Hybrid cars, also called hybrid electric vehicles （HEVs）, are cars that use more than one source of energy to run. They differ from the majority of cars on the road today in several ways. The main difference is that HEVs run on gasoline and electricity. An HEV car has a battery-powered motor as well as an engine that runs on gasoline.
A hybrid car is a bit more expensive to produce than a regular car even though its engine is smaller. The reason for the greater expense is that the engine is more complex. It has specialized mechanisms that allow it to operate using gasoline and electric power. It also contains a computer that works differently from those of regular cars. Even though it is more expensive to purchase, it costs less to own than gas-powered cars. When an HEV car is at a stoplight or going at a speed below 15 miles per hour, its special computer tells it to run just on electric power. When the computer senses that the car needs more power, it puts the gasoline engine back to work. The computer is constantly deciding whether the car will use electricity, gas, or a combination of the two.
Because the HEV has electric power to help it run, it uses much less fuel than most cars. In fact hybrid cars are the most fuel-efficient cars that exist today. They can get from 50 to 60 miles per gallon on average. The high mileage saves money for the car owner and conserves precious supplies of petroleum. Hybrid cars help the environment in other ways too. For example, when
the HEV is using electric power, it does not send out poisonous smoke that pollute the air.
Despite the differences between hybrid cars and regular cars, HEVs offer the same feel as regular cars. They handle the same way and speed up and stop in the same way too. HEVs, though, are generally smaller than gasoline-powered cars. Their rounded, aerodynamic frame helps add to their fuel efficiency but unfortunately does not add to the amount of space inside the vehicle.
1.Which statement best explains the characteristics of an HEV?
A.Safe and reliable. B.Expensive but long-lasting.
C.Smaller engine, greater power. D.High price, low carbon.
2.The transformation between the gasoline and electricity in an HEV is operated by ________.
A.the engine B.the battery
C.the computer D.the driver
3.For what purpose was the HEV invented?
A.To save energy. B.To provide better service.
C.To lower the expense of purchase. D.To give the drivers a different feeling.
4.Where does the passage probably come from?
A.A health report. B.A science magazine.
C.A vehicle advertisement. D.A travel journal.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
Hybrid cars, also called hybrid electric vehicles （HEVs）, are cars that use more than one source of energy to run. They differ from the majority of cars on the road today in several ways. The main difference is that HEVs run on gasoline and electricity. An HEV car has a battery-powered motor as well as an engine that runs on gasoline.
A hybrid car is a bit more expensive to produce than a regular car even though its engine is smaller. The reason for the greater expense is that the engine is more complex. It has specialized mechanisms that allow it to operate using gasoline and electric power. It also contains a computer that works differently from those of regular cars. Even though it is more expensive to purchase, it costs less to own than gas-powered cars. When an HEV car is at a stoplight or going at a speed below 15 miles per hour, its special computer tells it to run just on electric power. When the computer senses that the car needs more power, it puts the gasoline engine back to work. The computer is constantly deciding whether the car will use electricity, gas, or a combination of the two.
Because the HEV has electric power to help it run, it uses much less fuel than most cars. In fact hybrid cars are the most fuel-efficient cars that exist today. They can get from 50 to 60 miles per gallon on average. The high mileage saves money for the car owner and conserves precious supplies of petroleum. Hybrid cars help the environment in other ways too. For example, when
the HEV is using electric power, it does not send out poisonous smoke that pollute the air.
Despite the differences between hybrid cars and regular cars, HEVs offer the same feel as regular cars. They handle the same way and speed up and stop in the same way too. HEVs, though, are generally smaller than gasoline-powered cars. Their rounded, aerodynamic frame helps add to their fuel efficiency but unfortunately does not add to the amount of space inside the vehicle.
1.Which statement best explains the characteristics of an HEV?
A.Safe and reliable. B.Expensive but long-lasting.
C.Smaller engine, greater power. D.High price, low carbon.
2.The transformation between the gasoline and electricity in an HEV is operated by ________.
A.the engine B.the battery
C.the computer D.the driver
3.For what purpose was the HEV invented?
A.To save energy. B.To provide better service.
C.To lower the expense of purchase. D.To give the drivers a different feeling.
4.Where does the passage probably come from?
A.A health report. B.A science magazine.
C.A vehicle advertisement. D.A travel journal.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Hybrid cars （混合动力车） are cars that run on petrol and electricity. They have a small standard petrol engine and a battery (电池) electric motor to provide electric power.
There are some differences between different models of hybrid cars, but the general principle is that the car runs on petrol, and the electric motor kicks in when additional power is required, for example, when going uphill or accelerating. In some hybrid cars the petrol engine turns itself off when not needed, for example when the car has stopped at traffic light, keeping only the electric engine running.
Conventional cars have large engines to deal with driving uphill and accelerating. Hybrid cars have much smaller petrol engines, improved by electric motors when needed, so they use less petrol. Another way that fuel consumption is cut is by a system of "regenerative (再生的) braking". The electric motor is used to slow down the car, rather than conventional brakes. The energy produced by slowing the car is changed into electrical power, which is automatically stored in the battery. In effect, the battery recharges when you brake. In conventional cars the energy produced when braking is wasted.
In 1928 Ferdinand Porsche built an experimental hybrid car. The first mass-produced hybrid car, the Toyota Prius, came out in Japan at the end of 1997. However, hybrid cars became available in the USA only in 1999. As they use less fuel, hybrid cars are cheaper to run. There are also many voices in place to encourage people to buy them. In some countries, hybrid car owners pay a lower rate of tax, and don't have to pay on certain roads. In some cities, hybrid cars are allowed to park for free.
1. Hybrid cars consume less energy than conventional cars because hybrid cars _____.
A. have large engines to deal with accelerating
B. have conventional brakes to slow down the car
C. have electric power to assist when needed
D. have no energy consumption when stopping
2. In regenerative braking, _____.
A. energy wasted in conventional cars is stored in the battery
B. the conventional brakes are used to slow down the car
C. the battery charges itself when the car is accelerating
D. the petrol engine is usually turned off automatically
3.From the last paragraph we can learn that Hybrid cars ____.
A. were first available in the USA
B. will gain more popularity
C. free their owners from tax
D. are free to park anywhere in the city
4. The main purpose of this text is to_____.
A. show haw hybrid cars slow down
B. encourage people to buy hybrid cars
C. inform people a kind of energy-saving cars
D. explain why hybrid cars use less energy
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
An electric flying vehicle called Skai was shown yesterday near Los Angeles, California. Skai is made by Alaka’i Technologies. The vehicle has six rotors（旋翼）on the roof and seats inside for five people.
Like a drone（无人机）, the vehicle from Alaka’i Technologies takes off and lands vertically（垂直地）. It’s one of many similar electric flying vehicles in production, including ones from Boeing and Airbus. But most of them are powered by batteries, which can add a lot of weight. The Skai instead uses very light hydrogen fuel cells to run its rotors, giving it a range of 400 miles（644 kilometers）and the capacity to carry 1,000 pounds（454 kilograms）in people or goods, the company says.
Alaka’i says it’s planning a test flight near its Massachusetts headquarters. It will be flown by an on ⁃ board pilot（飞行员）, but the technology exists to eventually fly it remotely and even autonomously. However, it will be years before the Federal Aviation Administration（FAA）allows the autonomous flight of passenger vehicles, said Thaddeus Lightfoot, who helps companies navigate FAA rules.
“Drone⁃ like vehicles such as the Skai must first simply prove their airworthiness, like any common plane. After that, getting commercial certification is another complex process. The technology is interesting, but the regulatory road will be very long,”said Lightfoot, adding that the idea of allowing people to fly in a large aircraft without a pilot is“well outside the current regulatory system.”
Hanvey, CEO of Alaka’i Technologies, said that it could take at least a decade before the company realizes his goal of electric flying vehicles ferrying passengers over major cities at nearly 120 mph. Before that, he hopes to see Skai aircraft used by first responders to send in food or water following disasters like hurricanes or wildfires. It could also serve as a mobile cell tower, staying in the sky for up to 10 hours over a neighborhood to provide communication services, he said.
1.What is the advantage of the Skai?
A.It is quite light. B.It uses batteries.
C.It carries more people. D.It lands autonomously.
2.What can we infer about the pilotless flight of passenger vehicles?
A.It costs a lot.
B.It saves energy.
C.It is not readily available now.
D.It will soon get approved by FAA.
3.According to Thaddeus Lightfoot, what should the Skai do first?
A.Prove its safety to fly. B.Conduct a test flight.
C.Get a commercial license. D.Obey the International Air Law.
4.Where is the Skai probably first used according to Hanvey?
A.In the countryside. B.In some major cities.
C.In mountainous areas. D.In disaster⁃stricken areas.
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
The third﹣generation hybrid rice which was developed by Yuan Longping, the "father of hybrid rice",and his team underwent its first public yield（产量）monitoring from Monday to Tuesday and achieved high output. The final yield of the tested variety, G3﹣1S/P19, came to 1046.3 kg per mu （about 667 square meters）, based on two plots of land in Qingzhu Village under the city of Hengyang in central China's Hunan Province.
"Some previous high﹣yielding hybrid rice varieties in China took 160 to even 180 days from sowing to harvesting, while the figure was shortened to around 125 days for the new variety. This is one of the most important characteristics of the third﹣generation hybrid rice that can reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers, thus reducing cost and improving production efficiency. " said Qian Qian, the deputy director of the China National Rice Research Institute.
Unlike the previous two generations that required a large amount of water and fertilizers as well as demanding growing conditions and technological support, the third﹣generation hybrid rice is easier to be cultivated by ordinary farmers. So the soil, altitude and climate of the test site were not "ideal conditions" carefully selected beforehand but were close to the paddies of ordinary farmers.
Nowadays, China's average yield of rice is about 500 kg per mu. Ordinary farmers can produce 600kg to 700 kg of rice per mu by growing some excellent second﹣generation hybrid rice varieties. However, under the same planting conditions and environment, the yield of the third﹣generation hybrid rice could reach 800 kg per mu. China now feeds around 20 percent of the world's population with less than 9 percent of the world's arable（可耕种的）land.
At present, Yuan's team has nine third﹣generation hybrid rice combinations under trial, which are expected to achieve commercial seed production in the following three to four years and hope to apply the technology into the research of sea rice. The third﹣generation hybrid rice has the comprehensive strength to promote a greener and more sustainable development of China's rice production with higher quality and yield.
1.What feature of the new hybrid rice does Qian Qian mainly talk about？
A.It saves a lot more water.
B.It achieves a higher yield.
C.It saves much more farmland.
D.It has a shorter growing period.
2.Why is the new hybrid rice not tested in ideal areas？
A.The ordinary farmers master planting technology.
B.The researchers want to reduce the experiment cost.
C.The growing conditions the new hybrid rice needs are simple.
D.The previous rice farming provides researchers with experience.
3.What is the fourth paragraph mainly about？
A.The high output of the third﹣generation hybrid rice.
B.The promising future of the new hybrid rice variety.
C.The advanced technology of the research on hybrid rice.
D.The differences between the three hybrid rice varieties.
4.Which one could be the best title of the text？
A.The Development of China's Rice
B.The Contribution of the Great Scientist
C.The High Yield of the New Hybrid Rice
D.The Way to Feed the World's Population
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
A pair of twin-brother ligers, a rare lion-tiger hybrid(杂种), have become superstars in China's southernmost island province of Hainan after becoming the first ligers in the country to reach their first birthday.
Tens of thousands of tourists visited the liger brothers at Hainan Tropical Wildlife Park during the week-long May Day holiday that ended on Sunday, hoping to catch a glimpse of the rare animals. At least 10,000 people signed a red banner when the park celebrated the liger's birthday on May 2. People expressed the hope that the twins would be strong and healthy, the Hainan Daily reports. Zookeepers even made the twins a special birthday cake out of beef and eggs.
The ligers, born on May 2, 2005 , are named 'Ping Ping' and 'An An', which together translate as 'safe and sound'. Their mother Huan Huan is a six-year-old tigress and their father is a four-year – old lion named Xiao Erhei. The couple first gave birth to a liger in June 2004 but the cub (幼兽) died of respiratory(呼吸的）failure 72 hours later.
The pregnancy (怀孕) rate for lion-tiger couples is only between one and two percent and the cubs normally have a short life expectancy due to the differences in their chromosomes(染色体). Zoologists say only six to eight ligers are living in the world. China's first tiger-lion hybrid cub was born at Hongshan Zoo in Nanjing, capital of east China's Jiangsu Province, in 2002. But it died a week later.
Ping Ping and An An have broken the survival record set by a liger who lived for 113 days at Hongshan Zoo.
1. Why can Ping Ping and An An become superstars?
A. Because they are the most beautiful ligers.
B. Because they are the cleverest ligers.
C. Because they are the most attractive ligers.
D. Because they are the first ligers to live for a year.
2. Why can't ligers live long ?
A. Because their chromosomes are different.
B. Because they are too small when they are born.
C. Because their parents don't live long.
D. Because they are short of food.
3. How many ligers did the passage mention?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six.
4. What is the best title of this passage?
A. China's longest living twin ligers celebrate their lst birthday
B. Why can't ligers in the world live long
C. How to raise ligers safely
D. The story behind the ligers
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
Yuan Longping, 90, known as the “father of hybrid rice”，plays a crucial role in helping China achieve food security. Every morning what he does first is go to the field and works as a “farmer”. When asked how much his shirt was, he told the reporter that it was 35 yuan.
Deng Jiaxian, the Founding Father of China’s A-Bomb and H-Bomb, was the founder and promoter of China’s nuclear weapon cause. However, it was not until he died that his parents and many of his friends realized that he had produced such extraordinary achievements.
Li Junxian, without whom it would have been impossible for us to send the rocket into space, is one of the academicians of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. In 2018, this 90-year-old party member, donated 3 million yuan to set up the Doctor Innovation Fund and the Hardship Assistance Fund.
（写作内容）
1. 用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容；
2. 分析上述国家功臣身上有哪些值得我们学习的优良品质；
3. 谈谈其中某一品质对你的启发，并举例说明。
（写作要求）
1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 不必写标题。
（评分标准）
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
高三英语读写任务中等难度题查看答案及解析
The wide spread of super hybrid rice around the world ______ the lives of millions and millions of people suffering from hunger to a great level.
| A．has improved | B．is improving | C．improved | D．has been improving |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Do you know that Yuan Longping is known as ______ father of hybrid rice (杂交水稻)?
A．/ B．the C．a D．an
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Electric vehicle sales will likely jump over the next two to three years as prices fall and more choices are made available, according to BlackRock’s global head of department investing.
Customers will have more opportunities to move away from traditional combustion engines(内燃机) to electric vehicles and their choices will not be restricted to only certain auto suppliers, Evy Hambro told CNBC’s “Squawk Box ” on Thursday.
“I think we’re at this tipping point of change,” Hambro said. “Over the next two years, we’re going to see price point of entry(入口) drop . We’re expecting to see a big lift in electric vehicle sales over the next two to three years.”
Different countries are at various stages of adopting electric vehicles, depending on regulatory environments and consumer preferences, according to Hambro. For its part, China is leading the way in many new business models around automation and electric vehicles, including in battery technology, he said.
In a bid to curb(遏制) air pollution, Beijing has aggressively pushed for new energy vehicles — that run partially or fully on electricity — through preferential policies, providing subsidies and by exercising its manufacturing(制造) power. It is also exploring autonomous driving technology.
On Wednesday, American chipmaker Nvidia signed separate deals with Chinese electric vehicle start-ups XPeng Motors, Singulato Motors and SF Motors to develop the self-driving technology, despite the ongoing trade tensions between the U.S. and China.
“We’re seeing China increasingly open up to international business,” Hambro said. “We’re now seeing high levels of ownership, majority ownership in some industries. We’re seeing licenses being given out to specific groups ... I think really we’re seeing some change there, maybe some of these trade tensions are starting to soften.” BMW also said Wednesday that it has obtained a license to provide ride-hailing services in the Chinese city of Chengdu, making the German automaker the first foreign company to do so in China. It will face heavy competition from local players including Didi Chuxing and Meituan Dache.
1.How will electric vehicle develop in the next two or three years?
A.Decline in sales. B.Price fall.
C.Decline in ownership. D.Reduction in suppliers.
2.Why does Beijing actively promote the use of new energy vehicles?
A.To get high profits. B.For transport development.
C.To protect the environment. D.For the development of the city.
3.How does the author introduce the increasing openness of China in the last Paragraph ？
A.By making a comparison. B.By giving an example.
C.By telling a story. D.By asking questions.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.New Development Trend of Electric Vehicles in China
B.Electric Vehicle Technology Looks Forward to New Progress.
C.New Trends of International Electric Vehicle Trade.
D.Electric Vehicle Sales to ‘See a Big Lift’ Over the Next 2 to 3 Years.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
________ related industries, Beijing will also commit to promoting the intelligent connected vehicle (ICV) industry, whose future market is huge.
A. In virtue of B. In terms of
C. On top of D. On behalf of
高三英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析