Many science fiction stories tell about explorers arriving in a new world. The explorers then use some kind of high-tech device to test for breathable air or signs of life. But here on Earth, science fiction is becoming reality through a new sampling technology called environmental DNA, or e-DNA for short. Scientists can use it to identify rare or invasive species, study bio-diversity or estimate fish populations with just a little air or water.
Ryan Kelly is an ecologist at the School of Marine and Environmental Affairs at the University of Washington in Seattle. He works in a laboratory there with other researchers. They study the genetic material released by living creatures. “Essentially we can take a sample of soil or air — and in our case — water, and we can sequence（to arrange the order of genes）the DNA out of it and tell you what is there.”
Ryan Kelly says he and his research team are studying water samples collected from Puget Sound. He says the cost of gene sequencing has “been reduced greatly in recent years.” That makes DNA testing more widely available.
Environmental DNA can be used in two ways. One is to identify the creatures that live in a certain place. The other is to confirm the presence or lack of a specific creature.
Caren Goldberg heads the new e-DNA lab at Washington State University in Pullman, Washington. She is one of the first biologists in the northwestern United States to take the technology from the testing phase to actually using it.
“It is extremely useful for species that are really hard to find. I have spent many hours looking for species that I was pretty sure were there — looking under rocks, looking in water, doing all kinds of surveys.”
Caren Goldberg sees e-DNA as a way to get answers more efficiently, safely and with less destruction compared to traditional survey techniques. Until recently, scientists depended on diving deep, netting or using an electric current to temporarily catch fish.
“We’re absolutely at this point where proof-of-concept has been established. I don't think everyone necessarily is ready for it yet, but I think the majority of people are.”
This newer way to identify what lives in the environment is becoming popular around the world. Animal experts in Vietnam are using the e-DNA to find the last, wild Yangtze giant softshell turtles. One researcher on the Caribbean island of Trinidad is using the sampling technology to find endangered golden tree-frogs. And in Madagascar, it is being used to identify amphibian diseases.
Ms. Goldberg has used e-DNA testing to confirm the local extinction, disappearance, of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho. She has also been asked to document the spread of the New Zealand mud-snail in the state of Washington. The creature has been found in lakes and other waterways across the state.
Now, the U.S. Bureau of Land Management wants Caren Goldberg to look for the Columbia spotted frog in two other western states. The rare amphibian is a candidate for the federal government's threatened species list.
Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.
A related research goal is to show how long environmental DNA can last and how far it can travel in different environments.
1.Paragraph One is intended as _____ of the passage.
A. the main idea
B. the introduction of the topic
C. a supporting detail of the main idea
D. a contrast of the main idea
2.What has made E-DNA magic is that with E-DNA_____.
A. you are likely to find information about a species with a little air, water, or soil
B. some kind of high-tech device can be used to test for breathable air or signs of life
C. you are able to get answers more efficiently, safely though with more damage
D. the cost of gene sequencing has been reduced greatly in recent years.
3.So far, the technique of E-DNA has NOT helped scientists search for ______.
A. wild Yangtze giant soft-shell turtles
B. endangered golden tree-frogs
C. the local extinction of a leopard frog
D. the spread of the New Zealand mud-snail
4.Despites its advantage, we are still not sure of something about E-DNA. That is _____ .
A. the lasting time and the spreading area of E-DNA
B .the lasting time of E-DNA and too many species for E-DNA
C. too many candidates for E-DNA and the lasting time of E-DNA
D. robots and old-fashioned field work’s replacing E-DNA
5.The passage can be sorted as a(n) _____.
A. science fiction B. experiment report
C. science report D. bio-diversity discovery
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
Many science fiction stories tell about explorers arriving in a new world. The explorers then use some kind of high-tech device to test for breathable air or signs of life. But here on Earth, science fiction is becoming reality through a new sampling technology called environmental DNA, or e-DNA for short. Scientists can use it to identify rare or invasive species, study bio-diversity or estimate fish populations with just a little air or water.
Ryan Kelly is an ecologist at the School of Marine and Environmental Affairs at the University of Washington in Seattle. He works in a laboratory there with other researchers. They study the genetic material released by living creatures. “Essentially we can take a sample of soil or air — and in our case — water, and we can sequence（to arrange the order of genes）the DNA out of it and tell you what is there.”
Ryan Kelly says he and his research team are studying water samples collected from Puget Sound. He says the cost of gene sequencing has “been reduced greatly in recent years.” That makes DNA testing more widely available.
Environmental DNA can be used in two ways. One is to identify the creatures that live in a certain place. The other is to confirm the presence or lack of a specific creature.
Caren Goldberg heads the new e-DNA lab at Washington State University in Pullman, Washington. She is one of the first biologists in the northwestern United States to take the technology from the testing phase to actually using it.
“It is extremely useful for species that are really hard to find. I have spent many hours looking for species that I was pretty sure were there — looking under rocks, looking in water, doing all kinds of surveys.”
Caren Goldberg sees e-DNA as a way to get answers more efficiently, safely and with less destruction compared to traditional survey techniques. Until recently, scientists depended on diving deep, netting or using an electric current to temporarily catch fish.
“We’re absolutely at this point where proof-of-concept has been established. I don't think everyone necessarily is ready for it yet, but I think the majority of people are.”
This newer way to identify what lives in the environment is becoming popular around the world. Animal experts in Vietnam are using the e-DNA to find the last, wild Yangtze giant softshell turtles. One researcher on the Caribbean island of Trinidad is using the sampling technology to find endangered golden tree-frogs. And in Madagascar, it is being used to identify amphibian diseases.
Ms. Goldberg has used e-DNA testing to confirm the local extinction, disappearance, of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho. She has also been asked to document the spread of the New Zealand mud-snail in the state of Washington. The creature has been found in lakes and other waterways across the state.
Now, the U.S. Bureau of Land Management wants Caren Goldberg to look for the Columbia spotted frog in two other western states. The rare amphibian is a candidate for the federal government's threatened species list.
Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.
A related research goal is to show how long environmental DNA can last and how far it can travel in different environments.
1.Paragraph One is intended as _____ of the passage.
A. the main idea
B. the introduction of the topic
C. a supporting detail of the main idea
D. a contrast of the main idea
2.What has made E-DNA magic is that with E-DNA_____.
A. you are likely to find information about a species with a little air, water, or soil
B. some kind of high-tech device can be used to test for breathable air or signs of life
C. you are able to get answers more efficiently, safely though with more damage
D. the cost of gene sequencing has been reduced greatly in recent years.
3.So far, the technique of E-DNA has NOT helped scientists search for ______.
A. wild Yangtze giant soft-shell turtles
B. endangered golden tree-frogs
C. the local extinction of a leopard frog
D. the spread of the New Zealand mud-snail
4.Despites its advantage, we are still not sure of something about E-DNA. That is _____ .
A. the lasting time and the spreading area of E-DNA
B .the lasting time of E-DNA and too many species for E-DNA
C. too many candidates for E-DNA and the lasting time of E-DNA
D. robots and old-fashioned field work’s replacing E-DNA
5.The passage can be sorted as a(n) _____.
A. science fiction B. experiment report
C. science report D. bio-diversity discovery
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
When I was a kid, I loved reading history, science fiction, detective stories, but especially comics. I had piles of them and kept talking my Dad into making more shelves for me. One day, I read about a 13-year-old boy who had actually written one of my favorite comics, Legion of Super-Heroes, and I said, “I can do that too.” That year, I was two years younger than the writer.
Three years later, a friend and I started our own fan magazine about comics. It became the first place that regularly told people when their favorite comics were coming out and writers and artists were working on them. Because of the magazine, I won the awards for The Comic Reader, but more important, it got many of the people in the field to know who I was.
One day when I was visiting DC Comics for news for my next issue, one of the editors a chance to write text for his comic. Suddenly, at 16, I was getting paid to write.
I was able to pay for my college classes working as an assistant editor at DC Comics and learned how to write comics stories while I was there. I wrote hundreds of stories. Over the years, I worked as an editor and an executive (主管) for the company, eventually serving as a president and publisher, until earlier this year. Now I’m back to my first love, writing comics again.
Every morning, I open my e-mail and find pages of art sent in by artists across the country who draw my stories. When I’m tired of working on the stories, I can go online and find my readers commenting on my stories or telling me when I make mistakes.
Keep reading and writing, it’s a wonderful way to live.
1.At what age did the author win the awards for The Comic Reader?
A.13 B.14 . C.15. D.16.
2.What is the author’s present job?
A.An editor. . B.A painter. C.A publisher D.A comics writer.
3.How is the passage mainly developed?
A.By listing some data. B.By giving examples.
C.By following time order. D.By making comparisons.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Many people seem to think that science fiction is typified by the Bug-eyed Monster, embodying every feature that most people find unpleasant. This is unfortunate because it degrades a worthwhile literary endeavor. Instead, the basic interest of science fiction lies in the relation between man and his technology and between man and the universe. Science fiction is a literature of change and a literature of the future, and the aspects of human life that it considers make it well worth reading and studying for no other literary form does quite the same things. What is science fiction? To begin, the following definition should be helpful: science fiction is a literary subgenre which postulates(以…为前提) a change (for human beings) from conditions as we know them and follows the implications of these changes to a conclusion.
The first point that science fiction is a literary subgenre is a very important one, but one which is often overlooked. Specifically, science fiction is either a short story or a novel. There are only a few dramas which could be called science fiction; the body of poetry that might be labeled science fiction is only slightly larger. To say that science fiction is a subgenre of prose fiction(小说) is to say that it has all the basic characteristics and serves the same basic functions in much the same way as prose fiction in general, that is, it shares a great deal with all other novels and short stories.
Everything that can be said about prose fiction, in general, applies to science fiction. Every piece of science fiction, whether short story or novel, must have a narrator, a story, a plot, characters, setting, and language. The themes of science fiction are concerned with interpreting man’s nature and experience around him. Themes in science fiction are constructed and presented in exactly the same ways that themes are dealt with in any other kind of fiction. They are the result to a particular combination of a narrator, story, plot, character, setting, and language. In short, the reasons for reading and enjoying science fiction, and the ways of studying and analyzing it, are basically the same as they would be for any other story or novel.
51.From the first paragraph, we can infer that science fiction has been most popular in the 20th century because ____.
A with the growth of literacy, the size of the reading public has increased
B competition from television has created a demand for more exciting fiction
C science fiction is easier to understand than other kinds of fiction
D the increased importance of technology has given science fiction an increased relevance
52.According to the definition in the passage, a fictional work that places human beings in a prehistoric world inhabited by dinosaurs____.
A cannot be called science fiction because it does not deal with the future
B cannot be called science fiction because it doesn’t deal with technology
C can be called science fiction because it deals with man’s relation with the world
D can be called science fiction because it places people in an environment different from the one we know
53. Science fiction is called a literary subgenre because____.
A it is not important enough to be a literary genre
B it cannot be made into a dramatic presentation
C it shares characteristics with other types of prose fiction
D it has its limits
54.One implication of the final sentence in the passage is that____.
A the reader should turn next to commentaries on general fiction
B there is no reason for any reader not to like science fiction
C the reader should compare other novels and stories to science fiction
D those who can appreciate prose fiction can appreciate science fiction
55.An appropriate title for this passage would be____.
A Man and the Universe
B Toward a Definition of Science Fiction
C A Type of Prose Fiction
D The Bug-Eyed Monster
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Many people seem to think that science fiction is typified by the Bug-eyed Monster, embodying every feature that most people find unpleasant. This is unfortunate because it degrades a worthwhile literary endeavor. Instead, the basic interest of science fiction lies in the relation between man and his technology and between man and the universe. Science fiction is a literature of change and a literature of the future, and the aspects of human life that it considers make it well worth reading and studying for no other literary form does quite the same things. What is science fiction? To begin, the following definition should be helpful: science fiction is a literary subgenre which postulates(以…为前提) a change (for human beings) from conditions as we know them and follows the implications of these changes to a conclusion.
The first point that science fiction is a literary subgenre is a very important one, but one which is often overlooked. Specifically, science fiction is either a short story or a novel. There are only a few dramas which could be called science fiction; the body of poetry that might be labeled science fiction is only slightly larger. To say that science fiction is a subgenre of prose fiction(小说) is to say that it has all the basic characteristics and serves the same basic functions in much the same way as prose fiction in general, that is, it shares a great deal with all other novels and short stories.
Everything that can be said about prose fiction, in general, applies to science fiction. Every piece of science fiction, whether short story or novel, must have a narrator, a story, a plot, characters, setting, and language. The themes of science fiction are concerned with interpreting man’s nature and experience around him. Themes in science fiction are constructed and presented in exactly the same ways that themes are dealt with in any other kind of fiction. They are the result to a particular combination of a narrator, story, plot, character, setting, and language. In short, the reasons for reading and enjoying science fiction, and the ways of studying and analyzing it, are basically the same as they would be for any other story or novel.
1. From the first paragraph, we can infer that science fiction has been most popular in modern society because ____.
A. with the growth of literacy, the size of the reading public has increased
B. competition from television has created a demand for more exciting fiction
C. science fiction is easier to understand than other kinds of fiction
D. the increased importance of technology has given science fiction an increased relevance
2. According to the definition in the passage, a fictional work that places human beings in a prehistoric world inhabited by dinosaurs____.
A. cannot be called science fiction because it does not deal with the future
B. cannot be called science fiction because it doesn’t deal with technology
C. can be called science fiction because it deals with man’s relation with the world
D. can be called science fiction because it places people in an environment different from the one we know
3. Science fiction is called a literary subgenre because____.
A. it is not important enough to be a literary genre
B. it cannot be made into a dramatic presentation
C. it shares characteristics with other types of prose fiction
D. it has a great number of readers keen on reading
4. One implication of the final sentence in the passage is that____.
A. the reader should turn next to commentaries on general fiction
B. there is no reason for any reader not to like science fiction
C. the reader should compare other novels and stories to science fiction
D. those who can appreciate prose fiction can appreciate science fiction
5.An appropriate title for this passage would be____.
A. Man and the Universe B. Toward a Definition of Science Fiction
C. A Type of Prose Fiction D. The Bug-Eyed Monster
高三英语简单题查看答案及解析
S. T. Harvey wrote a children’s book Miracle, a fictional story about trying to fit in when you stand out. Since it was released earlier this year, the book 1. (appear) in classrooms and libraries 2. the country, bringing with it 3. powerful message about the importance of kindness.
4. (base) on a true story, the book tells about a boy named Auggie, 5. was born with a misshapen face that has required many 6. (operate) in the 10 years since his birth. 7. being homeschooled since kindergarten, he starts fifth grade at a public school. It isn’t easy being the new kid, especially since Auggie looks different from everybody 8.. The book takes readers on a journey, as Auggie and his community learn about 9. (friend) and acceptance.
Harvey worked as an art director and graphic designer for more than 20 years before she 10. (inspire) to write Miracle. Now she is using the book to promote the impact of kindness.
高三英语短文填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
He has written many fiction stories, _____ this is only an example．
A．among which B．for which C．of which D．by which
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
It is a common theme in many fiction stories that the world may one day be ________ by insects.
A. broken in B. run over C. taken over D. filled in
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
I grew up on stories about Ernest Shackleton and all the great polar explorers. I had a really ________ mental picture of what the environment they ________ might be like. Those tales of exploration were the reason why I got into travel ________ in the first place.
I had wanted to go to Spitsbergen for years. I was actually ______on a trip with my wife, but we had to cancel — for the ________ possible reason that she fell pregnant with our first child. A couple of years later, I got the ________ to shoot(拍摄)a story on the Noorderlich, a ship that gets ________ into the ice every year — just as the boats of the old explorers did when they ________ in the Arctic. I thought the experience would be _______ because I love riding snowmobiles and dog sleds but it didn’t quite turn out well. It was an eight-hour snowmobile journey from the capital Longyearbyen to the _______ . We rode through snowstorms and it was one of the ____things I’ve ever done. It was really quite _______ and we were ______ about on ice during the last part of the journey. I began to think: “This had better be _______ it.”
And then I saw the ship, lit by the moonlight. It looked so strange and frightening, ____ on its own in the middle of nowhere. I almost didn’t want to get close to it because it was so perfect in its _______. It was exactly how I had _____ it to be. _______experiences are rarely like that---there’s usually some disappointment ____ somewhere. When you have held a mental picture of a place since your childhood and you see that it exists in ______, it really is a dream that comes true.
1.A. certain B. new C. strong D. strange
2.A. discovered B. changed C. created D. experienced
3.A. photography B. research C. habit D. industry
4.A. caught B. booked C. invited D. sent
5.A. least B. nicest C. helpless D. troublesome
6.A. demand B. right C. information D. opportunity
7.A. frozen B. decorated C. broken D. prepared
8.A. summered B. visited C. wintered D. arrived
9.A. easy B. great C. unique D. regrettable
10.A. ship B. village C. island D. house
11.A. happiest B. simplest C. hardest D. most important
12.A. dark B. interesting C. exciting D. bright
13.A. looking B. talking C. standing D. sliding
14.A. for B. worth C. about D. with
15.A. working B. going C. waiting D. sitting
16.A. position B. environment C. shape D. way
17.A. promised B. arranged C. imagined D. refused
18.A. Travel B. Shopping C. Reading D. Working
19.A. expected B. surrounded C. unrelated D. involved
20.A. tales B. memory C. reality D. movies
高三英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
______ the same story many times, my little brother can now tell it himself.
A. Telling B. Having told C. Being told D. Having been told
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
— Can you tell me something about _________ science.
— OK. _________Nobel Prize in Chemistry is usually awarded to Americans.
| A．the; The | B．/; The | C．a; / | D．the; / |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析