Self-confidence is an attitude which allows individuals to have positive yet realistic views of themselves and their situations. Self-confident people trust their own abilities, have a general sense of control in their lives, and believe that,within reason, they will be able to do what they wish., plan., and expect. Having self-confidence does not mean that individuals will be able to do everything. Self-confident people have expectations that are realistic. Even when some of their expectations are not met,they continue to be positive and to accept themselves.
People who are not self-confident depend too much on the approval of others in order to feel good about themselves. They tend to avoid taking risks because they fear failure. They generally do not expect to be successful. They often put themselves down and tend to ignore compliments(赞美)paid to them By contrast,self-confident people are willing to risk the disapproval of others because they generally trust their own abilities. They tend to accept themselves;they don't feel they have to conform in order to be accepted.
Many factors affect the development of self-confidence. Parents' attitudes are crucial to children's feelings about themselves,particularly in children's early years. When parents pro- vide acceptance, children receive a solid foundation for good feelings about themselves. If one or both parents are much to critical or demanding, or if they are overprotective and discourage children's moves toward independence, children may come to believe they are unqualified or inadequate.
Surprisingly, lack of self-confidence is not necessarily related to lack of ability. Instead it is often the result of focusing too much on the unrealistic expectations or standards of others, especially parents and society. Friends' influences can be as powerful or more powerful than those of parents and society in shaping feelings of one's self. Students in their college years reexamine values and develop their own identities and thus are particularly sensitive to the influence of friends.
1.Paragraph 1 mainly talks about____.
A. the sources of self-confidence
B. the benefits of self-confidence
C. the development of self-confidence
D. the lack of self-confidence
2.In Paragraph 2,the underlined word "conform" probably means“_______”.
A. refuse B. separate C. permit D. obey
3.According to the passage, self-confident people tend to____.
A. be practical B. control others
C. avoid risks D. depend on others
4.Which of the following can we learn about self-confidence according to the passage?
A. Self-confidence is usually the symbol of special abilities.
B. Parents' protection prevents children's self-confidence development.
C. Parents and friends matter in building one's self-confidence.
D. College students are the least self-confident group in society.
5.What might the author most probably continue to talk about in the following passage?
A. How we can become more acceptable.
B. Lack of self-confident has many side effects.
C. What self-confident children usually get from parents.
D. What one should avoid in building self-confidence.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
Self-confidence is an attitude which allows individuals to have positive yet realistic views of themselves and their situations. Self-confident people trust their own abilities, have a general sense of control in their lives, and believe that,within reason, they will be able to do what they wish., plan., and expect. Having self-confidence does not mean that individuals will be able to do everything. Self-confident people have expectations that are realistic. Even when some of their expectations are not met,they continue to be positive and to accept themselves.
People who are not self-confident depend too much on the approval of others in order to feel good about themselves. They tend to avoid taking risks because they fear failure. They generally do not expect to be successful. They often put themselves down and tend to ignore compliments(赞美)paid to them By contrast,self-confident people are willing to risk the disapproval of others because they generally trust their own abilities. They tend to accept themselves;they don't feel they have to conform in order to be accepted.
Many factors affect the development of self-confidence. Parents' attitudes are crucial to children's feelings about themselves,particularly in children's early years. When parents pro- vide acceptance, children receive a solid foundation for good feelings about themselves. If one or both parents are much to critical or demanding, or if they are overprotective and discourage children's moves toward independence, children may come to believe they are unqualified or inadequate.
Surprisingly, lack of self-confidence is not necessarily related to lack of ability. Instead it is often the result of focusing too much on the unrealistic expectations or standards of others, especially parents and society. Friends' influences can be as powerful or more powerful than those of parents and society in shaping feelings of one's self. Students in their college years reexamine values and develop their own identities and thus are particularly sensitive to the influence of friends.
1.Paragraph 1 mainly talks about____.
A. the sources of self-confidence
B. the benefits of self-confidence
C. the development of self-confidence
D. the lack of self-confidence
2.In Paragraph 2,the underlined word "conform" probably means“_______”.
A. refuse B. separate C. permit D. obey
3.According to the passage, self-confident people tend to____.
A. be practical B. control others
C. avoid risks D. depend on others
4.Which of the following can we learn about self-confidence according to the passage?
A. Self-confidence is usually the symbol of special abilities.
B. Parents' protection prevents children's self-confidence development.
C. Parents and friends matter in building one's self-confidence.
D. College students are the least self-confident group in society.
5.What might the author most probably continue to talk about in the following passage?
A. How we can become more acceptable.
B. Lack of self-confident has many side effects.
C. What self-confident children usually get from parents.
D. What one should avoid in building self-confidence.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Stage fright or performance anxiety is the anxiety, or fear which may occur in an individual by the requirement to perform in front of an audience. It is most commonly seen in school situations, like stand-up projects and class speeches. It has numerous forms: heart beating fast, trembling hands and legs, sweaty hands, dry mouth etc.
In fact, most of the fear occurs before you step on stage. Once you’re up there, it usually goes away. Thus, it is a phenomenon that you must learn to control. Try to think of stage fright in a positive way. It heightens your energy, adds color to your cheeks. With these good side effects you will actually look healthier and more physically attractive.
Many of the top performers in the world get stage fright so you are in good company. Stage fright may come and go or decrease, but it usually does not disappear permanently. You must concentrate on getting the feeling out and present what you have prepared calmly.
Remember “Nobody” ever died from stage fright. But, according to surveys, many people would rather die than give a speech. If that applies to you, and you are an unlucky guy who is with stage fright the whole time, try out some of the strategies(策略) as follows to help get yourself under control. Realize that you may never overcome stage fright, but you can learn to control it, and use it to your advantage.
Strategies are as follows when the program begins:
1) If legs are trembling, lean on table or shift legs or move.
2) Don’t hold notes. The audience can see them shake. Use three-by-five cards instead.
3) Use eye contact. Look at the friendliest faces in the audience.
Remember nervousness doesn’t show one-tenth as much as it feels. Before each presentation, make a short list of the items you think will make you feel better. Don’t be afraid to experiment with different combinations. You never know which ones will work best until you try. Use these steps to control stage fright so it doesn’t control you. Once you are used to stage fright, you will find you on the road to a great speech-maker.
1.Someone may be most likely to suffer from stage fright when he/she is ______.
A. attending an English class
B. standing in a classroom
C. watching a performance
D. talking in front of people
2.By thinking of stage fright in a positive way, one could ______.
A. learn to control stage fright
B. get rid of stage fright
C. calm down before stepping on stage
D. become more physically attractive
3.Which of the following is true?
A. Top performers usually suffer from stage fright.
B. Stage fright may stay with a person for a life time.
C. Nobody would rather die than give a speech.
D. No one can overcome or control stage fright.
4.The author advises people with stage fright to ______.
A. show one-tenth of their nervousness
B. experiment with different kinds of stage fright
C. refer to the strategies whenever they feel the need
D. use one of the strategies each time
5.The passage mainly talks about ______.
A. how to deal with stage fright
B. what stage fright is like
C. when stage fright occurs
D. why people have stage fright
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Just as our degree of individual freedom uncomfortable to many foreign visitors, foreign attitudes toward truth seem uncertain to Americans.
In many countries people will tell you what they think you want to hear, whether or not it is true. To them, this implies politeness. To Americans, it is considered misleading-even dishonest--to distort facts on purpose, however kind the motive. The point is ---our priorities(优先) are different; in the United States truth has a higher priority than politeness. We are taught from babyhood that “Honesty is the best policy.” Elsewhere, politeness, honor, family loyalty, “machismo” or many other values might come far ahead of honesty if one is listing priorities.
But with us, trust and truth are of paramount importance. If we say of a man, “You cannot trust him.” This is one of the most damning statements that can be made about him.
In view of such profound differences in values, it is natural that misunderstandings and irritations often occur, especially in exact areas such as the negotiation of contracts. A Mexican has said, “With us b business is like a courtship(求爱).” Americans lack this grace, but on the other hand you can count on their word. You know where you are with them; except in advertising, they will not be “whispering sweet nothings” that they do not mean in order to make you feel desirable!
“How far is it to the next village?” the American asks a man standing by the edge of the road. In some countries, because the man realizes that the traveler is tired and eager to reach his destination, he will politely say “Just down the road.” He thinks this is more encouraging, gentler, and therefore the wanted answer. So the American drives on through the night, getting more and more angry, feeling “tricked.” He thinks the man deliberately lied to him, for obviously he must have known the distance quite well.
Had conditions been reversed, the American would feel he was “cheating” the driver if he implied the next town was close when he knew it was really 15miles further on. Although, he, too, would be sympathetic to the weary driver, he would say, “you have a good way to go yet; it is at least 15 more miles.” The driver might be disappointed, but he would know what to expect.
This often-epeated question of accuracy versus courtesy leads to many misunderstandings between people of different cultures. If you are aware of the situation in advance, it is sometimes easier to recognize the problem.
67.The best title for the passage should be_______.
A.Truth or politeness B.Truth or lying
C.Cultural differences D.Honest Americans
68.In American’s view, people who tell you what they think you want to hear, whether or not it is true, are_______.
A.polite B.honest C.kind D.misleading
69.According to the author, misunderstandings and angers often occur as a result of_______.
A.the exactness of negotiation B.the importance in trust and truth
C.deep differences in values D.lack of respect
70.According to the author, Americans_______.
A.treat a business deal like a courtship
B.list honor on the top of the list of values
C.do not whisper sweet nothings in advertising
D.expect to know the exact distance when asking the way
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Just as our degree of individual freedom uncomfortable to many foreign visitors, foreign attitudes toward truth seem uncertain to Americans.
In many countries people will tell you what they think you want to hear, whether or not it is true. To them, this implies politeness. To Americans, it is considered misleading-even dishonest--to distort facts on purpose, however kind the motive. The point is ---our priorities(优先) are different; in the United States truth has a higher priority than politeness. We are taught from babyhood that “Honesty is the best policy.” Elsewhere, politeness, honor, family loyalty, “machismo” or many other values might come far ahead of honesty if one is listing priorities.
But with us, trust and truth are of paramount importance. If we say of a man, “You cannot trust him.” This is one of the most damning statements that can be made about him.
In view of such profound differences in values, it is natural that misunderstandings and irritations often occur, especially in exact areas such as the negotiation of contracts. A Mexican has said, “With us b business is like a courtship(求爱).” Americans lack this grace, but on the other hand you can count on their word. You know where you are with them; except in advertising, they will not be “whispering sweet nothings” that they do not mean in order to make you feel desirable!
“How far is it to the next village?” the American asks a man standing by the edge of the road. In some countries, because the man realizes that the traveler is tired and eager to reach his destination, he will politely say “Just down the road.” He thinks this is more encouraging, gentler, and therefore the wanted answer. So the American drives on through the night, getting more and more angry, feeling “tricked.” He thinks the man deliberately lied to him, for obviously he must have known the distance quite well.
Had conditions been reversed, the American would feel he was “cheating” the driver if he implied the next town was close when he knew it was really 15miles further on. Although, he, too, would be sympathetic to the weary driver, he would say, “you have a good way to go yet; it is at least 15 more miles.” The driver might be disappointed, but he would know what to expect.
This often-epeated question of accuracy versus courtesy leads to many misunderstandings between people of different cultures. If you are aware of the situation in advance, it is sometimes easier to recognize the problem.
67.The best title for the passage should be_______.
A.Truth or politeness B.Truth or lying
C.Cultural differences D.Honest Americans
68.In American’s view, people who tell you what they think you want to hear, whether or not it is true, are_______.
A.polite B.honest C.kind D.misleading
69.According to the author, misunderstandings and angers often occur as a result of_______.
A.the exactness of negotiation B.the importance in trust and truth
C.deep differences in values D.lack of respect
70.According to the author, Americans_______.
A.treat a business deal like a courtship
B.list honor on the top of the list of values
C.do not whisper sweet nothings in advertising
D.expect to know the exact distance when asking the way
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
To err is human. Society is suffering from an inability to acknowledge as much.
For individuals, errors are painful. The trick, then, is to err well: to recognize mistakes and learn from them. Worryingly, humanity may be getting worse at admitting its mistakes.
Few enjoy the feeling of being caught out in an error. But real trouble starts when the desire to avoid a punishment leads to a refusal to deal with contrary evidence. Economists often assume that people are sensible. When faced with a new fact, these people should update their view of the world to take better decisions in future. Yet years of economic research confirms that people frequently disregard information that conflicts with their view of the world.
Why should that be? Last year Roland Benabou, of Princeton, presented a framework for thinking about the problem. In many ways, beliefs are like other economic goods. People spend time and resources building them, and get value from them: some beliefs make owners feel good and show their public identity; other beliefs provide value by shaping behavior—for example, religious asceticism(禁欲主义) can help one avoid unhealthy habits.
Because beliefs, however, are not simply tools for making good decisions, but are treasured in their own right, new information that challenges them is unwelcome. People often engage in “motivated reasoning” to manage such challenges. Mr Benabou classifies this into three categories. “Strategic ignorance” is when a believer avoids information offering conflicting evidence. In “reality denial”, troubling evidence is rationalized(合理化):real estate investors might make up fanciful theories for why prices should behave unusually, and supporters of a disgraced politician might claim the negative news to be fake. And lastly, in “selfsignalling”, the believer creates his own tools to interpret the facts in the way he wants: an unhealthy person, for example, might decide that going for a daily run proves he is well.
“Motivated reasoning” is a cognitive bias(偏见). Not all the errors it leads to are costly: praising the performance of one's supported football team despite contradictory evidence does little harm. But when biases are broadly shared—within financial world or political parties—danger arises. Motivated reasoning helps explain why viewpoints polarize (两极分化) even as information is more easily available than ever before.
Work by Mr Benabou suggests that groupthink is highest when people within groups face a shared fate: when choosing to break from a group is unlikely to spare an individual the costs of the group's errors or bring much individual benefit. The incentive(动力) to engage in motivated reasoning is high as a result. Even as the fact on a particular issue is obvious, parties can still become increasingly polarized. That, in turn, can make it harder still for a member of one party to get any benefit from breaking from a group. Indeed, the group has an incentive to silence independent voices.
Public statements of regret are risky in a rigidly polarized world. Admissions of error can not only annoy partners but also provide opportunities for opponents. But it is rarely in the interest of those in the right to pretend that they are never wrong.
1.According to the passage, beliefs are similar to economic goods in that ________.
A.both are entertaining and valuable B.both can be shaped by religious faith
C.both can reflect who the owners are D.both promote religious development
2.Which of the following is an example of “selfsignalling”?
A.A fan speaks highly of his team although it has just lost the game.
B.A man covers his ears when stealing a bell, believing the bell won't ring.
C.Supporters of Trump believe the news about his affairs with a lady is fake.
D.Suspected AIDS carriers refuse to be tested though it can be done for free.
3.What can be inferred from Paragraphs 6 and 7?
A.Polarization causes individuals to break from the group.
B.Richer sources of information decrease motivated reasoning.
C.Individuals with independent voices are dismissed from the group.
D.Individuals in a group engage in motivated reasoning for their own interests.
4.Which of the following opinions might the author agree with?
A.Denying errors is unavoidable.
B.Failure to admit errors is harmful.
C.Humans are getting better at erring well.
D.Wise people ignore contrary worldviews.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
To err is human. Society is suffering from an inability to acknowledge as much.
For individuals, errors are painful. The trick, then, is to err well: to recognize mistakes and learn from them. Worryingly, humanity may be getting worse at admitting its mistakes.
Few enjoy the feeling of being caught out in an error. But real trouble starts when the desire to avoid a punishment leads to a refusal to deal with contrary evidence. Economists often assume that people are sensible. When faced with a new fact, these people should update their view of the world to take better decisions in future. Yet years of economic research confirms that people frequently disregard information that conflicts with their view of the world.
Why should that be? Last year Roland Benabou, of Princeton, presented a framework for thinking about the problem. In many ways, beliefs are like other economic goods. People spend time and resources building them, and get value from them: some beliefs make owners feel good and show their public identity; other beliefs provide value by shaping behavior—for example, religious asceticism(禁欲主义) can help one avoid unhealthy habits.
Because beliefs, however, are not simply tools for making good decisions, but are treasured in their own right, new information that challenges them is unwelcome. People often engage in “motivated reasoning” to manage such challenges. Mr Benabou classifies this into three categories. “Strategic ignorance” is when a believer avoids information offering conflicting evidence. In “reality denial”, troubling evidence is rationalized(合理化):real estate investors might make up fanciful theories for why prices should behave unusually, and supporters of a disgraced politician might claim the negative news to be fake. And lastly, in “selfsignalling”, the believer creates his own tools to interpret the facts in the way he wants: an unhealthy person, for example, might decide that going for a daily run proves he is well.
“Motivated reasoning” is a cognitive bias(偏见). Not all the errors it leads to are costly: praising the performance of one's supported football team despite contradictory evidence does little harm. But when biases are broadly shared—within financial world or political parties—danger arises. Motivated reasoning helps explain why viewpoints polarize (两极分化) even as information is more easily available than ever before.
Work by Mr Benabou suggests that groupthink is highest when people within groups face a shared fate: when choosing to break from a group is unlikely to spare an individual the costs of the group's errors or bring much individual benefit. The incentive(动力) to engage in motivated reasoning is high as a result. Even as the fact on a particular issue is obvious, parties can still become increasingly polarized. That, in turn, can make it harder still for a member of one party to get any benefit from breaking from a group. Indeed, the group has an incentive to silence independent voices.
Public statements of regret are risky in a rigidly polarized world. Admissions of error can not only annoy partners but also provide opportunities for opponents. But it is rarely in the interest of those in the right to pretend that they are never wrong.
1.According to the passage, beliefs are similar to economic goods in that ________.
A. both are entertaining and valuable B. both can be shaped by religious faith
C. both can reflect who the owners are D. both promote religious development
2.Which of the following is an example of “selfsignalling”?
A. A fan speaks highly of his team although it has just lost the game.
B. A man covers his ears when stealing a bell, believing the bell won't ring.
C. Supporters of Trump believe the news about his affairs with a lady is fake.
D. Suspected AIDS carriers refuse to be tested though it can be done for free.
3.What can be inferred from Paragraphs 6 and 7?
A. Polarization causes individuals to break from the group.
B. Richer sources of information decrease motivated reasoning.
C. Individuals with independent voices are dismissed from the group.
D. Individuals in a group engage in motivated reasoning for their own interests.
4.Which of the following opinions might the author agree with?
A. Denying errors is unavoidable.
B. Failure to admit errors is harmful.
C. Humans are getting better at erring well.
D. Wise people ignore contrary worldviews.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Selfish refers to an individual _______ talks on his or her cell phone even when doing so is rude or inconsiderate of other people.
A. who B. whose C. which D. when
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
The Chinese mainlanders from selected cities are allowed to visit Taiwan______ individual tourists.
A. within B. as C. for D. like
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
A new retail phenomenon from Japan which allows customers to walk away with free products is to launch in Britain.
From tomorrow, visitors to Sample Trend’s central London store can try anything on its shelves, and all of the products can be taken home without charge. For a nominal annual membership fee of £60, users are free to enter the shop once a month and help themselves to no less than £250 worth of goods every year. The only ‘catch’ is that shoppers are asked to complete a simple questionnaire about each product they try.
Known as ‘try-vertising’, the concept allows manufacturers to test products and receive consumer feedback before launching onto the open market. It is already very popular in Japan and now looks set to transform the fortunes of the embattled(严阵以待的) UK retail industry. According to new figures, stores are facing a Christmas crisis with the weakest High Street trading for six months.
Michael Ghosh, the brainchild(创意者)behind Sample Trend, said: “The concept behind Sample Trend is unique in the UK. It allows shoppers the opportunity to walk away with a number of real, full-size products of their choosing without handing over a penny.”
The concept of in-store try-vertising is simple but effective. Businesses across all sectors, from cosmetic manufacturers to beverage(饮料) makers, place new products on the shelves at Sample Trend and wait for consumers to try them out.
Customers complete a short 10-point questionnaire about the product, and the feedback they provide is used to make any last-minute improvement before the product is brought officially to market. The Sample Trend store stocks everything from cosmetics, food and drink, and household goods.
Ghosh, the former advertising and sales director for Disney Europe, said such feedback may also build brand loyalty from the outset---a particularly appealing prospect for new businesses.
1.What can we know about the Sample Trend?
A. It has turned out to be a success in London.
B. The goods in the shop are free for everyone
C. The customers can only go to it once a month.
D. It sells everything people need.
2.The word “catch” (in para2) can be replaced by _________
A. advantage B. disadvantage C. problem D. requirement
3.The customers need to fill a questionnaire to________
A. give suggestions for the products
B. recommend the products
C. give feedback about the products
D. express their thanks
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
A new retail phenomenon from Japan which allows customers to walk away with free products is to launch in Britain. From tomorrow, visitors to SampleTrend’s central London store can try anything on its shelves, and all of the products can be taken home without charge.
For an annual membership fee of £60,users are free to enter the shop once a month and help themselves to no less than £250 worth of goods every year. The only ‘catch’ is that shoppers are asked to complete a simple questionnaire about each product they try. Known as ‘try-vertising’,the concept allows manufacturers to test products and receive consumer feedback(反馈)before launching onto the open market. It is already a sensation in Japan and now looks set to transform the fortunes of the embattled UK retail industry. If everything goes well, countries such as Germany and France will give it a try. According to new figures, stores are facing a Christmas crisis with the weakest high street trading for six months. Michael Ghosh, the founder behind SampleTrend, said, “The concept behind SampleTrend is unique in the UK. It allows shoppers the opportunity to walk away with a number of real, full-size products of their choosing without handing over a penny.” The concept of in-store try-vertising is simple but effective. Businesses across all sectors from cosmetic manufacturers to beverage makers, place new products on the shelves at SampleTrend and wait for consumers to try them out.
Customers complete a short 10-point questionnaire about the product. The feedback they provide is used to make any finishing touches before the product is brought officially to market. The SampleTrend store stocks everything from cosmetics, food and drink, and household goods. Ghosh, the former advertising and sales director for Disney Europe, said such feedback may also build brand loyalty from the outset— a particularly appealing prospect for new businesses.
1.The most attractive part of the idea for customers is that_____.
A. they only pay £60 for a life-long membership
B. they can help to make the products better
C. it won’t take much time to finish the questionnaire
D. they can take things home without paying for them
2.The idea of ‘try-vertising’ originates from_____.
A. Germany B. Britain C. Japan D. France
3.The purpose of ‘try-vertising’ is to_____.
A. get feedback for their new products
B. sell more products at Christmas time
C. encourage people to buy more products
D. give customers free products as gifts
4.What does Michael Ghosh think of this business idea?
A. Puzzling. B. Unpractical.
C. Promising. D. Surprising.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析