书面表达
Human Flesh Search—thousands of individuals working to find and make public someone’s personal information, mostly online—will be ruled as leaking personal data, which is against the law, according to China’s top court.
Internet users or network service providers who leak people’s personal information such as phone numbers, addresses, and clinical data will have to hold legal responsibility.
Network service providers will also be held responsible if they are aware that their users have violated others’ rights but have failed to take action.
The decision comes after years of arguments over whether it’s right for the public to try those who behave wrongly.
On the one hand, cyber hunting does have its positive influences. Some public officials have been removed from their positions after human flesh searches led to corruption investigations. During disasters like the Sichuan earthquake in 2008, the search method also helped many people to find their loved ones.
But many think that online cyber hunting is creating a threat to privacy. “People’s ‘unusually high enthusiasm’ makes the human flesh search engine phenomenon unique,” Xujun Eberlein, a Chinese American author and commentator, told Forbes. “Participants often ‘reach out their hands’ thoughtlessly, violating people’s rights instead of being righteous(正直).”
【写作内容】
1. 以约30个词概括短文大意；
2. 以约120个词就“Human Flesh Search（人肉搜索）”这一主题谈谈你的看法，内容包括：
1）你是否赞同文章提及的“禁止人肉搜索”的法案，请说明你的理由；
2）“网络时代，个人隐私如何才能得到保障？”请就此问题，提出你的建议（至少两点）。
【写作要求】
1. 可以参照阅读材料内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
高三英语书面表达中等难度题
书面表达
Human Flesh Search—thousands of individuals working to find and make public someone’s personal information, mostly online—will be ruled as leaking personal data, which is against the law, according to China’s top court.
Internet users or network service providers who leak people’s personal information such as phone numbers, addresses, and clinical data will have to hold legal responsibility.
Network service providers will also be held responsible if they are aware that their users have violated others’ rights but have failed to take action.
The decision comes after years of arguments over whether it’s right for the public to try those who behave wrongly.
On the one hand, cyber hunting does have its positive influences. Some public officials have been removed from their positions after human flesh searches led to corruption investigations. During disasters like the Sichuan earthquake in 2008, the search method also helped many people to find their loved ones.
But many think that online cyber hunting is creating a threat to privacy. “People’s ‘unusually high enthusiasm’ makes the human flesh search engine phenomenon unique,” Xujun Eberlein, a Chinese American author and commentator, told Forbes. “Participants often ‘reach out their hands’ thoughtlessly, violating people’s rights instead of being righteous(正直).”
【写作内容】
1. 以约30个词概括短文大意；
2. 以约120个词就“Human Flesh Search（人肉搜索）”这一主题谈谈你的看法，内容包括：
1）你是否赞同文章提及的“禁止人肉搜索”的法案，请说明你的理由；
2）“网络时代，个人隐私如何才能得到保障？”请就此问题，提出你的建议（至少两点）。
【写作要求】
1. 可以参照阅读材料内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
高三英语书面表达中等难度题查看答案及解析
To err is human. Society is suffering from an inability to acknowledge as much.
For individuals, errors are painful. The trick, then, is to err well: to recognize mistakes and learn from them. Worryingly, humanity may be getting worse at admitting its mistakes.
Few enjoy the feeling of being caught out in an error. But real trouble starts when the desire to avoid a punishment leads to a refusal to deal with contrary evidence. Economists often assume that people are sensible. When faced with a new fact, these people should update their view of the world to take better decisions in future. Yet years of economic research confirms that people frequently disregard information that conflicts with their view of the world.
Why should that be? Last year Roland Benabou, of Princeton, presented a framework for thinking about the problem. In many ways, beliefs are like other economic goods. People spend time and resources building them, and get value from them: some beliefs make owners feel good and show their public identity; other beliefs provide value by shaping behavior—for example, religious asceticism(禁欲主义) can help one avoid unhealthy habits.
Because beliefs, however, are not simply tools for making good decisions, but are treasured in their own right, new information that challenges them is unwelcome. People often engage in “motivated reasoning” to manage such challenges. Mr Benabou classifies this into three categories. “Strategic ignorance” is when a believer avoids information offering conflicting evidence. In “reality denial”， troubling evidence is rationalized(合理化)：real estate investors might make up fanciful theories for why prices should behave unusually, and supporters of a disgraced politician might claim the negative news to be fake. And lastly, in “selfsignalling”， the believer creates his own tools to interpret the facts in the way he wants: an unhealthy person, for example, might decide that going for a daily run proves he is well.
“Motivated reasoning” is a cognitive bias(偏见). Not all the errors it leads to are costly: praising the performance of one's supported football team despite contradictory evidence does little harm. But when biases are broadly shared—within financial world or political parties—danger arises. Motivated reasoning helps explain why viewpoints polarize (两极分化) even as information is more easily available than ever before.
Work by Mr Benabou suggests that groupthink is highest when people within groups face a shared fate: when choosing to break from a group is unlikely to spare an individual the costs of the group's errors or bring much individual benefit. The incentive(动力) to engage in motivated reasoning is high as a result. Even as the fact on a particular issue is obvious, parties can still become increasingly polarized. That, in turn, can make it harder still for a member of one party to get any benefit from breaking from a group. Indeed, the group has an incentive to silence independent voices.
Public statements of regret are risky in a rigidly polarized world. Admissions of error can not only annoy partners but also provide opportunities for opponents. But it is rarely in the interest of those in the right to pretend that they are never wrong.
1.According to the passage, beliefs are similar to economic goods in that ________．
A.both are entertaining and valuable B.both can be shaped by religious faith
C.both can reflect who the owners are D.both promote religious development
2.Which of the following is an example of “selfsignalling”？
A.A fan speaks highly of his team although it has just lost the game.
B.A man covers his ears when stealing a bell, believing the bell won't ring.
C.Supporters of Trump believe the news about his affairs with a lady is fake.
D.Suspected AIDS carriers refuse to be tested though it can be done for free.
3.What can be inferred from Paragraphs 6 and 7?
A.Polarization causes individuals to break from the group.
B.Richer sources of information decrease motivated reasoning.
C.Individuals with independent voices are dismissed from the group.
D.Individuals in a group engage in motivated reasoning for their own interests.
4.Which of the following opinions might the author agree with?
A.Denying errors is unavoidable.
B.Failure to admit errors is harmful.
C.Humans are getting better at erring well.
D.Wise people ignore contrary worldviews.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
To err is human. Society is suffering from an inability to acknowledge as much.
For individuals, errors are painful. The trick, then, is to err well: to recognize mistakes and learn from them. Worryingly, humanity may be getting worse at admitting its mistakes.
Few enjoy the feeling of being caught out in an error. But real trouble starts when the desire to avoid a punishment leads to a refusal to deal with contrary evidence. Economists often assume that people are sensible. When faced with a new fact, these people should update their view of the world to take better decisions in future. Yet years of economic research confirms that people frequently disregard information that conflicts with their view of the world.
Why should that be? Last year Roland Benabou, of Princeton, presented a framework for thinking about the problem. In many ways, beliefs are like other economic goods. People spend time and resources building them, and get value from them: some beliefs make owners feel good and show their public identity; other beliefs provide value by shaping behavior—for example, religious asceticism(禁欲主义) can help one avoid unhealthy habits.
Because beliefs, however, are not simply tools for making good decisions, but are treasured in their own right, new information that challenges them is unwelcome. People often engage in “motivated reasoning” to manage such challenges. Mr Benabou classifies this into three categories. “Strategic ignorance” is when a believer avoids information offering conflicting evidence. In “reality denial”， troubling evidence is rationalized(合理化)：real estate investors might make up fanciful theories for why prices should behave unusually, and supporters of a disgraced politician might claim the negative news to be fake. And lastly, in “selfsignalling”， the believer creates his own tools to interpret the facts in the way he wants: an unhealthy person, for example, might decide that going for a daily run proves he is well.
“Motivated reasoning” is a cognitive bias(偏见). Not all the errors it leads to are costly: praising the performance of one's supported football team despite contradictory evidence does little harm. But when biases are broadly shared—within financial world or political parties—danger arises. Motivated reasoning helps explain why viewpoints polarize (两极分化) even as information is more easily available than ever before.
Work by Mr Benabou suggests that groupthink is highest when people within groups face a shared fate: when choosing to break from a group is unlikely to spare an individual the costs of the group's errors or bring much individual benefit. The incentive(动力) to engage in motivated reasoning is high as a result. Even as the fact on a particular issue is obvious, parties can still become increasingly polarized. That, in turn, can make it harder still for a member of one party to get any benefit from breaking from a group. Indeed, the group has an incentive to silence independent voices.
Public statements of regret are risky in a rigidly polarized world. Admissions of error can not only annoy partners but also provide opportunities for opponents. But it is rarely in the interest of those in the right to pretend that they are never wrong.
1.According to the passage, beliefs are similar to economic goods in that ________．
A. both are entertaining and valuable B. both can be shaped by religious faith
C. both can reflect who the owners are D. both promote religious development
2.Which of the following is an example of “selfsignalling”？
A. A fan speaks highly of his team although it has just lost the game.
B. A man covers his ears when stealing a bell, believing the bell won't ring.
C. Supporters of Trump believe the news about his affairs with a lady is fake.
D. Suspected AIDS carriers refuse to be tested though it can be done for free.
3.What can be inferred from Paragraphs 6 and 7?
A. Polarization causes individuals to break from the group.
B. Richer sources of information decrease motivated reasoning.
C. Individuals with independent voices are dismissed from the group.
D. Individuals in a group engage in motivated reasoning for their own interests.
4.Which of the following opinions might the author agree with?
A. Denying errors is unavoidable.
B. Failure to admit errors is harmful.
C. Humans are getting better at erring well.
D. Wise people ignore contrary worldviews.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
The Beijing government has set out to recruit thousands of university graduates to work as junior officials in rural areas to both improve rural administration and ease the city's employment problems．
The government plans to recruit 3,000 university graduates this year, 1,000 more than last year, to work as assistants to village heads or Party secretaries in suburban areas．
People interested in jobs in Beijing's rural villages and townships can submit applications to the Beijing Municipal Personnel Bureau or online at www．Bjbys．com from February 1 through March 15．
"We hope university graduates will seize this opportunity to use their knowledge in rural villages and to start their careers," Sun Zhenyu, deputy director of Beijing Personnel Bureau, told Xinhua News Agency．
The government has promised successful candidates a monthly salary of 2,000 yuan （ $ 250） in the first year, 2,500 yuan （$ 320） the second year and 3,000 yuan （$ 385） the third year, provided their performance is up to the required standards．Sun said．
Wang Lina, who graduated from Beijing Union University last year, was one of the first graduates to find work in the city's countryside After majoring in industrial and commercial administration, Wang served as the assistant to the village head of Ertiaojie Village in suburban Besjing's Pinggu District．For one project, Wang contacted people at the BeijingAcadeny of Agricnitural Sciences and arranged for the local farmers to receive training in strawberry planting．Her efforts paid off．The village had a plentiful harvest of organic strawberries earlier this year．
Nationwide, about 150,000 university graduates found employment in rural areas last year, according to figures provided by the Ministry of Education．
The ministry predicts that 4．95 million students will graduate from universities across the country this year, 820,000 more than last year．About 1．4 million of them are unlikely to find jobs when they graduate．
In Beijing, a record 200,000 people are expected to graduate from university this year． Less than half of them are expected to be offered jobs, according to the personnel bureau．
1.The underlined word "recruit" in the first paragraph probably means___．
A．employ B．force C．encourage D．train
2.We can see from the passage that____．
A．once you are hired as a junior official, you can get an endlessly rising salary
B．the government guarantee a gradually high salary for the successful candidates
C．working as junior officials is easy but very meaningful
D．the competition for the job as junior officials is very fierce
3.From the story of Wang Lina we can learn that.
A．the sooner you go to the countryside, the sooner you will be successful
B．local fanners can get big harvests if they team more knowledge
C．university graduates can also realize their value in rural areas
D．Wang had great difficulty in helping villagers planting organic strawberries
4.The last two paragraphs aim to tell us that.
A．more and more graduates will work．as junior officials
B．the universities should not have so many students
C．there are more and more graduates in recent years
D．it is not easy for graduates to find jobs nowadays
5.Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?
A．What is the best career?
B．Graduates go to the countryside．
C．Job hunting for university graduates．
D．A good choice for university graduates．
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The Beijing government has set out to recruit thousands of university graduates to work as junior officials in rural areas to both improve rural administration and ease the city’s employment problems.
The government plans to recruit 3,000 university graduates this year,1,000 more than last year, to work as assistants to village heads or Party secretaries in suburban areas.
People interested in jobs in Beijing’s rural villages and townships can submit applications to the Beijing Municipal Personnel Bureau or online at www. Bjbys. com from February 1 through March 15.
“We hope university graduates will seize this opportunity to use their knowledge in rural villages and to start their careers,” Sun Zhenyu, deputy director of Beijing Personnel Bureau, told Xinhua News Agency.
The government has promised successful candidates a monthly salary of 2,000 yuan
( $ 250) in the first year, 2,500 yuan ($ 320) the second year and 3,000 yuan ($ 385) the third year, provided their performance is up to the required standards, Sun said.
Wang Lina, who graduated from Beijing Union University last year, was one of the first graduates to find work in the city's countryside. After majoring in industrial and commercial administration, Wang served as the assistant to the village head of Ertiaojie Village in suburban Beijing's Pinggu District. For one project, Wang contacted people at the Beijing Academy of Agricultural Sciences and arranged for the local farmers to receive training in strawberry planting. Her efforts paid off. The village had a plentiful harvest of organic strawberries earlier this year.
Nationwide, about 150,000 university graduates found employment in rural areas last year, according to figures provided by the Ministry of Education.
The ministry predicts that 4. 95 million students will graduate from universities across the country this year, 820,000 more than last year. About 1.4 million of them are unlikely to find jobs when they graduate.
In Beijing, a record 200,000 people are expected to graduate from university this year. Less than half of them are expected to be offered jobs, according to the personnel bureau.
1.The underlined word “recruit” in the first paragraph probably means______.
A．employ B．force C．encourage D．train
2.We can see from the passage that______.
A．once you are hired as a junior official, you can get an endlessly rising salary
B．the government guarantee a gradually high salary for the successful candidates
C．working as junior officials is easy but very meaningful
D．the competition for the job as junior officials is very fierce
3.From the story of Wang Lina we can learn that______.
A．the sooner you go to the countryside, the sooner you will be successful
B．local farmers can get big harvests if they learn more knowledge
C．university graduates can also realize their value in rural areas
D．Wang had great difficulty in helping villagers planting organic strawberries
4.The last two paragraphs aim to tell us that______.
A．more and more graduates will work as junior officials
B．the universities should not have so many students
C．there are more and more graduates in recent years
D．it is not easy for graduates to find jobs nowadays
5.Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?
A．What is the best career?
B．Graduates go to the countryside.
C．Job hunting for university graduates.
D．A good choice for university graduates.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Every summer, hundreds of thousands of students travel to other countries looking for work and adventure. Most of the opportunities are in 1 work. The pay is usually poor, but most people work 2 for the thrill of travel. You can pick grapes in France, entertain kids on American summer camps, and, of course, there are always 3 in hotels and restaurants.
But it is not as easy as it used to be to find work. Unless you speak the language of the country well, there will be very 4openings. For example, when you arrive to wash dishes in a restaurant in Paris, the owner will 5 you to speak French. British students only have a language 6 for jobs in the USA and Australia.
Not every one 7 the experience. Sarah James was once responsible for forty American children in Europe. During the 8, one child lost his passport; four children were lost in Madrid for a whole day; the whole group was thrown out of one hotel because of the 9 they made. Sarah says, “It really was a 24-hour-a-day job since the kids never 10! And the pay was awful. It wasn’t worth it.”
The trouble is that 11 expect to have an easy time of it. After all, they see it as a 12. In practice, though, they have to work hard. At the same time, all vacation work is casual work, and jobs are 13 only when the hotel, the restaurant, or the campsite is busy. But students have few employment 14. As soon as the holiday season finishes, companies will get rid of them. And if their employer doesn’t like them, they’ll be 15, too.
1. A．seasonal B．mental C．professional D．formal
2. A．hard B．voluntarily C．abroad D．continuously
3. A．jobs B．visitors C．customers D．parties
4. A．good B．new C．attractive D．few
5. A．teach B．expect C．allow D．forbid
6. A．program B．lesson C．advantage D．exam
7. A．has B．enjoys C．forgets D．remembers
8. A．trip B．flight C．discussion D．ceremony
9. A．promise B．progress C．complaint D．noise
10. A．cried B．studied C．slept D．helped
11. A．children B．students C．employers D．parents
12. A．job B．lesson C．holiday D．shame
13. A．countless B．available C．interesting D．boring
14. A．experiences B．rules C．plans D．rights
15. A．dismissed B．charged C．fined D．punished
高三英语完型填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
BEIJING---The Beijing government has set out to recruit thousands of university graduates to work as junior officials in rural areas to both improve rural administration and ease the city's employment problems.
The government plans to recruit 3,000 university graduates this year, 1,000 more than last year, to work as assistants to village heads or Party secretaries in suburban areas.
People interested in jobs in Beijing's rural villages and townships can submit applications to the Beijing Municipal Personnel Bureau or online at www. bjbys, com from February 1 through March 15.
"We hope university graduates will seize this opportunity to use their knowledge in rural villages and to start their careers," Sun Zhenyu, deputy director of Beijing Personnel Bureau, told Xinhua News Agency.
The government has promised successful candidates a monthly salary of 2,000 yuan( $ 250) in the first year, 2,500 yuan ($ 320) the second year and 3,000 yuan ($ 385) the third year, provided their performance is up to the required standards, Sun said.
Wang Lina, who graduated from Beijing Union University last year, was one of the first graduates to find work in the city's countryside. After majoring in industrial and commercial administration, Wang served as the assistant to the village head of Ertiaojie Village in suburban Beijing’s Pinggu District. For one project, Wang contacted people at the Beijing Academy of Agricultural Sciences and arranged for the local farmers to receive training in strawberry planting. Her efforts paid off. The village had a plentiful harvest of organic strawberries earlier this year.
Nationwide, about 150,000 university graduates found employment in rural areas last year, according to figures provided by the Ministry of Education.
The ministry predicts that 4．95 million students will graduate from universities across the country this year, 820,000 more than last year. About 1.4 million of them are unlikely to find jobs when they graduate.
In Beijing, a record 200,000 people are expected to graduate from university this year. Less than half of them are expected to be offered jobs, according to the personnel bureau.
1.The underlined word "recruit "in the first paragraph probably means_____________.
A．force B． employ C．encourage D．train
2.From the story of Wang Lina we can learn that________________.
A．the sooner you go to the countryside, the sooner you will be successful.
B．local farmers can get big harvests if they learn more knowledge.
C．university graduates can also realize their value in rural areas.
D．Wang had great difficulty in helping villagers planting organic strawberries.
3.The last two paragraphs aim to tell us that________________.
A．more and more graduates will work as junior officials
B．the universities should not have so many students
C．there are more and more graduates in recent years
D．it is not easy for graduates to find jobs nowadays
4. Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?
A．Job hunting for university graduates.
B．Go to the countryside.
C．What is the best career?
D．A good choice for university graduates.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Our special thanks go to thousands of volunteers, without ________ tireless work, none of this would be possible.
高三英语其他题中等难度题查看答案及解析
Our special thanks go to thousands of volunteers, without ________tireless work, none of this would be possible．
A．whose B．which C．whom D．that
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Our special thanks to go thousands of volunteers, without ____tireless work, none of this would be possible.
A. which B. whom C. whose D. that
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析