------ The authors of computer viruses are ge...

------ The authors of computer viruses are geniuses.

------ I agree. They can apply their wisdom to other net technology ________ human beings can benefit.

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Prevent Viruses From Infecting Your Computer

The number one way to prevent viruses from infecting your computer is to have an anti﹣virus software on your computer, which can detect and block viruses before they have a chance to cause any harm. 1. If it finds any viruses, it can separate them and delete them safely from your computer. Because there are new viruses that are created on an almost daily basis, your virus protection needs to be updated regularly.

2. This way if your computer should ever get hit by a virus, which corrupts some of your system. you will have a back up copy available. 3. This will allow you to restart your computer using an earlier configuration （配置）before you got infected by the virus. This method is not always reliable but it is something that you can try.

An important rule of thumb is do not open attachments in emails from people you do not know. You have no idea what those attachments might contain and no idea who sent them. You should also be careful about opening attachments from people you do know if you are not sure what the attachment is about. 4.

Downloading is a good way to catch a computer virus. It's like opening the door and saying "Come on in! " Yes, if your virus protection is updated, it will hopefully catch the virus. 5. When downloading, make sure the site you are downloading from is reliable with a lot of traffic. Stay away from unreliable sites that have few visitors.

A.Not all viruses act immediately.

B.But then again, it might not.

C.Operating without a firewall is risky anyway.

D.Attachments are a good way for viruses to sneak into your systems.

E.A good anti﹣virus program can scan any program, files, or documents.

F.Another good way is to make backup copies of important documents and files.

G.You can even set a system restore point anywhere from a week or a month earlier.

高三英语七选五简单题查看答案及解析

When people talk of a virus these days, chances are that they are talking about computer virus that have the power wipe out all the valuable work people may have stored in their computers. Imagine, the virus has the power to make military systems, giant banks, airports, hospitals and traffic system come to stop!

What does a computer virus do? It targets electronic objects that are programmed. The virus spreads through connections between these electronic objects. For virus spreading experts, e-mail is a favorite method of sending their destructive (破坏性的) weapon.

But scientists warn that this is not the worst that can happen. There is more. People are also connected through phones. The next virus may actually target mobile phones, especially those that are programmed to do many tasks apart from just communicating. It would then be easy for a virus to infect those programs and create major disorder.

For example, these virus may have the power to record your phone conversations and make others hear them. They create problems with your electronic money accounts, or they could create a mountain of telephone bills for calls you never made. And that would be a disaster. A report on this was published in the New Scientist recently.

One way out would be to have simpler phones with not so many different functions. This would mean there would mean there would be fewer programs for the virus to attack. But mobile phone producers are in a fix. People on longer want an electronic item to perform just one task. They want more and more functions added. That would mean more software programs to make the mobile phone perform all those functions. And that means the possibility of more viruses.

1.It can be inferred from the passage that ______.

A．computer viruses are not so as destructive as mobile phone viruses

B．people should be careful when receiving e-mails

C．people find it difficult to use electronic equipment correctly

D．having electronic money accounts brings people a lot of convenience

2.Which of the following shows that your mobile phone is infected with a virus?

A．You can’t hear the person who answers the phone clearly

B．You can’t send e-mails with your mobile phone

C．your phone bill increases for unknown reasons

D．You can hear other people’s phone conversations

3.What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?

A．Mobile phone producers have made no progress.

B．Mobile phone producers are proud of their products.

C．Mobile phone producers are faced with a difficult situation.

D．Mobile phone producers refused to fight against virus.

4.For whom is the passage written?

A．Government officials                     B．Virus spreading experts

C．Electronic scientists                      D．Mobile phone users

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Following the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), also named COVID-19 by WHO, there is a general fear of the unknown virus as its full effects remain to be seen. Fever, coughing, sore throat, difficulty breathing —the NCP’s symptoms are similar to the common cold or the flu, but it’s potentially more dangerous.

Viruses could be deadly, like HIV and Ebola. But what are viruses? How can they cause so much trouble?

Viruses are non-living organisms (有机体) approximately one-millionth of an inch long. Unlike human cells or bacteria, they can’t reproduce on their own. Instead, they invade the cells of living organisms to reproduce, spread and take over.

Viruses can infect every living thing – from plants and animals down to the smallest bacteria. For this reason, they always have the potential to be dangerous to human life. Sometimes a virus can cause a disease so serious that it is fatal. Other viral infections trigger no noticeable reaction.

Viruses lie around our environment all of the time, waiting for a host cell to come along. They can enter our bodies by the nose, mouth, eyes or breaks in the skin. Once inside, they try to find a host cell to infect. For example, HIV, which causes AIDS, attacks the T-cells of the immune system.

But the basic question is, where did viruses first come from? Until now, no clear explanation for their origin exists. “Tracing the origins of viruses is difficult”, Ed Rybicki, a virologist (病毒学家) at the University of Cape Town in South Africa, told Scientific American, “because viruses don’t leave fossils and because of the tricks they use to make copies of themselves within the cells they’ve invaded”.

However, there are three main hypotheses (假说) to explain the origin of viruses. First, viruses started as independent organisms, then became parasites (寄生者). Second, viruses evolved from pieces of DNA or RNA that “escaped” from larger organisms. Third, viruses co-evolved with their host cells, which means they existed alongside these cells.

For the time being, these are only theories. The technology and evidence we have today cannot be used to test these theories and identify the most plausible explanation. Continuing studies may provide us with clearer answers. Or future studies may reveal that the answer is even murkier (含糊不清的) than it now appears.

1.What can we learn about viruses from the text?

A.Viruses have nothing to do with the common cold.

B.Viruses are really small living organisms.

C.Viruses can’t reproduce unless they find a host cell.

D.Viruses enter our bodies mainly through the mouth, nose and hair.

2.Which of the following might explain the origin of viruses?

A.They evolved from the fossils of large organisms.

B.They evolved from parasites into independent organisms.

C.They evolved from the T-cells in animals.

D.They evolved along with their host cells.

3.The underlined word “plausible” in the last paragraph probably means ________.

A.reasonable B.common

C.creative D.unbelievable

4.What can we conclude from the text?

A.Viruses live longer in human host cells than in animals’.

B.Viruses will become more like bacteria as they evolve.

C.It may take a long time to understand the origin of viruses.

D.The author is optimistic about future virus research.

高三英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析

Scientists may one day be able to destroy viruses in the same way that opera singers break wine glasses. New research mathematically determined the frequencies at which simple viruses could be shaken to death.

The capsid (壳) of a virus is something like the shell of a turtle, said physicist Otto Sankey of Arizona State University. “If the shell can be damaged by mechanical vibrations (震动), the virus can be destroyed.”

Recent experimental evidence has shown that laser (激光) pulses with the right frequency can kill certain viruses. However, locating these resonant (共振的) frequencies is a bit of trial and error. Experiments must try various conditions, Sankey said.

To further this search, Sankey and his student Eric Dykeman have developed a way to calculate the vibrations of every atom in a virus shell. From this, they can determine the lowest resonant frequencies. An experiment has recently shown that pulses of laser light can cause destructive vibrations in virus shells. Sankey said, “Like pushing a child on a swing from rest, one sudden push gets the virus shaking.”

However, it is difficult to calculate what sort of push will kill a virus, since there can be millions of atoms in its shell structure. A direct calculation of each atom’s movements would take several hundred thousand Gigabytes of computer memory, Sankey explained.

The team plans to use their technique to study other, more complicated viruses. However, it is still a long way from using this to destroy the viruses in infected people. “This is such a new field, and there are so few experiments that the science has not yet had enough time to prove itself,” Sankey said. “We remain hopeful but remain skeptical at the same time.”

1.What is the new way to kill viruses?

A.Replacing viruses’ capsids with shells.

B.Breaking viruses’ capsids by vibration.

C.Locating the position of certain viruses.

D.Damaging the conditions that viruses like.

2.Why does Sankey mention “pushing a child on a swing” in Paragraph 4?

A.To prove how simple the new theory is.

B.To explain how to start the virus shaking.

C.To suggest the idea comes from our real life.

D.To show the destructive power of vibrations.

3.What is the fifth paragraph mainly about?

A.The shell structure of viruses.

B.The lack of computer memory.

C.The challenging part of the research.

D.The importance of atoms’ movement.

4.What is Sankey’s attitude towards the theory?

A.Disapproving. B.Worried.

C.Uncaring. D.Positive.

高三英语阅读选择困难题查看答案及解析

During the outbreak of novel coronavirus, cities are locked down and borders are closed. Science, on the contrary, is becoming more open. And this “open science” is already making a difference.

Soon after the epidemic (流行病) started in China, a research team from Fudan University in Shanghai successfully sequenced (测定序列) the DNA of the virus. But they didn’t keep the information to themselves. Instead, they placed the sequences on GenBank, an open-access data platform, so researchers around the world could download them for free and start studying the virus.

Due to this openness, companies producing drugs across the globe are now able to work at the same time to develop a vaccine (疫苗). “There may be room for multiple different vaccines for different purposes and different age groups,” Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins University Center for Health Security in the US, told Al Jazeera. “The bigger menu we have of vaccines, the more flexible we’ll be when fighting against coronavirus outbreaks in the future.”

Major drug companies around the world are also sharing their study results. Remdesivir, a drug originally developed by US company Gilead Sciences to treat Ebola, is found to be promising in fighting against the novel coronavirus. Currently, two trials of the drug are already underway in China, and the results might be available as soon as April, according to The Verge.

This openness in science is going to be even more important in the future. “With climate change, increasing globalization, and population shifts, epidemics will not go away, and might even become more frequent,” Dan Barouch, a Harvard Medical School professor, told Harvard Magazine.

He said, “No one group can do everything. It has to be a cooperative approach. But I do think that the world has a greater sense of readiness this time to develop knowledge, drugs, and treatment very rapidly.”

Every epidemic is indeed a crisis, but it can also be a learning opportunity. One redeeming (补偿的) factor of the COVID-19 outbreak is that it is helping science adapt for the better.

1.What does the article mainly talk about?

A.Coordinated efforts to fight the epidemic in Africa.

B.Some scientific knowledge we’ve learned from the epidemic.

C.The significance of openness and sharing of scientific knowledge.

D.What needs to be done to prevent future epidemics.

2.The positive effect of what the research team from Fudan University did is that ________.

A.they alerted the world to the danger of the virus

B.they helped remove people’s fear of the virus

C.they showed the world how to produce a vaccine

D.they invited collective efforts worldwide to develop a vaccine

3.What is the author’s purpose of mentioning remdesivir in paragraph 4?

A.To introduce a possible cure for the epidemic.

B.To compare the treatment of Ebola and the novel coronavirus.

C.To prove that many drug companies readily share their discoveries.

D.To show that the novel coronavirus will soon be contained.

4.Which of the following would Dan Barouch probably disagree with?

A.Epidemics will be less frequent thanks to climate change.

B.The world is becoming better prepared to deal with epidemics.

C.No single group can fight against the epidemics independently.

D.The increase in globalization may bring about more epidemics.

高三英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析

How to prevent being infected with the virus? There are a number of standard hygiene (卫生) practices 1. have been recommended to protect against infection and 2.(far) spread. These include covering your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing with a medical mask, tissue or flexed elbow; avoiding contacting with those who are unwell 3.(close); the appropriate use of masks and personal protective 4.(equip), especially in a healthcare setting; washing hands regularly with water and soap, 5. alcohol-based hand sanitizer (洗手液). 6.(action) that can be taken to prevent infection from an animal source include: avoiding unnecessary unprotected contact with animals; washing hands after contact with animals or animal products; and ensuring that animal products are cooked thoroughly before they 7.(consume).

It is important8.(stay) home if you’re feeling unwell. But if you have a fever, cough, and difficulty 9.(breath), seek medical care early and share your previous travel history 10. your healthcare provider.

高三英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Suppose you are about to complete high school and are thinking about attending a college or university. After doing some research, you find a school you would like to attend, but have questions about the application process. So you go to the school’s website in the hope of finding a few answers.

Time goes by and you, a student, still do not have the answers. You almost feel like giving up. But today, as you can see, artificial intelligence is so advanced. You find a message appears on your computer or personal electronic device. It says something like: ''How can I help? '' Writing back to the website, you try to explain your problem. You possibly get a few questions to clarify what your concerns are. Then, almost immediately, the person with whom you are in contact provides the information you are seeking.

In fact, you are not actually communicating with a school official. You are not even dealing with a human being. You are in contact with a computer program, or chatbot. It is using artificial intelligence, AI for short, to understand and communicate with you. This might sound strange. But chances are that this would not be the first time you have communicated with a computer program without knowing it. In recent years, chatbots have become a common tool for banks and large companies around the world.

Having human beings available to answer people’s questions and complaints can be costly, requiring many workers. And in most cases, employees can only work for several hours in a day, increasing customers’ waiting time for a response, but the chatbot can work around the clock. So not only companies, but a growing number of universities have also begun using the chatbot technology.

Australia's University of Adelaide noted a major improvement in its service to student after employing a chathot to deal with application questions in 2018. It said that students received responses 13 times faster, and students’ approval of the quality of service increased by 60 percent. And just the speed of reacting to questions is the chatbot's major strength.

1.How does the author introduce the topic of the text?

A.By assumption. B.By comparison.

C.By definition. D.By data.

2.What's the main purpose of paragraph 2?

A.To tell time and tide wait for no man.

B.To advise students should clarify their questions.

C.To present the communication convenience brought by Al.

D.To show the phenomenon that students are addicted to computers.

3.What is the main advantage of the chatbot technology?

A.Its low cost. B.Its ease of use.

C.Its short working hours. D.Its quick response.

4.What is the main idea of the text?

A.Artificial intelligence is developing rapidly.

B.Robots are gradually replacing human services.

C.Employees chat with robots without knowing them.

D.More universities use chatbots to communicate online.

高三英语阅读选择困难题查看答案及解析

More strict measures should be taken____more people are infected with the virus of H1N1 flu.

高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

The computer keyboard helped kill shorthand—a system of rapid handwriting, and now it' s threatening to finish off handwriting as a whole. When handwritten essays were introduced on the SAT exams for the class of 2011, just 15% of the most 1.5 million students wrote their answers in cursive (草写字母). The rest? Block letters.

And those college hopefuls are just the first edge of a wave of US students who no longer get much handwriting instructions in the primary grades, frequently 10 minutes a day or less. As a result, more and more students struggle to read and write cursive.

At Keene Mill Elementary School in Springfield, all their poems and stories are typed. Children in Fairfax County schools are taught keyboarding beginning in kindergarten. Older students who never mastered handwriting say it doesn't affect their grades.

There are those who say the culture is at a crossing, turning from the written word to the typed one. If handwriting becomes a lost form of communication, does it matter?

It was at University of Virginia that researchers recently discovered a previously unknown poem by Robert, written in his unique script. Handwritten documents are more valuable to researchers, historians say, because their authenticity can be confirmed. Students also find them more fascinating.

The loss of handwriting also may be a cognitive opportunity missed. Several academic studies have found that good handwriting skills at a young age can help children express their thoughts better-a lifelong benefit.

It doesn't take much to teach better handwriting skills. At some schools in Prince George' s County, elementary school students use a program called Handwriting Without Tears for 15 minutes a day. They learn the correct formation of manuscript letters through second grade, and cursive letters in third grade.

There are always going to be some kids who struggle with handwriting because of their particular neurological wiring, learning issues or poor motor skills. Educators often point to this factor in support of keyboarding.

1.What is the author concerned about after 2011 SAT exams?

A.Keyboarding. B.Shorthand. C.Handwriting. D.Block letters.

2.A poem by Robert mentioned in the passage is used to _________.

A.prove how valuable handwriting is B.explain what a famous poet he is

C.show how unique his poem is D.stress how fascinating the documents are

3.The example of Handwriting Without Tears helps to argue that_________.

A.the schools are responsible for the loss of handwriting

B.the loss of handwriting is a cognitive opportunity missed

C.it doesn't take much to teach better handwriting skills

D.the culture is turning from the written word to the typed one

4.According to the author, when is a perfect time to learn handwriting?

A.Kindergarten. B.Primary school. C.High school. D.College.

高三英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析