Younger adults who get either little sleep or a lot of it may see a greater expansion in their waistlines(腰围)over time, a study published suggests. Researchers found that among black and Hispanic adults younger than 40, those who typically slept for five hours or less each night had a greater accumulation of belly fat over the next five years, versus(相比于) those who averaged six or seven hours. Those who slept eight hours or more in bed each night also showed a bigger fat gain - but it was less obvious than that seen in "short sleepers."
The study, reported in the Journal Sleep, does not prove that too little or too much sleep directly leads to excess fat gain. But the findings support and extend those of other studies linking sleep duration - particularly a lack of sleep - to weight gain and even to higher risks of diabetes(糖尿病) and heart disease. Among participants younger than 40, the study found, those who said they slept for five hours or less each night gained more belly fat than those who averaged six or seven hours of sleep. On average, short sleepers showed a 32 percent gain in visceral(内脏的)fat, versus a 13 percent gain among those who slept six or seven hours per night, and a 22 percent increase among men and women who got at least eight hours of sleep each night. A similar pattern was seen with superficial abdominal(腹部)fat.
The findings, according to lead researcher Dr. Kristen G. Hairston, support the belief that sleep habits affect weight and health in general. "Sleep is an important part of your overall health - not just in whether you're tired during the day," she said.
There may be indirect effects; people who get too little sleep may be too tired during the day to exercise, while those who spend a lot of time in bed may spend less time being active, relative to people who sleep fewer hours. Research also suggests that sleep loss alters people's levels of appetite-regulating hormones(荷尔蒙)- which could, in theory, cause them to overeat. Depression, which often affects people's sleep and has been linked to weight gain, could also be a factor, Hairston noted.
1.Who may have the higher risk of being fat over the next five years?
A. Jack, a Hispanic man, aged 35, sleeps for 3 hours every night.
B. Candy, a black woman, aged 41, sleeps for about 5 hours every night.
C. Bob, an American, aged 50, sleeps for more than 12 hours every day.
D. John, a student in Africa, sleeps for more than 6 hours every week.
2.What does the study, reported in the Journal Sleep find?
A. Too little or too much sleep directly gives rise to the fat gain.
B. People are subject to heart disease due to the lack of sleep.
C. It is admitted that sleep plays an important part in our health.
D. Researchers find a longer sleep time is better for our health.
3.What does the lead researcher Dr. Kristen G. Hairston agree with?
A. People should do some exercise in their daily life.
B. There is a close link between sleep habits and health.
C. More nutrition is greatly needed when we lack sleep.
D. More and more people tend to sleep less than before.
4.What can we infer from the passage?
A. Younger adults getting little or much sleep may become fat.
B. We are supposed to do exercise as much as possible to keep fit.
C. We should keep a good sleep habit to improve our health.
D. We have to spare no efforts to drive depression away.
5.What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Sleep Habits Linked to Fat Gain in Younger Adults.
B. Doing Exercise Is the Best Way to Keep Fit.
C. Our Waistlines Can Be Driven Away Right Now.
D. Diabetes No Longer bother all of Young People.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
Younger adults who get either little sleep or a lot of it may see a greater expansion in their waistlines(腰围)over time, a study published suggests. Researchers found that among black and Hispanic adults younger than 40, those who typically slept for five hours or less each night had a greater accumulation of belly fat over the next five years, versus(相比于) those who averaged six or seven hours. Those who slept eight hours or more in bed each night also showed a bigger fat gain - but it was less obvious than that seen in "short sleepers."
The study, reported in the Journal Sleep, does not prove that too little or too much sleep directly leads to excess fat gain. But the findings support and extend those of other studies linking sleep duration - particularly a lack of sleep - to weight gain and even to higher risks of diabetes(糖尿病) and heart disease. Among participants younger than 40, the study found, those who said they slept for five hours or less each night gained more belly fat than those who averaged six or seven hours of sleep. On average, short sleepers showed a 32 percent gain in visceral(内脏的)fat, versus a 13 percent gain among those who slept six or seven hours per night, and a 22 percent increase among men and women who got at least eight hours of sleep each night. A similar pattern was seen with superficial abdominal(腹部)fat.
The findings, according to lead researcher Dr. Kristen G. Hairston, support the belief that sleep habits affect weight and health in general. "Sleep is an important part of your overall health - not just in whether you're tired during the day," she said.
There may be indirect effects; people who get too little sleep may be too tired during the day to exercise, while those who spend a lot of time in bed may spend less time being active, relative to people who sleep fewer hours. Research also suggests that sleep loss alters people's levels of appetite-regulating hormones(荷尔蒙)- which could, in theory, cause them to overeat. Depression, which often affects people's sleep and has been linked to weight gain, could also be a factor, Hairston noted.
1.Who may have the higher risk of being fat over the next five years?
A. Jack, a Hispanic man, aged 35, sleeps for 3 hours every night.
B. Candy, a black woman, aged 41, sleeps for about 5 hours every night.
C. Bob, an American, aged 50, sleeps for more than 12 hours every day.
D. John, a student in Africa, sleeps for more than 6 hours every week.
2.What does the study, reported in the Journal Sleep find?
A. Too little or too much sleep directly gives rise to the fat gain.
B. People are subject to heart disease due to the lack of sleep.
C. It is admitted that sleep plays an important part in our health.
D. Researchers find a longer sleep time is better for our health.
3.What does the lead researcher Dr. Kristen G. Hairston agree with?
A. People should do some exercise in their daily life.
B. There is a close link between sleep habits and health.
C. More nutrition is greatly needed when we lack sleep.
D. More and more people tend to sleep less than before.
4.What can we infer from the passage?
A. Younger adults getting little or much sleep may become fat.
B. We are supposed to do exercise as much as possible to keep fit.
C. We should keep a good sleep habit to improve our health.
D. We have to spare no efforts to drive depression away.
5.What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Sleep Habits Linked to Fat Gain in Younger Adults.
B. Doing Exercise Is the Best Way to Keep Fit.
C. Our Waistlines Can Be Driven Away Right Now.
D. Diabetes No Longer bother all of Young People.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
They are the little sweeties who look pretty cute in a photo,or when sleeping——but a lot less appealing at 30,000 ft,crying loudly in the seat fight next to you.
According to a new survey,almost seven in ten Britons dislike flying with babies so much that they would like to see child-free areas introduced on planes.As for long-distance flights where people want to sleep,almost one in four British travelers believes that no-kid-zones should be fixed as required sections.
The survey was conducted by bookings website LateDeals.co.uk,with 1,108 UK consumers questioned as to what they hate most about air travel.
And our dislike of noisy children and babies on planes runs deep.it seems.
More than a third of us—35 per cent—would pay extra to travel on a childless service.
Long-distance passengers would be prepared to pay an additional £63 to the cost of a return ticket if it meant adults only on board.And on short-distance flights,an extra £28 on the price of a return fare would be considered good value if it guaranteed an absence of angry babies in the middle of the economy-class aisle(走道).
However,screaming babies are not the only source of annoyance for British travellers.In fact,according to the research on the most annoying types of airline passengers,a crying baby ranks as only the fourth.Over half of those surveyed—58 percent—selected ‘drunk travellers’ as their pet peeves.People with‘bad personal hygiene(卫生)’and travellers who kick the back of the seat in front were also near the top of the list,causing anger to 48 and 47 per cent of us respectively(分别地).
Crying babies came in at fourth on the list,a pet peeve for 43 per cent of those surveyed.
1.Britons dislike flying with babies because they_________.
A.make too much noise
B.get angry easily
C.sleep right next to them
D.stay in the economy-class aisle
2.How many British travellers surveyed would like to have no-kid-zones on planes?
A.About 35%. B.About 43%.
C.About 70%. D.About 58%.
3.What kind of passengers is most disliked by British airline travellers?
A.The crying babies on a flight.
B.People with bad personal hygiene.
C.Those who have drunk too much alcohol.
D.Those who kick the back of the seat in front
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
They are the little sweeties who look pretty cute in a photo, or when sleeping—but a lot less appealing at 30, 000 ft, crying loudly in the seat right next to you.
According to a new survey, almost seven in ten Britons dislike flying with babies so much that they would like to see child-free areas introduced on planes. As for long-distance flights where people want to sleep, almost one in four British travelers believes that no-kid-zones should be fixed as required sections.
The survey was conducted by bookings website LateDeals.co.uk, with 1,108 UK consumers questioned as to what they hate most about air travel.
And our dislike of noisy children and babies on planes runs deep, it seems.
More than a third of us—35 percent—would pay extra to travel on a childless service.
Long-distance passengers would be prepared to pay an additional £63 to the cost of a return ticket if it meant adults only on board. And on short-distance flights, an extra £28 on the price of a return fare would be considered good value if it guaranteed an absence of angry babies in the middle of the economy-class aisle(走道).
However, screaming babies are not the only source of annoyance for British travelers. In fact, according to the research on the most annoying types of airline passengers, a crying baby ranks as only the fourth. Over half of those surveyed—58 percent—selected “drunk travelers” as their pet peeves. People with “bad personal hygiene(卫生)” and travelers who kick the back of the seat in front were also near the top of the list, causing anger to 48 and 47 percent of us respectively(分别地).
Crying babies came in at fourth on the list, a pet peeve for 43 percent of those surveyed.
1.Britons dislike flying with babies because they_________.
A. make too much noise
B. get angry easily
C. sleep right next to them
D. stay in the economy-class aisle
2.How many British travelers surveyed would like to have no-kid-zones on planes?
A. About 35%. B. About 43%.
C. About 70%. D. About 58%.
3.What type of writing is this text?
A. A brochure. B. A tourist guide.
C. An announcement. D. A news report.
4.What does the underlined phrase “pet peeves” in the last fourth line mean?
A. Pets on a plane.
B. Passengers with a baby.
C. People who annoy you.
D. People who were surveyed.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
On Saturday nights, A.J.Coston doesn’t get a lot of sleep. Usually three or four times a night, a loud bell rings, a red light flashes, and he has to jump out of his bed. That’s because he’s a weekend volunteer firefighter(消防员)with Loudoun County Fire and Rescue Station 13 in Northern Virginia. During the week, he lives at home with his mom, dad and sister and does his main job which is going to high school.
“I have always wanted to get into firefighting since I was a little kid watching fire trucks go by,” he says. “One day on the Internet I noticed that Loudoun County offered a junior firefighter program.” He was only 16, but he got it.
Fighting fires is dangerous work. Firefighters never stop practicing the skills they need to stay safe. Once Coston learned those skills, he was allowed to work inside burning buildings.
“Teamwork is most important,” he says. “It’s the whole team that puts the fire out.”
Firefighters feel great about helping people. “My most unbelievable call was probably the time four kids were struck by lightning,” says Coston. He will be off to college next fall, building on his dream job. “I’ll get my degree in emergency(紧急情况) medical care. and then work in a fire and rescue company for a while. I want to be a flight doctor on a helicopter in the end, but I will never forget the days as a firefighter. These are my unforgettable experiences,” he says.
1. Coston can’t sleep well on Saturday nights because _____.
A. he has to work part-time at weekends
B. he has some sleeping problems
C. he has to do his job as a volunteer firefighter
D. he always worries that there may be a fire
2.What do we learn about Coston from the passage?
A. He doesn’t like studying at school. B. He will go to college next year.
C. He dreams to be a great hero one day. D. He is only sixteen years old.
3.In Coston’s opinion, what is the key thing in putting out a fire?
A. Skills. B. Teamwork. C. Courage. D. Equipment.
4.All of the following are true EXPECT that _____.
A. Coston wanted to be a firefighter when he was a kid
B. Coston tried several times before he became a volunteer firefighter
C. firefighters feel proud that they can help people
D. firefighters have to practice skills all the time to stay safe
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
There is a growing number of kidults---or adults who wear the mask of maturity but prefer to pander(迎合) to their inner child.
They feel ill equipped for parenthood, because they don’t see what values or lessons they could honestly pass on to their young, besides self-centeredness and a passion for the good things in life. They are trying to live by not acting their age.
As Ms Jane put it in her letter: I’m married, in my late 20s and enjoy a lifestyle other married graduate couples enjoy: winning and dining, tasteful clothes, travel and a career. Why give up all these for a baby?
It is reported that when asked whether they were adults, most people in their 20s answered they were not sure. This reflected a global economy in which people chased more papers to get better jobs that would comfortably support middle class living.
Being a kidult is not all about being selfish, though. With the untold uncertainties of war, fluctuating(波动)markets, disease and terrorism, many see this world as a poor place to live in—let alone bring kids up in. This seems especially so in urban living. All anyone wants after a long, hard day at work is some peace and quiet.
My classmate, Jenny, mused(沉思)recently how our friends living in small Malaysian towns were onto their second or third kids. Maybe they just loved having children around. Or maybe, in their own way, they wanted to leave the world a better place than they found it.
That’s how you, I and everyone know we have the chance to breathe air, touch grass and see sky. I think out parents understand that just being alive is an experience worth passing on.
1.What is a kidult in the writer’s opinion?
A. A person who doesn’t have a child
B. An adult who actually has a psychology of a child
C. A child who doesn’t want to grow up
D. A person who doesn’t know that what values he has
2.What does the underlined word “paper” in Para. 4 mean?
A. money
B. reputation
C.qualification
D. power
3.The author explains the kidult phenomenon by ________.
A. presenting research findings
B. making comparison
C. showing her own experience
D. using examples
4.We can learn from the text that kidults________.
A. know little what they can pass on to their children
B. are sure of their abilities for good life
C. living in urban can enjoy more peace
D. living in small towns know well what they’re living for
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
It's not just adults who have a thing or two to discuss with other people, babies too have their own social lives and enjoy group interaction, according to a world-first study.
The breakthrough study conducted by psychologist Professor Ben Bradley, at Charles Sturt University, could completely transform the way child-care centers are set up. In their study, the researchers examined groups of nine-month-old babies in new South Wales and Britain.
And they came across astonishing results—it was found that infants had “social brains” and focused not just on their mothers but on social 1ife in groups as well,
“They communicate with more than one baby at once,and show jealousy and generousness,”said Professor Bradley.
He added,“They develop their own meanings through group interaction,they notice if a group member is behaving differently and they take on roles,such as leaders and followers.”
“A baby who has a depressed mother tends to be withdrawn(内向的),but put that same baby in a group of its peers(同龄人)and they behave and interact like any other baby.”
It was the first all-baby group study ever to be conducted.“Most studies of babies concentrate on the infant-mother relationship,assuming that is the single foundation for mental health.but babies are constantly involved with groups of people other than their mothers:fathers,siblings,grandparents and those taking care.Therefore。the ‘mother-baby approach’ needs to be combined with a‘ group approach’.”said Bradley.
Phoebe Christison ,a child-care worker at Camperdown Sunshine Bubs in Sydney’s inner west.said she often noticed what appeared.to be emotional attachments developed between toddlers.
She said,“Joel(10 months)and Isabella (11months)always like to hold hands when they sit in their high chairs and eat.And babies definitely show jealousy.They push and touch each other,and copy what the other is doing.”
1.A baby who has a depressed mother ____ .
A.tends to be a follower
B.also enjoys group interaction
C.has poor social ability
D.pays more attention to its mother
2.What can be inferred from the result of this study?
A.Babies are affected by groups more than by their mothers.
B.There’s no need of child-care centers at a11.
C. Adults should include babies when having social activities.
D.The normal infant-mother bond alone isn’t enough for the good mental health for babies.
3.The underlined word “toddlers” in Para.8 can be replaced by_________
A.adults B.infants C.peers D.groups
4.The example given in the last paragraph proves that a baby________ .
A.is born to be friendly to other babies
B.has interest in peers as well as in its mother
C.may have emotional attachments to another baby
D.shows jealousy and generousness as an adult
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
More than half of parents in the United States are helping , or have helped their adult children who have been hit by high unemployment and stagnant(无变化的)wages, according to a new survey. It showed that present economic conditions are discouraging young adults from leaving home and forcing those who have already gone, so - called boomerang children, to return.
“Parents are continuing their financial involvement longer than we expected,” said Ted Beck, the president and CEO of National Endowment for Financial Education (NEFE).
About 60 percent of parents questioned in the survey said they are helping their adult children who are no longer in school financially, providing housing and living expenses.
For an increasing number of adult children, the situation is bad. Two - thirds of adult children, aged 18 to 39, who are not in school said they faced tougher financial pressures than previous generations, according to the survey. And nearly one - third of parents agreed that it was easier for them to earn money than for their children.
Parents are helping their children out of genuine concern, and because they do not want to see them struggle. But Beck said that parents who make sacrifices to help their adult children should be cautious about their own finances.
“If you are taking on extra debt or delaying retirement to help your adult child, you could be making a mistake and putting your own financial future in danger.” Beck warned.
Boomerang children can also cause other problems for their parents. Thirty percent of parents said they had given up privacy since their adult children moved back home, while more than a quarter have taken on added debt, and ten percent have delayed retirement. But the survey also showed that 42 percent of adult children living at home are helping with the cooking and cleaning.
1.The underlined words “boomerang children” in the first paragraph likely means ________.
A. adult children visiting parents often
B. married adult children
C. adult children depending on parents for financial support
D. adult children independent and successful in life
2.What is Ted Beck’s suggestion to the parents?
A. Asking their children to help with the housework.
B. Leaving their children to struggle to live.
C. Being careful when helping their children financially.
D. Putting off their time of retirement.
3.According to the survey, we can know that ________.
A. about 50% of parents give money to their adult children to cover the daily cost
B. two - thirds of adult children are faced with financial problems in school
C. one - third of adult children earn money more easily than their parents
D. one in ten parents has delayed retirement
4.What is the main idea of the whole text?
A. Adult children are less independent.
B. Parents help support adult children.
C. Bad conditions affect children a lot.
D. Adult children like living with parents.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
For many of us, a little time with our smartphones or iPads before sleep is the highlight of the night. But would you still think it is relaxing if you knew that it damages or destroys your sleep? Scientists say that's exactly what it does.
In ancient times, when there were no lamps, telephones or smartphones, the sun was the main source of light. When the sun went down, our brains took that as a signal to start producing melatonin(褪黑素), a chemical that helps us sleep.
However, a healthy amount of melatonin can only be produced in complete darkness.Any light in your bedroom—even the one on the alarm clock or the charging indicator on your cellphone—could disturb the process, not to mention something as bright as smartphone and iPad screens. We tend to hold these much closer than a television or laptop, which allows them to shoot far more light straight into our eyes.
“This is particularly worrisome in populations such as young adults and adolescents, who already tend to be night_owls,” said researcher Brittany Wood at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.“Lack of sleep among teens is leading to depression, selfharm, low concentration and poor performance at school,” she added.
While all lights are the enemy of sleep, not all colors of light have the same effect. Our eyes are particularly sensitive to blue light, which is common during the day. Most of the light coming from electronic screens is blue light and it fools our brain into thinking it's still daytime. By contrast, orange or red light has less influence on melatonin production, because our brains recognize it as a signal that the day is ending, according to The Telegraph.
Asking yourself to keep your hands off your smartphone before bedtime might seem unreasonable, but you should at least remember to dim the screen or hold it farther away from your eyes. You could also wear a pair of orange sunglasses that take away the harmful blue light.
1.According to the passage, we can know ________.
A.it's a good habit to play with smartphones or iPads late into night
B.scientists suggest we should avoid using smartphones or iPads
C.darkness makes a great impact on the amount of melatonin
D.the sun was the only source of light in ancient times
the sun was the main source of light.”可知D项为错误结论。
2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.The darker it is, the more melatonin will be produced.
B.The lighter it is, the more melatonin will be produced.
C.The more melatonin you have, the worse you'll sleep.
D.The more electrical equipment you have, the more melatonin will be produced.
3.The underlined part in Paragraph 4 refers to those ________.
A.who are young adults or adolescents
B.who don't perform well in school
C.who are addicted to a television or laptop
D.who are short of sleep at night and perform poorly in daily life
4.In the writer's opinion, which is a correct suggestion?
A.You should go to bed when the sun goes down.
B.You should use an orange or red light electronic screen.
C.You should wear a pair of blue sunglasses when sleeping.
D.You should avoid blue light as possible as you can before bedtime.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
For many of us, a little time with our smartphones or iPads before sleep is the highlight of the night. But would you still think it is relaxing if you knew that it damages or destroys your sleep? Scientists say that's exactly what it does.
In ancient times, when there were no lamps, telephones or smartphones, the sun was the main source of light. When the sun went down, our brains took that as a signal to start producing melatonin(褪黑素), a chemical that helps us sleep.
However, a healthy amount of melatonin can only be produced in complete darkness.Any light in your bedroom—even the one on the alarm clock or the charging indicator on your cellphone—could disturb the process, not to mention something as bright as smartphone and iPad screens. We tend to hold these much closer than a television or laptop, which allows them to shoot far more light straight into our eyes.
“This is particularly worrisome in populations such as young adults and adolescents, who already tend to be night_owls,” said researcher Brittany Wood at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.“Lack of sleep among teens is leading to depression, selfharm, low concentration and poor performance at school,” she added.
While all lights are the enemy of sleep, not all colors of light have the same effect. Our eyes are particularly sensitive to blue light, which is common during the day. Most of the light coming from electronic screens is blue light and it fools our brain into thinking it's still daytime. By contrast, orange or red light has less influence on melatonin production, because our brains recognize it as a signal that the day is ending, according to The Telegraph.
Asking yourself to keep your hands off your smartphone before bedtime might seem unreasonable, but you should at least remember to dim the screen or hold it farther away from your eyes. You could also wear a pair of orange sunglasses that take away the harmful blue light.
1.According to the passage, we can know ________.
A.it's a good habit to play with smartphones or iPads late into night
B.scientists suggest we should avoid using smartphones or iPads
C.darkness makes a great impact on the amount of melatonin
D.the sun was the only source of light in ancient times
2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.The darker it is, the more melatonin will be produced.
B.The lighter it is, the more melatonin will be produced.
C.The more melatonin you have, the worse you'll sleep.
D.The more electrical equipment you have, the more melatonin will be produced.
3.The underlined part in Paragraph 4 refers to those ________.
A.who are young adults or adolescents
B.who don't perform well in school
C.who are addicted to a television or laptop
D.who are short of sleep at night and perform poorly in daily life
4.In the writer's opinion, which is a correct suggestion?
A.You should go to bed when the sun goes down.
B.You should use an orange or red light electronic screen.
C.You should wear a pair of blue sunglasses when sleeping.
D.You should avoid blue light as possible as you can before bedtime.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
People who get less than six hours of sleep per night have an increased _____ of dying early.
A.custom B.practice C.disadvantage D.risk
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析