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Black History Month is also known as the African-American History Month. It is celebrated all over the United States of America and Canada in the month of February, while in the United Kingdom it is celebrated in October. Each and every school and university conducts various activities to make the generation aware of the importance that African-American history holds in the nation. The electronic media is filled with themes in relevance to the occasion, and many activities are carried out across the country to remember the contribution made by African-American citizens in the development of this nation.
Black History Month was first started by a famous African-American historian Dr. Carter G. Woodson in the year 1926. February was chosen as the month to celebrate the African-American history because it was the birth month of two of the most highly valued people among African-Americans. These were President Abraham Lincoln, who freed the slaves, and Frederick Douglass, who was also the first vice presidential nominee (被任命者) among African-Americans. Initially, Black History Month was known as the “Negro History Week”. This was Dr. Woodson’s attempt to encourage awareness among citizens about the contribution of African-Americans towards the building of the nation. It was only in the early 1970’s that the name “Negro History Week” changed to “Black History Month”. And later, in the year 1976, the entire month of February was declared to be the National African-American History Month, or the Black History Month.
Every year, National African-American History Month is celebrated by many activities with various ideas and themes for the younger generation. In 2013, Black History Month celebrates the 50th anniversary of the March on Washington at which Martin Luther King, Jr. gave his famous speech “I have a dream”. It also marks the 150th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation (解放黑奴宣言). The theme for Black History Month in 2014 is “Civil Rights in America” remembering the important milestones by African-Americans and others in the battle for civil rights and equal treatment under the law.
1.What is the purpose of Black History Month in America?
A. To remember African-Americans’ contribution to America.
B. To remember the history of African-Americans in America.
C. To encourage African-American children to study hard.
D. To increase African-American children’s confidence.
2.February was chosen as Black History Month because ________.
A. Dr. Carter G. Woodson liked February.
B. slavery was officially ended in February.
C. African-Americans contributed a lot in February.
D. two great American leaders was born in February.
3.How is the second paragraph developed?
A. By giving examples.
B. By following time order.
C. By making comparisons.
D. By making classifications.
4.What does Black History Month in 2014 celebrate in America?
A. The 50th anniversary of the March of Washington.
B. Martin Luther King，Jr’s speech “I have a dream”.
C. The 150th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation.
D. Important people and occasion in the battle for civil rights.
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Black History Month is also known as the African-American History Month. It is celebrated all over the United States of America and Canada in the month of February, while in the United Kingdom it is celebrated in October. Each and every school and university conducts various activities to make the generation aware of the importance that African-American history holds in the nation. The electronic media is filled with themes in relevance to the occasion, and many activities are carried out across the country to remember the contribution made by African-American citizens in the development of this nation.
Black History Month was first started by a famous African-American historian Dr. Carter G. Woodson in the year 1926. February was chosen as the month to celebrate the African-American history because it was the birth month of two of the most highly valued people among African-Americans. These were President Abraham Lincoln, who freed the slaves, and Frederick Douglass, who was also the first vice presidential nominee (被任命者) among African-Americans. Initially, Black History Month was known as the “Negro History Week”. This was Dr. Woodson’s attempt to encourage awareness among citizens about the contribution of African-Americans towards the building of the nation. It was only in the early 1970’s that the name “Negro History Week” changed to “Black History Month”. And later, in the year 1976, the entire month of February was declared to be the National African-American History Month, or the Black History Month.
Every year, National African-American History Month is celebrated by many activities with various ideas and themes for the younger generation. In 2013, Black History Month celebrates the 50th anniversary of the March on Washington at which Martin Luther King, Jr. gave his famous speech “I have a dream”. It also marks the 150th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation (解放黑奴宣言). The theme for Black History Month in 2014 is “Civil Rights in America” remembering the important milestones by African-Americans and others in the battle for civil rights and equal treatment under the law.
1.What is the purpose of Black History Month in America?
A. To remember African-Americans’ contribution to America.
B. To remember the history of African-Americans in America.
C. To encourage African-American children to study hard.
D. To increase African-American children’s confidence.
2.February was chosen as Black History Month because ________.
A. Dr. Carter G. Woodson liked February.
B. slavery was officially ended in February.
C. African-Americans contributed a lot in February.
D. two great American leaders was born in February.
3.How is the second paragraph developed?
A. By giving examples.
B. By following time order.
C. By making comparisons.
D. By making classifications.
4.What does Black History Month in 2014 celebrate in America?
A. The 50th anniversary of the March of Washington.
B. Martin Luther King，Jr’s speech “I have a dream”.
C. The 150th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation.
D. Important people and occasion in the battle for civil rights.
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Newton is known as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses who stood at the point in history _______ magic ended and science began.
| A．that | B．when | C．where | D．which |
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Chinese kung fu, also known as wushu or Chinese martial arts, is one of the most well-known examples of traditional Chinese culture. It is 1.(probable) one of the earliest and longest 2.(last)sports which uses both muscles and brain.
The theory of kung fu is based 3.classical Chinese philosophy(哲学). Over its long history it 4.(develop) as a unique combination of exercise, practical self-defense, self-discipline, and art.
It is estimated that Chinese kung fu dates back to primitive society. At that time people used sticks 5.(fight) against wild beasts. Gradually they6.(accumulate) experience in self-defense.
Chinese kung fu is a large system of theory and practice. It combines 7.(technique) of self-defense and health-keeping.
In Chinese kung fu, however, a 8.(different) is made between “external(外家的) and “internal” kung fu. 9.is said that “In external kung fu, you exercise your tendons, bones, and skin; in internal kung fu, you train your spirit, your qi, and your mind.” And so internal kung fu can continue later in life, 10.the external body weakens.
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In South America, the rich soil of the Amazon River basin（流域）in Brazil is known as “black gold”. Scientists found that the secret of this rich soil was charcoal（木炭）. Local people made it from animal bones and tree branches. They mixed the charcoal with the soil about 1.500 years ago.
Now, scientists in the United States have done a modern demonstration. They say charcoal fertilization offers a revolutionary way to improve soil quality for hundreds or even thousands of years.
Mingxin Guo and his team at Delavare State University heated tree leaves, corn stalks（茎）, small pieces of wood and poultry waste into “biochar”（生物碳）. They reported their findings at a recent meeting of the American Chemical Society in New Orleans.
Biochar could be good news for farmers with poor soil and hungry populations to feed. Professor Guo says it could even help against global warming. Intensive（集约的） farming and overuse of chemical fertilizer give out carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Biochar does the opposite, he says. It traps carbon in the ground.
The researchers planted winter wheat in containers of soil in a greenhouse — some with biochar, some without. Professor Guo says the wheat grows much better in the pots with biochar. The soil was added two percent charcoal to. But he says even a one percent treatment will increase productivity.
The results demonstrated that biochar can increase organic matter in soil. Loss of nutrients in soil is an increasing problem worldwide as farmers try to grow more food for growing populations.
Next, the team will carry out a five-year study of biochar with spinach（菠菜）, green peppers and tomatoes.
Mingxin Guo says he learns about the “black gold” in Brazil from a magazine story. He explains that it was discovered in the jungle, in the area where waters flow to the Amazon, in the 1960’s. But it was not until recent years that scientists began to bring public attention to it.
1.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．The researchers will go on proving their theory.
B．The leading researcher learns the theory from the magazine.
C．Charcoal was discovered 1,500 years ago.
D．Common farming can produce more carbon dioxide.
2.Biochar has the following advantages EXCEPT that ________.
A．it can improve the condition of the soil
B．it can be used as a kind of energy
C．it can help against global warming
D．it can increase productivity of the corn
3.According to the research, the biochar can help against global warming because it can ________.
A．reduce the carbon dioxide
B．keep the carbon in the soil
C．reduce the loss of nutrients in the soil
D．absorb the carbon dioxide
4.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A．Using Charcoal to Make soil into “Black Gold”
B．Using Charcoal to Reduce the Carbon Dioxide
C．How Amazon River Basin Produces “Golden Black”
D．Guo’s Research on Producing Biochar
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_____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earthonce every month.
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阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Day After Thanksgiving (Friday) is known as Black Friday. This used to be unofficially or officially the start of holiday shopping season. Almost all stores come out with special early bird offers 1. (attract) consumers to their shop. People stand in line hours before the stores are opened, to grab the bargains of the year. In the last few years, we 2. (witness) a trend towards bringing those Black Friday Sales online before Friday.
In the last few years (starting from 2013 to be precise), Black Friday Sales have started before Friday—with some stores 3. (start) their Black Friday sales on Thanksgiving day or even on Wednesday and Monday. It would not be surprising to see Black Friday sale starting on Monday on the Black Friday week.
The closest reason for 4. it is known as Black Friday 5. (give) in Wikipedia. Many retailers report some of 6. (they) highest profits on Black Friday. The black portion of the name, “Black Friday” relates to businesses recording their 7. (lose) in red ink and gains in black. This tradition lives on in modern accounting software.
Deals websites like Dealsofamerica.com started to highlight “Black Friday sales” from 2003 8. then the retailers picked it up. 9. (essential), Black Friday is an Internet term. But before it, people used to regard the sales 10. “Day after Thanksgiving Sale”.
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Telecommuting (also known as working from home, or e-commuting) is a work arrangement in which the employee works outside the office, often working from home or a location close to home. 1.
Doctors, dentists, and countless other healthcare workers of the world will always need to be hands-on with patients, just as：
► 2.
► Scientists need to be in labs.
The existence of telecommuting must have its benefits and appropriate population.
More freedom.
Telecommuting allows a worker greater freedom regarding her or his work hours and work location. It gives the employee more flexibility to balance work and personal obligations.
Productivity.
Working from home can make you more productive, because you do not have the distractions (分心) of office space. 3. Sometimes you might be easily distracted by home appliances such as washing machines, or you actually need supervision from your boss to concentrate on your work.
Employees’ welfare.
Allowing workers to telecommute often makes them more productive. 4. Tele- commuters are also likely to be happier in their jobs and are therefore more likely to stay with the company. Telecommuting even saves companies money in office expenses (such as rent and stationery).
5.
Some people also find working from home to be a bit isolating, because you are not around your coworkers. Those who enjoy teamwork may lose their opportunity to bond with colleagues by teleconferencing alone. You should come up with a strategic plan if you want to ask your employer if you can telecommute.
A.Mental health issues.
B.Cooperation with workers.
C.That can benefit the company.
D.Of course, this is not necessarily true.
E.You need to find a productive place to do work.
F.Construction workers need to be on building sites.
G.However, many jobs are not suited to remote work.
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阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Tibetan antelope, also known as the Chiru, is unique to the Tibetan Plateau of China, 1. is the highest plateau in the world. The Tibetan antelopes are thin animals with four powerful legs and short tails, their bodies 2. (cover) with abundant white and light-gray hair.
The Tibetan antelopes feed mostly on grass. In winter, they dig into the snow 3. (seek) food. They are good runners and can run for several hours in cold weather conditions, so they can sometimes escape from 4. (wolf), their main predators (捕食者), easily.
The Tibetan antelopes 5. (list) in the “Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora” as endangered species with a population estimated to be 6. (little) than 35,000 and still on 7. decline.
8. (thank), effective measures have been taken by China and India to prohibit the Tibetan antelopes 9. being hunted. China has set up four nature reserves and thirty-two passages beneath the railways for the antelopes to immigrate. And both countries check the illegal trade strictly. People didn’t believe these would work at first, but now local people think they 10. (be) of great significance.
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阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Palace Museum, also known as the Forbidden City, is a much-visited and much-photographed tourist1.(attract). This Chinese palace with a history of about 600 years receives millions of visits every year and lots of TV programs have showed the place in recent years.
However, it still2.(have) secrets, and a new program3.(design) to explore those unknown areas and the stories within is set to show the palace in a new light. The variety show, Shang Xin Le Gu Gong, broadcast its first episode (一集) on Beijing TV and online streaming media site, iQyi.com, on November 9. That first episode won wide acceptance from audiences and4.(think) highly of on Douban.com. "It brings many elements (元素) together, and everything in the show is5.(perfect) matched and turns out amazing," said6.online user. "It brings me the thrill I felt when I stepped into the Palace Museum for the first time."
In each one-hour-long episode, the actors and actresses switch between playing guides and historical figures7.emperors and royal family members of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). They focus on areas8.are still not accessible to the public and the stories9.(surround) them. In the show, the actors and actresses are also joined by designers who will create10.(product) based on what they see. The most popular ones, based on an online vote, are to be turned into souvenirs for sale.