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阅读理解。
Babies don't learn to talk just from hearing sounds. They are lipreaders too. It happens during the stage when a baby's babbling (咿呀声) gradually changes from unclear voices into that first “mama” or “dada”. The baby in order to do like you has to figure out how to shape their lips to make that particular sound they are hearing, according to developmental psychologist David Lewkowicz of Florida Atlantic University, who led the study.
Apparently it doesn't take them too long to absorb the movements that match basic sounds. By their first birthdays, babies start changing back to look you in the eye again. It offers more evidence that quality facetime with babies is very important for speech development more than, say, turning on the latest baby DVD.
But Lewkowicz went a step further. He and his student Amy HansenTift tested nearly 180 babies, groups of them at ages 4,6,8,10 and 12 months. How? They showed videos of a woman speaking in English or Spanish to babies of English speakers. They found that when the speaker used English, the 4montholds gazed mostly into her eyes. The 6montholds spent equal amounts of time looking at the eyes and the mouth. The 8and 10montholds studied mostly the mouth. At 12 months, attention started changing back toward the speaker's eyes.
But what happened when these babies accustomed to English heard Spanish? The 12montholds studied the mouth longer, just like younger babies. They needed the extra information to recognize the unfamiliar sounds. That fits with research into bilingualism (双语) that shows babies' brains adjust themselves to distinguishing the sounds of their native language over other languages in the first year of life.
The continued lipreading shows the 1yearolds clearly still are fit for learning. Babies are so hard to study that this is “a fairly heroic data set”， says Duke University cognitive neuroscientist Greg Appelbaum, who found the research so fascinating that he wants to know more.
1.According to the first paragraph, babies________.
A．might get its voice “mama” by lipreading
B．learn to talk just from hearing the sounds
C．like to figure out how to shape their lips
D．communicate with parents through gestures
2.What is necessary in developing babies' speech according to Lewkowicz?
A．Playing baby DVD nearby.
B．Teaching babies to read English.
C．Speaking with babies face to face.
D．Speaking different languages in front of babies.
3.Which of the following shows the right change of babies' eye gaze according to the text?
4.What would be the best title of the text?
A．Babies Have Different Methods to Talk
B．Babies Try Lipreading in Learning to Talk
C．Babies Are Suitable to Learn Two Languages
D．Babies Can Easily Accept Foreign Language
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March 5th is the official “Learning from Lei Feng Day” when people are ______to learn from Lei Feng, a cultural image symbolizing selflessness and contribution.
A. called on B. called up C. called in D. called off
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Hey, man,
Good to hear from you again. Your e-mail came in just as I was chatting with another friend, Jeff. I wish I had better advice.
You know, after I left the Shenandoah Valley, my next job was in Rocky Mount. The two other sportswriters on staff, Travis and Jeff, were in their mid-20s too. Honestly, we’d come to Rocky Mount to leave Rocky Mount. We complained about our shop and envied the Charlotte Observer and the Raleigh News & Observer. What resources they had! Writers who covered only one team didn’t have to lay out pages. Talk about living the dream. If we could just get to one of those places! Then we could go somewhere else!
Travis, Jeff, and I bonded over our desire to part ways. We ate dinner together and went out to cover our games and came back to help send the final pages to the printer. On the best nights, we’d grab the news editors and play Wiffle ball, laughing and joking until almost sunrise.
We all left there within a year, as intended. Jeff became one of the most well-known NASCAR writers in the country, with almost 200,000 Twitter followers. Now he’s got his own media company that’s doing quite well. In 2017, Jeff and I went to a Charlotte Knights game, and Jeff said something about Rocky Mount that I won’t forget. “I didn’t appreciate it then, but honestly, when I look back, it’s probably the best time I’ve ever had in my career.”
Maybe success isn’t measured in achievements, or “being happy with who you are”. Goals and personal peace are selfish markers, and I don’t mean to imply selfishness is a bad thing, not at all. Selfishness is the axis of humankind, from cavemen to astronauts to saints on earth. Individual accomplishments bring worldwide accomplishments. But all of the accomplishments may not leave you feeling successful, right?
The point is, maybe success is a smaller calculation, something more like what Jeff hinted at. Maybe success is having the wherewithal (所需的物资) to be grateful at the precise moment you have something to be grateful for.
Thank you for writing, old friend.
Mike
1.When Mike went to the Rocky Mount, ________.
A.he appreciated life there.
B.he lived the dream there.
C.he intended to land a better job elsewhere.
D.he got a job with all resources he longed for there.
2.What did Mike do in Rocky Mount?
A.A printer. B.A reporter.
C.A player. D.An editor.
3.Which of the following is true?
A.Mike believes selfishness is part of human nature.
B.We feel happy when we are calculating small numbers.
C.Mike disagrees with Jeff’s comment on their life in Rocky Mount.
D.Individual accomplishments are unrelated to worldwide accomplishments.
4.Mike is giving advice on ______.
A.what happiness is B.what success is
C.how to achieve more D.how to land a better job
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Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they ________just be quiet people.
A. must B. may C. should D. would
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Football,to me,is more than just a game.I have probably learned more than valuable lessons from it than from school.
When I joined the team freshman year,I didn’t realize what I was getting into.Even though I had been playing since fourth grade and knew it was hard work,nothing would prepare me for the effort I would put into football that year.We worked all summer in the weight room and ran on the track to get in physical and mental shape before the season.
See,football is more of a mental sport than anything else,so running on the track wasn’t only about getting in shape.We would push our minds by running as hard as we could even if we felt like we were going to pass out.At the beginning,I was immature（幼稚的）and only thought of myself,sometimes even giving up when I was tired or hurting.Then after the third game I had a season-ending injury.Imagine working all summer and then only being able to play three games! I needed an operation on my arm and at least five months to recover.
After freshman year I decided that I would always give my best effort.Playing football in the college has taught me so much more than just what my tasks are on a particular play or how to block.I have learned to think about others first,and realized how important working hard is.Being with all my friends,even sweating and bleeding with them,really made us unite as a group of hard-working young men,who will succeed in life.
1.What is the text mainly about?
A. How the author dislikes the game of football.
B. When the author began to play football.
C. How the author has changed his attitude to football.
D. What sport the author likes best.
2.The author thinks football is_______.
A. just a game B. of a mental sport
C. hard to be out-of-date D. not worth his effort
3.In the third paragraph,the phrase “getting in shape” probably means ________.
A. becoming physically fit B. designing the playground
C. losing weight D. measuring the track
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A shopkeeper sent his son to learn about the secret of happiness from the wisest man in the world．The boy walked a long way, and finally came upon the beautiful castle where the wise man lived.
On entering the main room of the castle, the boy was quite surprised: tradesmen coming and going, people chatting in the corners, and a small orchestra playing soft music．The wise man talked with everyone, and the boy had to wait for two hours before it was his turn.
The wise man listened carefully to the boy’s explanation of why he had come, but told him that he didn’t have time just then to explain the secret of happiness．He suggested that the boy look around the palace and return in two hours.
“Meanwhile, I want to ask you to do something,” said the wise man, handing the boy a teaspoon that held two drops of oil．“As you wander around, carry this spoon with you without allowing the oil to spill.”
The boy began to walk up and down stairs of the palace, keeping his eyes fixed on the spoon．After two hours, he returned to the wise man.
“Well,” asked the wise man, “Did you see the Persian tapestries（挂毯）in the hall? Did you see the garden that took the master gardener ten years to create?” The boy was embarrassed, and replied that he had observed nothing．His only concern had been not to spill the oil.
“Then go back and observe the wonders of my world,” said the wise man．The boy picked up the spoon and returned to his exploration of the palace．This time he observed all of the works of art on the ceilings and the walls．When he returned, he described in detail everything he had seen．
“But where are the drops of oil?” asked the wise man．Looking down at the spoon he held, the boy saw that the oil was gone.
“Well, there is only one piece of advice I can give you,” said the wise man．“The secret of happiness is to see all the wonders of the world, and never to forget the drops of oil on the spoon.”
1.When the boy arrived at the castle, he .
A． received a warm welcome from the wise man
B． had already missed his chance to talk to the wise man
C． was shown around the palace by the local people
D． didn’t expect to see so many people around
2.The wise man gave the boy two tasks in order to .
A． show him how to observe the wonders in the world
B． teach him the secret of happiness
C． make him learn from his mistakes
D． let the boy enjoy his palace and garden
3.We can infer from the article that “the drops of the oil on the spoon” probably refer to .
A． the beauty of one’s nature
B． the fortune a person possesses
C． the responsibilities one has to take on
D． the great opportunities in life
4.What would be the best title for the article?
A． Lesson about Happiness
B． The Secret of Happiness
C． Learning about Happiness
D． Searching for Happiness
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What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The train will arrive soon.
B. The train is late due to the storm.
C. The woman has to wait for the train.
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It was the principles I learned from my reading _____ enabled me to get bigger and better jobs.
A. that B. which C. what D. who
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More than a third of the babies born this year could receive a 100th birthday message from whoever happens to be on the throne in the second decade of the 22nd century, according to figures published by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). It forecasts that 35% of the 826,000 people born in 2012 will live to become centenarians.
But a long life is not unalloyed good news. David Sinclair, head of policy and research at the International Longevity Centre UK, warned that for many the future may mean social isolation(隔离）as they live longer than friends and members of their families.
"It is of course good news that so many more people are living longer," he said, "but there is a big 'but1. We will be older, but in worse health, and at high risk of living alone. The other problem is that we are very poor at forward planning. We deal with the problems that are under our noses, but even problems two or three years away seem quite distant enough to put off. When you're talking about forecasts for a time half a century away and more, I see no evidence that we are putting in place the measures to deal with it."
This year there will be 14,500 centenarians in the UK, a number which is expected to increase to 110,000 in 2035.
Women have higher life expectancies than men at every age: the likelihood of a girl born this year reaching her century is estimated to be 39%; for boys the figure is 32%.
The estimated number of female centenarians has risen from 500 in 1961 to more than 10,000 in 2010，a figure which is projected to reach 71,000 by 2035 and 276,000 by 2060.
Men are also living far longer, although their numbers are far fewer. There were an estimated 92 male centenarians in 1961 and just below 2,000 in 2010.
1.The underlined word centenarians probably means people who_____.
A. are born this year B. live longer than their friends
C. are in poor health D. are a hundred or more years old
2.From what David Sinclair said, we can learn_____.
A.he doesn't believe so many people are living longer
B. the older we are, the more likely we are to live alone and in poor health
C.the people who are good at forward planning are likely to live longer
D.too distant planning is not always necessary for most of us
3.Which of the following statement is true?
A.About 289，100 people born in 2012 will live to 100.
B.More men will reach their century than women in the future.
C.The number of the female centenarians was 1,000 in 1970s
D.More than 600 people reached their century in 1961.
4.What does this passage mainly talk about?
A.A long life is not always good news.
B.A long life also means social and physical isolation
C.In the future, more people will live to 100 in the UK.
D.It is good to live to 100.
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Take your time—it’s just ________ short distance from here to ________ restaurant.
(2011·山东，21)
A．/；the B．a；the
C．the；a D．/；a