IT’S never a real problem for us when the weather gets cold. We can put on more clothes, stay next to a fireplace, turn on the air conditioner or simply travel to a warmer city to spend the winter – people have many different ways of coping with the cold.
But things are not as easy for plants. Unlike humans, plants can’t move to escape the cold or generate heat to keep themselves warm. So how do they manage to survive the freezing winter?
It turns out that plants have their own strategies too, said a study published on Dec 22 in the journal Nature.
According to researcher Amy Zanne of George Washington University, US, the cold is a big challenge for plants. Their living tissues can be damaged when they freeze. “It’s like a plant’s equivalent to frostbite (冻疮),” Zanne told Science Daily. Also, the process of freezing and thawing (解冻) can cause air bubbles to form in the plant’s water transport system. “If enough of these air bubbles come together as water thaws they can block the flow of water from the roots to the leaves and kill the plant,” she explained.
To live through cold weather, plants have developed three traits, according to the study. Some plants, such as oak trees, avoid freezing damage by dropping their leaves before the winter chill sets in – effectively shutting off the flow of water between roots and leaves – and growing new leaves and water transport cells when the warm spring returns.
Other plants, pine trees for example, protect themselves by narrowing their water transport cells, which makes it easier for cells to travel among air bubbles.
The third strategy is also the most extreme – some plants die on the ground in winter and start growing as new plants from seeds when conditions get warmer.
However, the study also found that these smart strategies were developed very slowly – over millions of years of evolution. This leads scientists to worry that plants may not be able to deal with human-caused climate change, which has only started occurring over the past few decades.
Scientists are hoping that this study can help people find possible ways to save plants from the threat of climate change.
1.What is the article mainly about?
A. Why plants are not afraid of the winter chill.
B. The ways that plants survive cold weather.
C. Changes in plants’ water transport system in winter.
D. How plants evolve to keep up with climate change.
2.According to the article, if a plant freezes in the winter, ______.
A. it produces more living tissues to stay alive
B. its leaves quickly fall out and its roots begin to die
C. lots of air bubbles form in its water transport system
D. its water transport system could be blocked in the spring
3.How do oak trees usually survive the cold winters?
A. By dropping their leaves before winter.
B. By narrowing their water transport cells.
C. By widening their water transport cells.
D. By leaving only the seeds alive and growing from the seeds in the spring.
4.What are scientists worried about when it comes to plants according to the article?
A. Plants may not be able to adapt to the increasingly cold climate.
B. Human activities might have a great impact on the pace of plants’ evolution.
C. Plants may not be able to evolve fast enough to adapt to human-caused climate change.
D. The strategies plants develop are not good enough to protect them against cold.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
IT’S never a real problem for us when the weather gets cold. We can put on more clothes, stay next to a fireplace, turn on the air conditioner or simply travel to a warmer city to spend the winter – people have many different ways of coping with the cold.
But things are not as easy for plants. Unlike humans, plants can’t move to escape the cold or generate heat to keep themselves warm. So how do they manage to survive the freezing winter?
It turns out that plants have their own strategies too, said a study published on Dec 22 in the journal Nature.
According to researcher Amy Zanne of George Washington University, US, the cold is a big challenge for plants. Their living tissues can be damaged when they freeze. “It’s like a plant’s equivalent to frostbite (冻疮),” Zanne told Science Daily. Also, the process of freezing and thawing (解冻) can cause air bubbles to form in the plant’s water transport system. “If enough of these air bubbles come together as water thaws they can block the flow of water from the roots to the leaves and kill the plant,” she explained.
To live through cold weather, plants have developed three traits, according to the study. Some plants, such as oak trees, avoid freezing damage by dropping their leaves before the winter chill sets in – effectively shutting off the flow of water between roots and leaves – and growing new leaves and water transport cells when the warm spring returns.
Other plants, pine trees for example, protect themselves by narrowing their water transport cells, which makes it easier for cells to travel among air bubbles.
The third strategy is also the most extreme – some plants die on the ground in winter and start growing as new plants from seeds when conditions get warmer.
However, the study also found that these smart strategies were developed very slowly – over millions of years of evolution. This leads scientists to worry that plants may not be able to deal with human-caused climate change, which has only started occurring over the past few decades.
Scientists are hoping that this study can help people find possible ways to save plants from the threat of climate change.
1.What is the article mainly about?
A. Why plants are not afraid of the winter chill.
B. The ways that plants survive cold weather.
C. Changes in plants’ water transport system in winter.
D. How plants evolve to keep up with climate change.
2.According to the article, if a plant freezes in the winter, ______.
A. it produces more living tissues to stay alive
B. its leaves quickly fall out and its roots begin to die
C. lots of air bubbles form in its water transport system
D. its water transport system could be blocked in the spring
3.How do oak trees usually survive the cold winters?
A. By dropping their leaves before winter.
B. By narrowing their water transport cells.
C. By widening their water transport cells.
D. By leaving only the seeds alive and growing from the seeds in the spring.
4.What are scientists worried about when it comes to plants according to the article?
A. Plants may not be able to adapt to the increasingly cold climate.
B. Human activities might have a great impact on the pace of plants’ evolution.
C. Plants may not be able to evolve fast enough to adapt to human-caused climate change.
D. The strategies plants develop are not good enough to protect them against cold.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
When the weather gets cold, we can put on more clothes, stay next to a fireplace, turn on the air conditioner or simply travel to a warmer city to spend the winter – people have many different ways of coping with the cold.
But things are not as easy for plants. Unlike humans, plants can’t move to escape the cold or generate heat to keep themselves warm. So how do they manage to survive the freezing winter?
It turns out that plants have their own strategies too, said a study published on Dec 22 in the journal Nature.
According to researcher Amy Zanne of George Washington University, US, the cold is a big challenge for plants. Their living tissues can be damaged when they freeze. “It’s like a plant’s equivalent to frostbite (冻疮),” Zanne told Science Daily. Also, the process of freezing and thawing (解冻) can cause air bubbles to form in the plant’s water transport system. “If enough of these air bubbles come together as water thaws they can block the flow of water from the roots to the leaves and kill the plant,” she explained.
To live through cold weather, plants have developed three traits, according to the study. Some plants, such as oak trees, avoid freezing damage by dropping their leaves before the winter chill sets in – effectively shutting off the flow of water between roots and leaves – and growing new leaves and water transport cells when the warm spring returns.
Other plants, pine trees for example, protect themselves by narrowing their water transport cells, which makes it easier for cells to travel among air bubbles.
The third strategy is also the most extreme – some plants die on the ground in winter and start growing as new plants from seeds when conditions get warmer.
However, the study also found that these smart strategies were developed very slowly – over millions of years of evolution. This leads scientists to worry that plants may not be able to deal with human-caused climate change, which has only started occurring over the past few decades.
Scientists are hoping that this study can help people find possible ways to save plants from the threat of climate change.
1.What is the article mainly about?
A.Why plants are not afraid of the winter chill.
B.The ways that plants survive cold weather.
C.Changes in plants’ water transport system in winter.
D.How plants evolve to keep up with climate change.
2.According to the article, if a plant freezes in the winter, ______.
A.it produces more living tissues to stay alive
B.its leaves quickly fall out and its roots begin to die
C.its water transport cells are narrowed
D.its water transport system could be blocked
3.How do oak trees usually survive the cold winters?
A.By dropping their leaves before winter.
B.By narrowing their water transport cells.
C.By widening their water transport cells.
D.By dropping seeds on the ground so that the new trees can grow in the spring.
4.What are scientists worried about when it comes to plants according to the article?
A.Plants may not be able to adapt to the increasingly cold climate.
B.Human activities might have a great impact on the pace of plants’ evolution.
C.Plants may not be able to evolve fast enough to adapt to human-caused climate change.
D.The strategies plants develop are not good enough to protect them against cold.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Many of us put real effort in when we cook for others but when we are alone, we reach for the takeaway menu. Somehow it just doesn’t seem worth bothering if no one else is going to eat it.
That’s the attitude Signe Johansen wants to change and it’s the inspiration behind her new book Solo: The Joy of Cooking for One.
“Cooking for yourself is an acceptance of your self-worth, ” Signe says. “I think it’s important that you recognize your worth all the time, not just if you live alone, but on the weekend if your partner is away or whatever. If you take the time to look after yourself, you are essentially saying you are worth the effort. ”
With nearly a third of UK households containing just one person, Signe believes it’s time to overturn the idea for solo dining. “When I’ve told people I’m writing a book on solo cooking, they’ve interpreted it as recipes for sad people, ”she says. “But for me , and for many, some of the happiest times I’ve had cooking have been when I’ve been by myself.”
Food has always been a big part of Signe’s life. Growing up in Norway, much of her childhood was spent on her grandparents’ farm, picking produce and learning to cook, before going on to study at Leiths School of Food and Wine in London.
But it’s the recent trend for self-sufficiency that motivates her to champion the idea of enjoying a more selfish approach to food preparation. “You can just make whatever you want, which is really liberating.” Besides, cooking for yourself is one of the fundamental things we should start with in life.
1.What attitude does Signe want to change in her new book?
A.Cooking only for others. B.Being selfish in the kitchen.
C.Willingness to cook when alone. D.Hesitation to order takeout food.
2.How do British people find solo dining in a traditional way?
A.It offers a way of self-care. B.It communicates a sense of joy.
C.It means recognition of self-worth. D.It indicates a feeling of unhappiness.
3.According to Signe, which of the following benefits does solo cooking include?
A.No food going to waste. B.Sadness coming to an end.
C.Enjoying the sense of freedom. D.Cooking meals with separate tastes.
4.Who would like Signe’s new book most?
A.A hostess. B.A single lady.
C.A housekeeper. D.A travelling salesperson.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
--The weather is too cold ___ March this year.
-- It was still ___ when I came here years ago.
A. for; colder B. in; cold
C. in; hot D. for; hotter
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
——The weather is too cold ____ March this year.
——It was still ____ when I came here years ago.
A.for; colder B.in; cold C.in; hot D.for; hotter
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
—The weather is too cold ____ November this year.
—It was even ____ when I came here years ago.
A. for; colder B. in; cold C. in; hot D. for; hotter
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
He was still full of optimism for the future despite many problems, and never once ______ him get worried or upset.
A. I saw B. I would see
C. did I see D. would I see
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
The biggest problem for most plants, which ______ just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them.
A. shan’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
The biggest problem for most plants, which ______ just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them.
A.can’t B.shan’t
C.needn’t D.mustn’t
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
The biggest problem for most plants, which ______ just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them.
A.can’t B.shan’t
C.needn’t D.mustn’t
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析