By the midnineteenth century, the term “icebox” had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in places like hotels and hospitals, and by some forwardlooking city businessmen in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War (1861～1865 ), it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half of the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and onethird of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox, early form of the modern refrigerator，had been invented.
Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, people only had some simple and basic knowledge of the physics of heat. The common idea that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Early efforts to save ice included wrapping up the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance needed for an efficient icebox.
But as early as 1803, a Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been in the correct direction. He owned a farm and used an icebox of his own design for the transportation of his butter to a market in the village of Georgetown. And there he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting goods of his competitors to pay a higher price for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, onepound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their produce cool.As a result，Moore managed to earn a large sum of money.
| The Origin of Refrigerators | |
| History of the icebox | *By the mid19th century the1._______ that ice had on American citizens' life was limited mainly to the diet. *When cities grew, the ice 2.________ increased. *Forwardlooking businessmen used ice to keep meat, fish and butter3._______. *After the Civil War, due to the 4._______ of the modern refrigerator, household use of ice became possible. |
| Incorrect5.________ about the icebox | *The icebox 6.________ best when the ice was prevented from melting. *Ice should be 7.________ up in blankets to help do its jobs. |
| Thomas Moore's story | *As early as 1803, Thomas Moore knew how to use an icebox8.________. *An icebox was designed by Thomas Moore to9.________ his butter to the market. *Thomas Moore was very10.______ in his business. |
高三英语填空题中等难度题
By the midnineteenth century, the term “icebox” had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in places like hotels and hospitals, and by some forwardlooking city businessmen in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War (1861～1865 ), it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half of the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and onethird of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox, early form of the modern refrigerator，had been invented.
Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, people only had some simple and basic knowledge of the physics of heat. The common idea that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Early efforts to save ice included wrapping up the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance needed for an efficient icebox.
But as early as 1803, a Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been in the correct direction. He owned a farm and used an icebox of his own design for the transportation of his butter to a market in the village of Georgetown. And there he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting goods of his competitors to pay a higher price for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, onepound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their produce cool.As a result，Moore managed to earn a large sum of money.
| The Origin of Refrigerators | |
| History of the icebox | *By the mid19th century the1._______ that ice had on American citizens' life was limited mainly to the diet. *When cities grew, the ice 2.________ increased. *Forwardlooking businessmen used ice to keep meat, fish and butter3._______. *After the Civil War, due to the 4._______ of the modern refrigerator, household use of ice became possible. |
| Incorrect5.________ about the icebox | *The icebox 6.________ best when the ice was prevented from melting. *Ice should be 7.________ up in blankets to help do its jobs. |
| Thomas Moore's story | *As early as 1803, Thomas Moore knew how to use an icebox8.________. *An icebox was designed by Thomas Moore to9.________ his butter to the market. *Thomas Moore was very10.______ in his business. |
高三英语填空题中等难度题查看答案及解析
Dutch treat is a late-nineteenth-century term, and it originally refers to a dinner where everyone is expected to pay for his own share of the food and drink. If people go “Dutch treat”, or simply “go Dutch”, it means that they will share the expenses of a social engagement.
There are many other “Dutch” expressions in English, many of which were invented in Britain in the seventeenth century, when the Dutch and the English were commercial and military rivals. The British used “Dutch” to refer to something bad, cheap and shameful. A “Dutch bargain” at that time was an uneven, one-sided deal; “Dutch reckoning” was an unitemized(未逐条记载的) account; and “Dutch widow” was slang for prostitute. Later centuries brought in “Dutch courage”, for bravery caused by drink; “Dutch concert”, for noisy music; “Dutch nightingale”, meaning a frog; and “double Dutch”, for incomprehensible language or talk.
Some of the expressions are still in use today, but some are not. In fact, in American English, some “Dutch” expressions have nothing to do with the Dutch, but something with the German. It was probably because of the similar spelling and pronunciation that people made a mistake in distinguishing between “Dutch” and “Deutsch” (the German word for German), when German immigrants came to America in the 1700s. For instance, “the Pennsylvania Dutch” refers to the German descendants, instead of the Dutch descendants, living in Pennsylvania.
1.Many of the “Dutch” expressions were invented with negative sense, because ___________.
A. The Dutch were underdeveloped people.
B. Britain and Holland were competitors at that time.
C. The Dutch had many bad habits.
D. The British were superior to the Dutch.
2. With the information you get from Paragraph 2, make a guess at the meaning of the sentence “You are in Dutch”. It probably means ____________ .
A.You are in Holland. B. You are welcome.
C. You are in trouble. D. You are lucky.
3.According to the passage, some native American “Dutch” expressions were related to the German instead of the Dutch, simply because ______________.
A. People hated the German as much as the Dutch.
B. People made a mistake at the beginning.
C. People made a joke about the German.
D. The German immigrants proclaimed that they were Dutch.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Beyond the Factory: Child Labor in the Cities
At the beginning of the nineteenth century, factory owners faced few restrictions on the way they employed their children workers, who were between the age of 7 and 12. Gradually laws came into being.
The first child-labor laws were passed at the state level in America and usually focused on both required education and a minimum age for employment. And added rules limited the length of the workday for children. Pennsylvania, for example, limited the workday to 10 hours for children under 12. However, government officials cared little whether businesses followed the law. In fact one group of children was left entirely unprotected by labor laws -- the children of immigrant families.
By the beginning of the twentieth century, piecework appeared, for which people were paid by the piece. Significant numbers of women sewed baby dresses or men's neckties and made the artificial flowers used to decorate hats. Piecework turned homes into factories that were free from the law, and countless children worked long hours alongside their mothers and old sisters.
Manufactures exploited the system shamelessly and paid the lowest wages they could. Embroidering (刺绣) a silk dress, which was a 10-day job, might generate a five-dollar payment. In the case of "willowing", workers needed to add more strands to ostrich feathers used on hats to make them longer and more graceful. The first willowers were paid 15 cents per inch, but a few months later, the pay was reduced to 13 cents. Within three years, willowers were earning only three cents per inch.
In order to survive under these circumstances, pieceworkers had even their youngest children help them. In one Italian neighborhood, a three-year-old girl helped her mother sew clothes. In another case, a child of eight who had lived in New York for three years had never been to school at all and could speak almost no English. Slowly child labor laws brought these abuses to an end.
31. The first child-labor laws required ______.
A. workplace safety and conditions
B. minimum payment and age
C. education and working time
D. minimum payment and schooling
32. Manufactures who hired women to do piecework ______.
A. were kind and concerned employers
B. were sometimes called "willowers"
C. usually paid the lowest salary
D. forced children to turn home into factories
33. "Willowing" was a kind of ______.
A. handwork activity B. workplace
C. payment requirement D. workers
34. By raising the example of the three-year-old girl's experience in the last paragraph, the author intended to ______.
A. show how poor the situations were for children workers
B. blame those adult pieceworkers for allowing children to work
C. attract attention to protect young children
D. emphasize the importance of educating young children
35. Which of the following sentences best summarizes the passage?
A. The first child-labor laws were limited due to working at the state level.
B. Early child-labor laws offered no protection to children who worked at home.
C. Some immigrant children did not learn English because of their piecework.
D. Child-labor laws should have come into being before children became workers.
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
In the late nineteenth century, ^5,000 pianos were sold in the United States each year and, with over half a million youths learning to play the instrument, there was a huge demand for sheet music （活页乐谱）．Indeed the demand was so huge that publishers rushed to enter the profitable market．During the last fifteen years of the century, many publishers began to set up shops in New York, the center for the production of the musical arts
By the turn of the nineteenth century many important publishers had their offices on 28th Street between Broadway and 5th Avenue, and this Is the area that became known as Tin Pan Alley．It was here that publishers adopted new, aggressive business practices and marketing techniques to achieve great sales．
How it became to be known by that name is unclear, but the general opinion is that it is down to a visiting journalist by the name of Monroe Rosenfeld．He described the area as being drowned in the noise coming from the producers' offices, sounding as though hundreds of people were hitting tin pans（锡锅）．He used it several times in his newspaper articles in the early twentieth century and the term stuck．With time this name was popularly embraced and many years later it came to describe the U．S．music publishing industry in general．
The start of Tin Pan Alley is usually dated to about 1885,．but the end of Tin Pan Alley is less clear-cut ．Some date it to the start of the Great．Depression in the 1930s when the phonograph（留声机） and radio replaced sheet music, as the driving force of American popular music, while others consider Tin Pan Alley to have continued into thel950s when earlier styles of American popular music were upstaged （抢风头） by the rise of rock & roll．
There's a plaque（纪念匾牌）on the sidewalk on 28th Street in honor of the influence of Tin Pan Alley on American popular culture, but the buildings that were home to the legendary Tin Pan Alley publishers and songwriters are up for sale and may be torn down to make room for modern high-rise buildings．
1.What．is the passage mainly about ?
A．American popular music．
B．Tin Pan Alley's future。
C．American music Industry．
D．The history of Tin Pan Alley．
2.In the early 20th century．Tin Pan Alley was used to refer to ____．
A．the American popular culture． B．the American printing media
C．the American rock-music center D．the American music publishing industry．
3.In the nineteenth century, the driving force of American popular music was:____．
A．rock & roll B．sheet music
C．country music D．phonographs and radios
4.When visiting Tin Pan Alley , Rosenfeld probably felt it was ____．
A．very noisy B．very quiet C．wide D．narrow
5.We can learn from the passage that ______．
A．the term " Tin Pan Alley" was perhaps first used by Rosenfeld．
B．the old shops of Tin Pan Alley will be well protected．
C．Tin Pan Alley got its name in the early nineteenth century．
D．there were once some factories in Tin Pan Alley
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Argentina in the late nineteenth century was an exciting place. Around 1870, it was experiencing an economic boom, and the capital, Buenos Aires, attracted many people. Farmers, as well as a flood of foreigners from Spain and Italy, came to Buenos Aires seeking jobs. These jobs didn’t pay well, and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city. As the unhappy newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city, the dance known as the tango (探戈舞) came into being
At the beginning the tango was a dance of the lower classes. It was danced in the bars and streets. At that time there were many fewer women than men, so if a man didn’t want to be left out, his only choice was to dance with another man so that he could attract the attention of the few available women. Gradually, the dance spread into the upper classes of Argentinean society and became more respectable.
In Europe at this time, strong interest in dance from around the world was beginning. The interest in international dance was especially evident in Paris. Every kind of dance from ballet to belly dancing could be found on the stages of the Paris theaters. After tango dances from Argentina arrive in Europe, they began to draw the interest of the public as they performed their exiting dance in cafes. Though not everyone approved of the new dance, saying it was a little too shocking, the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.
The popularity of the tango continued to grow in many other parts of the world. Soldiers who returned to the United States from World War I brought the tango to North America. It reached Japan in 1926, and in 2003 the Argentinean embassy in Seoul hired a local tango dancer to act as a kind of dance ambassador, and promote tango dancing throughout South Korea.
1.The origin of the tango is associated with _________.
A Belly dances B. American soldiers
C. the capital of Argentina D. Spanish city
2.Which of the following is true about the tango?
A. It was created by foreigners from Spain and Italy.
B. People of the upper classes loved the tango most
C. A dancer in Seoul became the Argentinean ambassador.
D. It was often danced by two male in the beginning
3. Before World War I, the tango spread to __________.
A. America B. Japan
C. France D. South Korea
4.What can be the best title for the text?
A. How to Dance the Tango
B. The History of the Tango
C. How to Promote the Tango
D. The Modern Tango Boom
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Argentina in the late nineteenth century was an exciting place. Around 1870, it was experiencing an economic(经济的)boom, and the capital, Buenos Aires, attracted many people. Farmers, as well as a flood of foreigners from Spain and Italy, came to Buenos Aires seeking jobs. These jobs didn’t pay well, and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city. As the unhappy newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city, the dance known as the tango(探戈舞)came into being.
At the beginning the tango was a dance of the lower classes. It was danced in the bars and streets . At that time there many fewer women than men, so if a man didn’t want to be left out, his only choice was to dance with another man so that he could attract the attention of the few available women .Gradually, the dance spread into the upper classes of Argentinean society and became more respectable.
In Europe at this time, strong interest in dance from around the world was beginning .The interest in international dance was especially evident in Paris. Every kind of dance from ballet(芭蕾舞) to belly dancing could be found on the stages of the Paris theaters of the Paris theaters .After tango dances from Argentina arrive in Europe, they began to draw the interest of the public and they performed their exiting dance in cafes. Though not everyone approved of the new dance ,saying it was a little too shocking, the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.
The popularity（流行）of the tango continued to grow in many other parts of the world. Soldiers who returned to the United States from World War I brought the tango to North America. It reached Japan in 1926,and in 2003 the Argentinean embassy in Seoul hired a local tango dancer to act as a kind of dance ambassador, and promote tango dancing throughout South Korea.
1.The origin of the tango is associated with .
A. Belly dances B. American soldiers
C. Spanish city D. the capital of Argentina
2.Which of the following is true about the tango?
A. It was created by foreigners from Spain and Italy.
B. People of the upper classes loved the tango most
C. It was often danced by two male in the beginning
D.A dancer in Seoul became the Argentinean ambassador.
3.Before World War I, the tango spread to .
A. America B. Japan C. France D. South Korea
4.What can be the best title for the text?
A. How to Dance the Tango
B. The History of the Tango
C. How to Promote the Tango
D. The Modern Tango Boom
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Argentina in the late nineteenth century was an exciting place. Around 1870, it was experiencing an economic(经济的)boom, and the capital, Buenos Aires, attracted many people. Farmers, as well as a flood of foreigners from Spain and Italy, came to Buenos Aires seeking jobs. These jobs didn′t pay well, and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city. As the unhappy newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city, the dance known an the tango(探戈舞)came into being
At the beginning the tango was a dance of the lower classes. It was danced in the bars and streets. At that time there many fewer women than men, so if a man didn′t want to be left out, his only choice was to dance with another man so that he could attract the attention of the few available women. Gradually, the dance spread into the upper classes of Argentinean society and became more respectable.
In Europe at this time, strong interest in dance from around the world was beginning
The interest in international dance was especially evident in Paris. Every kind of dance from ballet(芭蕾舞)to belly dancing could be found on the stages of the Paris theaters of the Paris theaters. After tango dances from Argentina arrive in Europe, they began to draw the interest of the public an they performed their exiting dance in cafes, Though not everyone approved of the new dance, saying it was a little too shocking, the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.
The popularity（流行）Of the tango continued to grow in many other parts of the world. Soldiers who returned to the United States from World War I brought the tango to North America, It reached Japan in 1926, and in 2003 the Argentinean embassy in Seoul hired a local tango dancer to act an a kind of dance ambassador, and promote tango dancing throughout South Korea.
1.The origin of the tango is associated with
A Belly dances B. American soldiers
C. Spanish city D. the capital of Argentina
2. Which of the following is true about the tango?
A．It was created by foreigners from Spain and Italy.
B．People of the upper classes loved the tango most
C．It was often danced by two male in the beginning
D．A dancer in Seoul became the Argentinean ambassador.
3.Before World War I, the tango spread to
A．America B．Japan
C．France D．South Korea
4.What can be the best title for the text?
A．How to Dance the Tango B．The History of the Tango
C．How to Promote the Tango D．The Modern Tango Boom
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
默书
1.However, it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries __________ of the botanical world __________. … Brave young men took the opportunity of going on botanical expeditions, __________ many dangers ….
2.Every day, we pass by advertisements on buses and billboards, on trains and in train stations, ___________ and on public notice boards. … With so many messages __________ our daily lives, it is important to understand how advertisements work.
3.When you come to think about it, there are only four __________ deal with rubbish…. The need to produce __________ of cheap food leads to a different kind of pollution.
4.She was sentimentally attached to this house, __________ it was far too big for her needs, she __________ living there long after her husband’s death.
高三英语填空题中等难度题查看答案及解析
Argentina in the late nineteenth century was an exciting place.Around 1870，it was experiencing an economic(经济的)boom，and the capital，Buenos Aires，attracted many people.Farmers，as well as a flood of foreigners from Spain and Italy，came to Buenos Aires seeking jobs.These jobs didn’t pay well，and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city.As the unhappy newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city，the dance known as the tango(探戈舞)came into being.
At the beginning the tango was a dance of the lower classes.It was danced in the bars and streets.At that time there were many fewer women than men，so if a man didn’t want to be left out，his only choice was to dance with another man so that he could attract the attention of the few available women.Gradually，the dance spread into the upper classes of Argentinean society and became more respectable.
In Europe at this time，strong interest in dance from around the world was beginning.This interest in international dance was especially evident in Paris.Every kind of dance from ballet(芭蕾舞)to belly dancing could be found on the stages of the Paris theaters.After tango dancers from Argentina arrived in Europe，they began to draw the interest of the public as they performed their exciting dance in cafes.Though not everyone approved of the new dance，saying it was a little too shocking，the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.
The popularity(流行)of the tango continued to grow in many other parts of the world.Soldiers who returned to the United States from World War I brought the tango to North America.It reached Japan in 1926，and in 2003 the Argentinean embassy in Seoul hired a local tango dancer to act as a kind of dance ambassador，and promote tango dancing throughout South Korea.
1.The origin of the tango is associated with________.
A．belly dancers
B．American soldiers
C．a Spanish city
D．the capital of Argentina
2.Which of the following is true about the tango?
A．It was created by foreigners from Spain and Italy.
B．People of the upper classes loved the tango most.
C．It was often danced by two males in the beginning.
D．A dancer in Seoul became the Argentinean ambassador.
3.Before World War I，the tango spread to________.
A．America B．Japan
C．France D．South Korea
4.What can be the best title for the text?
A．How to Dance the Tango
B．The History of the Tango
C．How to Promote the Tango
D．The Modern Tango Boom
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Argentina in the late nineteenth century was an exciting place．Around 1870, it was experiencing an economic boom, and the capital, Buenos Aires, attracted many people．Farmers, as well as a flood of foreigners from Spain and Italy, came to Buenos Aires seeking jobs．These jobs didn’t pay well, and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city．As the unhappy newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city, the dance known as the tango （探戈舞） came into being
At the beginning the tango was a dance of the lower classes．It was danced in the bars and streets．At that time there were many fewer women than men, so if a man didn’t want to be left out, his only choice was to dance with another man so that he could attract the attention of the few available women．Gradually, the dance spread into the upper classes of Argentinean society and became more respectable．
In Europe at this time, strong interest in dance from around the world was beginning．The interest in international dance was especially evident in Paris．Every kind of dance from ballet to belly dancing could be found on the stages of the Paris theaters．After tango dances from Argentina arrive in Europe, they began to draw the interest of the public as they performed their exiting dance in cafes．Though not everyone approved of the new dance, saying it was a little too shocking, the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular．
The popularity of the tango continued to grow in many other parts of the world．Soldiers who returned to the United States from World War I brought the tango to North America．It reached Japan in 1926, and in 2003 the Argentinean embassy in Seoul hired a local tango dancer to act as a kind of dance ambassador, and promote tango dancing throughout South Korea．
1.The origin of the tango is associated with _________．
A．Belly dances B．American soldiers
C．the capital of Argentina D．Spanish city
2.Which of the following is true about the tango?
A．It was created by foreigners from Spain and Italy．
B．People of the upper classes loved the tango most
C．A dancer in Seoul became the Argentinean ambassador．
D．It was often danced by two male in the beginning
3.Before World War I, the tango spread to __________．
A．America B．Japan C．France D．South Korea
4.What can be the best title for the text?
A．How to Dance the Tango B．The History of the Tango
C．How to Promote the Tango D．The Modern Tango Boom
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析