_ massive 9.0-magnitude earthquake struck ___...

_ massive 9.0-magnitude earthquake struck ___ Pacific coastal areas of northeastern Japan on March 11, 2011.

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

It was March 11, 2011 _______ magnitude-9.0 earthquake struck Japan and subsequent tsunami triggered the large-scale crisis.

A. that              B. when             C. on which         D. which

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It was March 11, 2011 ____ magnitude-9．0 earthquake struck Japan and subsequent tsunami triggered the large-scale crisis．

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The City of Christchurch, New Zealand was struck by a 7.1­magnitude earthquake on the early morning of Saturday, September 4, 2010.

No tsunami alert was reported. The country's army troops were on standby to assist victims and disaster recovery operation. New Zealand's Prime Minister John Key, flew to the affected area to inspect and assess the situation of the damaged city. The Prime Minister said that the full assessment of the damages would possibly take months to know the severity of damages. Based from his assessment on what he saw in the area, it could cost at least 2 billion New Zealand dollars or US$1.4 billion for reconstruction.

“An absolute miracle that no one died，” Prime Minister John Key said. Two were seriously injured from this quake and thousands of local residents were awakened after being shaken at 4：35 a.m. of that Saturday.

There were people trapped inside the damaged buildings but fortunately none were reported dead from the rubble of the damaged buildings.

“We're all feeling scared—we've just had some significant aftershocks，” a survivor told TV One News. “Tonight we're just people in the face of a massive natural disaster, trying to help each other and we're grateful we haven't lost a life.”

GNS Science reported 29 aftershocks within the 14 hours after the quake, with strength from magnitude 3.7 to 5.4.

New_Zealand_is_no_stranger_to_earthquakes. The country experiences more than 14，000 earthquakes a year—but only about 150 are felt by people.

“Many buildings here were built with earthquake protection measure. However, in most cities in developing countries, people build how they want to and there're no building controls to force them to build to a higher standard that's safe，” Andrew Charleson, an architecture professor at Victoria University of Wellington told CNN.

1.How many people were killed in the New Zealand earthquake on September 4, 2010?

A．250，000.　 B．29.　 C．2.　 D．0.

2.After the earthquake, all of the following occurred EXCEPT that________．

A．a number of aftershocks broke out

B．army troops were there to help

C．no people were injured or killed

D．the full assessment of the damages can't take in a short time

3.What does the writer want to say by quoting Professor Andrew Charleson's words in the last paragraph?

A．Earthquakes are much more terrible and bigger in developing countries.

B．Lacking of money, developing countries can't build safe buildings.

C．Building controls are the guarantee of safe buildings.

D．In developing countries, people have more freedom to design their buildings the way they like.

4.What does the underlined sentence mean?

A．Earthquakes break out frequently in New Zealand.

B．The earthquakes breaking out in New Zealand are very strange.

C．The earthquakes breaking out in New Zealand are unusual.

D．Earthquakes rarely hit New Zealand.

5.What's the main idea of the passage?

A．A massive earthquake struck the city of Christchurch of New Zealand.

B．No one was ever killed in earthquakes in New Zealand.

C．New Zealand has strict laws to guarantee the buildings' safety.

D．A miracle happened in the terrible earthquake.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

An earthquake of 9 magnitude struck off the coast of Japan on Friday,______ thousands of people dead and more missing．

A．caused           B．causing           C．having caused      D．to cause

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Kiribati covers a massive 3.5 million square kilometers stretch of the Pacific Ocean, but in population terms it is one of the smallest countries in the world, with only 100,000 people. More than half of them live in the capital Tarawa—strip of coral which measures just 450 meters at its widest point. As well as being narrow, Kiribati is extremely low lying, which makes it one of the most easily influenced countries in the world when it comes to climate change.

“We are counting the days rather than the decades…We don't have the time that we thought we had previously,” Kiribati President Anote Tong said.

Pelenise Alofa returned to Kiribati six years ago. The changes she saw led to her becoming one of the islands principal climate change campaigners. "Things began to change when I came here. I realized the king tides were big, and I told them 'have you heard of climate change, have you heard of global wanning, this is part of it, you're in it,'" Ms Alofa told SBS.

Linda Uan and her New Zealand born husband John have been documenting the changing climate in Kiribati for nearly 20 years. They didn't have to travel far to film the effects of a storm three years ago when for the first time it washed through their home. "There's been a lot of changes," Linda said, “When we were little there was a definite dry season and a definite wet season, now you can't feel the difference anymore.”

Kiribati is not just facing one knock-out punch but a whole round of killer blows. Because of its sensibility to the El Nino and La Nina weather patterns, climate scientists say droughts and floods will be more severe than in the past. Warmer seas could affect the migration patterns of fish, taking away vast taxes it gains from selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers, while increased storms are expected to destroy crops and make the limited supply of water in the shallow water pools undrinkable.

It’s a claim the country will take to Copenhagen as it seeks to get the world's big emitters （排放者） to face up to the consequences of their actions. “It's a whole world issue,” President Tong said. “It’s a moral issue…it's almost criminal.”

1.According to the passage, we can infer that         .

A．Kiribati covers a land area of 3,500,000 km2

B．the country's average altitude is 450 meters in Kiribati

C．Kiribati is one of the countries facing the climate change calmly

D．Over fifty thousand people live in Tarawa

2.President Anote’s words are quoted in order to show          .

A．the high pressure from time      B．the importance of measuring time

C．the different timing units       D．the personal attitude towards time

3.Which of the following statements does Ms Alofa probably agree with?

A．The tides hitting Kiribati used to be bigger than they are now.

B．Most people in the world have never heard of global warming.

C．Nobody can keep away from the effects caused by climate changes.

D．Changes in this country will make you a climate change campaigner.

4.Climate changes have brought about the consequences EXCEPT        .

A．Severe droughts and floods       B．abundant fresh water

C．fiercer storm and tide           D．changed living patterns of fish

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The magnitude 7.9 quake struck Sichuan province on May 12 at around noontime, which may have increased the human death toll because many people were at school, and the school buildings turned out to be not firm enough to collapse because of poor construction. More than 69,000 people have been confirmed dead so far, and more than 374,000 injured, with fears of further disasters because several lakes created by rockfall dams may give way and cause sudden flooding.

Clark Burchfiel, Schlumberger Professor of Geology, and Leigh Royden, professor of geology and geophysics in the Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences at MIT, have been doing extensive research in that region of China and the Tibetan plateau(高原) for more than two decades, but had found no signs that suggested such a large earthquake might strike the area.

The team operated 25 broadband seismograph (地震仪) stations in this region of western Sichuan for more than a year. "Nobody was thinking there would be a major earthquake in that area," Royden says. "This earthquake was quite unusual, and may have involved a simultaneously（同时发生的） severe break of two separate but neighboring faults," she continued.

The region is extremely unusual geologically, Royden says, because of the very steep slopes at the boundary between the Sichuan Basin to the east and the Tibetan plateau to the west. The altitude rises sharply by about 3,500 meters (more than two miles) over a span of only about 50 kilometers (about 30 miles).

The area where the quake occurred is part of the boundary between two of the Earth's structural plates, where the Indian and Asian plates meet in an ongoing collision that has created the Himalayan mountains and the Tibetan plateau. But in central and eastern Tibet, unlike most other areas of continental collision, much of the movement of crust（地壳） is hidden from view. Instead of thickening the entire crust by folding and faulting, the surface of the eastern Tibetan plateau is not deformed（变形的） and is being lifted upward by thickening of a weak crustal layer more than 15 km below the surface.

60. Why did the school buildings collapse in the earthquake, according to the passage?

A. They had too long a history.

B. They were poorly built.

C. They were crowded with students and teachers.

D. They were damaged by the earthquake.

61. Based on Para. 1, why does the writer think that more people will be killed or injured after

the earthquake?

A. Because there will be more aftershocks after the major quake.

B. Because more school buildings will collapse after the quake.

C. Because destructive flooding caused by rockfall dams is likely to occur..

D. Because there was not enough medical care for the injured in the area.

62. What can we infer from this passage?

A. There was no prediction that such a large-scale quake might occur there.

B. Researchers had done little research in that area before the earthquake struck it.

C. The 5.12 earthquake was the most destructive in the world.

D. If more research had been done, the destruction could have been avoided.

63. Which one can be used as the best title for this passage?

A. The Great Disasters.

B. The Earthquake was very frightening.

C. The Causes of the earthquake.

D. An Extremely Unusual Earthquake.

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Although hurricane season doesn't begin until June 1, a Pacific storm has already struck. El Salvador, which was ruined by a Caribbean storm in 1995, was hit by Hurricane Adrian on Friday. This is the first Pacific-born hurricane to ever reach land in this Central American country.

Some 14,000 people left from the western coast of El Salvador. The storm weakened as it crossed land, heading east. Heavy rains created deadly flooding problems in the hurricane's wake.

Adrian is the first Pacific storm of the season. It reported maximum continuous winds of 75 miles per hour, the minimum strength of a hurricane. A Category 3 hurricane, Adrian also caused damage and flooding in Honduras. It is expected to break up before reaching the Caribbean Sea on the eastern coast of Central America.

Hurricane season typically begins June 1 and lasts through November 30．The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has predicted seven to nine hurricanes for the 2005 season.

"It is difficult to make any kind of an exact prediction of how many of these will strike land," NOAA administrator Conrad Lautenbacher said. He predicts two to three hurricanes will strike the U.S. this season.

Last year, six of nine hurricanes reached Category 3 strength or higher. Four of those hit Florida within a six-week period. Altogether, Hurricanes Charley, Frances, Ivan, and Jeanne caused more than $40 billion in damage in the Sunshine State.

This year's forecast is based on ocean temperatures. Warmer temperatures produce more tropical storms, which can then turn into hurricanes.

"The issue, really, this year is the unusually warm sea surface temperatures in the Atlantic," said Frank Lepore of the National Hurricane Center.

60．Which of the following is the 2005 first hurricane?

A．Charley.   B．Adrian.    C．Jeanne.    D．Frances.

61．How many countries struck by the hurricane are mentioned in the text?

A．Six. B．Nine.       C．Five.       D．Three.

62．We can infer that warmer ocean temperatures ______.

A．have nothing to do with the hurricane

B．cause less hurricane

C．are more likely to cause the hurricanes

D．do a lot of damage to the areas along the coast

63．The passage implies that _______.

A．hurricane season comes early this year

B．every hurricane formed in oceans could cause great damage to the land

C．hurricane often comes in winter and spring

D．tropical storm is more severe than hurricane

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On the morning of July 4, a magnitude 6.4 earthquake rocked Southern California, destroying roads and sending people fleeing to safety. But that wasn't all the Earth had in store: Less than a day and a half later, a powerful magnitude7. I earthquake shook again. While earthquakes are not unexpected, the two most recent earthquakes are the largest that have struck this area in at least two decades. And a series of large and small aftershocks are expected on the way.

The two earthquakes struck in what's known as the Eastern California shear zone, where the Pacific Plate crushed against the North American Plate. The recent events occurred when two blocks of Earth moved side by side.

They seemed to have occurred along the same set of faults (断层)lying in an area known as the Little Lake fault zone-in most circumstances, earthquakes hit in a familiar order: There's a large earthquake followed by a series of smaller events. That's because the movement that occurs during a large earthquake causes increased force in the surrounding area.

But things are quite different in some circumstances, such as the recent pair of earthquakes in California, a relatively large earthquake just being the forerunner for an even bigger event. While the difference between 7.1 and 6.4 may seem minor，magnitude is a logarithmic (对数的) scale. An increase of a unit of magnitude is about 32 times more energy, which means that the energy the second earthquake released is roughly 11 times that of the first one.

''Fortunately, no deaths or major injuries were reported, '' says Bohon, an earthquake geologist. ''It was in a fairly unpopulated area, although a lot of people felt it'' She suggests people who live in earthquake-prone (地震频发的)areas check how prepared they are for the next event. And she also hopes that the earthquake early warning system can play a good role in saving tens of thousands of lives and schools will popularize the knowledge of geological (地质的) disasters among students.

1.What can be learned from the first two paragraphs?

A.The first earthquake was predicted before its occurrence.

B.The two big earthquakes hit the same area within one day.

C.The aftershocks are even more dangerous than the first two earthquakes.

D.The second earthquake is the largest one in Southern California since 2000.

2.What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?

A.The introduction of Eastern California shear zone.

B.The forming process of the Little Lake fault zone.

C.The geological facts about the two big earthquakes.

D.The potential disasters caused by plate movement.

3.The recent two earthquakes represent an unusual circumstance in the way that.

A.a major earthquake is followed by a larger one

B.there is a minor difference in their magnitude

C.the two earthquakes release a similar amount of energy

D.a series of smaller earthquakes occur in the surrounding areas

4.What contributes to the good point of the two Southern California earthquakes?

A.The popularization of earthquake knowledge in schools.

B.Peopled good preparation made in advance.

C.Small populations in the earthquake-hit area.

D.The earthquake early warning system.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

The largest earthquake ( magnitude里氏 9.5) of the 20th century happened on May 22, 1960 off the coast of South Central Chile. 

It generated(生成) one of the most destructive Pacific wide tsunamis(海啸). Near the generating area, both the earthquake and the tsunami were very much destructive, particularly in the coastal area from Concep-cion to the south end of Isla Chiloe. The largest tsunami damage occurred at Isla Chiloe -----the coastal area closest to the epicenter(震中). Huge tsunami waves measuring as high as 25 meters arrived within 10 to 15 minutes after the earthquake, killing at least two hundred people, sinking all the boats, and flooding half a kilometer inland. 

There was large damage and loss of life at Concep-cion, Chile's top industrial city. Near the city of Valdivia, the earthquake and following aftershocks generated landslides which killed 18 people. At the port city of Valparaiso, a city of 200,000, many buildings collapsed . A total of 130,000 houses were destroyed one in every three in the earthquake zone and nearly 2,000,000 people were left homeless.

Total damage losses, including to agriculture and to industry, were estimated(估计) to be over a half billion dollars . The total number of death related with both the tsunami and the earthquake was never found accurately for the region. Estimates of deaths reached between 4,900 to 57,002 with no distinction(差别) as to how many deaths were caused by the earthquake and how many were caused by the tsunami. However, it is believed that most of the deaths in Chile were caused by the tsunami.

1.Where did the largest tsunami damage occurred? 

A. Concep--cion.    B. Isla Chiloe.     C. Valdivia     D. Valparaiso.

2.What can we learn about the tsunami waves generated by the earthquake? 

A. The tsunami waves as high as 25 meters arrived immediately after the earthquake.

B. The tsunami waves killed 200 people and sank all the boats. 

C. The tsunami waves were very destructive. 

D. The tsunami waves flooded half of the inland.

3.What is the total number of deaths in the earthquake? 

A. About 2,000,000.             B. Between 4,900 to 57,002.

C. About 200,000.               D. It was hard to know.

4.What does the underlined word "collapsed" in the third paragragh probably mean ?

A. was destroyed      B. caught fire      C. was flooded     D. sank

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