Much like a smartphone, your body will go to sleep when there are no new inputs. When you are on a bus, your senses will give you the same repetitive inputs. The streets will flow by, the engine adds constant white noise, you’re seated and not moving, and the smell... well you hope the smell doesn’t change.
Any repetitive input going to your brain will eventually be ignored and your brain will start going into a low energy state. The fact that you fall asleep quickly when closing your eyes on a bus is because you were already on the bus for a while and got used to all the repetitive sensory data.
When you go to bed, you have a lot of new changes. You are lying down, you wear different clothes, you feel the pressure of your covers, you go from bright to dark, noisy to quiet. All of these are new sensory inputs that your brain needs to get used to before going to sleep.
A laboratory experiment to investigate the effects of whole-body vibration (震动) on seated human alertness and sleepiness was carried out. Vibration was applied to the volunteers sitting on the vehicle seat on the vibration platform. Volunteers for this investigation included 18 young male and healthy university students. None of the volunteers had a history of neck pain, diseases of the cervical spine or musculoskeletal disorders. Seated volunteers were exposed to a Gaussian random vibration, with 1–15 Hz frequency bandwidth at 0.2 ms−2 r.m.s., for 20-minutes.
The results suggest that exposure to vibration even for 20-minutes can cause significant sleepiness. The data clearly show that exposure to vibration has considerable influence on subjective sleepiness levels, and more importantly, human reaction times and decrease of attention.
Drowsy driving has been reported to account for approximately 20% of accidents worldwide. In Australia, 16.6% of total road deaths were caused by sleep-related accidents in 1998 alone. It is well established that sleepiness caused by extended hours of driving has considerable influence on driver performance, therefore, compromising transportation safety.
These findings need to be further proved particularly in relation to driving behavior. This line of research can then assist in the development of practical and relevant guidelines for limitation of vibration exposure in the automotive industry, in an effort to reduce the burden of road accidents. That’s something for both car manufacturers and road safety experts to think about.
1.According to the passage, why do we fall asleep quickly on the bus?
A.Because we meet a lot of new changes.
B.Because the surroundings become quiet.
C.Because we get used to the repetitive sensory data.
D.Because our senses give us different kinds of inputs.
2.What is the purpose of the experiment?
A.To investigate people’s sleeping hours and situation.
B.To research whether vibration can affect people’s health.
C.To study the relationship between inputs and people’s attention.
D.To find out how shaking affects people’s sleepiness in the vehicle.
3.What can be inferred from the passage?
A.Sleepy driving is the main cause of road accidents.
B.The research has helped to reduce the burden of road accidents.
C.The findings of the experiment have been recognized by road safety experts.
D.The research results can give some implications to the automobile production.
4.What is the author’s attitude towards the findings?
A.Positive. B.Negative.
C.Disappointed. D.Indifferent.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
Much like a smartphone, your body will go to sleep when there are no new inputs. When you are on a bus, your senses will give you the same repetitive inputs. The streets will flow by, the engine adds constant white noise, you’re seated and not moving, and the smell... well you hope the smell doesn’t change.
Any repetitive input going to your brain will eventually be ignored and your brain will start going into a low energy state. The fact that you fall asleep quickly when closing your eyes on a bus is because you were already on the bus for a while and got used to all the repetitive sensory data.
When you go to bed, you have a lot of new changes. You are lying down, you wear different clothes, you feel the pressure of your covers, you go from bright to dark, noisy to quiet. All of these are new sensory inputs that your brain needs to get used to before going to sleep.
A laboratory experiment to investigate the effects of whole-body vibration (震动) on seated human alertness and sleepiness was carried out. Vibration was applied to the volunteers sitting on the vehicle seat on the vibration platform. Volunteers for this investigation included 18 young male and healthy university students. None of the volunteers had a history of neck pain, diseases of the cervical spine or musculoskeletal disorders. Seated volunteers were exposed to a Gaussian random vibration, with 1–15 Hz frequency bandwidth at 0.2 ms−2 r.m.s., for 20-minutes.
The results suggest that exposure to vibration even for 20-minutes can cause significant sleepiness. The data clearly show that exposure to vibration has considerable influence on subjective sleepiness levels, and more importantly, human reaction times and decrease of attention.
Drowsy driving has been reported to account for approximately 20% of accidents worldwide. In Australia, 16.6% of total road deaths were caused by sleep-related accidents in 1998 alone. It is well established that sleepiness caused by extended hours of driving has considerable influence on driver performance, therefore, compromising transportation safety.
These findings need to be further proved particularly in relation to driving behavior. This line of research can then assist in the development of practical and relevant guidelines for limitation of vibration exposure in the automotive industry, in an effort to reduce the burden of road accidents. That’s something for both car manufacturers and road safety experts to think about.
1.According to the passage, why do we fall asleep quickly on the bus?
A.Because we meet a lot of new changes.
B.Because the surroundings become quiet.
C.Because we get used to the repetitive sensory data.
D.Because our senses give us different kinds of inputs.
2.What is the purpose of the experiment?
A.To investigate people’s sleeping hours and situation.
B.To research whether vibration can affect people’s health.
C.To study the relationship between inputs and people’s attention.
D.To find out how shaking affects people’s sleepiness in the vehicle.
3.What can be inferred from the passage?
A.Sleepy driving is the main cause of road accidents.
B.The research has helped to reduce the burden of road accidents.
C.The findings of the experiment have been recognized by road safety experts.
D.The research results can give some implications to the automobile production.
4.What is the author’s attitude towards the findings?
A.Positive. B.Negative.
C.Disappointed. D.Indifferent.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
No matter when ther your job is important,you can contribute to social harmony that will, ______ ,benefit the reconstructioon effort in the quake - hit region.
| A．in turn | B．in return | C．in short | D．in brief |
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Lack of sleep will cause an increase in stress levels, which will lead to you not liking your job. This_____ will also have a negative impact on your productivity.
A.in turn B.in return C.in place D.in brief
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Who will ______ your dog when you all go out for a holiday?
A．keep down B．look for C．take to D．attend to
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Who will ______ your dog when you all go out for a holiday?
A．keep down B．look for C．attend to D．take to
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Do you know how much your children sleep?
According to the National Sleep Foundation, ________should sleep twelve to eighteen hours of every twenty-four. With a gradual ________to twelve to fourteen hours for toddlers(初学走路的孩子) one to three; eleven to thirteen hours for ________three to five; and ten to eleven hours for schoolchildren ________five to ten.
But things get reallyat adolescence. Not only do teenagers need more sleep than__---eight and a half to nine and a quarter hours a night, according to the sleep foundation - but the times ________ which they get sleepy and are able to awaken ________ and feel rested shift in a ________ that does not match to the ________times at most schools.
Sleep studies have shown that the typical teenager does not fall asleep readily before 11 p. m. or later. many have to get up by 6 a. m. or ________ to get to school for a class ________starts at 7:30 or 8 a.m. More than a few ________off during that class, and often the ________ one as well. Even if awake, they're in no condition to learn much of anything.
In one study, more than 90 percent of teenagers ________they slept less than the ________nine hours a night, and 10 percent said they slept less than six hours.
_ James B. Maas, a Cornell University psychologist and Leading sleep researcher, has observed, most teenagers are "walking zombies(僵尸)" ________ they get far too little sleep.
1.A. children B. newborns C. elders D. youngsters
2.A. from B. with C. out D. up
3.A. reduction B. increase C. growth D. improvement
4.A. teenagers B. students C. babies D. preschoolers
5.A. related B. separated C. aged D. varied
6.A. demanding B. challenging C. satisfying D. encouraging
7.A. adults B. toddlers C. babies D. schoolchildren
8.A. in B. on C. at D. for
9.A. excitedly B. early C. casually D. naturally
10. A. form B. means C. method D. way
11.A. end B. start C. holiday D. examination
12.A. Since B. For C. Yet D. Then
13.A. nicer B. earlier C. cleaner D. better
14.A. that B. its C. what D. whose
15.A. put B. take C. doze D. cut
16.A. next B. other C. last D. new
17.A. examined B. surveyed C. reported D. convinced
18.A. regulated B. recommended C. analyzed D. reported
19.A. Like B. Since C. As D. Furthermore
20.A. because B. which C. while D. still
高三英语完型填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Does the Body Burn Fat When You Are Hungry?
Your body stores fat as a way to help protect you against starvation if you can’t take in enough food. However, your fat reserve isn’t the first place your body goes for food. Instead, it reaches out for sugar for energy. 1.
Hunger is normally a reflection that your body has used up energy from recent food you ate and has moved onto getting energy from sugar in your blood. 2. The more sugar you take in, the more fuel your body has to use before it reaches out to the fat stores. If your body doesn’t have enough sugar to supply the energy it needs, it begins to burn fat when you’re hungry instead.
Missing meals and going hungry can change your metabolism (新陈代谢) so it stores fat instead of burning it. 3. However, if you skip meals for several days and severely lower your calorie (卡路里) intake, your body begins to store as much fat as possible.
4. Your body burns up sugar stored in your system and begins to burn fat as you continue to exercise. However, exercising when you’re hungry won’t help you burn fat faster. A recent study shows that the body burns the same amount of fat regardless of whether you are hungry when you exercise.
Staying hungry all day won’t necessarily help you burn fat, but cutting calories is key to losing weight. 5. Snack (吃点心) in between meals to keep your metabolism working all day, which helps it burn more fat than if it’s allowed to slow down when it’s not meal time. Snacking in between meals can help you control your meal sizes at meal time.
A. Exercise is key to burning fat.
B. You shouldn’t cut out food to cut calories.
C. This doesn’t happen in a day of missing meals.
D. Just being hungry doesn’t mean your body is burning fat.
E. If you take in less food than your body burns, you’ll lose weight.
F. Your body stores sugar in case you need it when you feel hungry.
G. Eat five or six small meals throughout the day instead of three large ones.
高三英语七选五简单题查看答案及解析
Why not ______ your potential that is hidden in your body? That will be your only chance.
| A．to release | B．release | C．releasing | D．released |
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
68. Mind you. Don’t bump your head on the low________when you go upstairs for sleep.
| A．top | B．tip | C．bottom | D．Ceiling |
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
(2013·高考重庆卷，B)It is easy to overlook the role that your body plays in influencing your mood(情绪)．When you are____，you may find yourself blaming work pressures or an unknown future.However，it could just be that you’ve been sitting behind your desk too long.
One way to improve your mood is____.Psychologically，it provides you with a break from the stresses in your life.Also，in the process，you may aim for____goals，like a new personal running record or a better body shape.The achievement of a particular goal makes you feel good and contributes to your____.That is why exercise has been shown to____your selfrespect.
You do not have to train yourself____to feel the psychological benefits of exercise.What really matters is____，not intensity(强度)of your exercise.You can try walking for 30 minutes five times per week or simply gardening on weekends.
1.A.ill B．poor
C．unhappy D．unsuccessful
2.A.play B．communication
C．sleep D．exercise
3.A.clear B．present
C．common D．early
4.A.ability B．relationship
C．confidence D．business
5.A.tear down B．build up
C．set aside D．give out
6.A.hard B．everywhere
C．carefully D．late
7.A.time B．length
C．form D．frequency
高三英语完型填空中等难度题查看答案及解析