We humans spend about one-third of life asleep. Sleep helps us stay healthy, and it also helps our brain remember. Our brains need good sleep to remember what we do and learn during the other two thirds of our life when we are awake. Besides keeping us healthy, some new research shows that a good night’s sleep helps make us more intelligent.
Researcher at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have found that sleep helps improve brain performance by shrinking synapses in the brain. A synapse is the area where cells pass messages to other cells.
Cirelli is a leading scientist at the school’s Center for Sleep and Consciousness. She found that sleep is when the human brain mixes information it has learned while awake into its general collection of knowledge. However, the brain forgets unimportant details. This forgetting is important. It makes space for new learning and new memories.
Cirelli said that the Center’s research began with this hypothesis: We sleep so that our brain can repair and refresh itself. She said the idea seems simple and reasonable. However, testing and discovering how it works has been extremely difficult. Cirelli and Center director Giulio Tononi have been trying to prove the connection between sleep and the brain’s synapses since 2003. Cirelli said the researchers knew that “stronger synapses are also bigger.” So, they began their study by “measuring the size of the synapses” in the brain.
They also knew that during sleep, the brain checks on all its synapses and resets itself for the next day. The team wanted to see if the synapses of the brain are bigger after being awake all day and smaller after a good night’s sleep. Synapses are only about 20-40 nanometers wide. So, the team looked for changes in these already tiny spaces between nerve cells. The team had lo wail until improvements in laboratory technology made it possible to see these tiny changes.
Cirelli says they found that synapse size and strength are upset by being awake and restored by sleeping. She says our synapses shrink as our brains clean themselves during sleep. We wake up refreshed and ready to fill those synapses with new information.
1.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Sleep can only keep us healthy.
B. Sleep can help our brain function better.
C. Sleep can mix all the information.
D. Sleep can take up two-thirds of our life.
2.What does it refer to in Paragraph 4?
A. The measuring the size of the synapses.
B. The space for new learning and new memories.
C. The way our brain can repair and refresh itself.
D. The connection between sleep and the brain’s synapses.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
We humans spend about one-third of life asleep. Sleep helps us stay healthy, and it also helps our brain remember. Our brains need good sleep to remember what we do and learn during the other two thirds of our life when we are awake. Besides keeping us healthy, some new research shows that a good night’s sleep helps make us more intelligent.
Researcher at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have found that sleep helps improve brain performance by shrinking synapses in the brain. A synapse is the area where cells pass messages to other cells.
Cirelli is a leading scientist at the school’s Center for Sleep and Consciousness. She found that sleep is when the human brain mixes information it has learned while awake into its general collection of knowledge. However, the brain forgets unimportant details. This forgetting is important. It makes space for new learning and new memories.
Cirelli said that the Center’s research began with this hypothesis: We sleep so that our brain can repair and refresh itself. She said the idea seems simple and reasonable. However, testing and discovering how it works has been extremely difficult. Cirelli and Center director Giulio Tononi have been trying to prove the connection between sleep and the brain’s synapses since 2003. Cirelli said the researchers knew that “stronger synapses are also bigger.” So, they began their study by “measuring the size of the synapses” in the brain.
They also knew that during sleep, the brain checks on all its synapses and resets itself for the next day. The team wanted to see if the synapses of the brain are bigger after being awake all day and smaller after a good night’s sleep. Synapses are only about 20-40 nanometers wide. So, the team looked for changes in these already tiny spaces between nerve cells. The team had lo wail until improvements in laboratory technology made it possible to see these tiny changes.
Cirelli says they found that synapse size and strength are upset by being awake and restored by sleeping. She says our synapses shrink as our brains clean themselves during sleep. We wake up refreshed and ready to fill those synapses with new information.
1.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Sleep can only keep us healthy.
B. Sleep can help our brain function better.
C. Sleep can mix all the information.
D. Sleep can take up two-thirds of our life.
2.What does it refer to in Paragraph 4?
A. The measuring the size of the synapses.
B. The space for new learning and new memories.
C. The way our brain can repair and refresh itself.
D. The connection between sleep and the brain’s synapses.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
We all know that the normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 hours' sleep alternating(交替) with some 16-17 hours' wakefulness and that the sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this cycle can be modified.
The question is no mere academic one. The ease, for example, with which people can change from working in the day to working at night is a question of growing importance in industry where automation calls for round-the-clock working of machines. It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed（颠倒的） routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in industry that shifts(轮班) are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a.m. one week, 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. the next, and 4 p.m. to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.
The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to a number of permanent night workers. An interesting study of the domestic life and health of night-shift workers was carried out by Brown in 1957. She found a high incidence (发生率) of disturbed sleep and other disorders among those on alternating day and night shifts, but no abnormal occurrence of these phenomena among those on permanent night work.
This latter system then appears to be the best long-term policy, but meanwhile something may be done to relieve the pressure of alternate day and night work by selecting those people who can adapt most quickly to the changes of routine. One way of knowing when a person has adapted is by measuring his body temperature. People occupied in normal daytime work will have a high temperature during the hours of wakefulness and a low one at night; when they change to night work the pattern will only gradually go back to match the new routine and the speed with which it does so parallels, broadly speaking, the adaptation of the body as a whole, particularly in terms of performance. Therefore, by taking body temperature at two-hour intervals(间隔时间) throughout the period of wakefulness, it can be seen how quickly a person can adapt to a reversed routine, and this could be used as a basis for selection. So far, however, such a form of selection does not seem to have been applied in practice.
1.The main problem of the round-the-clock working system lies in .
A. the inconveniences brought about to the workers by the introduction of automation
B. the disturbance of the daily life cycle of workers who have to change shifts too frequently
C. the fact that people working at night are often less effective
D. the fact that it is difficult to find a number of good night workers
2.The best solution for implementing the 24-hour working system seems to be .
A. to change shifts at longer intervals.
B. to have longer shifts
C. to arrange for some people to work on night shifts only
D. to create better living conditions for night workers
3. It is possible to find out if a person has adapted to the changes of routine by measuring his body temperature because .
A. body temperature is higher when the cycle of sleep and wakefulness alternates
B. body temperature changes when he changes to night shift or back
C. the temperature reverses when the routine is changed
D. people have higher temperatures when they are working efficiently
4.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A. Body temperature may serve as an indication of a worker's performance.
B. The selection of a number of permanent night shift workers has proved to be the best solution to problems of the round-the- clock working system.
C. Taking body temperature at regular intervals can show how a person adapts to the changes of routine.
D. Disturbed sleep occurs less frequently among those on permanent night or day shifts.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Sure, we've all heard that we should get more sleep. The realities of life often make it become "we should get more sleep later." 1. The result is that you wake up the next day feeling like a role of The Walking Dead. Here are four ways you can adjust your biology in order to pay less for staying up.
● Move around.
Exercising before bed is a sure way to keep awake. That's why you shouldn't do it when you want to go to sleep, and it is also why hitting the gym, or even some fast push-ups can tell your body that it's not time for bed. Being physically exhausted isn't fun when you are trying to stay up late. 2.
● Eat more protein.
Few people think about the fact that the brain and body use a lot more energy when we're awake. If you are pulling an all-nighter, you're going to need a lot more food than you are used to eating. 3. To stay awake, plan to eat larger meals than normal and to eat them more frequently.
● Drink the right stuff.
It's tempting (诱人) to switch to sugary caffeine drinks like Red Bull, but the sugar will lead to a crash. Instead, if you want to use caffeine, drink early in the evening so it'll wear off by the time you want to sleep.
4. Don't make it worse by drinking sugar.
● 5.
Turn the lights down at night because bright lights keep you awake. For three or four hours after you're exposed to bright white light, your body won't make melatonin, a must for deep sleep. You will sleep better if you turn the lights a little bit down.
A. Turn the lights off.
B. Avoid bright lights.
C. Just do enough to get energetic.
D. And your body can never bear something like that.
E. Your brain can use up to 25 percent of your total calories.
F. When you stay up late, your blood sugar becomes abnormal.
G. There is either more work to be done, or more fun to be had, or both.
高三英语信息匹配中等难度题查看答案及解析
There’s no doubt that water is vital to any life. About 60 percent of the average adult human body is made of water. This includes most of your brain, heart, lungs, muscles and skin, and even about 30 percent of your bones. Yet there’s little scientific agreement about the exact amount of the stuff an individual should consume each day. So how much water do you actually need to drink to be healthy?
You may have heard that you should drink eight 8-ounce glasses of water a day. Yet, the downside of this rule, researchers say, is that drinking water by the glass is not the only way that humans take in it. The “8 X 8” rule essentially overlooks two big sources of daily water consumption. One such source is food. Everything you eat contains some water. Watermelons, for example, are more than 90 percent water by weight. Different diets naturally contain different amounts of waters, and the counts. The other key water sources are other beverages. Non-alcoholic drinks such as coffee, and tea, contain mostly water and all contribute to your hydration（水量）.
So, between all the food, water and other fluids you consume in a day, how much water should you aim to take in?
The National Academics of Sciences suggests that woman consume a total of approximately 2.7 liters (91 ounces) of warm from all beverages and foods each day and men 3.7 liters (125 ounces). But these are just general guidelines.
The truth is, there is no magic standard for hydration—everyone’s need vary depending on their age, weight, level of physical activity, general health and even the climate they live in. The more water you lose, the more water you’ll need to replace with food and drink. If you are looking for concrete advice, though, the best place to look is within. Drink up when you’re thirsty.
1.How does the author support the underlined sentence in Para 1?
A. By providing facts.
B. By asking a question.
C. By making a comparison.
D. By putting forward suggestions.
2.According to the “8 X 8” rule, how much water should we take in a day?
A. 8 ounces B. 64 ounces
C. 91 ounces D. 125 ounces
3.What’s the disadvantage of the “8 X 8” rule?
A. The water from both food and other beverages is ignored.
B. It includes the amount of water from both food and beverages.
C. It does not take water from drinks into account.
D. It overlooks the fact that we take in 90% of the water from fruits.
4.What can we infer from the final suggestion?
A. A man doing tiring physical work drunks less than 3.7 liters a week.
B. A person in good health drinks whenever he feels thirsty.
C. An overweight male in a hot summer drinks 125 ounces every two days.
D. A female eating a lot of watermelons drinks more than 91 ounces daily.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Hey there,
So you’re about to spend four years of your life and tens of thousands of dollars of your patent’s money, and all you really know about college is that all of your friends are going. Do you ever stop to wonder why you’re going?
Relax. You’re making the right decision. First of all, you’ll discover what interests you by taking courses in many subjects. For example, it’s hard to decide if you want to be a painter if you’ve never painted any pictures; once you’re in a drawing-room on campus, you’ll know one way or the other. College is also a lot of fun—after you graduate, you’ll be working every weekday for 50 years or so. And remember that college graduates earn about twice the income of those who never attended college.
Finding the right college can be difficult. Fortunately, Johnson Review is here to help you every step of the way.
* Researching Schools. To us, the most important decision you’ll make is to choose the school that really fits you best—not the one that is the most competitive or has the best-equipped rooms.
* Applying to School. On JohnsonReview.com, you’ll find hundreds of actual college applications(申请) and links to many more.
* Raising Your Scores. American College Test is one of the most difficult parts of the admissions(录取) course. It’s not the most important, though, and not everyone needs to prepare for the best. But, if you think you can do better, find the right course for better scores.
* Paying for School. Most families need financial aid for the high cost of college. The problem is that financial aid seems difficult to get and many families get caught up in the price of college rather than learning the ways to get financial aid. If you really do your research, you’ll learn that you can afford to attend any college, no matter the cost.
For more information, call 600-3681 or visit JohnsonReview.com. Wherever you go, have a nice trip!
Johnson Smith
Founder and CEO
Johnson Review
1. How many reasons for going to college does the author mention in the text?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
2. The author thinks you should choose the college that is _____.
A. well-equipped B. competitive
C. suitable D. famous
3. What does the author advise you to do to pay the high cost of college?
A. To ask the family for help.
B. To make a study of financial courses.
C. To do research on the price of college.
D. To get to know how to ask for financial aid.
4. Which of the following will the author agree?
A. Johnson Review can help you find the right college easier.
B. The most important part for college admission is the College Test.
C. It is not worth going to college nowadays in America.
D. If you want to find a place to spend your holiday, visit JohnsonReview.com.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Hey there,
So you’re about to spend four years of your life and tens of thousands of dollars of your patent’s money, and all you really know about college is that all of your friends are going. Do you ever stop to wonder why you’re going?
Relax. You’re making the right decision. First of all, you’ll discover what interests you by taking courses in many subjects. For example, it’s hard to decide if you want to be a painter if you’ve never painted any picture; once you’re in a drawing-room on campus, you’ll know one way or the other. College is also a lot of fun — after you graduate, you’ll be working every weekday for 50 or so years. And remember that college graduates earn about twice the income of those who never attended college.
Finding the right college can be difficult. Fortunately, Johnson Review is here to help you every step of the way.
*Researching Schools. To us, the most important decision you’ll make is to choose the school that really fits you best — not the one that is the most competitive (有竞争力的) or has the best-equipped rooms.
*Applying to School. On JohnsonReview.com , you’ll find hundreds of actual college applications（申请）and links to many more .
*Raising Your Scores. American College Test is one of the most difficult parts of the admissions (录取) course . It’s nor the most important, though, and not everyone needs to prepare for the test. But, if you think you can do better, find the right course for better scores.
*Paying for School. Most families need financial aid for the high cost of college. The problem is that financial aid seems difficult to get and many families get caught up in the price of college rather than learning the ways to get financial aid . If you really do your research, you’ll learn that you can afford to attend any college, no matter the cost. For more information, call 600-3681 or visit JohnsonReview.com. Wherever you go, have a nice trip!
Johnson Smith
Founder and CEO
Johnson Review
1.How many reasons for going to college does the author mention in the text ?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
2.The author thinks you should choose the college that is _______ .
A. well-equipped B. competitive C. suitable D. famous
3.What does the author advise you to do to pay the high cost of college?
A. To ask the family for help
B. To make a study of financial courses.
C. To do research on the price of college
D. To get to know how to ask for financial aid
4.What’s the author’s purpose of writing this test?
A. To suggest ways to prepare for college learning
B. To help readers find the right college
C. To make Johnson Review popular
D. To introduce college life
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Hey there,
So you’re about to spend four years of your life and tens of dollars of your parents’ money, and all you really know about college is that all of your friends are going. Do you ever stop to wonder why you’re going?
*Relax. You’re making the right decision. First of all, you’ll discover what interests you by taking courses in many subjects. For example, it’s hard to decide if you want to be a painter if you’ve never painted any pictures; once you’re in a drawing-room on campus, you’ll know one way or the other.
College is also a lot of fun—after you graduate, you’ll be working every weekday for 50 or so years.
And remember that college graduate earn about twice the income of those who never attended college.
*Finding the right college can be difficult. Fortunately, Johnson Review is here to help you every step of the way.
*Researching Schools. To us, the most important decision you’ll make is to choose the school that really fits you best — not the one that is the most competitive or has the best-equipped rooms.
*Applying to School. On JohnsonReview.com., you’ll find hundreds of actual college applications and links to many more.
*Raising Your Scores. American College Test is one of the most important parts of the admission course. It’s not the most important, though, and everyone needs to prepare for the best. But, if you can do better, find the right course for better scores.
*Paying for School. Most families need financial aid for the high cost of college. The problem is that financial aid seems difficult to get and many families get caught up in the price of college rather than learning the ways to get financial aid. If you really do your research, you’ll learn that you can afford to attend any college, no matter the cost.
For more information, call 600-3681 or visit JohnsonReview.com. Wherever you go, have a nice trip!
Johnson Smith
Founder and CEO
Johnson Review
1.How many reasons for going to college does the author mention in the text?
A．2 B．4 C．3 D．5
2.The author thinks you should choose the college that is__________.
A．well-equipped B．competitive C．famous D．suitable
3.What does the author advise you to do to pay the high cost college?
A．To ask the family for help.
B．To get to know how to ask for financial aid.
C．To do research on the price of college
D．To make a study of financial courses.
4.What’s the author’s purpose of writing this text?
A．To make Johnson Review popular.
B．To help readers find the right college.
C．To suggest ways to prepare for college learning.
D．To introduce college life.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Humans are naturally drawn to other life forms and the worlds outside of our own. We take delight in the existence of creatures and even whole societies beyond our everyday lives.
This sense of wonder is universal. Look at the efforts that scientists have made to find out whether life of some kind exists on Mars, and the popularity of fantasy(幻想) literature or movies like The Lord of the Rings. This sense of wonder draws us to each other, to the world around us, and to the world of make-believe. But have we gone so far in creating worlds of fantasy that we are missing the pleasure of other worlds that already exist all around us?
Human beings, as biologists have suggested, possess an inborn desire to connect with and understand other life forms. However, people, especially in big cities, often lead rather isolated lives. In a study of British schoolchildren, it was found that children by age eight were much more familiar with characters from television shows and video games than with common wildlife. Without modern technology, a small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals. When we lack meaningful interaction(交互) with the world around us, and sometimes even with our families and friends, we seek to understand and communicate with things that exist only in our imaginations or on a computer screen.
The world of make-believe is not necessarily bad. But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet(出路) for our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something. We are missing a connection with the living world. Other wonderful worlds exist all around us. But even more interesting is that if we look closely enough, we can see that these worlds, in a broad sense, are really part of our own.
1.The popularity of The Lord of the Rings proves________
A. the close connection between man and the fantasy world
B. the wonderful achievements of fantasy literature
C. the fine taste of moviegoers around the world
D. the general existence of the sense of curiosity
2.What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?
A. People are far less familiar with the world of fantasy.
B. The world around us could serve as a source of wonder.
C. The world of fantasy can be mirrored by a small and lively pond.
D. Modern technology prevents us from developing our sense of wonder.
3.If our sense of wonder relies totally on the world of make-believe, we will________
A. fail to appreciate the joy in our lives
B. be confused by the world of make-believe
C. miss the chance to recognize the fantasy world
D. be trapped by other worlds existing all around us
4.What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To show us the hidden beauty in our world.
B. To warn us not to get lost in the fantasy world.
C. To argue against the misuse of the sense of wonder.
D. To discuss the influence of the world of make-believe.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The use of color has a long history in human life. We live our lives in color from our earliest days. 1. We use it both as a symbol of identity and a way of expressing our individuality (个性) through decoration. And we use different colors to send out very different messages.
2. Look at the schoolboy in the photo. From his colorful traditional dress, other people in Peru know he comes from the Quechua community. We wear uniforms at school and work, and we dress in our favorite sports team colors to say the same thing: 3.
And now look at the Huli villager in the photo, who is getting ready for a local festival. He’s applying the traditional colors of red, black and white to his own personal face pattern. Face-painting is an important part of the celebrations. These days people are starting to experiment with brightly colored paints as well as traditional colors. In fashion-conscious Europe, the “in” color changes every season. 4.
Marketing experts understand the power of color very well. Packaging and labels in eye-catching colors stand out on the supermarket shelf. 5. A calm blue for a bank stands for trust, dark green says quality, or brown and green means eco-friendliness.
A. We are family.
B. We love this game.
C. People need a sense of group identity.
D. Color plays an important role in our daily life.
E. Different people have different understanding of colors.
F. And companies select the color of their brand very carefully.
G. For example, women are wearing shades of purple this autumn.
高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
For most of us, work is the central, dominating fact of life. We spend more than half our conscious hours at work, preparing for work, traveling to and from work. What we do there largely determines our standard of living and our status to a considerable extent. It is sometimes said that because leisure has become more important, the injustices of work can be pushed into a corner, and that because most work is pretty intolerable, the people who do it should compensate for its boredom, frustrations and humiliations by concentrating their hopes on the other parts of their lives. For the foreseeable future, however, the material and psychological rewards which work can provide will continue to play a vital part in determining the satisfaction that life can offer.
Yet only a small minority can control the pace at which they work or the conditions where their work is done; only for a small minority does work offer scope for creativity, imagination or initiative.
Inequality at work is still one of the most glaring (明显的) forms of inequality in our society. We cannot hope to solve the more obvious problems of industrial life, many of which arise from the frustrations created by inequality at work, unless we handle it determinedly.
The most glaring inequality is that between managers and the rest. For most managers, work is an opportunity and a challenge. Their jobs engage their interest and allow them to develop their abilities. They are constantly learning. They are able to exercise responsibility. They have a considerable degree of control over their own and others’ working lives. Most important of all, they have opportunities to initiate. By contrast, for most manual workers, work is a boring, dull, even painful experience. They spend all their working lives in intolerable conditions. The majority have little control over their work. It provides them with no opportunity for personal development. Many jobs are so routine that workers feel themselves to be mere cogs (齿轮) in the bureaucratic machine. As a direct consequence of their work experience, many workers feel alienated (疏远) from their work and their firm.
1.In the writer’s opinion, people judge others mainly by ________.
A.the type of work they do B.the place where they work
C.the time they spend at work D.the amount of money they earn
2.According to the writer, to solve problems in an industrial society, we ________.
A.should create more working opportunities for the poor
B.have to get rid of the unequal aspects in work
C.had better cancel all managing positions in a company
D.should encourage the manual workers to promote efficiency
3.What advantage does the writer say managers have over workers?
A.They won’t be out of work.
B.They get time off to learn constantly.
C.They can work at what interests them.
D.They have complete control over themselves.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析