Japan has been trying to bring its nuclear cr...

Japan has been trying to bring its nuclear crisis under ____ control, but ____ spread of radiation has raised concerns about the safety of the nuclear energy.

A. a; the               B. the; /               C. /; the           D. a; /

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Japan has been trying to bring its nuclear crisis under ________ control, but ________ spread of radiation has raised concerns about the safety of the nuclear energy.

A. a; the　         B. the; /

C. /; the　             D. a; /

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The crisis at the damaged Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Station in northern Japan has raised worries about radiation risks. We spoke Tuesday with Jonathan Links, an expert in radiation health sciences. He is a professor at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Maryland.

Professor Links says workers within the nuclear plant are the only people at risk of extremely high doses of radiation.

JONATHAN LINKS: "Of course, we don't know what doses they've received, but the only persons at risk of acute radiation effects are the workers."

For other people, he says, there may be a long-term worry. People can get cancer from low doses of ionizing radiation, the kind released in a nuclear accident.

Professor Links says scientists can use computers to quickly model where radioactive material has blown and settled. Then they measure how large an area is contaminated. He says if the situation is serious enough, officials could take steps like telling people not to eat locally grown food or drink the water.

JONATHAN LINKS: "But that would only be the case if there was a significant release and, because of wind direction, the radioactive material was blown over the area, and then settled out of the air into and onto water, plants, fruits and vegetables."

The reactors at Fukushima are on the Pacific coast. But Professor Links says people should not worry about any radioactive material leaking into the ocean.

JONATHAN LINKS: "Even in a worst-case scenario accident, the sea provides a very high degree of dilution. So the concentration of radioactivity in the seawater would still be quite low."

Japan is the only country to have had atomic bombs dropped on it. That memory from World War Two would create a stronger "psychological sensitivity" to radiation exposure, Professors Links says.

Next month is the twenty-fifth anniversary of the explosion and fire that destroyed a reactor at Chernobyl in Ukraine. The nineteen eighty-six event was the world's worst accident in the nuclear power industry.

A new United Nations report says more than six thousand cases of thyroid cancer have been found. These are in people who were children in affected areas of Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. The report says that by two thousand five the cancers had resulted in fifteen deaths.

The cancers were largely caused by drinking contaminated milk. The milk came from cows that ate grass where radioactive material had fallen.

To get the latest updates, go to www.unsv.com.

Contributing: James Brooke

1.The passage mainly tells us __________.

2.Which of the following is NOT the influences caused by the leak of Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Station?

3.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “dilution”?

4.According to the passage which of the following is not TRUE ?

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Japan’ s nuclear crisis is also causing concerns in China. Worried shoppers rushed to stores and supermarkets in the country for salt, with the belief that it might protect them from potential nuclear radiation spreading from Japan.

Many rushed to buy to store as much iodized salt as possible because of the rumor that iodized salt could help prevent radiation poisoning spreading from Japan’ s Fukushima Daiichi power plant. Consumers also worried that the nuclear plumes might spread to China by air and sea, polluting food sources, including salt taken from the sea.

The wave of panic buying spread quickly across the country, driving up salt prices by five to ten fold in some cities.

Even regions rich in salt production, like Jiangxi Province，faced sudden shortages.

The government took measures to guarantee enough supply and to stabilize（稳定）the market. It also dismissed the nuclear rumors, saying the nuclear fallout was unlikely to reach the country, and that salt did not help to prevent radiation poisoning.

Local authorities have stepped in to stabilize the market, too. As well, state-owned salt companies have been urged to increase their supply.

Facing expanding market demand, distribution centers have taken extra measures to ensure they are well-prepared.

Wang Yun, the General Manager of Beijing Salt Industry Corporation, said, “Our storage reserves can guarantee a two-month supply for the Beijing market.”

1.People made panic purchases of salt for the reasons EXCEPT______________.

A. salt might protect them from potential nuclear radiation

B. nuclear radiation might pollute food sources

C. nuclear radiation might pollute salt taken from the sea

D. there would be a shortage of salt on the market

2.The underlined word “fold” in the third paragraph means _______.

A. times   B. prices   C. quantities    D. means

3.What measures did the government take for the panic buying?

A. Enough salt would be offered to each house.

B. It admitted that salt could stop nuclear radiation.

C. Authorities urged state-owned salt companies to increase the supply.

D. Those who spread the rumor were all arrested and punished.

4.What is the purpose of the writer to give the example of Beijing Salt Industry Corporation?

A. To tell readers that there is a salt company in Beijing.

B. To make people believe that the supply of salt is enough.

C. To call on panic people to buy enough salt.

D. To prove what the government did was right.

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BERLIN — With the crisis in Japan raising fears about nuclear power, Germany and Switzerland said on Monday that they would reassess the safety of their own reactors.

Doris Leuthard, the Swiss energy minister, said Switzerland would put off plans to build nuclear plants. She said no new ones would be permitted until experts had reviewed safety standards.

Germany will put off “the recently decided extension of the running time of German nuclear plants,” Chancellor Angela Merkel told reporters. “This moratorium（延缓）will run for three months and it will allow for a thorough examination of the safety standards of the county’s 17 nuclear power plants.

The European Union called for a meeting on Tuesday of nuclear safety authorities to assess Europe’s preparedness.

Germany’s foreign minister, Guido Westerwelle, called for a new risk analysis of the country’s nuclear plants, particularly regarding their cooling systems. He is the leader of the Free Democratic Party, which strongly supports nuclear power.

A previous government, led by the Social Democrats, passed a law in 2001 to close all the country’s nuclear plants by 2021. But Mrs. Merkel’s government changed that decision last year to extend the lives of the plants by an average of 12 years.

In Switzerland, Doris Leuthard said she had already asked to analyze the exact cause of the problems in Japan and draw up new or tougher safety standards “particularly in terms of seismic(地震的) safety and cooling.”

In Russia, the Prime Minister said his government would “draw conclusions from what’s going on in Japan.”

1.Where can you most likely read this passage?

2.How will Germany react to Japan’s nuclear crisis?

3.The author mentions all the following EXCEPT ______.

4.What is the best title of the passage?

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The crisis(危机) at Japan’s Fukushima Dai-Ichi nuclear(核) energy center caused by the terrible earthquake has raised questions about the future of the nuclear energy industry. Arjun Makhijani is president of the Institute for Energy and Environmental Research in the United States. He says the disaster(灾难)in Japan is historic.

This week, the chairman of America’s nuclear agency said there is little chance that harmful radiation(辐射) from Japan could reach the United States. Gregory also said America has a strong program in place to deal with earthquake threats. No new nuclear power centers have been built in the United States since nineteen seventy-nine. That was when America’s worst nuclear accident happened at the Three Mile Island center in Pennsylvania. The accident began to turn public opinion against nuclear energy. At present, about twenty percent of electricity in the United States comes from nuclear energy.

German Chancellor Angela Merkel said Germany would close seven nuclear power centers while energy policy is reconsidered. The European Union is planning to test all centers in its twenty-seven member nations.

Developing nations are less willing to slow nuclear expansion. China said it will continue with plans to build about twenty-five new nuclear reactors（反应堆）. And India, under a cooperation agreement with the United States, plans to spend billions on new centers in the coming years.

Nuclear reactors supply fourteen percent of global electricity. Nuclear energy is a clean resource, producing no carbon gases. But radioactive waste is a serious unresolved issue. So is the presence of nuclear power centers in earthquake areas like the one near Bushehr, Iran.

1..

We can learn from the text that America ________.

A. experienced a terrible nuclear accident 32 years ago

B. has a strong program to deal with radiation danger

C. depends heavily on nuclear energy to produce electricity

D. will check all the reactors before cooperating with India

2..

According to the text, which country will be most likely to have a similar disaster?

A. German.          B. Iran.            C. India.           D. China.

3..

How does the author seem to feel about the future of nuclear energy?

A. Satisfied.      B. Pleased.         C. Wordless.       D. Surprised.

4..

The best title of the text is ________.

A. Various Opinions on Japan’s Nuclear Disaster

B. Japan’s Disaster is Likely to Run out of Control

C. America Feels Great Concern for Japan’s Nuclear Crisis

D. Japan’s Disaster Throws Doubt on Nuclear Energy Industry

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_______ Japan’s nuclear crisis (核危机) will be solved in 2011 is not known yet.

A. That　　　　 B. If　　　　　　 　 C. Whether　　　　 D. What

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A museum in the Netherlands is trying to show visitors more of the objects it has and bring them more excitement.It is using an augmented reality（增强现实）device made by Microsoft to reach its goal.However,the use of this high-technology device started with a basic problem.

The Dutch National Museum of Antiquities does not have enough space to put all of its artifacts（人工制品）on display.So,the museum asked experts at Delft University of Science and Technology to find a way to let more visitors—especially young people—experience what the museum has to offer.

The experts used the Hololens（全息透镜）.It is a computer that shows visitors holograms,or virtual pictures that appear to have three dimensions.

Annelies Maltha,a researcher at the University,says that almost 80 percent of the artifacts at the museum are not shown to the public."So by using the Hololens,"she adds,"people can virtually visit the exhibit and see so much more."

The Dutch National Museum has artifacts like the Egyptian Temple of Teffeh.The structure was reconstructed inside the museum in 1971.It is not currently available to the public.

"The Hololens enables you to have augmented reality,instead of virtual reality,which means you can still see the temple,you can still feel the ancient vibe（氛围）around you,so to speak."The augmented reality technology gives visitors the ability to interact with their surroundings.

The researchers are using the Hololens to make three dimensional images of every room in the temple.Erik Hoglund,another researcher,explains that his team can create 3D models and add different images,movies,or animations.The effect is to make visitors feel like they are interacting with the temple.

The Hololens program is still being developed.But museum officials hope that,in the future,the Hololens will serve as a tour guide for exhibits that have been hidden from public view.

1.What does the underlined part "its goal" in Paragraph 1 mean?

A. The experience of excitement.

B. The solving of the basic problem.

C. The showing of more museum objects.

D. The use of the augmented reality device.

2.What can be learnt about the augmented reality device?

A. It has been widely applied to museums.

B. It is what we call virtual reality.

C. It is developed by Microsoft.

D. It has many hidden dangers.

3.Which of the following statements about the Hololens is TRUE?

A. It makes interactions possible.

B. It gives the museum much more space.

C. It enables visitors to have virtual reality.

D. It is a must-have item for the common people.

4.What would happen if the technology were to be applied in the museums?

a.More young people would be attracted to the museums.

b.More items of the museums would be on display.

c.People would travel back to ancient times.

d.Fewer guides would be needed.

A. abd　　 B. abc

C. acd　　 D. bcd

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With fears of a possible nuclear meltdown(核反应堆堆芯的熔毁) in Japan building up, evidence has come to light that the nation received warnings over the stability of its power plants from an international watchdog more than two years ago.

　As the Telegraph is reporting, an official from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) said in December 2008 that safety rules were out of date, and strong earthquakes would cause a “serious problem” for the power stations.

　A U.S. embassy document, by quoting（引用）an unnamed expert, states: “He (the IAEA official) explained that safety guides for earthquakes have only been updated three times in the last 35 years and that the IAEA is now re-examining them. Also, the presenter noted recent earthquakes in some cases have gone beyond the design basis for some nuclear plants, and that this is a serious problem that is now driving earthquake safety work.”

　The Telegraph also reports that the government responded to the warnings by building an emergency response center at the Fukushima Daiichi plant designed to resist magnitude-7.0 earthquakes. Friday's earthquake, originally named a magnitude-8.9 shock, has since been upgraded to magnitude-9.0.

　Other nuclear experts state IAEA officials had willingly ignored lessons from the Chernobyl disaster to protect the nuclear industry's expansion, reports Bloomberg. “After Chernobyl, all the force of the nuclear industry was directed to hide this event, for not creating damage to their reputation,”Russian nuclear accident specialist Iouli Andreyev tells Reuters, before noting that radiation from spent fuel rods（棒）stored close to reactors at Fukushima looked like an example of putting profit before safety. “The Japanese were very greedy, and they used every square inch of the space. But when you have a dense(密集的) placing of spent fuel in the basin, you have a high possibility of fire if the water is removed from the basin.”

1. From the passage, we know that ____________.

A. people fear that the nuclear meltdown will possibly become more and more serious in Japan

B. people are becoming more and more afraid of a possible nuclear meltdown in Japan

C. Japan made no response to the warnings over the safety of its power plants

D. Iouli Andreyev warned Japan not to store spent fuel rods close to reactors

2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. Japan was warned of the stability of its power plants when they were built over 2 years ago.

B. Safety guides for earthquakes should be updated three times in 35 years.

C. The emergency response centre at the Fukushima Daiichi plant can not resist Friday’s

earthquake.

D. IAEA officials advised Japan to ignore lessons from the Chernobyl disaster.

3. IAEA officials were willing to ignore lessons from the Chernobyl disaster because they want ________.

A. to put profit before safety.         B. the nuclear industry to develop

C. to protect the reputation of Japan        D. every inch of land to be made good use of

4.The writer develops this passage mainly by__________.

A. making comments              B. providing facts

C. quoting what experts say             D. analysing what happened

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The English in this story has been simplified to make it easier _______.

A. to be understood     B. understood           C. understanding    D. to understand

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