DNA left at a crime scene could be used in th...

DNA left at a crime scene could be used in the future to build up a picture of an offender’s face, it was revealed tonight.

A first step towards genetic mugshots has been taken by researchers in the US who link specific DNA markers with face shape. To identify the genes, they focused on known mutations(突变) that cause changes of the face and head. Normal versions of these genes were found to influence individual features. For instance, one gene affected the lips, another the shape and configuration of bones around the eyes, and a third the appearance of the mid-face and skull. In total, 20 genes had “significant effects” on facial appearance.

Lead scientist Professor Mark Shriver, from Pennsylvania State University, said: “We use DNA to match to an individual or identify an individual, but you can get so much more from DNA. Currently we can’t go from DNA to a face, or from a face to DNA, but it should be possible.” The implications are far reaching, raising the possibility of creating a data bank of facial types based on genetic markers. DNA from a crime scene could then be used to produce a rough image of the face of an offender or victim. Such genetic mugshots may be more reliable than computer-generated “e-fits” based on witnesses’ recollections. Other uses of the technique might include proving the identity of fathers in paternity cases, or visualising our remote ancestors from fossil DNA.

The scientists wrote in the online journal Public Library of Science Genetics: “Such predictive modelling could be forensically useful; for example, DNA left at crime scenes could be tested and faces predicted in order to help to narrow the pool of potential suspects. Further, our methods could be used to predict the facial features of descendants, deceased ancestors, and even extinct human species. In addition, these methods could prove to be useful diagnostic tools.” The team developed a model which first established a range of physical face shapes from people of mixed West African and European ancestry from the US, Brazil and Cape Verde. Measurements were taken of thousands of point co-ordinates on grids placed over 3D images of the faces.

Statistical methods were then used to determine the relationship between facial differences and the effects of gender, ethnic ancestry and individual gene variants.

1.The underlined word “mugshots” in the second paragraph most probably means _________.

A. different faces        B. characteristics    C. pictures of faces     D. genders

2.What can be inferred from the passage?

A. DNA has been used to build up a picture of an offender’s face.

B. It may be much easier to catch criminals with the help of DNA.

C. In all, 20 genes had “significant effects” on facial appearance.

D. One gene can affect more than one part of your face.

3.According to Professor Mark Shriver, we know_________.

A. they can merely match to an individual or identify an individual

B. there is a possibility of going from DNA to a face

C. DNA could be used to produce a rough image of an offender’s face

D. this technology is more reliable than computer-generated “e-fits”

4.What is the most possible title of the passage?

A. Creating a data bank of DNA

B. Recognizing the DNA of criminals

C. Predicting the location of offence using DNA

D. Building image of offender’s face from DNA

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Your money could _______ better use instead of _____ idle in the bank．

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

A thief who dropped a winning lottery ticket at the scene of his crime has been given a

lesson in honesty. His victim, who picked up the ticket, then claimed the $25,000 prize, managed to trace him, and handed over the cash. The robbery happened when maths professor VinicioSabbatucci, 58, was changing a tire on an Italian motorway. Another motorist, who stopped “to

help”, stole a suitcase from his car and drove off. The professor found the dropped ticket and put  it in his pocket before driving home to Ascoli in eastern Italy.

Next day, he saw the lottery results on TV and, taking out the ticket, realized it was a winner.He claimed the 60 million lire(里拉)prize. Then he began a battle with his conscience. Finally, he

decided he could not keep the money despite having been robbed. He advertised in newspapers

and on the radio, saying, “I’m trying to find the man who robbed me. I have 60 million lire for him—a lottery win. Please meet me. Anonymity(匿名)guaranteed.”

Professor Sabbatucci received hundreds of calls from people hoping to trick him into

handing them the cash. But there was one voice he recognized and he arranged to meet the man

In a park.The robber, a 35‐year-old unemployed father of two, gave back the suitcase and burst

into tears. He could not believe what was happening. “Why didn’t you keep the money?” he

asked. The professor replied, “I couldn’t because it’s not mine.” Then he walked off, spurning the thief’s offer of a reward.

1.The sentence “Then he began a battle with his conscience.” in Paragraph 2 implies all of the

following except that _________.

A. he thought for a moment of avenging himself on the robber

B. he hesitated about keeping the money for some time

C. he knew what he should do as soon as he saw the lottery results

D. he came to realize that honesty is more important than money

2.Why did hundreds of people phone Professor Sabbaturcci ?

A. wanted to make fun of him　　 B. hoped to get the money

C. knew who the robber was　　 D. lost the lottery ticket

3.How did the robber feel when the victim wanted to find him?

A. Excited　　 B. Frightened　　 C. Ashamed　　 D. Incredible

4.If the story appears in a newspaper,what might be the best title ?

A. A Thief’s Lucky Day　　 B. A Popular Maths Professor

C. A Magic Lottery　　 D. A Reward of Honesty

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

A thief dropped a winning lottery ticket（彩票）at the scene of his crime has been given a lesson in _______. The man whom he robbed _______the ticket and won the ￡25,000 prize, but he managed to find the thief,and handed over _______.

The robbery happened when Professor Sabbatuccci was changing a tyre on a highway.Another motorist， who stopped‘to_______', stole a suitcase from his car and drove off.The professor found the_______ticket and brought it home.

Next day， the professor saw the lottery_______on TV and realized it was a winner.He_______the ￡25,000 prize， but he decided not to keep the money.He made an announcement on the radio，_______:‘I'm trying to find the man who robbed me.I have ￡25，000 for him-a lottery_______.Please meet me.'

The professor received hundreds of________from people who were hoping to________him into handing them the money.But there was one voice he________-and he arranged to meet the man in a park.

The robber gave back the________and burst into tears.He could not ________what was happening.‘Why didn't you keep the money?'he asked.The professor replied：‘Because it's not mine.'Then he walked off， turning down the thief's________to share the prize.

1.A.friendship B.honesty C.bravery D.adventure

2.A.sent B.took out C.bought D.picked up

3.A.crime B.ticket C.money D.evidence

4.A.repair B.rest C.watch D.help

5.A.left B.dropped C.forgotten D.damaged

6.A.results B.story C.loss D.sales

7.A.presented B.took C.donated D.shared

8.A.joking B.saying C.wondering D.replying

9.A.number B.luck C.win D.receipt

10.A.notes B.emails C.letters D.calls

11.A.trick B.persuade C.lead D.draw

12.A.recognized B.remembered C.recorded D.recovered

13.A.car B.suitcase C.money D.check

14.A.imagine B.blame C.believe D.realize

15.A.deal B.promise C.payment D.offer

高三英语完形填空简单题查看答案及解析

A thief who dropped a winning lottery ticket at the scene of his crime has been given a lesson in honesty. His victim, who picked up the ticket,  then claimed the ￡25000 prize, managed to trace him, and handed over the cash. The robbery happened when maths professor Vinicio Sabhatucci, 58, was changing a tyre on an Italian motorway. Another motorist, who stopped "to help", stole a suitcase from his car and drove off. The professor found the dropped ticket and put it in his pocket before driving home to Ascoli in eastern Italy.

Next day, he saw the lottery results on TV and, taking out the ticket, realized it was a  winner. He claimed the 60 million lire prize. Then he began a battle with his conscience. Finally, he decided he could not keep the money despite having been robbed. He advertised in newspapers and on radio, saying, "I'm trying to find the man who robbed me. I have 60 million lire for him--a lottery win. Please meet me. Anonymity guaranteed."

Professor Sabbatucci received hundreds of calls from people hoping to trick him into handing them the cash. But there was one voice he recognized--and he arranged to meet the man in a park. The robber, a 35-year-old unemployed father of two, gave back the suitcase and burst into tears. He could not behave what was happening. "Why didn't you keep the money?" he asked. The professor replied, "I couldn't, because it's not mine." Then he walked off, spurning the thief's offer of a reward.

1.The sentence "Then he began a battle with his conscience." in Paragraph 2 implies all of the following EXCEPT that

A. he knew what he should do as soon as he saw the lottery results

B. he hesitated about keeping the money for some time

C. he thought for a moment of avenging himself on the robber

D. he came to realize that honesty is more important than money

2.Hundreds of people phoned professor Sabhatucci because they________.

A. wanted to make fun of him   B. hoped to get the money

C. knew who the robber was    D. lost the lottery ticket

3.The underlined word "spurning” in the last sentence can be replaced by________.

A. accepting      B. claiming      C. rejecting      D. canceling

4.If the story appears in a newspaper, the best title might be ________.

A. A Thief's lucky Day        B. A popular Maths Professor

C. A Magic lottery           D. A Reward of Honesty

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

If you could change your child's DNA in the future to protect them against diseases, would you? It could be possible because of technology known as CRISPR- Cas, or just CRISPR.

CRISPR involves a piece of RNA, a chemical messenger, designed to work on one part of DNA； it also uses an enzyme (If) that can take unwanted genes out and put new ones in, according to The Economist. There are other ways of editing DNA, but CRISPR will do it very simply, quickly, and exactly.

The uses of CRISPR could mean that cures are developed for everything from Alzheimer's to cancer to HIV. By allowing doctors to put just the right cancer-killing genes into a patient's immune system, the technology could help greatly.

In April scientists in China said they had tried using CRISPR to edit the genomes (基因组)of human embryos. Though the embryos would never turn into humans, this was the first time anyone had ever tried to edit DNA from human beings. With this in mind, the US' National Academy of Sciences plans to discuss questions about CRISPR s ethics(伦理问题).For example? CRISPR doesn't work properly yet. As well as cutting the DNA it is looking for, it often cuts other DNA, too. In addition, we currently seem to have too little understanding of what DNA gives people what qualities.

There are also moral questions around playing God”. Of course, medicine already stops natural things from happening-for example, it saves people from infections. The opportunities to treat diseases make it hard to say we shouldn't keep going.

A harder question is whether it is ever right to edit human germ-line(种系)cells and make changes that are passed on to children. This is banned in 40 countries and restricted in many others. However, CRISPR means that if genes can be edited out, they can also be edited back in. It may be up to us as a society to decide when and where editing the genome is wrong.

Also, according to The Economist, gene editing may mean that parents make choices that are not obviously in the best interests of their children: “Deaf parents may prefer their children to be deaf too； parents might want to make their children more intelligent at all costs.

In the end, more research is still needed to see what we can and can't do with CRISPR. “It's still a huge mystery how we work,” Craig Mello? a UMass Medical School biologist and Nobel Prize winner, told The Boston Globe, "We're just trying to figure out this amazingly complicated thing we call life.

1.What is the passage mainly about?

A.What we can and can't do with CRISPR.

B.How CRISPR was developed by scientists.

C.The advantages of CRISPR and arguments about its ethics.

D.Scientists' experiments of using CRISPR to edit human embryos.

2.According to the passage, the technology of CRISPR .

A.is very safe because it only cuts the DNA it is looking for

B.is banned in most countries and restricted in many others

C.could cause parents to make unwise choices for their children

D.could help us discover the link between DNA and the qualities it gives people

3.It can be inferred from the passage that .

A.all diseases could probably be cured through the uses of CRISPR

B.scientists had never edited genomes before CRISPR was invented

C.CRISPR is a technology that uses an enzyme to work on RNA and DNA

D.CRISPR has proven to be the most effective way to protect children against diseases

4.What is the author's attitude towards CRISPR?

A.Supportive. B.Worried. C.Negative. D.Objective.

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

If you could change your child's DNA in the future to protect them against diseases, would you? It could be possible because of technology known as CRISPR- Cas, or just CRISPR.

CRISPR involves a piece of RNA, a chemical messenger, designed to work on one part of DNA; it also uses an enzyme that can take unwanted genes out and put new ones in, according to The Economist. There are other ways of editing DNA, but CRISPR will do it very simply, quickly, and exactly.

The uses of CRISPR could mean that cures are developed for everything from Alzheimer's to cancer to HIV. By allowing doctors to put just the right cancer-killing genes into a patient's immune system, the technology could help greatly.

The US' National Academy of Sciences plans to discuss questions about CRISPR s ethics(伦理问题). For example, CRISPR doesn't work properly yet. As well as cutting the DNA it is looking for, it often cuts other DNA, too. In addition, we currently seem to have too little understanding of what DNA gives people what qualities.

There are also moral questions around playing God. Of course, medicine already stops natural things from happening-for example, it saves people from infections. The opportunities to treat diseases make it hard to say we shouldn't keep going.

Also, according to The Economist, gene editing may mean that parents make choices that are not obviously in the best interests of their children: “Deaf parents may prefer their children to be deaf too; parents might want to make their children more intelligent at all costs.”

In the end, more research is still needed to see what we can and can't do with CRISPR. “It's still a huge mystery how we work,” Craig Mello, a UMass Medical School biologist and Nobel Prize winner, told The Boston Globe, “We're just trying to figure out this amazingly complicated thing we call life.”

1.What is the passage mainly about?

A.What we can and can't do with CRISPR.

B.The advantages of CRISPR and arguments about its ethics.

C.How CRISPR was developed by scientists.

D.Scientists' experiments of using CRISPR to edit human embryos.

2.What does the writer mean by saying “playing God” in Para. 5?

A.Playing jokes on religious people.

B.Asking God to help deal with moral questions.

C.Following the instructions of God.

D.Doing things that go against nature.

3.According to the passage, the technology of CRISPR　　　　　　　 .

A.is very safe because it only cuts the DNA it is looking for

B.is very helpful to cure people of any disease

C.could cause parents to make unwise choices for their children

D.could help us understand how complicated life is

4.What is the author's attitude towards CRISPR?

A.Objective. B.Worried.

C.Negative. D.Supportive.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

_____more countries can use natural energy in the future remains to be seen.

高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

In the near future，we may be using our eyes to operate our smart-phones and tablets，even when it comes to playing popular games like Fruit Ninja．

The Gaze Group has been developing eye-controlled computer technology for nearly 20 years．But those devices have been firstly designed to help those with disabilities，and are very expensive．

“After a while，we figured out that probably the best way is to go for a mass-market way，” says Gaze’s Sune Alstrup Johansen．“where everybody would have this available．"

Johansen and some of his colleagues have formed a new company，the Eye Tribe，which is hoping to develop the technology on a mass commercial level．

The technology works with the help of the computing device toward the user’s face． After making sure of the user’s eye movements，the technology is then able to easily find where a person’s eyes are moving，and then allow the eyes to control a cursor（光标）．

“Our software can then determine the location of the eyes and know where you’re looking on the screen to make sure what you’re looking at，“reads an explanation on the Eye Tribe site．

There has been a gradual change toward hands-free technology in recent years， particularly in the gaming world．Recently Xbox released the Kinect device，which lets users control their Xbox and play certain games using only their hands，legs and voices． But still，most of these devices have been more of a gimmick than a practical way to use one’s hands to control a mobile device．Johansen said a replaceable filter（滤光器）would be a cheap，convenient way for most consumers．

And even as companies like The Eye Tribe work to create such a product for the average user, making the eye-controlled technology more accessible and less expensive will have similar benefits for physically disabled users.

For more articles on modern science，please CLICK here．

1.Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?

A．An introduction of a new device．

B．An introduction of smart-phones．

C．An introduction of eye-controlling technology．

D．An introduction of a new technology for the disabled．

2.The underlined word“gimmick” probably means________.

A．a trick      B．a way  C．a lie     D．a dream

3.According to the passage，we can learn that________.

A．the eye-controlling technology was first developed for the blind

B．the present developing 0f the technology will bring no good

C．there is no such a phone as we can use only with our eyes at present

D．the eye-controlling technology is only intended for the disabled people

4.This passage is probably taken from________.

A．an experiment report         B．a science fiction

C．a school textbook                  D．a science website

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

In the near future, we may be using our eyes to operate our smart-phones and tablets, even when it comes to playing popular games like Fruit Ninja.

The Gaze Group has been developing eye-controlled computer technology for nearly 20 years. But those devices have been firstly designed to help those with disabilities, and are very expensive.

“After a while, we figured out that probably the best way is to go for a mass-market way,” says Gaze’s Sune Alstrup Johansen. “where everybody would have this available."

Johansen and some of his colleagues have formed a new company, the Eye Tribe, which is hoping to develop the technology on a mass commercial level.

The technology works with the help of the computing device toward the user’s face. After making sure of the user’s eye movements, the technology is then able to easily find where a person’s eyes are moving, and then allow the eyes to control a cursor(光标).

“Our software can then determine the location of the eyes and know where you’re looking on the screen to make sure what you’re looking at, ” reads an explanation on the Eye Tribe site.

There has been a gradual change toward hands-free technology in recent years, particularly in the gaming world. Recently Xbox released the Kinect device, which lets users control their Xbox and play certain games using only their hands, legs and voices. But still, most of these devices have been more of a gimmick than a practical way to use one’s hands to control a mobile device. Johansen said a replaceable filter(滤光器)would be a cheap, convenient way for most consumers.

And even as companies like The Eye Tribe work to create such a product for the average user, making the eye-controlled technology more accessible and less expensive will have similar benefits for physically disabled users.

For more articles on modern science，please CLICK here．

1.Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?

A. An introduction of eye-controlling technology

B. An introduction of a new device.

C. An introduction of smart-phones

D. An introduction of a new technology for the disabled.

2.The underlined word “gimmick” probably means ___________.

A. a way                           B. a trick                          C. a lie                             D. a dream

3.According to the passage, we can learn that ___________.

A. the eye-controlling technology was first developed for the blind

B. the present developing of the technology will bring no good

C. the eye-controlling technology is only intended for the disabled people

D. there is no such a phone as we can use only with our eyes at present

4.This passage is probably taken from ___________.

A. an experiment report                               B. a science fiction

C. a science website                                     D. a school textbook

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析