds in the scream changed in volume. It was in this area-the change in volume that screams stand apart from other sounds.
When the volume of a sound changes that quickly it has a quality called roughness. "3.David Poeppel and his team found that car alarms, sirens, and alarm clocks also have this quality, this roughness.”
The scientists then studied how this "roughness" changed brain activity. They asked the volunteers to listen to different types of screams and alarms in an MRI scanner, The researchers found that the greater "roughness" of a sound. the more it activates the amygdala.
4.“The amygdala acts like a gauge that says ‘wow, this sound has a lot of roughness in it; that’s particularly alarming and scary. ’"
Screams, it turns out, are a direct link to the part of our brain that tells us whether we should be afraid or not. 5.
Now, we know why a scream.. gets so much attention, So quickly.
A. People who hear these rough sounds are also more likely to react to them very quickly.
B. People of all cultures and languages hear the same thing in a scream: fear.
C. A scream is to say ‘I’m in trouble and I need help.’
D. The amygdala is an area deep in the brain that answers to fear.
E. The more roughness a sound has, the more worrying it is
F. Screams played a very important evolutionary role in our survival
G. The scientists, however, did not measure the screams for loudness or pitch
高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析