Bike sharing have become popular words in cities from Cape Town to Shanghai to Melbourne. Planners, politicians and media keep showing off their benefits: reducing pollution, congestion, travel costs and oil dependence, while improving public health. Bike sharing also helps make cities appear modern, dynamic and world-wide—qualities much sought after by the creative class.
But what makes for a successful public bike-sharing program? This is an important question because installing one requires significant public and private investment and adjustment to the built environment.
While many programs have been launched among much praise, often their popularity has soon declined. Many end up operating at a financial loss and depend on other profitable enterprises to cross-subsidize(交叉补贴) them. Some have resulted in thrown-away bikes becoming an eyesore.
Understanding which factors enhance or stop public bike sharing is critical in helping cities decide whether such a program is workable, before considering what design and sitting will work best.
Drawing on current knowledge, we discuss the importance of the local landscape, climate, cycling infrastructure (基础设施) and land use. We also touch on other factors, such as the legal environment and the characteristics of the bike-sharing program itself.
Take natural environment for example. Two natural environment factors are known to affect participation: hilliness and weather. Hilliness discourages balanced bike-sharing use, as users avoid returning bicycles to stations on hilltops. Those stations end up being empty, while stations on flat areas are often full, so users cannot find a station to return their bikes.
As for weather, ideal temperature ranges vary by the climate zone. Case studies show warm and dry weather encourages public bike-sharing use. Rain and strong wind reduce the frequency of trips. However, some approaches, such as providing sheltered, shaded, or even heated or cooled cycling infrastructure, could prove useful.
1.What can we infer about bike sharing from Paragraph 1?
A. It has no disadvantage. B. It is welcomed worldwide.
C. It can solve every problem. D. It is the symbol of modern cities.
2.What is the current situation of bike-sharing programs?
A. Many of them run at a loss. B. Most of them make huge profits.
C. They are the most promising business. D. Their development is determined by public investment.
3.Why does the author mention the natural environment?
A. To show user’s interest in various natural environment.
B. To show the decisive function of natural environment.
C. To show the necessity of bike-sharing programs.
D. To show the significance of some factors.
4.Which of the following might increase bike-sharing use?
A. Hilliness. B. Attractive bikes.
C. Rain and strong wind. D. Perfect cycling infrastructure.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
Bike sharing have become popular words in cities from Cape Town to Shanghai to Melbourne. Planners, politicians and media keep showing off their benefits: reducing pollution, congestion, travel costs and oil dependence, while improving public health. Bike sharing also helps make cities appear modern, dynamic and world-wide—qualities much sought after by the creative class.
But what makes for a successful public bike-sharing program? This is an important question because installing one requires significant public and private investment and adjustment to the built environment.
While many programs have been launched among much praise, often their popularity has soon declined. Many end up operating at a financial loss and depend on other profitable enterprises to cross-subsidize(交叉补贴) them. Some have resulted in thrown-away bikes becoming an eyesore.
Understanding which factors enhance or stop public bike sharing is critical in helping cities decide whether such a program is workable, before considering what design and sitting will work best.
Drawing on current knowledge, we discuss the importance of the local landscape, climate, cycling infrastructure (基础设施) and land use. We also touch on other factors, such as the legal environment and the characteristics of the bike-sharing program itself.
Take natural environment for example. Two natural environment factors are known to affect participation: hilliness and weather. Hilliness discourages balanced bike-sharing use, as users avoid returning bicycles to stations on hilltops. Those stations end up being empty, while stations on flat areas are often full, so users cannot find a station to return their bikes.
As for weather, ideal temperature ranges vary by the climate zone. Case studies show warm and dry weather encourages public bike-sharing use. Rain and strong wind reduce the frequency of trips. However, some approaches, such as providing sheltered, shaded, or even heated or cooled cycling infrastructure, could prove useful.
1.What can we infer about bike sharing from Paragraph 1?
A. It has no disadvantage. B. It is welcomed worldwide.
C. It can solve every problem. D. It is the symbol of modern cities.
2.What is the current situation of bike-sharing programs?
A. Many of them run at a loss. B. Most of them make huge profits.
C. They are the most promising business. D. Their development is determined by public investment.
3.Why does the author mention the natural environment?
A. To show user’s interest in various natural environment.
B. To show the decisive function of natural environment.
C. To show the necessity of bike-sharing programs.
D. To show the significance of some factors.
4.Which of the following might increase bike-sharing use?
A. Hilliness. B. Attractive bikes.
C. Rain and strong wind. D. Perfect cycling infrastructure.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Cities such as New York, Washington, Boston and San Francisco have launched bike-share programs to ease traffic jam, improve public health, and cut carbon emissions (排放). Cyclists in those cities tend to choose bike-sharing to make their trips to office or home faster, cheaper, and more fun. Last year, U.S. bike-share riders completed nearly 46 million trips—more than twice as many trips from the previous year.
Yet despite these programs’ advantages and popularity, there are still huge challenges. Take, for instance, the distribution (分布) of bikes. The living area face shortages of bicycles in the morning rush, while business districts do not have enough bikes in the evening. What’s more, parking places can be full at certain hours, making it difficult for riders to return the bikes once they’ve reached their destinations.
Solving this problem is not easy. David B. Shmoys and his colleagues set out to develop complex algorithms(算法) and advanced analytics(逻辑法) to solve the challenges of bike-share operations.
One area in which the methods were applied was the Bike Angels program. As part of the program, cyclists can be rewarded with points by renting or returning bikes at certain high-need stations. Today, Bike Angels accounts for roughly 30 percent of bike rebalancing in New York City. It has greatly improved customer satisfaction which, in turn, has more riders. And more importantly, this form of rebalancing comes with a much less carbon emissions, because less box trucks are needed to move the bikes!
David B. Shmoys and his colleagues applied algorithms and analytics to solve other problems, too. However, they can not solve every new transportation problem. They have many limitations, including incomplete information. That is, David B. Shmoys and his colleagues only observe the realized rentals (returns) at stations at which bikes were available, not those that were blocked due to the imbalance of the system.
1.Which is not one of the advantages of bike-share program?
A.It helps people save money.
B.It helps improve the air quality.
C.It provides more bikes for cyclists.
D.It helps people build up their bodies.
2.What is mainly talked about in paragraph 2?
A.Riders do not want to return the bikes.
B.The distribution of bikes is a big problem.
C.People do not have enough bikes in the morning.
D.The bike-share program is very popular in New York.
3.What do we know about the Bike Angels program?
A.It had more users due to the algorithms.
B.It increased the use of box trucks.
C.It awarded riders cash for renting bikes.
D.It re-balanced all the bikes in New York.
4.What does the underlined word “they” in the last paragraph probably refer to?
A.other problems
B.carbon emissions
C.algorithms and analytics
D.Transportation problems
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Recently, online hike-sharing has become the new favorite in China. In major cities, bikes in, yellow, orange, blue, white and green, can be seen almost everywhere on the street. It seems that these bikes appeared suddenly, adding a new beautiful scenery to Chinese cities.
Both the market and the public welcome online bike-sharing, but is it really a promising business? Well, it depends. After all, online bike-sharing platforms can never get away with huge operating cost and uncertain government policy.
Some theorists might say that online bike-sharing platforms can earn a fortune simply through deposit. Since users will always need to rent bikes, their deposit will always be kept to online bike-sharing platforms.
However，although online bike-sharing platforms may be able to use the deposit for other purposes at the primary stage, they will have to set up a special account, so that the deposit shall be used specially for its designated (指定的) purpose. As the market gets increasingly mature, they will have to do so whether to be responsible for users or in consideration of possible government regulations.
Now that online hike-sharing platforms can，t make profit through deposit，how can they become profitable as fiercer market unfolds? Although Hu Weiwei, CEO of Mobike, stated in an article that she would take Mobike as charitable(慈善的) project if she failed, running a startup is absolutely different from managing a charity organization. After all , she has to pay back investors’ billions of investment(投资).
To make profit, online bike-sharing platforms might have toincrease rent fee for each trip, just as Didi did
From this aspect, it might be a really good business. If we consider full screen ads fee, recommendation fee for business owners, etc. , its annual income might reach at least RMB 15 billion. If we consider the huge operation cost, including bike repairs，bikes’ service life and labor cost, there might not be much net profit left. After all, offline operation cost has always been an unbearable burden for such internet plus mode-based startups.
1.How does the author feel about the future of online bike-sharing platforms?
A. Optimistic. B. Doubtful.
C. Hopeful. D. Secure.
2.How do some theorists think online bike-sharing platforms can make money?
A. Through advertisements. B. Through services.
C. Through deposit. D. Through investment.
3.How should deposit be dealt with when the market is mature according to the author?
A. Used for other purposes. B. Kept in a special account.
C. Used for charity. D. Left aside to the users.
4.What does the underlined word “unfolds” mean in the passage?
A. Shrinks. B. Spreads. C. Shows. D. Develops.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Recently, online hike-sharing has become the new favorite in China. In major cities, bikes in, yellow, orange, blue, white and green, can be seen almost everywhere on the street. It seems that these bikes appeared suddenly, adding a new beautiful scenery to Chinese cities.
Both the market and the public welcome online bike-sharing, but is it really a promising business? Well, it depends. After all, online bike-sharing platforms can never get away with huge operating cost and uncertain government policy.
Some theorists might say that online bike-sharing platforms can earn a fortune simply through deposit. Since users will always need to rent bikes, their deposit will always be kept to online bike-sharing platforms.
However, although online bike-sharing platforms may be able to use the deposit for other purposes at the primary stage, they will have to set up a special account, so that the deposit shall be used specially for its designated (指定的) purpose. As the market gets increasingly mature, they will have to do so whether to be responsible for users or in consideration of possible government regulations.
Now that online hike-sharing platforms can’t make profit through deposit，how can they become profitable as fiercer market unfolds? Although Hu Weiwei, CEO of Mobike, stated in an article that she would take Mobike as charitable(慈善的) project if she failed, running a startup is absolutely different from managing a charity organization. After all , she has to pay back investors’ billions of investment(投资).
To make profit, online bike-sharing platforms might have to increase rent fee for each trip, just as Didi did.
From this aspect, it might be a really good business. If we consider full screen ads fee, recommendation fee for business owners, etc. , its annual income might reach at least RMB 15 billion. If we consider the huge operation cost, including bike repairs，bikes’ service life and labor cost, there might not be much net profit left. After all, offline operation cost has always been an unbearable burden for such internet plus mode-based startups.
1.How does the author feel about the future of online bike-sharing platforms?
A. Optimistic. B. Doubtful.
C. Hopeful. D. Secure.
2.How do some theorists think online bike-sharing platforms can make money?
A. Through advertisements. B. Through services.
C. Through deposit. D. Through investment.
3.How should deposit be dealt with when the market is mature according to the author?
A. Used for other purposes.
B. Kept in a special account.
C. Used for charity.
D. Left aside to the users.
4.What does the underlined word ＂unfolds＂ mean in the passage?
A. Shrinks. B. Spreads.
C. Shows. D. Develops.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Eco City Farms are becoming more popular in cities and towns around the Unites States.
Eco City Farms in Edmonton, Maryland, is located near shopping centers, car repair shops and homes. The neighborhood is a working-class community. People do not have very much money. And they have limited access to fresh food in markets.
Over the past two years, the farm has attracted volunteers form the community like Marcy Clark. She schools her four children at home. On a recent day she brought them to Eco City Farms for a lesson, her son Alston Clark thinks his experience is very valuable. “I like coming out here,” he says, “You know, you connect with the earth, where your food comes from. You appreciate the food a little bit more.”
Margaret Morgan started Eco City Farms. She thinks of it as a place where people can learn to live healthier lives. “Growing food in a community brings people together, ”she continues, “Every piece of what we do here is a demonstration (范例) to show people everything about how to have an eco-friendly community.” she says. From the Eco City Farms people come to know that they are not only growing food and raising chickens and bees, but improving the soil with compost (肥料) made from food waste.
Eco City Farms is an experimental operation. The farm gets its power not from the local electricity networks, but from the sun with solar panels (板). In winter, the green house use a geothermal (地热) system.
Vegetables can be grown all year. So once a week, all winter long, neighbors like Chris Moss and her three children bike to the farm to pick up a share of the harvest.
“I like eating the vegetables” say five-year-old Owen Moss.
1.What is mainly talked about in the passage?
A．Eco City Farms save a lot of energy.
B．Eco City Farms are influencing community life.
C．Eco City Farms helps the working-class live better.
D．Eco City Farms are gaining popularity.
2.What is the author’s attitude toward Eco City Farms?
A．Enthusiastic. B．Disappointed.
C．Surprised. D．Doubtful.
3.According to the passage, Eco City Farms are close to the following places EXCEPT______.
A．shopping centers
B．car repair shops
C．fast-food restaurants
D．working-class community
4.In which of a newspaper can you most probably read this article?
A．People. B．Travel.
C．Environment. D．Education.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Golf is rapidly becoming more popular. Near some towns and cities new courses are being built in ________.
A．what is farmland B．what farmland is
C．what farmland was D．what was farmland
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式（不多于3个单词）。
A new word has suddenly become wildly popular in China---“tuhao” --- ___1.___ loosely translated means “nouveau riche (new rich).” There ___2.___ (be) more than 100 million references to the word “tuhao” on social media since early September this year.
It's being used to describe ___3.___ from the new People's Daily building, to expensive celebrity weddings full of bling-bling （惹人注目的昂贵首饰）, and the new gold-coloured iPhone.
In Chinese “tu” means earth, and “hao” means rich. To say someone is a tuhao is to imply they come ___4.___ a poor peasant background, and have made it rich quick, but don't quite have the manners, or taste to go along with it. It's ___5.___ the term “nouveau riche”, but has even more negative meaning, suggesting a certain vulgarity(庸俗).
This new usage of the term took off in September after a widely-shared joke about a rich, but ___6.___ (happy) man. He goes to a Buddhist monk for advice and expects to ___7.___ (tell) to live a more simple life. But the monk replies instead with the phrase: "Tuhao, let's be friends!"
Chinese Internet users are highly ___8.___ (create) in their use of language, and are constantly inventing, and re-inventing words for better expressions of some social phenomena. In this case, the popularity of the word “tuhao” seems to reflect the fact ___9.___ , in current Chinese society, many people laugh at ___10.___ with wealth, but are secretly jealous.
高三英语其他题中等难度题查看答案及解析
Bike Share Toronto is the city’s official bike share program, designed to give locals and visitors a fun, affordable and convenient alternative to walking, taxis, buses and the subway. There are 200 Bike Share Toronto stations and 2,000 bikes across the city, making Bike Share the most accessible way to get around and explore.
How it works
●Become an Annual Member or buy a day Pass to access the system.
●Find an available bike nearby, and get a ride code or use your member key to unlock it.
●Take as many short rides as you want while your pass or membership is active.
●Return your bike to any station, and wait for the green light on the dock(停靠点)to make sure it’s locked.
Choose a plan
●For visitors
Day Pass: $7. Unlimited 30-minute rides in a 24-hour period.
3-Day Pass: $15. Unlimited 30-minute rides in a 72-hour period.
●For locals
Monthly Pass: $25. Unlimited 30-minute rides for a month.
Annual Membership: $90. Unlimited 30-minute rides for a whole year. The Annual Membership is the best deal for locals of Toronto and other frequent riders.
The first 30 minutes of each ride is included with the membership or pass price. Avoid extra fees by dropping off your bike every 30 minutes at any other station. If you keep a bike out for longer than 30 minutes at a time, you will be charged an extra $1.50 for the first 30 minutes over, $4 for the next 30 minutes, and $7 for each additional 30 minutes after that.
Contact us
●Customer Service: (855)898-2388
●Repair Service: (855)-2378
●Corporation Partners: (855)898-2398
●Employment Opportunities: (855)898-2498
1.Which is the most suitable choice for locals in Toronto?
A. Day Pass B. 3-Day Pass
C. Monthly Pass D. Annual Membership
2.How much will the extra fee be if you travel for two hours by bike?
A. $5.5 B. $9.5
C. $12.5 d. $15.5
3.For more information about working at Bike Share Toronto, contact it at _________.
A. (855)898-2399 B. (855)898-2378
C. (855)8989-2398 D. (855) 898-2498
4.Which of the following statement is TRUE?
A. A member can get a code or a key to the bike
B. Bike Share Toronto is a non-profit organization
C. Shared bikes have taken the place of other vehicles
D. The green light on the dock shows the bike is unlocked
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Bike Share Toronto is the city’s official bike share program, designed to give locals and visitors a fun, affordable and convenient alternative to walking, taxis, buses and the subway. There are 200 Bike Share Toronto stations and 2,000 bikes across the city, making Bike Share the most accessible way to get around and explore.
How it works
●Become an Annual Member or buy a day Pass to access the system.
●Find an available bike nearby, and get a ride code or use your member key to unlock it.
●Take as many short rides as you want while your pass or membership is active.
●Return your bike to any station, and wait for the green light on the dock(停靠点)to make sure it’s locked.
Choose a plan
●For visitors
Day Pass: $7. Unlimited 30-minute rides in a 24-hour period.
3-Day Pass: $15. Unlimited 30-minute rides in a 72-hour period.
●For locals
Monthly Pass: $25. Unlimited 30-minute rides for a month.
Annual Membership: $90. Unlimited 30-minute rides for a whole year. The Annual Membership is the best deal for locals of Toronto and other frequent riders.
The first 30 minutes of each ride is included with the membership or pass price. Avoid extra fees by dropping off your bike every 30 minutes at any other station. If you keep a bike out for longer than 30 minutes at a time, you will be charged an extra $1.50 for the first 30 minutes over, $4 for the next 30 minutes, and $7 for each additional 30 minutes after that.
Contact us
●Customer Service: (855)898-2388
●Repair Service: (855)-2378
●Corporation Partners: (855)898-2398
●Employment Opportunities: (855)898-2498
1.Which is the most suitable choice for locals in Toronto?
A. Day Pass B. 3-Day Pass
C. Monthly Pass D. Annual Membership
2.How much will the extra fee be if you travel for two hours by bike?
A. $5.5 B. $9.5
C. $12.5 D. $15.5
3.For more information about working at Bike Share Toronto, contact it at _________.
A. (855)898-2399 B. (855)898-2378
C. (855)8989-2398 D. (855) 898-2498
4.Which of the following statement is TRUE?
A. A member can get a code or a key to the bike
B. Bike Share Toronto is a non-profit organization
C. Shared bikes have taken the place of other vehicles
D. The green light on the dock shows the bike is unlocked
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
In recent years many TV shows have become extremely popular among Chinese audience. Those programs, ranging from talent or dating shows to reality shows 1. (receive) both commercial success and public attention.
Their popularity is 2. (main) based on simple facts. First, they care 3. social concerns. Second, without exception, they explore a perfect balance between the international forms and Chinese expressions.
Despite apparent highlights, much room 4. (leave) for improvement. Above all, ___5.__ (commerce) interests often outweigh educational purposes, causing many complaints about the 6. (bearable) advertisements. In addition, some sharp remarks, 7. they are eye-catching, may have misleading effects on the youth.
In my opinion, such shows should shoulder more responsibility instead of merely 8. (entertain) the public. 9. is expected, these programs should be positive in their forms as well as functions. Meanwhile, the 10. (medium) should also safeguard the values of our society.
高三英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析