As we reflect on the evolution of fitness ove...

As we reflect on the evolution of fitness over the centuries, and the emergence of a well- organized and growing "fitness” market and industry, it is well to ask ourselves: what have we lost, and what have we gained?

Obviously, much good has come out of these recent developments: there's widespread awareness of the importance of regular exercise, nearly every community has a gym or fitness club where people can go or pay to work out, and we understand more about how the human body works.Yet despite the many health and fitness methods, programs, and resources, the general population has never been so physically sedentary （久坐的）and out-of-shape. A recent World Health Organization report indicates that life expectancy （寿命）in the U. S. dropped for the first time since 1993. The health of modem people is declining, despite highly advanced medical technologies and the booming health and fitness industry.

How could that be? A large part of it is motivation. People are simply not as motivated to move their body and get healthy as they were in the past. We live in a society where the inability to operate one's body in a practical and effective manner is no longer an embarrassing condition. The fitness industry, no matter how good each new program claims to be, has failed to get the majority of people to value, practice, and enjoy physical exercise.

So, should we expect the answer to this dilemma to come from even more varied, or more technologically advanced programs and equipment? Or will the solution come from a different mindset, a simpler approach and practice, and overall a new culture?

1.What does the author tell us about fitness industry in paragraph 2?

A.It provides better technology.

B.It is supported by most people.

C.It brings about positive effects.

D.It costs people too much money.

2.What is the main reason why people fail to do physical exercise?

A.Not enough equipment. B.Lack of inner drive.

C.Misguided instructions. D.Embarrassing living conditions.

3.What does the author seem to agree with?

A.Change attitudes to fitness. B.Rely on standard practice.

C.Seek more potential customers. D.Turn to more advanced programs.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.Lost in fitness B.Misunderstanding about fitness

C.Evolution of fitness D.Importance of fitness

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes (基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle -raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.

On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation - not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they’ve also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters. “They are simply a stranger to the land,” said Redney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.

Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. “We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders,” Dr. Jubilado said. “I could see them actually walking under the sea.”

In2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. “it seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population,” said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.

1.What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1?

A.Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers. B.New knowledge of human evolution.

C.Recent findings of human origin. D.Significance of food selection.

2.Where do the Bajau build their houses?

A.In valleys. B.Near rivers. C.On the beach. D.Off the coast.

3.Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau?

A.They could walk on stilts all day. B.They had a superb way of fishing.

C.They could stay long underwater. D.They lived on both land and water.

4.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A.Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea B.Highlanders’ Survival Skills

C.Basic Methods of Genetic Research D.The World’s Best Divers

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

We know that the earth has become warmer over the last century. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a group established by the World Meteorological Organization and the United Nations Environment Program, reports that the average surface temperature of the earth has increased during the twentieth century by 0.6°+ 0.2°C.(The + 0.2°C means that the increase might be as small as 0.4°C or as great as 0.8°C). This may seem like a small shift, but although regional and short—term temperatures do fluctuate(变动) over a wide range, global temperatures are generally quite stable. In fact, the difference between today’s average global temperature and the average global temperature during the last Ice Age is only about 5 degrees C. Indeed, it’s warmer today around the world than at any time during the past 1,000years, and the warmest years of the previous century have occurred within the past decade.

We also know that human activities—primarily the burning of fossil fuels—have increased the greenhouse gas content of the earth’s atmosphere significantly over the same period. Carbon dioxide is one of the most important greenhouse gases, which trap heat near the planet’s surface.

The vast majority of climate researchers agree with these overall findings. The scientific disagreements that do still exist primarily concern detailed aspects of the processes that make up these largely accepted general themes.

You can think of this website as a window into the world of scientific research. In this primer, you’ll find a general discussion of the physical processes underlying the earth’s climate, an outline of the kinds of data that may shed light on how the climate is changing—and the role of human activity in these changes—and a description a some of the questions and uncertainties that researchers continue to explore. This primer is organized into four interconnected sections: the Atmosphere; the Hydrosphere(水圈); the Cryosphere(低温层); and the Biosphere(生物层).

1.We know from the text that “IPCC”___.

A. engages in the climate and changes about the earth.

B. is a group by scientists who like to walk around the moon

C. works in the World Meteorological Organization

D. often greets the passers-by from the outer space

2.We know from the text that carbon dioxide ___.

A. is one of the most important greenhouse gases

B. has fossil fuels

C. traps cold near the planet’s surface

D. exist in human activities

3.From the text, we know when we say the temperature of something has increased by about 0.7+ 0.2°C, the + 0.2°C means___.

A. the increase might by as small as 0.3°C or as great as 0.7°C

B. the increase might by as small as 0.5°C or as great as 0.8°C

C. the increase might by as small as 0.5°C or as great as 0.9°C

D. the increase might by as small as 0.4 C or as great as 0.8°C

4.What would be the best title for this text?

A. What Are the Scientific Disagreements

B. You Can Think of This Website

C. What Do We Know about Global Climate Change?

D. The Vast Majority of Climate Researchers

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

We know that the earth has become warmer over the last century. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a group established by the World Meteorological Organization and the United Nations Environment Program, reports that the average surface temperature of the earth has increased during the twentieth century by 0.6°+ 0.2°C.(The + 0.2°C means that the increase might be as small as 0.4°C or as great as 0.8°C). This may seem like a small shift, but although regional and short—term temperatures do fluctuate(变动) over a wide range, global temperatures are generally quite stable. In fact, the difference between today’s average global temperature and the average global temperature during the last Ice Age is only about 5 degrees C. Indeed, it’s warmer today around the world than at any time during the past 1,000years, and the warmest years of the previous century have occurred within the past decade.

We also know that human activities—primarily the burning of fossil fuels—have increased the greenhouse gas content of the earth’s atmosphere significantly over the same period. Carbon dioxide is one of the most important greenhouse gases, which trap heat near the planet’s surface.

The vast majority of climate researchers agree with these overall findings. The scientific disagreements that do still exist primarily concern detailed aspects of the processes that make up these largely accepted general themes.

You can think of this website as a window into the world of scientific research. In this primer, you’ll find a general discussion of the physical processes underlying the earth’s climate, an outline of the kinds of data that may shed light on how the climate is changing—and the role of human activity in these changes—and a description a some of the questions and uncertainties that researchers continue to explore. This primer is organized into four interconnected sections: the Atmosphere; the Hydrosphere(水圈); the Cryosphere(低温层); and the Biosphere(生物层).

1.We know from the text that “IPCC”___.

A. engages in the climate and changes about the earth.

B. is a group by scientists who like to walk around the moon

C. works in the World Meteorological Organization

D. often greets the passers-by from the outer space

2.We know from the text that carbon dioxide ___.

A. is one of the most important greenhouse gases

B. has fossil fuels

C. traps cold near the planet’s surface

D. exist in human activities

3.From the text, we know when we say the temperature of something has increased by about 0.7+ 0.2°C, the + 0.2°C means___.

A. the increase might by as small as 0.3°C or as great as 0.7°C

B. the increase might by as small as 0.5°C or as great as 0.8°C

C. the increase might by as small as 0.5°C or as great as 0.9°C

D. the increase might by as small as 0.4 C or as great as 0.8°C

4.What would be the best title for this text?

A. What Are the Scientific Disagreements

B. You Can Think of This Website

C. What Do We Know about Global Climate Change?

D. The Vast Majority of Climate Researchers

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination(歧视) have been made illegal. But one popular form continues to exist, that is alphabetism (字母排序法). This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames (姓氏) begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.

It has long been known that the cars of a taxi firm called AAAA have a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers look through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbot has in life over Zoe Zysman. English names are fairly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a quite large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.

Thus the American presidents and vice-presidents have surnames starting with B and C separately and 26 of those before George Bush took office (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chretien and Koizumi ). The world’s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. The same case are the world’s five richest men (Gates, Buffet and so on).

Can this merely happen by chance? At the start of the first year in primary school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So shortsighted Zysman gets stuck in the back row, and is seldom asked the improving questions by those teachers. At that time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.

The unfairness continues. At university graduation parties, the ABCs proudly get their awards first. However, by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are a little tired. Lists of job interviews and conference speakers and attendees all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their readers lose interest as they plough through them.

1. What does the author intend to show with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars?

A. An example of competition of two kinds of cars.         B. Some advantages of AAAA cars in the taxi firm.

C. An example of unfairness caused by alphabetism.     D. Some disadvantages of Zodiac cars in the taxi firm.

2. What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?

A. The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoe Zysman.

B. In both East and West, names are important to success.

C. Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies’ names.

D. The discrimination in alphabetism can be found in many areas.

3. The fourth paragraph suggests that         .

A. alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class

B. teachers should pay equal attention to all their students

C. questions are often put to the more intelligent students

D. students should be seated according to their eyesight

4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. VIPs in the western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.

B. People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill – treated.

C. Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional unfairness.

D. The movement to get rid of alphabetism still has a long way to go.

高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination(歧视) have been made illegal. But one popular form continues to exist, that is alphabetism (字母排序法). This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames (姓氏) begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.

It has long been known that the cars of a taxi firm called AAAA have a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers look through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbot has in life over Zoe Zysman. English names are fairly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a quite large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.

Thus the American presidents and vice-presidents have surnames starting with B and C separately and 26 of those before George Bush took office (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chretien and Koizumi ). The world’s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. The same case are the world’s five richest men (Gates, Buffet and so on).

Can this merely happen by chance? At the start of the first year in primary school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So shortsighted Zysman gets stuck in the back row, and is seldom asked the improving questions by those teachers. At that time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.

The unfairness continues. At university graduation parties, the ABCs proudly get their awards first. However, by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are a little tired. Lists of job interviews and conference speakers and attendees all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their readers lose interest as they plough through them.

1.What does the author intend to show with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars?

A. An example of competition of two kinds of cars.  B. Some advantages of AAAA cars in the taxi firm.

C. An example of unfairness caused by alphabetism.  D. Some disadvantages of Zodiac cars in the taxi firm.

2.What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?

A. The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoe Zysman.

B. In both East and West, names are important to success.

C. Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies’ names.

D. The discrimination in alphabetism can be found in many areas.

3.The fourth paragraph suggests that         .

A. alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class

B. teachers should pay equal attention to all their students

C. questions are often put to the more intelligent students

D. students should be seated according to their eyesight

4.Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. VIPs in the western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.

B. People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill – treated.

C. Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional unfairness.

D. The movement to get rid of alphabetism still has a long way to go.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

As we know, the coming of radio in this century made ocean sailing much ______.

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Goods must be of proper quality, must be as described on the package and must be fit for any particular purpose made known by the seller . Those three rules used for the goods you buy can also be used for the goods you get on hire , or for the goods you get as part of a service .

There are also rules which deal with the standard of service you get –from , say, travel agents , shoe repairers , hairdressers and builders . These tell you what should expect from any service you pay for .

A person providing a service must do so:

--with reasonable care and skill . You should expect a proper standard of workmanship(工艺). A new house should have straight walls and the roof must not leak.

--Within a reasonable time. A shop should not take three months to repair your TV. You can always agree upon a completion time with the supplier of the service.

You, the customer, must pay:

--A reasonable charge for a service, where no price has been fixed in advance .A trader can not expect a large payment for a small job.

1.The underlined word ”these” in Paragraph 2 refers to “____”.

A. the services

B. the workers

C. the goods

D. the rules

2.What should the supplier do when offering a service?

A. He should determine the completion time himself.

B. He should provide free repairs within three months.

C. He should make sure the service meets proper standards.

D. He should reach an agreement on the payment with his workers.

3.The passage is trying to ____.

A. ask the customer to but goods and services of high quality

B. advise the buyer how to pay a reasonable price for a service

C. tell the customer what rights he has once he pays for something

D. warn the seller what he sells must meet the buyer’s requirements

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

The disappearance of dinosaurs made _______ the evolution and dominance of mammals on the earth.

A. it was possible  B. it possible          C. possible to be       D. possible

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

As we know, the earth's climate has changed over time.The present rate of climate change depends, in large part, on human activities.Today, people all over the world are making everyday choices that help the environment.Small actions matter.In other words, climate change is your business.

A woman in Nicaragua buys fluorescent (荧光的) light bulbs that are 80 percent more energy­saving than traditional ones. Many　 governments are now subsidizing energy­saving lights to encourage people　 to turn to them.Consumers are discovering that the new­generation bulbs　　 help them save money in the long run.

Agriculture accounts for about 14 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions (排放) , and transporting the food around adds to the environmental cost.There is a team of young vegetable growers in the United Kingdom who want to encourage kids to start planting their own fruit and vegetables.

A young lawyer wearing business clothes rides her bicycle to work in a large U．S.city.She's been biking to work every day for the past two years and says it's a lot easier than many people think.A recent study shows that more Americans bike or walk to work today than before.

A university student from southeastern China carries a reusable shopping bag to cut back on disposable (一次性的) plastics.Some large shopkeepers have removed paper and plastic bags, and consumers are responding.

In Canberra, Australia, summers are hot and winters cold.To save electricity, Adam Wilson in Canberra uses an energy­saving heating system, and he keeps the temperature lower than he did in years past.He still makes it through the summer without air conditioning.

1.The passage mainly tells us that________.

A．climate change is concerned with everyone

B．the global warming is getting worse

C．saving energy is of great necessity

D．human is to destroy the environment

2.The underlined word “subsidizing” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”．

A．charging　　　　    B．producing

C．giving allowance to　     D．taking advantage of

3.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A．The governments don't expect consumers to use the new­generation bulbs.

B．Agriculture should be responsible for part of the global gas emissions.

C．Many people in Nicaragua go to work on foot or by bike.

D．University students from China always carry disposable shopping bags.

4.We can learn from the last paragraph that________.

A．the climate in Canberra is mild all the year round

B．an energy­saving heating system will come into use

C．Adam Wilson has a good habit of saving energy

D．Adam Wilson is skilled in inventing the energy­saving equipment

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析