As countless unmade beds and unfinished homework assignments prove, kids need rules. Yet how parents make demands can powerfully influence a child’s social skills, psychologists at the University of Virginia recently found after the conclusion of a study investigating the transition from adolescence to adulthood.
Initially 184 13-year-olds filled out multiple surveys, including one to assess how often their parents employed psychologically controlling strategies, such as inducing guilt or threatening to withdraw affection. The kids rated, for example, how typical it would be for Dad to suggest that “if I really cared for him, I would not do things that caused him to worry”or for Mom to become “less friendly when I did not see things her way. ”
The researchers followed up with the subjects at ages 18 and 21, asking the young adults to bring along a close friend and, later, a romantic partner if they had one. These pairs were asked to answer hypothetical (假设的) questions that were purposefully written to inspire a difference of opinion. “We wanted to see whether they could navigate a disagreement in a healthy way, ” says study leader Barbara Oudekerk, now at the U. S. Department of Justice’s bureau of statistics.
In the October issue of Child Development, Oudekerk and her colleagues report that the 13-year-olds who had highly controlling parents struggled in friendly disagreements at age 18. They had difficulty stating their opinions in a confident, reasoned manner in comparison to the kids without controlling parents. And when they did speak up, they often failed to express themselves in warm and productive ways.
The researchers suspect that pushy parents ruin their child’s ability to learn how to argue his or her own viewpoint in other relationships. Although parents do need to set boundaries, domineering strategies imply that any disagreement will damage the bond itself. Separate findings suggest that parents who explain the reasons behind their rules and turn disagreements into conversations leave youngsters better prepared for future arguments.
The consequences of tense or domineering relationships appear to get worse with time. This study also found that social difficulties at 18 predicted even poorer communication abilities at age 21. Psychologist Shmuel Shulman of Bar-Ilan University in Israel, who did not participate in the work, thinks these conclusions convincingly reveal how relationship patterns “carry forward” into new friendships.
1.What will happen to the teenagers with pushy parents?
A. They lose social skills.
B. They have trouble presenting opinions.
C. They express themselves in an aggressive way.
D. They fail to inspire a difference of opinion.
2.What does the underlined word “domineering”in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. alternative
B. conservative
C. powerful
D. forceful
3.It can be inferred from the findings that parents should .
A. communicate with children when setting rules
B. learn new ways to establish new friendships
C. seek more controlling strategies
D. help children develop abilities to follow rules
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
As countless unmade beds and unfinished homework assignments prove, kids need rules. Yet how parents make demands can powerfully influence a child’s social skills, psychologists at the University of Virginia recently found after the conclusion of a study investigating the transition from adolescence to adulthood.
Initially 184 13-year-olds filled out multiple surveys, including one to assess how often their parents employed psychologically controlling strategies, such as inducing guilt or threatening to withdraw affection. The kids rated, for example, how typical it would be for Dad to suggest that “if I really cared for him, I would not do things that caused him to worry”or for Mom to become “less friendly when I did not see things her way. ”
The researchers followed up with the subjects at ages 18 and 21, asking the young adults to bring along a close friend and, later, a romantic partner if they had one. These pairs were asked to answer hypothetical (假设的) questions that were purposefully written to inspire a difference of opinion. “We wanted to see whether they could navigate a disagreement in a healthy way, ” says study leader Barbara Oudekerk, now at the U. S. Department of Justice’s bureau of statistics.
In the October issue of Child Development, Oudekerk and her colleagues report that the 13-year-olds who had highly controlling parents struggled in friendly disagreements at age 18. They had difficulty stating their opinions in a confident, reasoned manner in comparison to the kids without controlling parents. And when they did speak up, they often failed to express themselves in warm and productive ways.
The researchers suspect that pushy parents ruin their child’s ability to learn how to argue his or her own viewpoint in other relationships. Although parents do need to set boundaries, domineering strategies imply that any disagreement will damage the bond itself. Separate findings suggest that parents who explain the reasons behind their rules and turn disagreements into conversations leave youngsters better prepared for future arguments.
The consequences of tense or domineering relationships appear to get worse with time. This study also found that social difficulties at 18 predicted even poorer communication abilities at age 21. Psychologist Shmuel Shulman of Bar-Ilan University in Israel, who did not participate in the work, thinks these conclusions convincingly reveal how relationship patterns “carry forward” into new friendships.
1.What will happen to the teenagers with pushy parents?
A. They lose social skills.
B. They have trouble presenting opinions.
C. They express themselves in an aggressive way.
D. They fail to inspire a difference of opinion.
2.What does the underlined word “domineering”in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. alternative
B. conservative
C. powerful
D. forceful
3.It can be inferred from the findings that parents should .
A. communicate with children when setting rules
B. learn new ways to establish new friendships
C. seek more controlling strategies
D. help children develop abilities to follow rules
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
_______ reason you may give , you ought not to have left homework unfinished.
A.What | B.No matter | C.However | D.Whatever |
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
______all the homework assigned by the school the students have to work at it till midnight
A. Completing B. To complete C.Having completed D. To have completed
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
—Sir, could I turn in my homework assignment a bit late?
—________, since you haven’t been well these days.
A.You can’t be serious B.Oh, all right
C.I’m afraid not D.Good idea
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
(2013·成都一模)________ all the homework assigned by the school, the students have to work at it till midnight.
A.Completing B.To complete
C.Having completed D.To have completed
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
________ all the homework assigned by the school, the students have to work at it till midnight.
A.Completing B.To complete
C.Having completed D.To have completed
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
As soon as the children were _____, their mother got them out of bed and into the bathroom.
A.woke B.waken C.wake D.awake
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Across Britain, burnt toast will be served to mothers in bed this morning as older sons and daughters rush to deliver their supermarket bunches of flowers. But, according to a new study, we should be placing a higher value on motherhood all year.
Mothers have long known that their home workload was just as heavy as paid work. Now, the new study has shown that if they were paid for their parental labors, they would earn as much as£172,000 a year.
The study looked at the range of jobs mothers do, as well as the hours they are working, to determine the figure. This would make their yearly income £30,000 more than the Prime Minister earns.
By analyzing the numbers, it found the average mother works 119 hours a week, 40 of which would usually be paid at a standard rate and 79 hours as overtime. After questioning 1,000 mothers with children under 18, it found that, on most days, mums started their routine work at 7 am and finished at around 11 pm.
To calculate just how much mothers would earn from that labor, it suggested some of the roles that mums could take on, including housekeeper, part-time lawyer, personal trainer and entertainer. Being a part-time lawyer, at £48.98 an hour, would prove to be the most profitable of the “mum jibs”, with psychologist(心理学家) a close second.
It also asked mothers about the challenges they face, with 80 percent making emotional(情感的) demand as the hardest thing about motherhood.
Over a third of mums felt they needed more training and around half said they missed going out with friends.
The study shows mothers matter all year long and not just on Mother’s Day. The emotional, physical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be never-ending, but children are also sources of great joy and happiness. Investing(投入) in time for parenting and raising relationships is money well spent.
1.How much would a mother earn a year if working as the Prime Minister?
A.£30,000. B.£142,000.
C.£172,000. D.£202,000.
2.The biggest challenge for most mothers is from .
A. emotional demand B. low pay for work
C. heavy workload D. lack of training
3.What is stressed in the last paragraph?
A. Mothers’ importance shows in family all year long.
B. The sacrifices mothers make are huge but worthwhile.
C. Mothers’ devotion to children can hardly be calculated.
D. Investing time in parenting would bring a financial return.
4.What can we conclude from the study?
A. Mothers’ working hours should be largely reduced.
B. Mothers should balance their time for work and rest.
C. Mothers’ labor is of a higher value than it is realized.
D. Mothers should be freed from housework for social life.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Across Britain,burnt toast will be served to mothers in bed this morning as older sons and daughters rush to deliver their supermarket bunches of flowers.But,according to a new study,we should be placing a higher value on motherhood all year.
Mothers have long known that their home workload was just as heavy as paid work.Now,the new study has shown that if they were paid for their parental labours,they would earn as much as£172,000 a year.
The study looked at the range of jobs mothers do,as well as the hours they are working,to determine the figure.This would make their yearly income£30,000 more than the Prime Minister earns.
By analysing the numbers,it found the average mother works 119 hours a week,40 of which would usually be paid at a standard rate and 79 hours as overtime.After questioning 1,000 mothers with children under 18,it found that,on most days,mums started their routine work at 7 am and finished at around 11 pm.
To calculate just how much mothers would earn from that labour,it suggested some of the roles that mums could take on,including housekeeper,part-time lawyer,personal trainer and entertainer.Being a part-time lawyer,at£48.98 an hour,would prove to be the most profitable of the“mum jobs”,with psychologist(心理学家)a close second.
It also asked mothers about the challenges they face,with 80 percent making emotional(情感的)demand as the hardest thing about motherhood.
Over a third of mums felt they needed more training and around half said they missed going out with friends.
The study shows mothers matter all year long and not just on Mother’s Day.The emotional,physical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be never-ending,but children are also sources of great joy and happiness.Investing(投入)in time for parenting and raising relationships is money well spent.
1.How much does a Prime Minister earn,according to the passage?
A.£30,000. B.£142,000.
C.£172,000. D.£202,000.
2.The biggest challenge for most mothers is from_____.
A.emotional demand B.1ow pay for work
C.heavy workload D.1ack of training
3.What is stressed in the last paragraph?
A.Mothers’importance shows in family all year long.
B.The sacrifices mothers make are huge but worthwhile.
C.Mothers’devotion to children can hardly be calculated.
D.Investing time in parenting would bring a financial return.
4.What can we conclude from the study?
A.Mothers’working hours should be largely reduced.
B.Mothers should balance their time for work and rest.
C.Mothers’labour is of a higher value than it is realized.
D.Mothers should be freed from housework for social life.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Across Britain, burnt toast will be served to mothers in bed this morning as older sons and daughters rush to deliver their supermarket bunches of flowers. But, according to a new study, we should be placing a higher value on motherhood all year.
Mothers have long known that their home workload was just as heavy as paid work. Now, the new study has shown that if they were paid for their parental labours, they would earn as much as £172,000 a year.
The study looked at the range of jobs mothers do, as well as the hours they are working, to determine the figure. This would make their yearly income £30,000 more than the Prime Minister earns.
By analyzing the numbers, it found the average mother works 119 hours a week, 40 of which would usually be paid at a standard rate 79 hours as overtime. After questioning 1,000 mothers with children under 18, it found that, on most days, mums started their routine work at 7 am and finished at around 11 pm.
To calculate just how much mothers would earn from that labour, it suggested some of the roles that mums could take on, including housekeeper, part-time lawyer, personal trainer and entertainer. Being a part-time lawyer, at £48,98 an hour, would prove to be the most profitable of the “mum jobs”, with psychologist(心理学家) a close second.
It also asked mothers about the challenges they face, with 80 per cent making emotional(情感的) demand as the hardest thing about motherhood.
Over a third of mums felt they needed more training and around half said they missed going out with friends.
The study shows mothers matter all year long and not just on Mother’s Day. The emotional, physical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be never-ending, but children are also sources of great joy and happiness. Investing(投入) in time for parenting and raising relationships is money well spent.
1.How much would a mother earn a year if working as the Prime Minister?
A. £30,000. B. £142,000.
C. £172,000. C. £202,000.
2.The biggest challenge for most mothers is from .
A. emotional demand
B. low pay for work
C. heavy workload
D. lack of training
3.What is stressed in the last paragraph?
A. mothers’ importance shows in family all year long.
B. The sacrifices mothers make are huge but worthwhile.
C. Mothers’ devotion to children can hardly be calculated.
D. Investing time in parenting would bring a financial return.
4.What can we conclude from the study?
A. Mothers’ working hours should be largely reduced.
B. Mothers should balance their time for work and rest.
C. Mothers’ labour is of a higher value than it is realized.
D. Mothers should be freed from housework for social life.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析