A woman wears a face mask to protect her from polluted air in Lanzhou, China, in December.
A new study showed air pollution might put people more at risk for heart disease than scientists had thought. Kristin Miller, a doctoral student at the University of Washington, said chances of getting the disease were related to not only which city a woman lived in, but also where in the city. The study found that the effects of air pollution were often larger within cities than between cities.
The new findings make experts suspect that current pollution limits may be inadequate. Scientists examined rates of heart attack, stroke (中风) and other cardiovascular (心脏血管的) events in women with long-term exposure to air pollution.
The study involved women over the age of fifty who had no sign of cardiovascular disease at the start of the research. The study followed the women for as long as nine years to see how they would develop cardiovascular problems.
The researchers also examined levels of fine particles (粒子,微粒) in the air in 36 areas across the country. That information came from the Environmental Protection Agency. The extremely small particles came from industrial smoke and traffic, along with things like wood-burning fireplaces in houses.
In the study, every ten-microgram increase in pollution was linked to a twenty-four percent increase in the risk of a cardiovascular event. But it was related to a seventy-six percent increase in the risk of death from cardiovascular disease.
But just how do particles in the air damage the cardiovascular system? The particles may cause the lungs to swell and release chemicals from the pollutants into the blood. The chemicals then could damage the heart.
1.The passage mainly talks about______.
A. the effects of pollution on women
B. how to protect women from air pollution
C. how air pollution damages a person’s heart
D. the relationship between air pollution and heart diseases
2.The case of the woman wearing a face mask shows ______.
A. people are paying more and more attention to their health
B. the woman is afraid of getting heart disease
C. Lanzhou city is more heavily polluted than other cities
D. air pollution is becoming more and more serious
3.We can learn from the passage that _______.
A. air pollution is more serious than scientists thought
B. the control of air pollution is effective in some cities
C. people throughout a city have the same risk of getting heart diseases
D. air pollution affects women more than men
4.The study implies that ______.
A. air pollution has a bigger effect on older women than younger women
B. small particles in the air mainly come from industrial smoke
C. the rise in air pollution may lead to a higher death rate from cardiovascular disease
D. air pollution has been affecting people for as long as nine years in the city of Lanzhou
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
A woman wears a face mask to protect her from polluted air in Lanzhou, China, in December.
A new study showed air pollution might put people more at risk for heart disease than scientists had thought. Kristin Miller, a doctoral student at the University of Washington, said chances of getting the disease were related to not only which city a woman lived in, but also where in the city. The study found that the effects of air pollution were often larger within cities than between cities.
The new findings make experts suspect that current pollution limits may be inadequate. Scientists examined rates of heart attack, stroke (中风) and other cardiovascular (心脏血管的) events in women with long-term exposure to air pollution.
The study involved women over the age of fifty who had no sign of cardiovascular disease at the start of the research. The study followed the women for as long as nine years to see how they would develop cardiovascular problems.
The researchers also examined levels of fine particles (粒子,微粒) in the air in 36 areas across the country. That information came from the Environmental Protection Agency. The extremely small particles came from industrial smoke and traffic, along with things like wood-burning fireplaces in houses.
In the study, every ten-microgram increase in pollution was linked to a twenty-four percent increase in the risk of a cardiovascular event. But it was related to a seventy-six percent increase in the risk of death from cardiovascular disease.
But just how do particles in the air damage the cardiovascular system? The particles may cause the lungs to swell and release chemicals from the pollutants into the blood. The chemicals then could damage the heart.
1.The passage mainly talks about______.
A. the effects of pollution on women
B. how to protect women from air pollution
C. how air pollution damages a person’s heart
D. the relationship between air pollution and heart diseases
2.The case of the woman wearing a face mask shows ______.
A. people are paying more and more attention to their health
B. the woman is afraid of getting heart disease
C. Lanzhou city is more heavily polluted than other cities
D. air pollution is becoming more and more serious
3.We can learn from the passage that _______.
A. air pollution is more serious than scientists thought
B. the control of air pollution is effective in some cities
C. people throughout a city have the same risk of getting heart diseases
D. air pollution affects women more than men
4.The study implies that ______.
A. air pollution has a bigger effect on older women than younger women
B. small particles in the air mainly come from industrial smoke
C. the rise in air pollution may lead to a higher death rate from cardiovascular disease
D. air pollution has been affecting people for as long as nine years in the city of Lanzhou
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
A woman wears a face mask to protect her from polluted air in Lanzhou, China, in December.
A new study showed air pollution might put people more at risk for heart disease than scientists had thought.Kristin Miller, a doctoral student at the University of Washington, said chances of getting the disease were related to not only which city a woman lived in, but also where in the city.The study found that the effects of air pollution were often larger within cities than between cities.
The new findings make experts suspect that current pollution limits may be inadequate.Scientists examined rates of heart attack, stroke (中风) and other cardiovascular (心脏血管的) events in women with long-term exposure to air pollution.
The study involved women over the age of fifty who had no sign of cardiovascular disease at the start of the research.The study followed the women for as long as nine years to see how they would develop cardiovascular problems.
The researchers also examined levels of fine particles (粒子,微粒) in the air in 36 areas across the country.That information came from the Environmental Protection Agency.The extremely small particles came from industrial smoke and traffic, along with things like wood-burning fireplaces in houses.
In the study, every ten-microgram increase in pollution was linked to a twenty-four percent increase in the risk of a cardiovascular event.But it was related to a seventy-six percent increase in the risk of death from cardiovascular disease.
But just how do particles in the air damage the cardiovascular system? The particles may cause the lungs to swell and release chemicals from the pollutants into the blood.The chemicals then could damage the heart.
1.The passage mainly talks about______.
A.the effects of pollution on women
B.how to protect women from air pollution
C.how air pollution damages a person’s heart
D.the relationship between air pollution and heart diseases
2.The case of the woman wearing a face mask shows ______.
A.people are paying more and more attention to their health
B.the woman is afraid of getting heart disease
C.Lanzhou city is more heavily polluted than other cities
D.air pollution is becoming more and more serious
3.We can learn from the passage that _______.
A.air pollution is more serious than scientists thought
B.the control of air pollution is effective in some cities
C.people throughout a city have the same risk of getting heart diseases
D.air pollution affects women more than men
4.The study implies that ______.
A.air pollution has a bigger effect on older women than younger women
B.small particles in the air mainly come from industrial smoke
C.the rise in air pollution may lead to a higher death rate from cardiovascular disease
D.air pollution has been affecting people for as long as nine years in the city of Lanzhou
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Staying at home, no socializing and wearing a face mask if going anywhere have proved to be the most ________ ways to prevent the spread of the novel coronavirus.
A.effective B.expensive C.miserable D.suspicious
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。
1.Why does the woman plan to wear a mask tomorrow?
A. Because of the smog.
B. Because of her illness.
C. Because of the cold weather.
2.What’s a big problem in the city?
A. The heavy traffic. B. The air pollution. C. The large population.
3.What do the speakers decide to do?
A. Change their ways to go to work.
B. Ask the government to do something.
C. Call on people to protect the environment.
4.What can we know about the man?
A. He always uses the public transport.
B. He seldom listens to the weather report.
C. He is waiting for the weather to improve soon.
高三英语长对话中等难度题查看答案及解析
The air is deadly polluted because some factories don't ________ the rules to protect the environment.
A. appreciate B. regard
C. honor D. respect
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Children exposed to air pollution are more________to suffering from different diseases.
A.possible B.probable C.likely D.certainly
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
A new study links heavy air pollution from coal burning to shorter lives in northern China. Researchers estimate that the half-billion people alive there in the 1990s will live an average of 5 years less than their southern counterparts because they breathed dirtier air.
China itself made the comparison possible: for decades, a now-discontinued government policy provided free coal for heating, but only in the colder north. Researchers found significant differences in both particulate pollution of the air and life expectancy in the two regions.
While previous studies have found that pollution affects human health, "the deeper and ultimately more important question is the impact on life expectancy," said one of the researchers, Michael Greenstone, a professor of environmental economics at Massachusetts Institute of 一Technology. "This study provides a unique setting to answer the life expectancy question because the(heating) policy dramatically changes pollution concentrations(含量),,,Greenstone said in an email. "Further, due to the low rates of migration in China in this period, we can know people's exposure over long time periods," he said.
The policy gave free coal for fuel boilers to heat homes and offices to cities north of the Huai Riv饥which divides China into north and south. It was in effect for much of the 1950-198,0 period of central planning, and, though discontinued after 1980, it has left a legacy(遗留) in the north of heavy coal burning, which releases particulate pollutants into the air that can harm human health. Researchers found no other government policies that treated China's north differently from the south.
The researchers collected data for 90 cities, from 1981 to 2000, on the annual daily average concentration of total suspended(悬浮的)particulates. In China, those are considered to be particulates that are 100 micrometers or less in diameter, sent out from sources including power stations, construction sites and vehicles. Among them, PM2.5 is of especially great health concern because it can go deep into the lungs.
The researchers estimated the impact on life expectancies using death data from 1991-2000. They found that in the north, the concentration of particulates was 184 micrograms per cubic meter一or 55 percent higher than in the south, and life expectancies were 5.5 years lower on average across all age ranges.
1.The main idea of this passage is that_·
A. research in China finds air pollution shortened life expectancy
B.the government provided free coal for heating in North China
C.coal burning causes bad air quality across China
D. a new study finds different particulates in South China
2.According to Greenstone,_greatly contributed to the high pollution concentrations in North China.
A. power stations B. construction sites
C. the free heating policy D. gases from vehicles
3.It is implied in the passage that_·
A. coal is no longer used for heating in North China
B.air quality was comparatively better in South China
C. southerners burned coals for heating in the 1980s
D.people preferred to live in South China after 1980
4.The underlined word "particulates" most probably means_.
A. dirty clouds B. particular smoke
C. harmful dust D. dangerous bacteria
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
I think that something has to be done to stop the air from being polluted, ______ ?
A. doesn't it B. don’t I C. don't they D. haven't they
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Air pollution shortens human lives by more than a year, according to a new study from a team of leading environmental engineers and public health researchers. Better air quality could lead to a significant extension of lifespan(寿命) around the world.
It is the first time that data on air pollution and the lifespan has been studied together in order to check how air pollution affects overall life expectancy.
The researchers looked at outdoor air pollution from particulate matter (PM)(颗粒物) smaller than 2.5 microns. These particulates can enter deep into the lungs, and breathing PM 2.5 is associated with the increased risk of heart attacks, strokes and cancers. PM 2.5 pollution comes from power plants, cars and trucks, fires, agriculture and industrial emissions(排放物).
Led by Joshua Apte, the team used data from the Global Burden of Disease Study to measure PM 2.5 air pollution exposure and its consequences in 185 countries. They then quantified the national impact on life expectancy for each individual country as well as on a global scale.
“The fact that air pollution is a major global killer is already wellknown,” said Apte. “And we all care about how long we can live. Here, we were able to systematically identify how air pollution shortens lives around the world. What we found is that air pollution has a very large effect on survival — on average about a year globally.”
In the context of other significant phenomena negatively affecting human survival rates, Apte said this is a big number. “For example, it’s considerably larger than the benefit in survival we might see if we found cures for both lung and breast cancer combined,” he said. “In countries like India and China, the benefit for elderly people of improving air quality would be especially large. For much of Asia, if air pollution were removed as a risk for death, 60yearolds would have a 15 percent to 20 percent higher chance of living to age 85 or older.”
1.What do we know about PM 2.5?
A.It has a bad effect on human health. B.It will be controlled in the future.
C.It only comes from industrial emissions. D.It spreads to the world from Asian countries.
2.What did the researchers do to study how air pollution affects the lifespan?
A.They collected accurate information from all the Asian countries.
B.They employed the research data to calculate the effect.
C.They studied the disease and lifespan together time and time again.
D.They measured particulate matter much more carefully than before.
3.What can be inferred from the text?
A.The key to people living longer is good air quality.
B.People think air pollution is the most dangerous killer to them.
C.Apte will agree that people should take action to deal with air pollution.
D.Factories should decrease the production of cars to stop air pollution.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.The Way Human Beings Enjoy a Longer Lifespan
B.The Importance of Getting Rid of Air Pollution
C.Asian People Are Suffering from Serious Air Pollution
D.Air Pollution Reduces the Lifespan by More than One Year
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
In summer, you’d better wear ______ pair of sunglasses to protect your eyes from ______sun.
A. an; the B. a; the
C. a; an D. an; a
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析