Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.
This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest fires to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over the next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.
This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.
Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone(臭氧) levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.
“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in the amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicted, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.
1..According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may __________.
A.result in a warming climate |
B.cause the forest fires to occur more frequently |
C.lead to a longer fire season |
D.protect the forests and the environment there |
2..The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT __________.
A.large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere |
B.the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increase |
C.snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into space |
D.ashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun |
3..Earlier studies about northern forest fires __________.
A.analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate |
B.indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphere |
C.suggest that people should take measures to protect environment |
D.suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming |
4..The underlined phrase “soak up” in the last paragraph most probably means __________.
A.released | B.absorbed | C.created | D.distributed |
5..From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may ____.
A.warm the climate as the supposition goes |
B.allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climate |
C.destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea ice |
D.help to gain more energy rather than release more energy |
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.
This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest fires to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over the next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.
This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.
Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone(臭氧) levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.
“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in the amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicted, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.
1..According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may __________.
A.result in a warming climate |
B.cause the forest fires to occur more frequently |
C.lead to a longer fire season |
D.protect the forests and the environment there |
2..The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT __________.
A.large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere |
B.the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increase |
C.snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into space |
D.ashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun |
3..Earlier studies about northern forest fires __________.
A.analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate |
B.indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphere |
C.suggest that people should take measures to protect environment |
D.suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming |
4..The underlined phrase “soak up” in the last paragraph most probably means __________.
A.released | B.absorbed | C.created | D.distributed |
5..From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may ____.
A.warm the climate as the supposition goes |
B.allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climate |
C.destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea ice |
D.help to gain more energy rather than release more energy |
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska,Canada and Siberia warm the climate,scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.
This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest fires to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions.Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade.Scientists predict that with climate warming,fires may occur more frequently over the next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season.Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming,while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.
This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate.Earlier studies by other scientists had suggested that fires in northern regions sped up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants were released into the atmosphere and thus trapped heat.
Scientists found that right after the fire,large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming.Ozone (臭氧) levels increased,and ashes from the fire fell on faroff sea ice,darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in.The following spring,however,the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire,because fewer trees covered the ground.Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space,leading to cooling.
“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere,” scientists said.They tracked the change in the amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire,and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature.Typically,fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years.Scientists,however,found that when fire occurs more frequently,more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results.Specifically,they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicted,0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases,but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space.The net effect is cooling.Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.
1.According to the new findings,taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may________.
A.result in a warming climate
B.cause more forest fires
C.lead to a longer fire season
D.protect the forests there
2.The following are the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT________.
A.large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere
B.the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increase
C.snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into space
D.ashes from the fire fall on the ice and darken the surface
3.Earlier studies about northern forest fires________.
A.had analyzed all aspects of how northern fires influenced climate
B.had indicated that forest fires would pollute the atmosphere
C.had suggested that people should take measures to protect environment
D.had suggested that the fires would speed up climate warming
4.We can infer that forest fires in Alaska,Canada and Siberia may________.
A.warm the climate as the supposition goes
B.cool the climate by reflecting more sunlight into atmosphere
C.make more space for the growth of young trees
D.help to gain more energy rather than release more energy
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Against the supposition than forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.
This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.
This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.
Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone(臭氧)levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on faroff sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.
“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked_up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.
1.According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may ________.
A.result in a warming climate
B.cause the forest fires to occur more frequently
C.lead to a longer fire season
D.protect the forests and the environment there
2.The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT________.
A.large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere
B.the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increase
C.snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into space
D.ashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun
3.Earlier studies about northern forest fires ________.
A.analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate
B.indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphere
C.suggest that people should take measures to protect environment
D.suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming
4.The underlined phrase “soak up” in the last paragraph most probably means ________.
A.released B.absorbed C. created D.distributed
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Against the assumption that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.
This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest fires to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.
This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.
Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone(臭氧)levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.
“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.
1. According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _______.
A. result in a warming climate B. cause the forest fires to occur more frequently
C. lead to a longer fire season D. protect the forests and the environment there
2. Earlier studies about northern forest fires ________.
A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate
B. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphere
C. suggest that people should take measures to protect environment
D. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming
3. The underlined phrase “soaked up” in the last paragraph most probably means ________.
A. released B. absorbed C. created D. disturbed
4. From the text we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may ______.
A. warm the climate as the assumption goes
B. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climate
C. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea ice
D. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Against the assumption that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.
This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest fires to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.
This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.
Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone(臭氧)levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.
“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.
1.According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _______.
A. result in a warming climate B. cause the forest fires to occur more frequently
C. lead to a longer fire season D. protect the forests and the environment there
2.Earlier studies about northern forest fires ________.
A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate
B. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphere
C. suggest that people should take measures to protect environment
D. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming
3.The underlined phrase “soaked up” in the last paragraph most probably means ________.
A. released B. absorbed C. created D. disturbed
4.From the text we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may ______.
A. warm the climate as the assumption goes
B. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climate
C. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea ice
D. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
It is reported that two big forest fires in the border area between France and Spain since Sunday _______ several people.
A. kill B. had killed C. killed D. have killed
高三英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析
A Race Against Death
It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch _______a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be _______if it struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. _______, the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.
How could the medicine get to Nome? The town’s _______was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the _______roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet.
_______January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were _______. Nome’s town officials came up with a(n)_______. They would have the medicine sent by _______from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogsled(狗拉雪橇) drivers — known as "mushers" — would __________it to Nome in a relay(接力).
The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. __________he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon’s face was black from the extreme cold.
On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to __________a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most __________part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would __________, and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across.
A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his__________. He had to leave the trail(雪橇痕迹) to get around them. Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to __________the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasen’s lead dog. Balto put his nose to the ground, __________to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by. Suddenly, Balto began to __________. He had found the trail.
At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dogs __________in Nome. Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered.
Nome had been __________.
1.A.examined B.warned C.interviewed D.cured
2.A.harmless B.helpless C.fearless D.careless
3.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However
4.A.airport B.station C.harbor D.border
5.A.narrow B.snowy C.busy D.dirty
6.A.From B.On C.By D.After
7.A.tired B.upset C.pale D.sick
8.A.plan B.excuse C.message D.topic
9.A.air B.rail C.sea D.road
10.A.carry B.return C.mail D.give
11.A.Though B.Since C.When D.If
12.A.enter B.move C.visit D.cross
13.A.shameful B.boring C.dangerous D.foolish
14.A.escape B.bleed C.swim D.die
15.A.memory B.exit C.way D.destination
16.A.find B.fix C.pass D.change
17.A.pretending B.trying C.asking D.learning
18.A.run B.leave C.bite D.play
19.A.gathered B.stayed C.camped D.arrived
20.A.controlled B.saved C.founded D.developed
高三英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
The preventive measures for forest fires include some preemptive(抢先)methods that can help reduce the risks of fires and control their severity and spread,and thus, maintain ecological balance and protect resources.Close monitoring of forest fires caused by natural factors can help prevent their spread to a large extent.To contain forest fires,fire departments usually use water and chemical fire retardants(抑制剂)that can be dropped from planes and helicopters.To control the spread of a wildfire.firefighters usually create a control line by removing all fuel from an area so that the fire cannot travel across it.
Controlled burns are often employed by government authorities to reduce fuel buildup,and clean up the fallen leaves,and thus,prevent the spread of forest fires to a vast area.Regular controlled burns can also help maintain biodiversity(生物多样性),as the smoke and heat produced in the process can facilitate(促进)the growth of seeds of certain plant species.Apart from these,responsible human behavior can help reduce the number of forest fires to a great extent.In fact,we can reduce the number of wildfires dramatically by not leaving behind any source of fire in the forest.
Forest fires can affect climate and weather to a great extent,besides causing severe damage to valuable trees.Wildfires can increase the level of greenhouse gases(water vapor, carbon dioxide,etc),and therefore increase pollution and global warming.However, they are also an important part of the ecosystem,and many plants depend on the heat and smoke generated by wildfires for their growth and reproduction.But large wildfires can cause extensive damage to the ecosystem,which again highlights the importance of effective control and prevention of forest fires·
1.What may be the best title for this passage?
A.Control and Prevention of Forest Fires
B.How to Keep Ecological Balance
C.Effects of Forest Fires
D.Methods of Fire Spread Control
2.Firefighters get rid of all fuel in all area in order to ____________.
A.keep close monitoring of forest fires
B.prevent the forest fire from occurring
C.protect the animals there
D.stop the wildfire from spreading
3.The government arranges some controlled burns to_______________.
A.burn the rubbish and keep the forest clean
B.help keep ecological balance of nature
C.reduce fuel buildup and limit forest fires spread
D.provide reasonable conditions for some plants’growth
4.A controlled forest fire may play a positive role because ________________.
A.a new forest will appear soon
B.it promotes the development of some seeds
C.nature keeps its balance only by wildfires
D.it makes the trees grow faster than before
5.The last paragraph tells us that _______________.
A.the greenhouse gases are caused mainly by wildfires
B.wildfires have both positive and negative effects
C.people should be aware of the necessity of wildfires
D.all the valuable trees disappear owing to wildfires
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The preventive measures for forest fires include some preemptive(抢先)methods that can help reduce the risks of fires and control their severity and spread, and thus, maintain ecological balance and protect resources. Close monitoring of forest fires caused by natural factors can help prevent their spread to a large extent. To contain forest fires, fire departments usually use water and chemical fire retardants(抑制剂) that can be dropped from planes and helicopters. To control the spread of a wildfire, firefighters usually create a control line by removing all fuel from an area so that the fire cannot travel across it.
Controlled burns are often employed by government authorities to reduce fuel buildup, and clean up the fallen leaves, and thus, prevent the spread of forest fires to a vast area. Regular controlled burns can also help maintain biodiversity(生物多样性), as the smoke and heat produced in the process can facilitate(促进) the growth of seeds of certain plant species. Apart from these, responsible human behavior can help reduce the number of forest fires to a great extent. In fact, we can reduce the number of wildfires dramatically by not leaving behind any source of fire in the forest.
Forest fires can affect climate and weather to a great extent, besides causing severe damage to valuable trees. Wildfires can increase the level of greenhouse gases(water vapor, carbon dioxide, etc), and therefore increase pollution and global warming. However, they are also an important part of the ecosystem, and many plants depend on the heat and smoke generated by wildfires for their growth and reproduction. But large wildfires can cause extensive damage to the ecosystem, which again highlights the importance of effective control and prevention of forest fires.
1.What may be the best title for this passage?
A.Control and Prevention of Forest Fires B.How to Keep Ecological Balance
C.Effects of Forest Fires D.Methods of Fire Spread Control
2.Firefighters get rid of all fuel in all area in order to ____________.
A.keep close monitoring of forest fires B.prevent the forest fire from occurring
C.protect the animals there D.stop the wildfire from spreading
3.The government arranges some controlled burns to_______________.
A.burn the rubbish and keep the forest clean
B.help keep ecological balance of nature
C.reduce fuel building up and limit forest fires spread.
D.provide reasonable conditions for some plants’ growth.
4.A controlled forest fire may play a positive role because ________________.
A.a new forest will appear soon.
B.it promotes the development of some seeds
C.nature keeps its balance only by wildfires.
D.it makes the trees grow faster than before.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
To warm himself, the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against .
A. another B. the other C. other D. either
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析