Over their lifetimes, city trees will likely absorb less CO2 from the air than forest trees. A new study finds that city trees grow faster and die younger than trees in forests. Studies have shown forests readily absorb CO2. But there haven’t been much data on whether city trees grow, die and absorb CO2 at the same rate that forest trees do. So Lucy Hutyra, an environmental scientist, and her colleagues at Boston University in Massachusetts decided to find it out.
To figure out how quickly trees were growing the researchers tracked their diameters (直径) of their trunks from 2005 to 2014. The team focused on red oaks and red maples growing on Boston streets. These grew four times faster than the same species did in a nearby forest. Faster -growing trees absorb more CO2. Over the nine years the researchers have tracked these trees and found city trees absorbed four times as much carbon from the air as the forest trees did. The city trees also, however, were twice as likely to die.
City trees grow faster because they have less competition with their neighbors for light. In a forest, trees tend to grow close together, shading their neighbors. So few may get as much light as they want.
“Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮气) in rainwater. Nitrogen is an element that helps plants grow. It’s also an ingredient (成分) of the. gas-burning cars’ exhausts. Some street trees also may have better access to water than trees in the country. That’s because the underground water pipes can leak,” says Hutyra.
Shaun Watmough, an environmental scientist, says it’s important to keep in mind that people plant city trees along city streets not just to absorb carbon. The trees also help clean the air, provide shade and make a city more beautiful even if it’s only for decades, not centuries.
1.What does the new research find?
A.City trees have larger economic value than forest trees.
B.Forest trees grow in a faster speed than city trees.
C.Forest trees are equal to city trees in number.
D.City trees have a shorter life than forest trees.
2.How did researchers know the growth rate of trees?
A.They exposed trees to strong sunshine.
B.They kept a record of the width of trees’ bodies.
C.They produced large amounts of car gases to trees.
D.They made trees compete for light against each other.
3.What can we infer about forest trees from the text?
A.They absorb more CO2
B.They have stronger roots.
C.They have more competitors than city trees.
D.They live in a nitrogen-enriched environment.
4.What is Shaun Watmough’s attitude towards planting city trees?
A.Approving. B.Doubtful.
C.Uncertain. D.Pessimistic.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
Over their lifetimes, city trees will likely absorb less CO2 from the air than forest trees. A new study finds that city trees grow faster and die younger than trees in forests. Studies have shown forests readily absorb CO2. But there haven’t been much data on whether city trees grow, die and absorb CO2 at the same rate that forest trees do. So Lucy Hutyra, an environmental scientist, and her colleagues at Boston University in Massachusetts decided to find it out.
To figure out how quickly trees were growing the researchers tracked their diameters (直径) of their trunks from 2005 to 2014. The team focused on red oaks and red maples growing on Boston streets. These grew four times faster than the same species did in a nearby forest. Faster -growing trees absorb more CO2. Over the nine years the researchers have tracked these trees and found city trees absorbed four times as much carbon from the air as the forest trees did. The city trees also, however, were twice as likely to die.
City trees grow faster because they have less competition with their neighbors for light. In a forest, trees tend to grow close together, shading their neighbors. So few may get as much light as they want.
“Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮气) in rainwater. Nitrogen is an element that helps plants grow. It’s also an ingredient (成分) of the. gas-burning cars’ exhausts. Some street trees also may have better access to water than trees in the country. That’s because the underground water pipes can leak,” says Hutyra.
Shaun Watmough, an environmental scientist, says it’s important to keep in mind that people plant city trees along city streets not just to absorb carbon. The trees also help clean the air, provide shade and make a city more beautiful even if it’s only for decades, not centuries.
1.What does the new research find?
A.City trees have larger economic value than forest trees.
B.Forest trees grow in a faster speed than city trees.
C.Forest trees are equal to city trees in number.
D.City trees have a shorter life than forest trees.
2.How did researchers know the growth rate of trees?
A.They exposed trees to strong sunshine.
B.They kept a record of the width of trees’ bodies.
C.They produced large amounts of car gases to trees.
D.They made trees compete for light against each other.
3.What can we infer about forest trees from the text?
A.They absorb more CO2
B.They have stronger roots.
C.They have more competitors than city trees.
D.They live in a nitrogen-enriched environment.
4.What is Shaun Watmough’s attitude towards planting city trees?
A.Approving. B.Doubtful.
C.Uncertain. D.Pessimistic.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
City trees grow faster and die younger than trees in rural forestry, a new study finds. Over their lifetimes,then, urban trees will likely absorb less CO2 from the air thah forest trees.
As we all know, the earth would be freezing or burning hot without C02. However, CO2 is a greenhouse gas, meaning it traps energy from the sun as/heat. That makes temperatures near the ground rise. Human activities, especially the widespread burning-of fossil(化石）fuels，have been sending extra greenhouse gases into the air. This has led to a rise in average temperatures across the globe.
Studies had shown forests readily absorb C02，but there hadn’t been much data on whether city trees grow， die and absorb CO2 at the same rate as forest trees do. So some researchers decided to find out.
To figure out how quickly trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters (the width of their trunks) between 2005 and 2014. A tree’s diameter increases as it grows, just as a person’s waist size increases as they gain weight. About half the weight of a tree is carbon, research has shown. Most of the rest is water. Over the nine years’ tracking, the researchers found city trees absorbed four times as much carbon from the air as forest trees. However, they were twice as likely to die. So over the lifetime of each type of tree, forest trees actually absorbed more C02.
City trees grew faster because they had less competition for light from their neighbors. In a forest，trees tend to grow close together，shading their neighbors. Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮）in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gas-burning cars also contain nitrogen, thus enriching city air with nitrogen. Later, rainwater may wash much of it to the ground. Some street trees may also have better access to water than trees in the country because the underground water pipes can leak.
1.What can he known about CO2 from paragraph 2?
A.It is one of the side effects of greenhouses.
B.It greatly accelerates the process of global warming.
C.It results from the widespread burning of fossil fuels.
D.It prevents the earth from becoming unsuitable to live on.
2.Why did researchers track the diameters of trees?
A.To know about their growth rates.
B.To find out how much they weigh.
C.To check whether they were healthy.
D.To assess the carbon amounts in them.
3.What advantage do city trees have over forest trees?
A.They are more likely to access growth promoters.
B.They can enjoy more water coming from the air.
C.They can enjoy more shade from neighbors.
D.They are better at competing for light.
4.What will probably be talked about if the passage is continued?
A.How urban trees can live longer.
B.Why city living makes trees die young.
C.How trees respond to dry soil conditions.
D.Why faster-growing trees absorb more C02.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Most people will experience at least one wrong medical diagnosis in their lifetime, resulting in health problems, psychological suffering and financial cost, according to a new report. Because diagnostic errors are generally discovered in retrospect(回顾), researchers said more work needs to be done to improve medical teams and find ways to avoid errors that can change people’s life in the distant future.
“Diagnosis is a collective effort that often involves a team of health care professionals---from primary care physicians to nurses.” said John Ball, chair of the committee which wrote the report. “The type of a single physician observing a patient case and deciding a diagnosis is not always accurate, and a diagnostic errors, we have to look more broadly at the entire process of how a diagnosis is made.”
The researcher, said there are not enough data on diagnostic errors, and efforts to improve diagnosis and reduce errors have not been frequent. The medical culture discourages transparency and makes it more difficult to correct them. The blame lies in cooperation and communication between members of medical teams treating patients, patients themselves, and their families. Besides this, researchers found the healthcare system is not designed for the collaboration needed in the diagnostic process and that diagnosis will continue to worsen if new ideas are not put forward.
The committee recommended more information, from electronic health records to test results, be made more easily available to families and caregivers, to help them better learn and understand what is going on with their health. Creating an environment for patients to question a diagnosis or add information about their condition could also help better influence diagnosis.
Most significantly, the researchers said methods need to be established to make communication between doctors and patients easier. Doctors are not encouraged or paid to communicate with patients as much as they should be.
1.It can be inferred from the new report that .
A. diagnostic errors have a great influence on people
B. new ways are found to avoid diagnostic errors
C. nobody can avoid those diagnostic errors
D. diagnostic errors are difficult to be found
2.Why does the medical culture make the correction of diagnostic errors so difficult?
A. For lack of advanced technological equipment
B. For lack of strict rules of managing the medial environment
C. For lack of enough professional knowledge about medicinal treatment
D. For lack of cooperation and communication between physicians, patients and their families
3.What does Para. 4 mainly talk about?
A. Researches on the diagnostic process
B. New ways to better protect patients
C. Advice on reducing diagnostic errors
D. Communication between patients and doctors
4.Why is communication between doctors and patients not much?
A. Because of the different belief
B. Because of the medical situation
C. Because of being short of money
D. Because of the current rules
5.The passage most probably comes from .
A. a hospital advertisement B. a science book
C. a medical magazine D. a research report
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
There is a popular view ________ in cities, strangers are less likely to help an elderly person.
A．that B．whether C．why D．how
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
With such heavy traffic in big cities, drivers have to be specially cautious over their driving circumstances so as not to _______ each other’s cars.
A．shrink B．deposit C．snatch D．scratch
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
With such heavy traffic in big cities, drivers have to be specially cautious over their driving circumstances so as not to _______ each other’s cars.
A．shrink B．deposit C．snatch D．scratch
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Many migrating birds wing their way over and through the city,_____some surprising natural scenery.
A.created B.creating C.having created D.to create
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Why is poverty so difficult to overcome? Why are poorer people less likely to invest in their own learning and ability development, but more likely to be addicted to television and video games?
In the past, a poor person was normally considered to have bad character or have no ambition. Banerjee corrects such views and explains the economics behind the poor. Poor people tend to live with more worries in their lives, he said, so they need tools such as televisions, cell phones, junk food and video games to relieve worries more than others. But investment in learning often takes a long time to get rewards, while the poor are often impatient due to economic reasons, and their life in the meantime is getting more worrisome and boring.
That goes for health. Banerjee and his wife find that the poor spend the same amount of money and time, or even more on health and medical care than the middle class group, but they tend to get bad effects. The reason is that the poor often lack the essential medical and healthy knowledge and they tend to get medical treatment when the disease has worsened to a certain stage. Besides, they tend to trust the doctors who “give strong medicine”because they believe such doctors are the “good” ones. But in fact,“strong medicine”always leads to resistance to drugs and overtreatment. This kind of attitude, which emphasizes treatment rather than early prevention, has brought many poor people more economic stress and physical damage, and even has affected the education of their next generation. According to the study, children in poorer physical condition tend to spend less time in school and have lower incomes after graduation, so poverty gets “inherited”.
When it comes to finance, Banerjee's research has found that the poor often need to borrow little and short-term loans while paying extremely high interest rates. It is also because the poor tend to take higher financial risks ----they often have unstable incomes and are unable to get working capital from banks, so they rely more on these high-interest loans. And these small loans put a brake on their savings against risks.
How could the poor step into the middle class? Maybe starting a business is a way out. But for the extremely poor, it's impossible to get the capital they need to start a business. In most cases, a more practical option is getting a job in government agencies because comparatively speaking, government jobs are very stable, which give the poor the opportunities to be hired for the long term, to increase the range of their thinking and thus enabling families to move from poverty to the middle class.
Banerjee's research provides a new perspective for governments to understand poverty, so that policies can be tailored to decrease poverty and ultimately eliminate(消除) it.
1.How do the poor deal with the issue of health?
A.They spend less money in preventing disease.
B.They focus more on the diseases than early prevention.
C.They usually think it essential to resist strong medicine.
D.They are willing to get free medical treatment from the government.
2.From the underlined sentence, we can learn that_______.
A.poverty is produced by the poor
B.poverty is passed down by their parents
C.poverty has some bad effects on the poor
D.poverty causes people to bear more economic stress
3.Banerjee considers it difficult to overcome poverty because________.
A.the poor have bad character or have no ambition
B.the poor prefer to invest in business rather than work
C.the government hasn’t taken proper and effective measure
D.the poor were troubled by their lives, health and finance
4.What can we learn from the passage?
A.The poor have attached importance to education.
B.The government can’t provide the jobs for the poor.
C.All the poor need to start a business for their survival.
D.Banerjee's research is helpful for the government to rid of poverty.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind．
| A．which | B．of which | C．that | D．whose |
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ______ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.
| A．which | B．of which | C．that | D．whose |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析